RESUMO
HONO is a critical precursor of â¢OH, but its sources are controversial due to its complex formation mechanism. This study conducted comprehensive observations in Zhengzhou from April 26 to May 11, 2022. Low NOx concentrations were observed during the Covid epidemic period (EP) (10.4 ± 3.0 ppb), compared to the pre-epidemic period (PEP) (12.5 ± 3.8 ppb). The mean HONO concentration during EP (0.53 ± 0.34 ppb) was 0.09 ppb lower than that during PEP (0.62 ± 0.53 ppb). The decrease in HONO concentration during EP came mainly at night due to the reduction in the direct emission (Pemi) (0.03 ppb/hr), the homogeneous reaction between â¢OH and NO (POH+NO) (0.02 ppb/hr), and the heterogeneous conversion of NO2 on the ground (0.01 ppb/hr). Notably, there was no significant change in daytime HONO concentration. The daytime HONO budget indicated that the primary HONO sources during PEP were the nitrate photolysis (Pnitrate), followed by the POH+NO, Pemi, the photo-enhanced reaction of NO2 on the ground (Pground+hv) and aerosol surface (Paerosol+hv). The primary HONO sources were Pnitrate, POH+NO, Pemi, and Paerosol+hv during EP, respectively. The missing source has a high correlation with solar radiation, there might be other photo-related HONO sources or the contributions of photosensitized reactions were underestimated. In the extremely underestimated cases, HONO production rates from the Pnitrate, Pground+hv, and Paerosol+hv increased by 0.17, 0.10, and 0.10 ppb/hr during PEP, 0.23, 0.13, and 0.16 ppb/hr during EP, and Pnitrate was still the primary source during both PEP and EP.
Assuntos
Poluentes Atmosféricos , COVID-19 , COVID-19/epidemiologia , China/epidemiologia , Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , SARS-CoV-2 , Pandemias , Cidades , HumanosRESUMO
Growing evidences showed that heavy metals exposure may be associated with metabolic diseases. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying arsenic (As) exposure and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk has not been fully elucidated. So we aimed to prospectively investigate the role of serum uric acid (SUA) on the association between blood As exposure and incident MetS. A sample of 1045 older participants in a community in China was analyzed. We determined As at baseline and SUA concentration at follow-up in the Yiwu Elderly Cohort. MetS events were defined according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Generalized linear model with log-binominal regression model was applied to estimate the association of As with incident MetS. To investigate the role of SUA in the association between As and MetS, a mediation analysis was conducted. In the fully adjusted log-binominal model, per interquartile range increment of As, the risk of MetS increased 1.25-fold. Compared with the lowest quartile of As, the adjusted relative risk (RR) of MetS in the highest quartile was 1.42 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.03, 2.00). Additionally, blood As was positively associated with SUA, while SUA had significant association with MetS risk. Further mediation analysis demonstrated that the association of As and MetS risk was mediated by SUA, with the proportion of 15.7%. Our study found higher As was remarkably associated with the elevated risk of MetS in the Chinese older adults population. Mediation analysis indicated that SUA might be a mediator in the association between As exposure and MetS.
Assuntos
Arsênio , Exposição Ambiental , Síndrome Metabólica , Ácido Úrico , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Arsênio/sangue , Arsênio/toxicidade , China/epidemiologia , População do Leste Asiático , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/induzido quimicamente , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Ácido Úrico/sangueRESUMO
Background: Eating while watching TV was found associated with unhealthy food preferences and obesity in adolescents in foreign studies, which is not clear in China. The study aims to explore the influence of eating while watching TV on food preferences and overweight/obesity in Chinese adolescents. Methods: Data from 1768 adolescents (aged 12-17 years) in the 2006, 2009, 2011, and 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was analyzed. The height and weight were measured. Mixed effect models were used to identify the associations between eating while watching TV and adolescents' food preferences and overweight/obesity. Results: Adolescents eating while watching TV ≥1 time/week were more likely to prefer fast food, salty snacks and soft drinks than those eating while watching TV <1 time/week. Adolescents eating meals while watching TV ≥1 time/week were less likely to prefer vegetables than those eating meals while watching TV <1 time/week. In addition, adolescents eating snacks while watching TV ≥1 time/week were more likely to be overweight/obesity than those eating meals while watching TV <1 time/week (odds ratio [OR] = 7.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39-36.93). Conclusion: Eating snacks while watching TV was positively associated with adolescents' unhealthy food preferences and overweight/obesity. Eating meals while watching TV was associated with adolescents' unhealthy food preferences. Implementing web-based Community-based participatory research (CBPR) about reducing eating while watching TV may be a practical strategy to develop healthy food preferences and prevent overweight/obesity in Chinese adolescents.
Assuntos
Preferências Alimentares , Obesidade Infantil , Televisão , Humanos , Adolescente , China/epidemiologia , Masculino , Feminino , Preferências Alimentares/psicologia , Televisão/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Estudos Longitudinais , Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Comportamento Alimentar , Sobrepeso/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Background: Anxiety and depression are two of the most common comorbidities of COPD, which can directly lead to the number of acute exacerbations and hospitalizations of COPD patients and reduce their quality of life. At present, there are many studies on anxiety and depression in stable COPD, but few studies on anxiety and depression in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients. Objective: We aim to explore the changes of serum metabolomics in AECOPD complicated with anxiety and depression and to provide some clues for further understanding its pathogenesis. Methods: This is an observational high-throughput experimental study based on retrospective data extraction. Twenty-one AECOPD with anxiety and depressive patients and 17 healthy controls (HCs) were retrospectively enrolled in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) for anxiety and depression were used to assess the patients with AECOPD. Untargeted metabolomics analysis was carried out to investigate different molecules in the serum of all participants. General information of all participants, baseline data and clinical measurement data of AECOPD patients were collected. Statistical analysis and bioinformatics analysis were performed to reveal different metabolites and perturbed metabolic pathways. Results: A total of 724 metabolites in positive ionization mode and 555 metabolites in negative ionization mode were different in AECOPD patients with anxiety and depression. The 1,279 serum metabolites could be divided into 77 categories. Based on multivariate and univariate analysis, 74 metabolites were detected in positive ionization mode, and 60 metabolites were detected in negative ionization as differential metabolites. The 134 metabolites were enriched in 18 pathways, including biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, aldosterone synthesis and secretion, protein digestion and absorption, ovarian steroidogenesis, long-term depression, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, and so on. Conclusion: This work highlights the key metabolites and metabolic pathways disturbed in AECOPD patients with anxiety and depression. These findings support the use of metabolomics to understand the pathogenic mechanisms involved in AECOPD patients with anxiety and depression.
Assuntos
Ansiedade , Biomarcadores , Depressão , Metabolômica , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Humanos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/sangue , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/psicologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/diagnóstico , Feminino , Masculino , Depressão/sangue , Depressão/psicologia , Depressão/diagnóstico , Depressão/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/sangue , Ansiedade/psicologia , Ansiedade/diagnóstico , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Biomarcadores/sangue , Redes e Vias Metabólicas , China/epidemiologia , Progressão da Doença , MetabolomaRESUMO
Distrust in science has been linked to scepticism over vaccines and climate change. Using data from nationally representative surveys administered in eight key countries for global efforts to mitigate climate change and COVID-19 (Australia, Brazil, China, India, Japan, South Africa, the UK and US), we find that distrust in scientists was an important predictor variable for most sceptics, who were sceptical of one issue but not both, in February 2021, when most countries had experienced their first wave of the pandemic. However, the association was significantly weaker among the segment of hardcore sceptics who were both climate sceptics and antivaxxers. We demonstrate that these individuals tended to possess many of the typical sceptic characteristics such as high distrust in social institutions and rightward political orientation, which are (collectively) suggestive of an underlying sceptic mindset rather than a specific distrust of scientists. Our results suggest that different types of sceptics necessitate different strategies to dispel scepticism.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Mudança Climática , Opinião Pública , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Confiança/psicologia , Atitude , SARS-CoV-2/isolamento & purificação , China/epidemiologia , Austrália , Feminino , Masculino , Pandemias , Brasil , Índia/epidemiologia , Japão , África do Sul/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Objective: This study analyzed the prevalence, epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of birth defects among livebirths in central China, aiming to provide evidences for the prevention of birth defects and government Decision-makings. Methods: Birth data from China's Hubei Province between 2015 and 2022 were collected, including basic information of the livebirths, the mothers and the fathers, as well as information about delivery and each prenatal examination. The livebirths prevalence of birth defects was calculated and the trends were mapped. The basic characteristics of birth defects were evaluated by the difference analysis between case and health groups. Univariate and multivariate Poisson regression was performed to examine the independent risk factors for birth defects. Results: Among 43,568 livebirths, 166 livebirths were born with birth defects, resulted in a total prevalence rate of 3.81 per 1,000 livebirths, showing a remarkable uptrend from 0.41per 1,000 livebirths in 2015 to 9.23 per 1,000 livebirths in 2022. The peak of the prevalence was in January and February. Congenital malformation of the musculoskeletal system was the main type of birth defect in central China livebirths, followed by cleft lip and cleft palate. Overall, newborns with birth defect had significantly earlier delivery gestational age, poorer health and higher proportion of infants with low birth weight than healthy births. The gender of livebirths, excess weight at delivery (≥80 kg) of mothers, more than 2 times of gravidity or parity of mothers, and advanced paternal age (≥40 years) were independent risk factors for birth defects (or specific birth defects). Conclusion: The livebirths prevalence of birth defects shows increasing trend in central China, which deserves the attention of the government and would-be parents. Elevated paternal age, excess maternal weight, gravidity and parity should be considered when planning their families.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Congênitas , Nascido Vivo , Humanos , China/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Congênitas/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Feminino , Masculino , Recém-Nascido , Nascido Vivo/epidemiologia , Gravidez , AdultoRESUMO
Introduction: The rapid development of urbanization has brought about changes in residents' living environment and behavior, leading to health challenges such as hypertension. An improvement in the built-up environment in the community could contribute to the construction of a healthy city, promote the active life of the residents, and prevent and relieve hypertension. However, there is little research on the relationship between the built environment of the community and hypertension. This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the relationship between communities' built environment, health behavior, and hypertension grade of residents in Yuhui District of Bengbu City. Methods: This study is based on data from the 2022 Health Survey of Residents in 21 communities. To investigate the impact of the community's built environment on residents' hypertension and the underlying mechanisms, regression and structural equation modeling were employed. Results and discussion: The results show that the built environment of urban communities has a significant impact on the residents' hypertension. The presence of high densities of supermarkets, convenience stores, parks and plazas, but low densities of clinics and hospitals, has been identified as a significant risk factor for the development of high blood pressure among the residents. Nevertheless, the adoption of healthy behaviors, including regular walking, physical activity, and a diet rich in fruit and vegetables, can play an important role in reducing the risk of hypertension. The findings of this study show that enhancements to the built environment in urban neighborhoods could contribute to a reduction in the prevalence of hypertension among residents. Furthermore, the implementation of efficacious health interventions in urban settings would facilitate the alteration of residents' health behaviors and enhance their overall health status.
Assuntos
Ambiente Construído , Hipertensão , Humanos , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Ambiente Construído/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Fatores de Risco , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Idoso , População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Cidades , Planejamento Ambiental , Características de Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Exercício FísicoRESUMO
Organ transplant recipients with hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection bears high risk to develop chronic hepatitis, which is generally associated with immunosuppressive therapies. This study aimed to identify the incidence and predictors of de novo HEV infection in patients after receiving transplantation. We performed a large retrospective study to investigate the prevalence of anti-HEV at baseline, incidence of de novo HEV infection after transplantation, and the risk factors of HEV infection among patients with liver transplant in China. A total of 407 liver transplant recipients were examined for the presence of anti-HEV immunoglobulin G, IgM antibodies, and HEV RNA in serum. Basal indexes in individuals with evidence of post-transplant HEV infection were compared with those without evidence of that, and risk factors associated with HEV infection were assessed. The prevalence of anti-HEV at pretransplant in liver transplant recipients was 25.8% (105/407). Serum-negative conversion occurred in 34 (32.38%) of 105 liver transplant patients. Sixty-five out of 302 patients had de novo HEV infection after transplantation, with a cumulative incidence of 42.74% during follow-up. After transplantation, HEV infection was associated with liver failure (p = 0.012), hypoproteinemia (p = 0.030) and higher level of r-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (p = 0.022) before transplantation. Graft rejection (OR = 0.075; p = 0.045) was negatively associated with serum-negative conversion in patients who had positive anti-HEV antibody before transplantation. The incidence of de novo HEV infection after transplantation were higher in China. Liver failure, hypoproteinemia, and GGT elevation may be associated with HEV infection after liver transplantation. This study suggests that prevention and control of HEV infection after liver transplantation should be paid attention in patients bearing these risk factors.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite , Vírus da Hepatite E , Hepatite E , Imunoglobulina M , Transplante de Fígado , Humanos , Hepatite E/epidemiologia , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Feminino , Fatores de Risco , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Incidência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto , China/epidemiologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite/sangue , Vírus da Hepatite E/imunologia , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , RNA Viral/sangue , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Transplantados/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem , Idoso , Adolescente , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Proteinuria is a biomarker of kidney injury that typically results from glomerular and/or tubulointerstitial disease. Whereas kidney impairment with normal urinary protein excretion is usually less focused and understudied. We conducted a retrospective review of the renal histopathology of the patients with variable degrees of unexplained renal insufficiency but with normal range proteinuria between 2014 and 2024 of three university teaching hospitals in Shenzhen city of Southern China. Patients with kidney dysfunction of undetermined or uncertain etiology and with normal urinary protein excretion (defined by a 24hr urinary protein excretion < 150 mg or spot urinary protein to creatinine ratio [PCR] < 150 mg/g) were enrolled and analyzed. In a total of 2405 patients, 53 (2.2%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria (male/female 40/13, age 47.3 ± 14.3 years) with a mean eGFR of 46.6 ± 16.8 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Glomerular disease (GD) was the most frequent pathological finding identified in 23 (43.4%) patients, while 19 (35.8%) cases showed tubulointerstitial disease (TID) and 11 (20.8%) patients exhibited small vascular disease (SVD). Patients in the TID had the lowest mean eGFR and the highest numerical 24hr urinary protein excretion among the three groups. The incidence of acute kidney injury was significantly higher in TID than in other two groups. The patients in the SVD group had the highest fraction of underlying hypertension. Kidney dysfunction with normal range proteinuria may be related with, in descending order of probablity, glomerular, tubulointerstitial and small vascular diseases. Renal biopsies were proved useful in informing therapeutic choice, long-term management and in predicting prognosis in this setting.
Assuntos
Rim , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Estudos Retrospectivos , China/epidemiologia , Rim/patologia , Proteinúria , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Injúria Renal Aguda/patologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , IdosoRESUMO
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which has distinct genetic abnormalities, has unique clinical and biological features. In this study, the incidence, clinical characteristics, induction treatment response, and outcomes of a large cohort of Chinese AML pediatric patients treated according to the BCH-AML 2005 protocol were analyzed. RUNX1-RUNX1T1 was the most common fusion transcript, followed by the CBFß-MHY11 and KMT2A rearrangements. FLT3-ITD and KIT mutations are associated with unfavorable clinical features and induction responses, along with KMT2A rearrangements, DEK-NUP214, and CBF-AML. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates of our cohort were 53.9 ± 3.7% and 58.5 ± 3.6%, with the best survival found among patients with CBFß-MYH11 and the worst survival among those with DEK-NUP214. In addition, we found that patients with FLT3-ITD mutation had adverse outcomes and that KIT mutation had a negative impact on OS in RUNX1-RUNX1T1+ patients. Furthermore, the risk classification and response to treatment after each induction block also influenced the prognosis, and HSCT after first remission could improve OS in high-risk patients. Not achieving complete remission after induction 2 was found to be an independent prognostic factor for OS and EFS. These findings indicate that genetic abnormalities could be considered stratification factors, predict patient outcomes, and imply the application of targeted therapy.
Assuntos
Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/mortalidade , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/terapia , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Pré-Escolar , China/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Lactente , Estudos de Coortes , Mutação , Proteínas de Fusão Oncogênica/genética , Resultado do Tratamento , PrognósticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Pressure injury (PI) is a significant health concern among older inpatients, particularly in regions with diverse ethnic populations. Understanding the epidemiological characteristics and preventive measures is crucial for improving patient outcomes. PURPOSE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, prevention status, and influencing factors of pressure injury (PI) in older inpatients of Zhuang and Han nationality in Guangxi, China. METHODS: A total of 2206 inpatients age 60 years or older in 2 class III grade A general hospitals in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region between April 1, 2021, and May 27, 2021, were included in this cross-sectional study. Epidemiological characteristics-including age, sex, educational background, race, ethnicity, and hospitalization information-were collected using a general information questionnaire designed by the researchers. The PI risk factors were evaluated using the Braden Scale. Prevention status was assessed using the Epidemiology and Prevention Skin Injuries in the Elderly Scale and Skin Injury Survey Scale. RESULTS: Of the total 2206 patients included in the study, 555 (25.16%) were of Zhuang nationality and 1651 (74.84%) were of Han nationality. The overall PI incidence was 2.58%, with PI prevalence of 1.80% and 2.85% in Zhuang and Han patients, respectively. The main influencing factor for PI in Zhuang patients was caregivers (P < .05), whereas in Han patients the main influencing factors were urinary conditions, Alzheimer disease, sedatives, and antihypertensive drugs (P < .05). CONCLUSION: The PI prevalence rates were similar in both ethnic groups. Health care staff in high-risk departments for PI must remain vigilant and take appropriate action.
Assuntos
Etnicidade , Pacientes Internados , Úlcera por Pressão , Humanos , Úlcera por Pressão/prevenção & controle , Úlcera por Pressão/epidemiologia , Úlcera por Pressão/etnologia , Estudos Transversais , China/epidemiologia , China/etnologia , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Etnicidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Risco , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pacientes Internados/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Prevalência , IncidênciaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The impact of dynamic changes in the degree of atherosclerosis on the development of prediabetes remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between cumulative atherogenic index of plasma (CumAIP) exposure during follow-up and the development of prediabetes in middle-aged and elderly individuals. METHODS: A total of 2,939 prediabetic participants from the first wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. The outcomes for these patients, including progression to diabetes and regression to normal fasting glucose (NFG), were determined using data from the third wave. CumAIP was calculated as the ratio of the average AIP values measured during the first and third waves to the total exposure duration. The association between CumAIP and the development of prediabetes was analyzed using multivariable Cox regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. RESULTS: During a median follow-up period of 3 years, 15.21% of prediabetic patients progressed to diabetes, and 22.12% regressed to NFG. Among the groups categorized by CumAIP quartiles, the proportion of prediabetes progressing to diabetes gradually increased (Q1: 10.61%, Q2: 13.62%, Q3: 15.65%, Q4: 20.95%), while the proportion regressing to NFG gradually decreased (Q1: 23.54%, Q2: 23.71%, Q3: 22.18%, Q4: 19.05%). Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression showed a significant positive linear correlation between high CumAIP exposure and prediabetes progression, and a significant negative linear correlation with prediabetes regression. Furthermore, in a stratified analysis, it was found that compared to married individuals, those who were unmarried (including separated, divorced, widowed, or never married) had a relatively higher risk of CumAIP-related diabetes. CONCLUSION: CumAIP is closely associated with the development of prediabetes. High CumAIP exposure not only increases the risk of prediabetes progression but also hinders its regression within a certain range. These findings suggest that monitoring and maintaining appropriate AIP levels may help prevent the deterioration of blood glucose levels.
Assuntos
Aterosclerose , Biomarcadores , Glicemia , Progressão da Doença , Estado Pré-Diabético , Humanos , Estado Pré-Diabético/sangue , Estado Pré-Diabético/diagnóstico , Estado Pré-Diabético/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Feminino , China/epidemiologia , Idoso , Fatores de Risco , Glicemia/metabolismo , Medição de Risco , Biomarcadores/sangue , Fatores de Tempo , Estudos Longitudinais , Aterosclerose/sangue , Aterosclerose/epidemiologia , Aterosclerose/diagnóstico , Fatores Etários , PrognósticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Sialidosis type 1 (ST-1) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation in the NEU1 gene. However, limited reports on ST-1 patients in the Chinese mainland are available. METHODS: This study reported the genetic and clinical characteristics of 10 ST-1 patients from southeastern China. A haplotype analysis was performed using 21 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers of 500 kb flanking the recurrent c.544 A > G in 8 families harboring the mutation. Furthermore, this study summarized and compared previously reported ST-1 patients from Taiwan and mainland China. RESULTS: Five mutations within NEU1 were found, including two novel ones c.557 A > G and c.799 C > T. The c.544 A > G mutation was most frequent and identified in 9 patients, 6 patients were homozygous for c.544 A > G. Haplotype analysis revealed a shared haplotype surrounding c.544 A > G was identified, suggesting a founder effect presenting in southeast Chinese population. Through detailed assessment, 52 ST-1 patients from 45 families from Taiwan and mainland China were included. Homozygous c.544 A > G was the most common genotype and found in 42.2% of the families, followed by the c.544 A > G/c.239 C > T compound genotype, which was observed in 22.2% of the families. ST-1 patients with the homozygous c.544 A > G mutation developed the disease at a later age and had a lower incidence of cherry-red spots significantly. CONCLUSION: The results contribute to gaps in the clinical and genetic features of ST-1 patients in southeastern mainland China and provide a deeper understanding of this disease to reduce misdiagnosis.
Assuntos
Efeito Fundador , Mucolipidoses , Humanos , Mucolipidoses/genética , Masculino , Feminino , China/epidemiologia , Haplótipos/genética , Pré-Escolar , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Neuraminidase/genética , Criança , Mutação/genética , Genótipo , Lactente , Estudos de Associação Genética , Povo Asiático/genética , Adolescente , População do Leste AsiáticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The incidence of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG)-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) is steadily increasing in China, becoming the second leading cause of AP. Clinical complications and outcomes associated with HTG-AP are generally more severe than those seen in AP caused by other etiologies. HTG-AP is closely linked to metabolic dysfunction and frequently coexists with metabolic syndrome or its components. However, the impact of metabolic syndrome components on HTG-AP clinical outcomes remains unclear. AIM: To investigate the impact of metabolic syndrome component burden on clinical outcomes in HTG-AP. METHODS: In this retrospective study of 255 patients diagnosed with HTG-AP at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, we collected data on patient demographics, clinical scores, complications, and clinical outcomes. Subsequently, we analyzed the influence of the presence and number of individual metabolic syndrome components, including obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), on the aforementioned parameters in HTG-AP patients. RESULTS: This study found that metabolic syndrome components were associated with an increased risk of various complications in HTG-AP, with low HDL-C being the most significant risk factor for clinical outcomes. The risk of complications increased with the number of metabolic syndrome components. Adjusted for age and sex, patients with high-component metabolic syndrome had significantly higher risks of renal failure [odds ratio (OR) = 3.02, 95%CI: 1.12-8.11)], SAP (OR = 5.05, 95%CI: 2.04-12.49), and intensive care unit admission (OR = 6.41, 95%CI: 2.42-16.97) compared to those without metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION: The coexistence of multiple metabolic syndrome components can synergistically worsen the clinical course of HTG-AP, making it crucial to monitor these components for effective disease management.
Assuntos
Hipertrigliceridemia , Síndrome Metabólica , Pancreatite , Humanos , Hipertrigliceridemia/complicações , Hipertrigliceridemia/sangue , Masculino , Feminino , Síndrome Metabólica/complicações , Síndrome Metabólica/diagnóstico , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pancreatite/diagnóstico , Pancreatite/complicações , Pancreatite/etiologia , Pancreatite/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Fatores de Risco , China/epidemiologia , Obesidade/complicações , Doença Aguda , Incidência , Hiperglicemia/sangue , Hiperglicemia/complicações , Hiperglicemia/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Hipertensão/complicações , Idoso , HDL-Colesterol/sangueRESUMO
Objectives: Cancer screening aims to detect and treat malignant lesions at an early stage and to prolong patients' lifetime. There is still a lack of effective cancer screening programs in China. We initiated a screening project in 2018 and this study presented the cancer screening status in China. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in one cancer-care medical center of China. The screening program included routine blood tests, plasma tumor markers, gastric endoscopy, colonoscopy, ultrasound, and computed tomography (CT) scans. Screening results were presented as sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values (PPVs). Results: Twenty-three (1.46%) out of 1,576 participants were eventually diagnosed with malignant tumors or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN). A family history of malignancy (78.26% in diagnosed cancer and HGIN vs. 46.36% in the others) was the only statistically significant parameter associated with cancer detection (p = 0.002). None of the common tumor markers were associated with the cancers screened. Except for colonoscopy (50.00%) and ultrasound for renal cancer (66.67%), the sensitivities of most screening methods were 100%. The specificities of all the screening means were above 96%. Most PPVs ranged from 30-60%. Conclusion: We emphasized risk stratification for early cancer screening, such as a family history of cancer. The survey illustrated that gastric endoscopy, colonoscopy, ultrasound, and lung CT for early cancer screening had high specificity, reasonable sensitivity, and PPV. We anticipated this report would motivate larger-sample studies to estimate the risk-to-benefit ratio of cancer screening and urge the establishment of a native Chinese screening project and even guidelines.
Assuntos
Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Humanos , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/métodos , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Idoso , Adulto , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Neoplasias/diagnóstico por imagem , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Colonoscopia/estatística & dados numéricos , Ultrassonografia/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: In the Asian population, SOD1 variants are the most common cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To date, more than 200 variants have been reported in SOD1. This study aimed to summarize the genotype-phenotype correlation and determine whether the patients carrying common variants derive from a common ancestor. METHODS: A total of 103 sporadic ALS (SALS) and 11 familial ALS (FALS) probands were included and variants were screened by whole exome sequencing. Functional analyses were performed on fibroblasts derived from patients with SOD1 p.V48A and control. Haplotype analysis was performed in the probands with p.H47R or p.V48A and their familial members. RESULTS: A total of 25 SOD1 variants were identified in 44 probands, in which p.H47R, p.V48A and p.C112Y variants were the most common variants. 94.3% and 60% of patients with p.H47R or p.V48A had lower limb onset with predominant lower motor neurons (LMNs) involvement. Patients with p.H47R had a slow progression and prolonged survival time, while patients with p.V48A exhibited a duration of 2-5 years. Patients with p.C112Y variant showed remarkable phenotypic variation in age at onset and disease course. SOD1V48A fibroblasts showed mutant SOD1 aggregate formation, enhanced intracellular reactive oxygen species level, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential compared to the control fibroblast. Haplotype analysis showed that seven families had two different haplotypes. p.H47R and p.V48A variants did not originate from a common founder. CONCLUSIONS: Our study expanded the understanding of the genotype-phenotype correlation of ALS with SOD1 variants and revealed that the common p.H47R or p.V48A variant did not have a founder effect.
In our ALS cohort, 44 ALS probands were identified with 25 SOD1 variants, of which p.H47R, p.V48A and p.C112Y variants were the most frequent. The genotypephenotype relationship of patients with SOD1 p.H47R, p.V48A and p.C112Y patients were summarized.SOD1V48A fibroblasts showed mutant SOD1 aggregate formation, enhanced intracellular reactive oxygen species level, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential compared to the control fibroblast.Our study expanded the understanding of the genotypephenotype correlation of ALS with SOD1 variants and showed the common variants p.H47R or p.V48A did not have a founder effect.
Assuntos
Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica , Povo Asiático , Efeito Fundador , Haplótipos , Superóxido Dismutase-1 , Humanos , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/genética , Superóxido Dismutase-1/genética , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Povo Asiático/genética , Adulto , Idoso , China/epidemiologia , Sequenciamento do Exoma , Estudos de Associação Genética , Mutação , Idade de Início , Fenótipo , População do Leste AsiáticoRESUMO
Diarrhea caused by zoonotic pathogens is one of the most common diseases in dairy calves, threatening the health of young animals. Humans are also at risk, in particular children. To explore the pathogens causing diarrhea in dairy calves, the present study applied PCR-based sequencing tools to investigate the occurrence and molecular characteristics of three parasites (Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi) and three bacterial pathogens (Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and Salmonella spp.) in 343 fecal samples of diarrheic dairy calves from five farms in Lingwu County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. The total positive rate of these pathogens in diarrheic dairy calves was 91.0% (312/343; 95% CI, 87.9-94.0), with C. perfringens (61.5%, 211/343; 95% CI, 56.3-66.7) being the dominant one. Co-infection with two to five pathogens was found in 67.3% (231/343; 95% CI, 62.4-72.3) of investigated samples. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the positive rates of Cryptosporidium spp. and diarrheagenic E. coli among farms, age groups, and seasons. Two Cryptosporidium species (C. parvum and C. bovis) and five gp60 subtypes of C. parvum (IIdA15G1, IIdA20G1, IIdA19G1, IIdA14G1, and a novel IIdA13G1) were identified. Two assemblages (assemblage E and zoonotic assemblage A) of G. duodenalis and six ITS genotypes of E. bieneusi (J, Henan-IV, EbpC, I, EbpA, and ESH-01) were observed. Four virulence genes (eaeA, stx1, stx2, and st) of diarrheagenic E. coli and one toxin type (type A) of C. perfringens were detected. Our study enriches our knowledge on the characteristics and zoonotic potential of diarrhea-related pathogens in dairy calves.
Title: Caractérisation moléculaire des protozoaires parasites zoonotiques courants et des bactéries responsables de diarrhée chez les veaux laitiers dans la région autonome Hui du Ningxia, en Chine. Abstract: La diarrhée causée par des agents pathogènes zoonotiques est l'une des maladies les plus courantes chez les veaux laitiers, menaçant la santé des jeunes animaux. Ceci est également un risque pour la santé humaine, en particulier les enfants. Pour explorer les agents pathogènes responsables de la diarrhée chez les veaux laitiers, cette étude a utilisé des outils de séquençage basés sur la PCR pour étudier l'occurrence et les caractères moléculaires de trois parasites (Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis et Enterocytozoon bieneusi) et de trois agents pathogènes bactériens (Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens et Salmonella spp.) dans 343 échantillons fécaux de veaux laitiers diarrhéiques provenant de cinq fermes du comté de Lingwu, région autonome Hui du Ningxia, en Chine. Le taux total positif de ces pathogènes chez les veaux laitiers diarrhéiques était de 91,0 % (312/343; IC à 95 %, 87,994,0), et C. perfringens (61,5 %, 211/343; IC à 95 %, 56,366,7) était le plus répandu. Une co-infection avec deux à cinq pathogènes a été trouvée dans 67,3 % (231/343; IC à 95 %, 62,472,3) des échantillons étudiés. Il y avait des différences significatives (p < 0,05) dans les taux positifs de Cryptosporidium spp. et d'E. coli diarrhéogènes entre les fermes, les groupes d'âge et les saisons. Deux espèces de Cryptosporidium (C. parvum et C. bovis) et cinq sous-types de gp60 de C. parvum (IIdA15G1, IIdA20G1, IIdA19G1, IIdA14G1 et un nouveau, IIdA13G1) ont été identifiés. Deux assemblages (assemblage E et assemblage zoonotique A) de G. duodenalis et six génotypes ITS d'E. bieneusi (J, Henan-IV, EbpC, I, EbpA et ESH-01) ont été observés. Quatre gènes de virulence (eaeA, stx1, stx2 et st) d'E. coli diarrhéogènes et un type de toxine (type A) de C. perfringens ont été détectés. Notre étude enrichit les connaissances sur les caractères et le potentiel zoonotique des agents pathogènes liés à la diarrhée chez les veaux laitiers.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos , Criptosporidiose , Cryptosporidium , Diarreia , Enterocytozoon , Fezes , Giardia lamblia , Zoonoses , Animais , Bovinos , Diarreia/veterinária , Diarreia/parasitologia , Diarreia/microbiologia , Diarreia/epidemiologia , China/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/parasitologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Cryptosporidium/genética , Cryptosporidium/isolamento & purificação , Cryptosporidium/classificação , Enterocytozoon/genética , Enterocytozoon/isolamento & purificação , Enterocytozoon/classificação , Giardia lamblia/genética , Giardia lamblia/isolamento & purificação , Giardia lamblia/classificação , Fezes/parasitologia , Fezes/microbiologia , Criptosporidiose/epidemiologia , Criptosporidiose/parasitologia , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/classificação , Giardíase/veterinária , Giardíase/epidemiologia , Giardíase/parasitologia , Coinfecção/veterinária , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Coinfecção/parasitologia , Coinfecção/microbiologia , Microsporidiose/veterinária , Microsporidiose/epidemiologia , Clostridium perfringens/isolamento & purificação , Clostridium perfringens/genética , Clostridium perfringens/classificação , Salmonella/isolamento & purificação , Salmonella/genética , Salmonella/classificação , Humanos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Indústria de LaticíniosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Post-COVID pain (PCP) is a condition that ensues from an infection of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Some researchers have explored the prevalence of PCP and its characteristics in the individuals who experience it. However, most individuals involved in the previous studies were middle-aged, and those studies focused mainly on hospital patients and musculoskeletal PCP. Existing data on PCP and its subtypes among older adults and outpatients are scanty. OBJECTIVE: Our study aims to identify PCP's prevalence and associated risk factors and to compare the quality of life (QoL), sleep quality, and anxiety and depression levels in nonhospitalized elderly COVID-19 survivors with different PCP subtypes. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: The study was conducted from April 2023 to June 2023 after the first outbreak of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 in the Taikang Yanyuan Continuing Care Retirement Community (CCRC) in China. METHODS: Eligible participants were surveyed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Douleur Neuropathique-4 questionnaire (DN4), EuroQol 5D-5L questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale. COVID-19 symptoms and laboratory parameters were obtained through an electronic healthcare system. Descriptive analysis was performed based on the presence of PCP and PCP subtypes. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression were used for risk-factor analysis and adjustment of confounding factors. RESULTS: A total of 668 individuals (female: 59.3%, median age: 84 years) who had been infected with COVID-19 for a median duration of 145 (126-168) days were enrolled in our study. PCP was observed in 9.4% (63/668) of elderly COVID-19 survivors. Number of COVID-19 symptoms (aOR 1.31, 95%CI 1.05-1.64, P = 0.018) and previous chronic pain (aOR 4.24, 95%CI 1.59-11.27, P = 0.004) were risk factors associated with PCP. Individuals with neuropathic PCP exhibited higher NRS scores (5 [5-6] vs. 3 [3-4], P < 0.001) and more use of analgesic drugs (70.0%, 7/10 vs. 20.8%, 11/53, P = 0.005) for pain management. Neuropathic PCP was associated with lower scores on the EQ-5D index (B = -0.210, 95% CI -0.369 to -0.051, P = 0.011) and EQ-VAS (B = -10.808, 95% CI -21.149 to -0.468, P = 0.041) and higher PHQ-9 scores (B = 3.154, 95% CI 0.674-5.634, P = 0.014). LIMITATIONS: It is difficult to establish a strong causality between PCP and SARS-CoV-2 infection due to the study's cross-sectional nature. Selection bias could not be eliminated, since our study relied on volunteer participation. Due to neuropathic PCP's lower prevalence than nonneuropathic PCP, larger sample sizes and multicenter studies are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the neuropathic PCP condition. CONCLUSION: Our study found a PCP prevalence of 9.4% in nonhospitalized older adults who had survived COVID-19. Number of COVID-19 symptoms and history of previous chronic pain seemed to be potential risk factors for PCP. Neuropathic PCP was associated with lower QoL and a more severe depression level.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Qualidade de Vida , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/complicações , Estudos Transversais , Idoso , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Masculino , Feminino , Qualidade do Sono , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Depressão/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , China/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , SARS-CoV-2 , Medição da DorRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Previous research has extensively explored the factors associated with psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). However, the characteristics and associated factors of remitted PLEs, which refer to the absence of current PLEs following previous PLEs, remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to describe the characteristics of adolescents who reported remitted PLEs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: The survey was conducted from October to December 2020 in three colleges located in Guangzhou, China. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 4208 college freshmen aged from 15 to 24 participated in our survey. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The 15-item positive subscale of the Community Assessment of the Psychic Experience was used to assess both lifetime and current PLEs. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between remitted PLEs and a range of demographic factors, lifestyle, psychosocial factors, lifetime affective symptoms and sleep problems. RESULTS: Three groups of PLEs were observed: non-PLEs (47.27% of the sample), remitted PLEs (40.42%) and current PLEs (12.31%). Several factors have been identified as shared correlates of remission and absence of PLEs, including fewer recent adverse life events, greater resilience, fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety, and early waking. Furthermore, higher levels of social support (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.17; OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.97) was a specific factor associated with the remission of PLEs. Compared with individuals without PLEs, those with remitted PLEs were more likely to be female (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.75), less likely to be younger (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.81 to 0.95) and prone to have more chronic physical illness (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.29 to 2.16), habitual alcohol intake (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.88), more childhood trauma (OR for low vs high=0.72, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.91) and the sleep problems of waking up easily (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.65). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that remitted PLEs play a vital, unique role among three groups and provide preliminary targets for the intervention for adolescents at risk of mental health problems. Further investigation may shed light on the causality of the relationship between remitted PLEs and associated factors.
Assuntos
Transtornos Psicóticos , Estudantes , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Masculino , China/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Estudantes/psicologia , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem , Transtornos Psicóticos/epidemiologia , Universidades , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Modelos LogísticosRESUMO
This study aims to understand the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospitalized patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in China, who did not contract SARS-CoV-2. We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional analysis comparing the characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized PAD patients across two distinct periods: Pre-pandemic (P1, from January 2018 to December 2019) and during the pandemic (P2, from January 2020 to December 2021). During P1, 762 hospitalized patients were treated, with an average age of 72.3 years, while 478 patients were treated in P2, with an average age of 65.1 years. Notably, hospitalized patients admitted during the pandemic (P2) exhibited a significantly higher incidence of chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI, 70% vs 54%), diabetic foot infection (47% vs 29%), and infra-popliteal lesions (28% vs 22%). Furthermore, these patients demonstrated a marked deterioration in their Rutherford category and an increased mean score in the Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection classification system (WIfI). Treatment during the pandemic emerged as a predictor of reduced procedural success and increased major adverse limb events. Factors such as the presence of diabetic foot infection, renal impairment, and deteriorating WIfI scores were identified as independent risk indicators for major adverse limb events. Our results demonstrate that intensive care was provided to severe cases of PAD even during the challenging circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the unprecedented pressures on healthcare systems, patients with severe PAD, particularly those with CLTI, continued to receive necessary in-patient care. The findings underscore the importance of timely medical interventions and extended follow-up for patients exhibiting high-risk factors.