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BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease increases uremic toxins concentrations, which have been associated with intestinal dysbiosis. Sorghum bicolor L. Moench has dietary fiber and bioactive compounds, while Bifidobacterium longum can promote beneficial health effects. METHODS: It is a controlled, randomized, and single-blind clinical trial. Thirty-nine subjects were randomly separated into two groups: symbiotic group (SG), which received 100 mL of unfermented probiotic milk with Bifidobacterium longum strain and 40 g of extruded sorghum flakes; and the control group (CG), which received 100 mL of pasteurized milk and 40 g of extruded corn flakes for seven weeks. RESULTS: The uremic toxins decreased, and gastrointestinal symptoms improved intragroup in the SG group. The acetic, propionic, and butyric acid production increased intragroup in the SG group. Regarding α-diversity, the Chao1 index was enhanced in the SG intragroup. The KEGG analysis revealed that symbiotic meal increased the intragroup energy and amino sugar metabolism, in addition to enabling essential amino acid production and metabolism, sucrose degradation, and the biosynthesis of ribonucleotide metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of symbiotic meal reduced BMI, improved short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) synthesis and gastrointestinal symptoms, increased diversity according to the Chao1 index, and reduced uremic toxins in chronic kidney disease patients.

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Caruru (Amaranthus spinosus L) and trapoeraba (Commelina benghalensis) are NCEPs introduced into Brazil and are widely used by certain communities. Given the lack of information on carotenoids, vitamins, and minerals present in A. spinosus and C. benghalensis grown in Brazil, this study aimed to determine the proximate composition and the micronutrient profile of these two NCEPs obtained from family farming in the Middle Doce River (Médio Rio Doce) region in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The proximate composition was evaluated using AOAC methods, vitamin E by HPLC with fluorescence detection, vitamin C and carotenoids by HPLC-DAD, and minerals by atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. In summary, the leaves of A. spinosus exhibited a high content of dietary fiber (10.20 g.100 g-1), potassium (708.8 mg·100 g-1), iron (4.0 mg·100 g-1) and ß-carotene (6.94 mg·100 g-1), while the leaves of C. benghalensis were sources of potassium (1399.31 mg·100 g-1), iron (5.7 mg·100 g-1), calcium (163 mg·100 g-1), zinc (1.3 mg·100 g-1), ascorbic acid (23.61 mg·100 g-1), and ß-carotene (31.33 mg·100 g-1). It was therefore concluded that C. benghalensis and A. spinosus, especially, presented excellent potential as important nutritional sources for human consumption, highlighting the gap existing between the available technical and scientific material, thus making them an important and necessary axis of research.

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This study aimed to determine the chemical composition and the vitamin, carotenoid, and mineral profile in dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) collected from the Middle Doce River region (Médio Rio Doce) in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. To accomplish this, the physicochemical parameters, such as titratable acidity, pH, and soluble solids were determined, in addition to the evaluation of the plants' proximate composition (moisture, ash, proteins, dietary fibers, and lipids). The vitamin E, carotenoids and vitamin C were determined by HPLC and the minerals were analysed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The T. officinale samples presented a low content of macronutrients, a total energy value of 27.88 kcal.100 g-1 FW, a high fiber content (3.7 g.100 g-1 FW), low levels of total vitamin E (43.67 µg.100 g-1 FW), total carotenoids of 11.95 g.100 g-1 FW, and did not present vitamin C in detectable levels. The mineral analysis revealed a high concentration of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and selenium, and small amounts or traces of aluminium, cadmium, nickel, and chromium. In conclusion, T. officinale was shown to be an important source of nutrients, especially fiber, iron and manganese.

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Introduction and Aims: The behavioral changes that arose from quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic may have impacted the weight of people. This study aims to investigate the incidence and predictors of weight gain during the quarantine period. Methods: An online survey was performed five months after the social distance measures implementation. Participants recorded their current and usual weight before lockdown. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed. Results: Data on 1334 participants were evaluated (33.6y, 79.8% females), and 58.8% have gained weight (3.0 kg; 0.1 to 30.0 kg). Predictors of weight gain were increased food intake (OR = 5.40); snacking (OR = 2.86); fast food (OR = 1.11); canned products (OR = 1.08); and in physical activity (OR = 0.99) concerning the period before the pandemic; also time spent at work, including household chores (OR = 1.58); evening snack (OR = 1.54); higher frequency of alcoholic beverage intake (OR = 1.59) and dose of alcoholic beverage (OR = 1.11); uncontrolled eating (OR = 1.01), and vegetable intake (OR = 0.92) during the quarantine and physical activity before pandemic period (OR = 0.99). Conclusion: Most participants have gained weight during the pandemic because of working changes, lifestyle, eating habits changes, and uncontrolled eating behavior. These results can be useful to encourage changes during future quarantine periods to prevent weight gain.

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Exhaustive and acute unusual physical exercise leads to muscle damage. Curcumin has been widely studied due to the variety of its biological activities, attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, it has shown positive effects on physical exercise practitioners. However, there is no literature consensus on the beneficial effects of curcumin in acute physical activities performed by sedentary individuals. Therefore, we systematically reviewed evidence from clinical trials on the main effects of curcumin supplementation on inflammatory markers, sports performance, and muscle damage during acute physical exercises in these individuals. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases, and only original studies were analyzed according to the PRISMA guidelines. The included studies were limited to supplementation of curcumin during acute exercise. A total of 5 studies were selected. Methodological quality assessments were examined using the SYRCLE's risk-of-bias tool. Most studies have shown positive effects of curcumin supplementation in sedentary individuals undergoing acute physical exercise. Overall, participants supplemented with curcumin showed less muscle damage, reduced inflammation, and better muscle performance. The studies showed heterogeneous data and exhibited methodological limitations; therefore, further research is necessary to ensure curcumin supplementation benefits during acute and high-intensity physical exercises. Additionally, mechanistic and highly controlled studies are required to improve the quality of the evidence and to elucidate other possible mechanisms. This study is registered with Prospero number CRD42021262718.

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The study aimed to assess the eating behavior [uncontrolled eating (UE), emotional eating (EE), and cognitive restraint (CR)], the perceived stress, and independently associated factors among Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online survey was conducted and data about 1,368 participants were evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to identify factors independently associated (socioeconomic, lifestyle, and eating habits data) with eating behaviors and perceived stress. Working in the COVID-19 frontline (OR = 2.19), increased food delivery (OR = 1.49), increased food intake (OR = 1.48), increased number of meals (OR = 1.13), and EE (OR = 1.05) were factors independently associated with UE. Variables that were independently associated with EE were: increased food intake (OR = 2.57), graduation in a non-health-related course (OR = 1.78), perceived stress (OR = 1.08), UE (OR = 1.07), and CR (OR = 1.02). Reduced snacking (OR = 2.08), female gender (OR = 1.47), having a higher degree (OR = 1.44), increased homemade meals (OR = 1.31), the higher difference in the frequency of instant meals and snacks intake (OR = 0.91), EE (OR = 1.01), not increased alcohol dose intake (OR = 0.57), and increased physical activity (OR = 0.54) were independently associated with CR. Perceived stress was independently associated with changes in the way of working or studying (OR = 2.48), worse sleep quality (OR = 2.22), younger age (OR = 1.06), and EE (OR = 1.02). This study indicates that socioeconomic variables, lifestyle, and eating habits were independently associated with the eating behaviors of Brazilians and perceived stress during the quarantine.

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The impact of maceration and germination on the concentration of bioactive compounds still needs to be evaluated. The stability of B complex vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine), vitamin E (α, ß, γ, δ tocopherols and tocotrienols), xanthophylls (lutein and zeaxanthin) and flavonoids (3-deoxyanthocyanidins-3-DXAs, flavones and flavanones) was evaluated in sorghum grains subjected to maceration and germination, using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Maceration and germination reduced thiamine and pyridoxine concentrations (retentions ranging from 3.8 to 50.2%). Riboflavin and Vitamin E concentrations were not affected by maceration. Germination increased riboflavin and reduced vitamin E. 3-DXAs were sensitive to maceration and germination (retentions of 69.6% and 69.9%, respectively). Flavones contents decreased with germination. Our results indicate that, after germination and/or maceration, sorghum had important nutritional and functional value. Thus, its intake, mainly in macerated forms, should be encouraged, since concentrations of riboflavin, vitamin E and flavones were not altered during this processing.

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We developed a whey protein admixture of turmeric extract by spray drying (TWPC-SD) and by foam mat drying (TWPC-FMD) and compared its bioactive compounds and nutrients contents. TWPC samples were evaluated for preference and acceptability. Vitamins and carotenoids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Total phenolics, curcumin and antioxidant capacity were determined by spectrophotometry. Centesimal composition was performed according to the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Chemical elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. TWPC containing 3.6 mg of curcumin showed good acceptability. Carotenoids and riboflavin were not detected in either TWPC. Vitamin C content was maintained, and antioxidant capacity was increased in both products (p < 0.05). TWPC-SD showed higher total phenolic and curcumin contents compared to TWPC-FMD (p < 0.05). Thus, the TWPC-SD is a good alternative for human consumption since it showed good sensory acceptability and its nutrients and bioactive compounds can contribute to human health.

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Abstract Fortification of food constitutes an important strategy for the control of micronutrient deficiency and has advantages such as high population coverage and maintenance of eating habits. This study aimed to assess the impact of using fortified rice (Ultra Rice® - UR®) on the nutritional status of preschoolers. Ninety-nine children enrolled in two philanthropic preschools participated of the study. Children of one of the preschools were offered UR® mixed with polished rice, as part of school meals (test group) and the children of another preschool were offered pure polished rice (control group). Biochemical evaluations were performed before and after 4 months of intervention. Dietary assessment and sensory evaluation of UR® mixed with polished rice were performed during the study. The fortified rice improved the concentrations of zinc (p < 0.001), thiamine (p < 0.001), folic acid (p = 0.003), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (p < 0.001) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (p < 0.001). The fortified rice showed good acceptability among preschoolers. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of using rice fortified with iron, zinc, thiamine and folic acid on the nutritional status of children.

Resumo A fortificação de alimentos constitui importante estratégia para o controle da deficiência de micronutrientes e apresenta como vantagens a alta cobertura populacional e o fato de não alterar hábitos alimentares. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o impacto do uso de arroz fortificado (Ultra Rice® - UR®) sobre o estado nutricional de pré-escolares. Noventa e nove crianças matriculadas em duas creches filantrópicas participaram do estudo. Para crianças de uma creche foi oferecido UR® misturado com arroz polido, como parte das refeições escolares (grupo teste) e para as da outra foi oferecido somente arroz polido (grupo controle). Avaliações bioquímicas foram realizadas antes e após 4 meses de intervenção. Avaliações dietética e sensorial do UR® misturado com arroz polido foram realizadas durante o estudo. O arroz fortificado melhorou as concentrações de zinco (p < 0,001), tiamina (p < 0 ,001), ácido fólico (p = 0,003), hemoglobina corpuscular média (p < 0,001) e hemoglobina corpuscular média (p < 0,001). O arroz fortificado mostrou boa aceitação entre os pré-escolares. Este estudo demonstrou a eficácia do uso de arroz fortificado com ferro, zinco, tiamina e ácido fólico sobre o estado nutricional das crianças.

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This study investigated and compared the occurrence and concentration of macronutrients, moisture, ash, dietary fiber, fatty acids, minerals, carotenoids, vitamins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, phytate and tannin in Brazilian chia seeds grown in the states of Mato Grosso (MT) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS). High concentrations of lipids (31.2g.100g-1, on average), proteins (18.9g.100g-1, on average), dietary fiber (35.3g.100g-1, on average), vitamin E (8,203.6µg.100g-1, on average) were observed. Similar values for total phenolic compounds and phytic acid in chia seeds from both regions were observed. Chia grown in RS showed higher antioxidant activity than chia grown in MT, and the tannin concentrations were higher in chia seeds grown in Mato Grosso (19.08±1.08eq.catequina/gsample). In conclusion, Brazilian chia seeds showed high concentrations of lipids, proteins, total dietary fiber, minerals and vitamin E.

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Rice fortification offers great potential to deliver essential micronutrients to a large part of the world population. However, high temperatures required for cooking rice are deleterious to thermally labile micronutrients. This study evaluated the content and stability of thiamin and folic acid in fortified rice after different cooking methods (stir-frying, boiling, cooking in a microwave oven and boiling in a Food Service). The analyses were performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The fortified rice showed the highest thiamin content (0.97 mg/kg) and retention (65.4%) when cooked in microwave oven, and for folic acid the lowest content (0.17 mg/kg) and the highest retention (96.11%) when cooked in a Food Service and stir-fried, respectively. In conclusion, the stability of thiamin and folic acid varied according to the cooking method and the stability of folic acid presented higher percentages in relation to thiamin in the different methods. [Formula: see text].

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The study of zinc bioavailability in foods is important because this mineral intake does not meet the recommended doses for some population groups. Also, the presence of dietary factors that reduce zinc absorption contributes to its deficiency. Rice fortified with micronutrients (Ultra Rice®) is a viable alternative for fortification since this cereal is already inserted into the population habit. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioavailability of zinc (Zn) in rice fortified with zinc oxide. During 42 days, rats were divided into four groups and fed with diets containing two different sources of Zn (test diet: UR® fortified with zinc oxide, or control diet: zinc carbonate (ZnCO3)), supplying 50% or 100%, respectively, of the recommendations of this mineral for animals. Weight gain, food intake, feed efficiency ratio, weight, thickness and length of femur; retention of zinc, calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in the femur and the concentrations of Zn in femur, plasma and erythrocytes were evaluated. Control diet showed higher weight gain, feed efficiency ratio, retention of Zn and Zn concentration in the femur (p < 0.05). However, no differences were observed (p > 0.05) for dietary intake, length and thickness of the femur, erythrocyte and plasmatic Zn between groups. Although rice fortified with zinc oxide showed a lower bioavailability compared to ZnCO3, this food can be a viable alternative to be used as a vehicle for fortification.

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Objetivou-se determinar o teor de ácido ascórbico (AA), carotenoides, fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante em sucos de frutas comercializados em diferentes embalagens. Foram avaliados sucos industrializados dos sabores goiaba e uva de duas marcas (marca A: embalagem plástica e tetrapak; marca B: embalagem em lata, vidro e tetrapak). Os teores de AA e carotenoides foram determinados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). A atividade antioxidante foi avaliada pelo teste de DPPH e fenólicos totais foram determinados utilizando o reagente de Folin-Ciocalteau. O suco de goiaba da marca A em embalagem tetrapak apresentou maiores teores de licopeno (2,01 ± 1,61 mg/100 mL), enquanto o suco da marca B apresentou maiores teores de AA (22,1 ± 2,0 mg/100 mL) e β-caroteno (4,09 ± 0,54 mg/100 mL). Para ambos os sabores, os sucos da marca B obtiveram os maiores valores de atividade antioxidante e de fenólicos totais, sendo que para o sabor goiaba os maiores valores foram encontrados em embalagem de vidro, enquanto que para o sabor uva obtiveram-se maiores valores em embalagem tetrapak. Observou-se que diferentes marcas de sucos apresentaram diferentes conteúdos dos componentes avaliados e que a embalagem tem grande influencia no valor nutricional dos sucos, sendo a embalagem tetrapak a que apresentou os melhores resultados.

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Objetivou-se determinar o teor de ácido ascórbico (AA), carotenoides, fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante em sucos de frutas comercializados em diferentes embalagens. Foram avaliados sucos industrializados dos sabores goiaba e uva de duas marcas (marca A: embalagem plástica e tetrapak; marca B: embalagem em lata, vidro e tetrapak). Os teores de AA e carotenoides foram determinados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). A atividade antioxidante foi avaliada pelo teste de DPPH e fenólicos totais foram determinados utilizando o reagente de Folin-Ciocalteau. O suco de goiaba da marca A em embalagem tetrapak apresentou maiores teores de licopeno (2,01 ± 1,61 mg/100 mL), enquanto o suco da marca B apresentou maiores teores de AA (22,1 ± 2,0 mg/100 mL) e β-caroteno (4,09 ± 0,54 mg/100 mL). Para ambos os sabores, os sucos da marca B obtiveram os maiores valores de atividade antioxidante e de fenólicos totais, sendo que para o sabor goiaba os maiores valores foram encontrados em embalagem de vidro, enquanto que para o sabor uva obtiveram-se maiores valores em embalagem tetrapak. Observou-se que diferentes marcas de sucos apresentaram diferentes conteúdos dos componentes avaliados e que a embalagem tem grande influencia no valor nutricional dos sucos, sendo a embalagem tetrapak a que apresentou os melhores resultados.(AU)

We armed to determine the content of ascorbic acid (AA), carotenoids, total phenolics and antioxidant activity in fruit juices sold in different packaging. We evaluated industrialized juices of guava and grape flavors of two hands (brand A: tetrapak and plastic packaging, brand B: tin, glass and tetrapak.) The levels of AA and carotenoids were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. (HPLC). The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH packaging showed higher levels of lycopene (2.01 + 1.61mg/100mL). For both flavors juice of brand B-had the highest valuers of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds, and for the guava flavor, the highest values were found in glass packaging while for the grape flavor, we obrained higher values on tetrapack packaging. It was observed that different brands had different contents of the components evaluated and that the packaging has great influence on the nutritional value of juice, with the tretapack packaging showing the best result.(AU)

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The objective of this study was to optimize a method to investigate the occurrence and to quantify the full isomeric composition of vitamin E (α-, ß-, γ- and δ-tocopherols and tocotrienols) in 6 vegetables (raw and cooked), 3 herbs/spices, raw and cooked eggs, vegetable oils (canola, olive and soybean), flaxseed and sorghum (flour and seeds) and soy (flour) by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Different conditions of extraction and analysis were tested. The optimized method consisted of direct extraction with solvent (hexane:ethyl acetate, 85:15, v/v). For analysis normal phase column was used with mobile phase consisting of hexane:isopropanol:acetic acid (98.9:0.6:0.5) with isocratic elution and fluorescence detection. Excellent separation of all isomers was obtained along with adequate quantification in the foods analyzed. Recovery rates of standards ranged from 91.3 to 99.4%. The linearity range for each isomer varied from 2.5 to 137.5 ng/mL (R² greater than 0.995 in all cases). Detection limits ranged from 21.0 to 48.0 ng/mL for tocopherols and from 56.0 to 67.0 ng/mL for tocotrienols, while quantification limits ranged from 105.0 to 240.0 ng/mL for tocopherols and from 280.0 to 335.0 ng/mL for tocotrienols. The optimized method was considered simple, fast and reliable, and also preserved vitamin E isomers when compared to validated methods involving saponification.

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A manga Ubá é uma fruta de custo reduzido, amplamente cultivada na Zona da Mata Mineira e muito apreciada pelos consumidores. Com o objetivo de avaliar o conteúdo de antioxidantes naturais ao longo do amadurecimento da fruta, este trabalho quantificou o conteúdo de β-caroteno e vitamina C total (ácido ascórbico-AA e ácido desidroascórbico-ADA) na fruta in natura em três estádios de maturação: verde, parcialmente madura e madura. As análises foram feitas por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE). O conteúdo médio de β-caroteno foi maior na manga madura, seguido pela manga parcialmente madura e manga verde. Para AA e vitamina C total, ao contrário, observou-se maior conteúdo na manga verde, seguido pela fruta parcialmente madura e menor conteúdo na manga verde. Para ADA não foi observada diferença entre os estádios de maturação. A manga Ubá apresentou-se como uma excelente fonte de antioxidantes naturais, com teores de β-caroteno e vitamina C superiores aos comumente encontrados em outras variedades de manga, o que pode contribuir para atender boa parte das necessidades diárias de vitaminas A e C.(AU)

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A manga Ubá é uma fruta de custo reduzido, amplamente cultivada na Zona da Mata Mineira e muito apreciada pelos consumidores. Com o objetivo de avaliar o conteúdo de antioxidantes naturais ao longo do amadurecimento da fruta, este trabalho quantificou o conteúdo de β-caroteno e vitamina C total (ácido ascórbico-AA e ácido desidroascórbico-ADA) na fruta in natura em três estádios de maturação: verde, parcialmente madura e madura. As análises foram feitas por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE). O conteúdo médio de β-caroteno foi maior na manga madura, seguido pela manga parcialmente madura e manga verde. Para AA e vitamina C total, ao contrário, observou-se maior conteúdo na manga verde, seguido pela fruta parcialmente madura e menor conteúdo na manga verde. Para ADA não foi observada diferença entre os estádios de maturação. A manga Ubá apresentou-se como uma excelente fonte de antioxidantes naturais, com teores de β-caroteno e vitamina C superiores aos comumente encontrados em outras variedades de manga, o que pode contribuir para atender boa parte das necessidades diárias de vitaminas A e C.

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Investigou-se o teor de alfa e beta-caroteno e avaliou-se o valor provitamínico A de cinco hortaliças, servidas cruas e/ou submetidas à cocção, em três Unidades Produtoras de Refeições (UPR) Comerciais, localizadas em Viçoza, MG. Abóbora-moranga e vagem foram analisadas na forma cozida, tomate e pimentão na forma crua, e cenoura, em ambas as formas. Os carotenoides foram analisados por Cromatografia a Líquido de Alta Eficiência (CLAE). O alfa-caroteno não foi encontrado em tomate e não foi quantificado em abóbora-moranga, pimentão e vagem (teores abaixo do limite de detecção do método). Cenoura crua ralada foi a hortaliça que apresentou o maior teor de alfa0caroteno (123,74mg/100 g, base sólidos insolúveis). O beta-caroteno foi detectado em todas as hortaliças analisadas, sendo a cenoura cozida em forma de bastão a hortaliça mais rica nesse componente (223,14 mg/100g, base sólidos insolúveis) e a vagem cozida em rodela a hortaliça com teor mais reduzido (5,60 mg/100g, base sólidos insolúveis). Não houve diferença estatísticamente significativa (alfa=5 por cento0 nos teores de alfa e beta-caroteno para abóbora-moranga, cenoura, pimentão e vagem preparados em diferentes formas nos restaurantees estudados. Por outro lado, o teor de beta-caroteno em tomate fatiado em rodelas foi significativamente supeior àquele encontrado em tomates fatiados na forma de cubos nos tres restaurantes estudados, mostrando que esse tipo de fatiamento preserva melhor esse carotenoide. Com relação ao valor de vitamina A obteve-se perfil similar aos resultados encontrados para beta-caroteno, uma vez que esse foi o principal carotenoide provitamínico A encontrado nas hortaliças.

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Objetivou-se avaliar procedimentos de manipulação visando o controle de perdas de β-caroteno e licopeno em couve e tomate preparados em uma Unidade de Alimentação e Nutrição (UAN) hospitalar. Os critérios adotados não utilizados previamente pela UAN foram: armazenamento por 24 h sob refrigeração (10°C), sanitização por 15 min e distribuição logo após o preparo. As hortaliças foram coletadas após a recepção e depois de cada etapa de manipulação. A análise foi realizada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE), usando como fase móvel metanol, acetato de etila e acetonitrila (50:40:10). A ANOVA (α = 0,05) foi utilizada para detecção de diferenças significativas. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas quanto ao conteúdo dos componentes entre as etapas de manipulação, mas houve redução importante das taxas de retenção. Para β-caroteno em couve, verificou-se retenção de 68,2 por cento após 60 minutos de exposição para consumo, enquanto em tomate, 91,96 por cento do conteúdo desse composto foi preservado após 120 minutos de espera até a distribuição. Não foi observada redução importante na taxa de retenção de licopeno. Os procedimentos avaliados na UAN hospitalar contribuíram para controlar as perdas de carotenóides nas hortaliças, pois sua retenção foi elevada, sendo sugerida sua adoção em outras UAN.

The aim of this study was to assess the handling procedures of kale and tomatoes in a hospital foodservice (HFS) in order to control loss of β-carotene and licopene. The adopted measures, up to then not used by the HFS, were: 24-h storage under refrigeration (10°C), hygienizing for 15 min and distribution immediately after preparation. Vegetable samples were collected after reception and after each stage of manipulation in the HFS. The samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a mobile phase of methanol, ethyl acetate and acetonitrile (50:40:10). ANOVA (α = 0.05) was used to detect significant differences. No significant differences in the content of the components were found between the different stages of manipulation but there was an important decrease in the retention rates. In kale a retention rate of 68.2 percent for β-carotene was verified 60 minutes after preparation whereas in tomatoes 91.96 percent of this compound were preserved for 120 minutes after preparation. No important decrease was observed in the retention of licopene. The high retention rates showed that the evaluated procedures contributed to control the loss of carentoids in vegetables and therefore these measures should be adopted in other HFS.

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The aim of this study was to assess the handling procedures of kale and tomatoes in a hospital foodservice (HFS) in order to control loss of beta-carotene and licopene. The adopted measures, up to then not used by the HFS, were: 24-h storage under refrigeration (10 degrees C), hygienizing for 15 min and distribution immediately after preparation. Vegetable samples were collected after reception and after each stage of manipulation in the HFS. The samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a mobile phase of methanol, ethyl acetate and acetonitrile (50:40:10). ANOVA (alpha = 0.05) was used to detect significant differences. No significant differences in the content of the components were found between the different stages of manipulation but there was an important decrease in the retention rates. In kale a retention rate of 68.2% for beta-carotene was verified 60 minutes after preparation whereas in tomatoes 91.96% of this compound were preserved for 120 minutes after preparation. No important decrease was observed in the retention of licopene. The high retention rates showed that the evaluated procedures contributed to control the loss of carentoids in vegetables and therefore these measures should be adopted in other HFS.

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