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1.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol;89(3): 182-188, jun. 2024. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1569784

RESUMO

El sangrado uterino anormal tiene una etiología variable, que va desde causas estructurales hasta causas funcionales, que se describen clásicamente en el acrónimo PALM-COEIN. No obstante, hay una pobre sensibilización de este síntoma como un marcador de enfermedades graves. En esta revisión se describe la relación de la hemorragia uterina anormal como síntoma clave o de presentación de malignidad hematológica, así como la posible relación con la hemofilia adquirida secundaria a neoplasia hematológica como causal del evento hemostático. Se realizó búsqueda en la literatura, con la mayoría de los artículos obtenidos de Medline, 24 de los cuales cumplieron con los objetivos para resolver la pregunta de investigación. Se encontraron diferentes malignidades hematológicas asociadas a sangrado uterino anormal, de las cuales la hemofilia adquirida y la trombocitopenia como potenciales causales de esta; la mayor correlación fue con leucemia, seguido de linfomas, y en menor cuantía la asociación con mieloma múltiple.


Abnormal uterine bleeding has a variable etiology, ranging from structural to functional causes, classically described by the acronym PALM-COEIN. However, there is poor awareness of this symptom as a marker of serious disease; in this review, we describe the relationship of abnormal uterine bleeding as a key symptom or debut of hematologic malignancy, as well as its possible relationship to acquired hemophilia secondary to hematologic neoplasia as causative of the hemostatic event. A literature search was performed, with most of the articles obtained from Medline, 24 of which met the objectives to solve the research question. Different hematological malignancies associated with abnormal uterine bleeding were found, of which acquired hemophilia and thrombocytopenia were found as potential causes; the highest correlation was with leukemia, followed by lymphomas, and to a lesser extent the association with multiple myeloma.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Hemorragia Uterina/etiologia , Doenças Hematológicas/complicações , Leucemia/complicações , Hemofilia A/complicações
2.
Rev. mex. anestesiol ; 45(3): 202-206, jul.-sep. 2022. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1409788

RESUMO

Resumen: La identificación de múltiples factores de riesgo que predisponen a la hemorragia durante el evento obstétrico, como la hemofilia adquirida que es un trastorno que se desarrolla por la generación de autoanticuerpos inhibidores de factores de la coagulación, la interpretación objetiva de las pruebas de laboratorio rutinarias, el desarrollo de un pensamiento sistematizado en la integración diagnóstico-terapéutica por parte del personal de salud, y la disposición de los recursos farmacológicos hospitalarios, es lo que determina frecuentemente el pronóstico en pacientes obstétricas con morbilidad extrema que requieren atención multidisciplinaria en las diferentes unidades hospitalarias del sector salud de nuestro país. El objetivo es presentar un caso clínico de morbilidad extrema por hemofilia adquirida, su presentación clínica, evolución y desenlace fatal. Se presenta un caso referido de otra unidad del Sector Salud ISEM (Instituto de Salud del Estado de México), atendido en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Obstétricos del Hospital «Mónica Pretelini Sáenz¼, resaltando la importancia en la integración diagnóstico-terapéutica y la interacción multifactorial de variables relacionadas con su desenlace fatal. Conclusiones: Desconocimiento de la patología, retraso en el diagnóstico, múltiples procedimientos condicionantes de hemorragia iatrógena y la limitación en recursos terapéuticos son factores que contribuyen a un desenlace fatal.


Abstract: The identification of multiple risk factors that predispose to bleeding during the obstetric event, such as acquired hemophilia, which is a disorder that develops due to the generation of autoantibodies that inhibit coagulation factors, the objective interpretation of routine laboratory tests , the development of systematized thinking in diagnostic-therapeutic integration by health personnel, and the provision of hospital pharmacological resources, is what frequently determines the prognosis in obstetric patients with extreme morbidity who require multidisciplinary care in the different hospital units of the health sector of our country. The objective is to present a clinical case of extreme morbidity due to acquired hemophilia, its clinical presentation, evolution and fatal outcome. A case referred from another unit of the ISEM (Instituto de Salud del Estado de México) Health Sector, treated at the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit of the «Mónica Pretelini Sáenz¼ Hospital, is presented, highlighting the importance of diagnostic-therapeutic integration, and the multifactorial interaction of variables related to its fatal outcome. Conclusions: Ignorance of the pathology, delay in diagnosis, multiple conditioning procedures of iatrogenic hemorrhage and the limitation in therapeutic resources are factors that contribute to a fatal outcome.

3.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 29(4): 507-512, jul.-ago. 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1408013

RESUMO

Resumen La hemofilia A adquirida es una entidad poco reportada y potencialmente fatal, que se asocia con la aparición de autoanticuerpos contra el factor VIII de la coagulación. Si bien puede estar subestimada, se calcula una incidencia aproximada de 1 a 1.5 casos por millón de habitantes con una mortalidad reportada entre el 9 y el 33%. Se manifiesta con equimosis extensas espontáneas y sangrado en mucosas, tracto gastrointestinal o en el periodo postparto. Se debe sospechar en adultos a partir de la cuarta década de la vida con sangrados espontáneos y un tiempo parcial de tromboplastina prolongado en ausencia de anticoagulante lúpico. Se reporta el caso de un adulto mayor con cardiopatía isquémica, en quien, en el contexto de un evento coronario agudo, se diagnosticó hemofilia A adquirida ante la presencia de sangrado subcutáneo extenso en cuello, con compresión de faringe y laringe que amenazó su vida representando un verdadero reto terapéutico.


Abstract Acquired hemophilia A is an underreported and potentially fatal entity that is associated with the formation of autoantibodies against coagulation factor VIII. Although it may be underestimated, the estimated incidence is between 1-1.5 cases per million people with a reported mortality between 9 and 33%2. It presents with extensive spontaneous ecchymosis, mucosal, gastrointestinal, or postpartum bleeding. It should be suspected in adults from the fourth decade of life with spontaneous bleeding and prolonged TPT in the absence of lupus anticoagulant. We report the case of an older adult with ischemic heart disease in the context of an acute coronary syndrome, who was diagnosed with acquired hemophilia A and presented with significant cervical subcutaneous bleeding with pharyngeal and laryngeal compression that threatened his life, constituting a real therapeutic challenge.

4.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; Medicina (B.Aires);81(2): 286-288, June 2021. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287282

RESUMO

Resumen Presentamos el caso de un varón de 86 años con un hematoma espontáneo en el músculo ilíaco izquierdo y diagnóstico previo de cáncer de colon en 1998 (estadio pT3N0M0), tratado quirúrgicamente mediante colectomía transversal, considerado en remisión completa. Tras realización de estudios complementarios se demostró la presencia de autoanticuerpos inhibidores del Factor VIII que confirmaron el diagnóstico de hemofilia adquirida. Durante el ingreso el paciente presentó un sangrado digestivo bajo que conllevó al descubrimiento de recidiva del adenocarcinoma colorrectal tratado previamente. Respondió de forma favorable a la terapia inicial con corticoides sistémicos y el complejo coagulante anti inhibidor que incluye el Factor VII activado [FEIBA].


Abstract We report the case of an 86-year-old man presenting with a spontaneous hematoma in the left iliac muscle and previous diagnosis of colon cancer in 1998 (stage pT3N0M0) treated with transverse colectomy and considered in complete remission. After a complete study, it was possible to identify the presence of Factor VIII inhibitors antibodies that confirmed the presence of acquired hemophilia. During hospitalization the patient presented a lower gastrointestinal bleeding leading to the diagnosis of recurrence of a previously treated colorectal adenocarcinoma. He responded to initial therapy with systemic corticoids and anti-inhibitory coagulant complex which includes activated VII Factor [FEIBA].


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Hemofilia A/complicações , Hemofilia A/diagnóstico , Hemofilia A/tratamento farmacológico , Fator VIII , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico
5.
Gac Med Mex ; 157(Suppl 1): S1-S35, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33819260

RESUMO

Hemophilia is a hemorrhagic disorder with a sex-linked inherited pattern, characterized by an inability to amplify coagulation due to a deficiency in coagulation factor VIII (hemophilia A or classic) or factor IX (hemophilia B). Sequencing of the genes involved in hemophilia has provided a description and record of the main mutations, as well as a correlation with the various degrees of severity. Hemorrhagic manifestations are related to levels of circulating factor, mainly affecting the musculoskeletal system and specifically the large joints (knees, ankles, and elbows). This document is a review and consensus of the main genetic aspects of hemophilia, from the inheritance pattern to the concept of women carriers, physiopathology and classification of the disorder, the basic and confirmation studies when hemophilia is suspected, the various treatment regimens based on infusion of the deficient coagulation factor as well as innovative factor-free therapies and recommendations for the management of complications associated with treatment (development of inhibitors and/or transfusion-transmitted infections), or secondary to articular hemorrhagic events (hemophilic arthropathy). Finally, relevant reviews of clinical and treatment aspects of hemorrhagic pathology characterized by acquired deficiency of FVIII secondary to neutralized antibodies named acquired hemophilia.


La hemofilia es un trastorno hemorrágico con patrón de herencia ligado al sexo, caracterizado por una incapacidad en la amplificación de la coagulación ocasionada por la deficiencia del factor VIII (hemofilia A o clásica) o del factor IX (hemofilia B). La secuenciación de los genes involucrados en la hemofilia ha permitido la descripción y registro de las principales mutaciones, así como la correlación con los diversos grados de severidad. Las manifestaciones hemorrágicas se relacionan con los niveles de factor deficiente circulante, afectando principalmente al sistema musculoesquelético y en particular a las grandes articulaciones (rodillas, tobillos y codos). El presente documento hace una revisión y consenso de los principales aspectos genéticos de la hemofilia, desde el patrón de herencia y el concepto de mujeres portadoras, la fisiopatología y clasificación de la enfermedad, los estudios básicos y de confirmación ante la sospecha de hemofilia, y de los diversos esquemas de tratamiento basados en la infusión del factor de coagulación deficiente hasta las terapias innovadoras libres de factor, así como de las recomendaciones para el manejo de las complicaciones asociadas al tratamiento (desarrollo de inhibidores y/o infecciones transmitidas por transfusión) o secundarias a los eventos hemorrágicos a nivel articular (artropatía hemofílica). La parte final del documento revisa los aspectos clínicos y de tratamiento relevantes de una patología hemorragica caracterizada por la deficiencia adquirida del FVIII mediada por anticuerpos neutralizantes denominada hemofilia adquirida.


Assuntos
Hemofilia A , Algoritmos , Hemofilia A/diagnóstico , Hemofilia A/etiologia , Hemofilia A/terapia , México
6.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 81(2): 286-288, 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33906149

RESUMO

We report the case of an 86-year-old man presenting with a spontaneous hematoma in the left iliac muscle and previous diagnosis of colon cancer in 1998 (stage pT3N0M0) treated with transverse colectomy and considered in complete remission. After a complete study, it was possible to identify the presence of Factor VIII inhibitors antibodies that confirmed the presence of acquired hemophilia. During hospitalization the patient presented a lower gastrointestinal bleeding leading to the diagnosis of recurrence of a previously treated colorectal adenocarcinoma. He responded to initial therapy with systemic corticoids and anti-inhibitory coagulant complex which includes activated VII Factor [FEIBA].


Presentamos el caso de un varón de 86 años con un hematoma espontáneo en el músculo ilíaco izquierdo y diagnóstico previo de cáncer de colon en 1998 (estadio pT3N0M0), tratado quirúrgicamente mediante colectomía transversal, considerado en remisión completa. Tras realización de estudios complementarios se demostró la presencia de autoanticuerpos inhibidores del Factor VIII que confirmaron el diagnóstico de hemofilia adquirida. Durante el ingreso el paciente presentó un sangrado digestivo bajo que conllevó al descubrimiento de recidiva del adenocarcinoma colorrectal tratado previamente. Respondió de forma favorable a la terapia inicial con corticoides sistémicos y el complejo coagulante anti inhibidor que incluye el Factor VII activado [FEIBA].


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais , Hemofilia A , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Fator VIII , Hematoma , Hemofilia A/complicações , Hemofilia A/diagnóstico , Hemofilia A/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Masculino , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico
7.
Mult Scler Relat Disord ; 44: 102181, 2020 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32531751

RESUMO

Alemtuzumab (ALZ) is an anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody used to treat recurrent remittent multiple sclerosis (RRMS). After ALZ infusion, there is a depletion of T and B cells expressing CD52, while the stem cells and innate immune cells are spared. Longitudinal studies with long periods of follow-ups have reported ALZ-associated autoimmune diseases, such as thrombocytopenic purpura and thyroiditis. We report two patients who developed autoimmune hemophilia A or acquired hemophilia (AHA) after ALZ infusion, one of whom developed severe vitiligo. To the best of our knowledge, these two cases of ALZ-associated AHA are the first two cases to be reported in Brazil, and the fourth and fifth AHA cases to be reported worldwide. AHA is a potential life-threatening disease if not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner. The development of AHA should be cited as a possible adverse event, and specific coagulation tests must be part of the official recommendations for patient follow-ups.


Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes , Hemofilia A , Esclerose Múltipla , Alemtuzumab/efeitos adversos , Brasil , Hemofilia A/induzido quimicamente , Hemofilia A/diagnóstico , Humanos
8.
Gac Med Mex ; 156(1): 67-77, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32026881

RESUMO

Acquired hemophilia (AH) is an autoimmune hemostatic disorder mediated by autoantibodies directed against factor VIII: C. In 52% of cases, the cause is unknown or is not associated with other pathological entities; in the rest, there are concomitant factors: lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, pregnancy, and medications. In Mexico, there is not a registry of AH, and awareness of the disease among health personnel is low. The groups with the highest incidence are women of childbearing age and individuals older than 70 years. It is characterized by severe bleeding, especially after trauma and normal childbirth or cesarean delivery, and large ecchymoses in the trunk and extremities. The suspicion is simple, it just takes for sudden, severe hemorrhage and a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time that is not corrected with plasma to concur in an individual. Treatment involves achieving hemostasis and eradicating the antibody. The former is achieved with recombinant activated factor VII or activated prothrombin complex concentrate. Cyclophosphamide, prednisone or rituximab are used to eradicate the antibody. Most cases of AH are not diagnosed, which translates into a high mortality rate. Given that awareness about the disease among physicians is low, it is not suspected, neither diagnosed, and nor is it treated. This document reviews the most recent data on AH and expands on its diagnosis and treatment.


La hemofilia adquirida (HA) es un trastorno hemostático autoinmune ocasionado por autoanticuerpos dirigidos contra el factor VIII: C. En 52 % de los casos, la causa se desconoce o no se asocia con otra entidad patológica; en el resto, existen factores concomitantes: lupus, artritis reumatoide, cáncer, embarazo y medicamentos. En México no existe registro ni conciencia de la enfermedad entre el personal de salud. Los grupos de mayor incidencia son las mujeres en edad reproductiva y los individuos mayores de 70 años. Se caracteriza por hemorragia grave, sobre todo posterior a traumatismos y parto o cesárea, y equimosis grandes en tronco y extremidades. La sospecha es simple, basta que concurran hemorragia súbita, grave y un TTPa prolongado que no se corrige con plasma. El tratamiento consiste en lograr la hemostasia y erradicar el anticuerpo; lo primero se logra con el factor VII activado recombinante o concentrado del complejo de protrombínico activado. La ciclofosfamida, prednisona o rituximab sirven para erradicar el anticuerpo. La mayoría de los casos no son diagnosticados y la mortalidad es alta. Ya que los médicos desconocen el problema, no se sospecha, no se diagnostica y no se trata. Este documento revisa los datos más recientes de la HA y abunda en el diagnóstico y tratamiento.


Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/imunologia , Fator VIII/imunologia , Hemofilia A/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Equimose/etiologia , Feminino , Hemofilia A/complicações , Hemofilia A/epidemiologia , Hemofilia A/terapia , Hemorragia/etiologia , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Complicações Hematológicas na Gravidez/etiologia , Prognóstico , Adulto Jovem
9.
Gac. méd. Méx ; Gac. méd. Méx;156(1): 67-77, ene.-feb. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1249872

RESUMO

Resumen La hemofilia adquirida (HA) es un trastorno hemostático autoinmune ocasionado por autoanticuerpos dirigidos contra el factor VIII: C. En 52 % de los casos, la causa se desconoce o no se asocia con otra entidad patológica; en el resto, existen factores concomitantes: lupus, artritis reumatoide, cáncer, embarazo y medicamentos. En México no existe registro ni conciencia de la enfermedad entre el personal de salud. Los grupos de mayor incidencia son las mujeres en edad reproductiva y los individuos mayores de 70 años. Se caracteriza por hemorragia grave, sobre todo posterior a traumatismos y parto o cesárea, y equimosis grandes en tronco y extremidades. La sospecha es simple, basta que concurran hemorragia súbita, grave y un TTPa prolongado que no se corrige con plasma. El tratamiento consiste en lograr la hemostasia y erradicar el anticuerpo; lo primero se logra con el factor VII activado recombinante o concentrado del complejo de protrombínico activado. La ciclofosfamida, prednisona o rituximab sirven para erradicar el anticuerpo. La mayoría de los casos no son diagnosticados y la mortalidad es alta. Ya que los médicos desconocen el problema, no se sospecha, no se diagnostica y no se trata. Este documento revisa los datos más recientes de la HA y abunda en el diagnóstico y tratamiento.


Abstract Acquired hemophilia (AH) is an autoimmune hemostatic disorder mediated by autoantibodies directed against factor VIII: C. In 52% of cases, the cause is unknown or is not associated with other pathological entities; in the rest, there are concomitant factors: lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, pregnancy, and medications. In Mexico, there is not a registry of AH, and awareness of the disease among health personnel is low. The groups with the highest incidence are women of childbearing age and individuals older than 70 years. It is characterized by severe bleeding, especially after trauma and normal childbirth or cesarean delivery, and large ecchymoses in the trunk and extremities. The suspicion is simple, it just takes for sudden, severe hemorrhage and a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time that is not corrected with plasma to concur in an individual. Treatment involves achieving hemostasis and eradicating the antibody. The former is achieved with recombinant activated factor VII or activated prothrombin complex concentrate. Cyclophosphamide, prednisone or rituximab are used to eradicate the antibody. Most cases of AH are not diagnosed, which translates into a high mortality rate. Given that awareness about the disease among physicians is low, it is not suspected, neither diagnosed, and nor is it treated. This document reviews the most recent data on AH and expands on its diagnosis and treatment.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Autoanticorpos/imunologia , Fator VIII/imunologia , Hemofilia A/imunologia , Complicações Hematológicas na Gravidez/etiologia , Prognóstico , Equimose/etiologia , Hemofilia A/complicações , Hemofilia A/terapia , Hemofilia A/epidemiologia , Hemorragia/etiologia , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico
10.
Rev. Urug. med. Interna ; 5(1): 41-46, 2020. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1115306

RESUMO

Resumen. La hemofilia adquirida es un trastorno de la coagulación poco frecuente causado por autoanticuerpos circulantes que inhiben factores de la coagulación, principalmente el F VIII. Un porcentaje considerable de pacientes con hemofilia adquirida mueren a causa de un diagnóstico tardío con el consecuente retraso en el inicio del tratamiento. Los objetivos principales del tratamiento son controlar el sangrado, erradicar el inhibidor y tratar los trastornos subyacentes que se logren identificar. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 72 años con el antecedente de una artritis reumatoidea que se presentó con un síndrome hemorragíparo de tipo coagulopático de aparición espontánea.


Abstract. Acquired hemophilia is a rare coagulation disorder caused by circulating autoantibodies that inhibit coagulation factors, primarily F VIII. A considerable percentage of patients with acquired hemophilia die due to a late diagnosis with the consequent delay in the start of treatment. The main goals of treatment are to control bleeding, eradicate the inhibitor and treat underlying disorders that can be identified. We present the case of a 72-year-old woman with a history of rheumatoid arthritis who presented with a coagulopathic hemorrhagic syndrome of spontaneous onset.


Resumo. A hemofilia adquirida é um distúrbio raro da coagulação causado por autoanticorpos circulantes que inibem fatores de coagulação, principalmente F VIII. Uma porcentagem considerável de pacientes com hemofilia adquirida morre devido a um diagnóstico tardio com o consequente atraso no início do tratamento. Os principais objetivos do tratamento são controlar o sangramento, erradicar o inibidor e tratar os distúrbios subjacentes que podem ser identificados. Apresentamos o caso de uma mulher de 72 anos com história de artrite reumatoide que apresentou síndrome hemorrágica coagulopática de início espontâneo.

11.
Acta méd. colomb ; 44(3): 30-33, July-Sept. 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1098023

RESUMO

Abstract Acquired hemophilia is a rare but highly fatal hemostatic disorder that occurs predominantly in elderly people. It is a disorder secondary to the development of specific autoantibodies directed against coagulation factor VIII. It is characterized by potentially fatal gastrointestinal, pulmonary, retroperitoneal, soft tissue or intracranial hemorrhages, so it requires early diagnoses and effective treatments. The present case is of a 78-year-old man with sudden onset gastrointestinal hemorrhage associated with ecchymosis and hematomas in soft tissues, with the complication of a laryngeal hematoma. He had a prolonged partial thromboplastin time (PTT), elevated factor VIII levels and elevated factor VIII inhibitorst. (Acta Med Colomb 2019; 44. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2019.1207).


Resumen La hemofilia adquirida es un trastorno hemostásico poco frecuente pero altamente fatal que se presenta predominantemente en personas ancianas. Es un trastorno secundario al desarrollo de autoanticuerpos específicos dirigidos contra el factor de coagulación VIII. Se caracterizan por debutar hemorragias potencialmente fatales a nivel gastrointestinal, pulmonar, retroperitoneal, de tejidos blandos o intracraneal, por lo que requiere diagnósticos tempranos y tratamientos eficaces para su tratamiento. El presente caso es de un hombre de 78 años con hemorragia gastrointestinal asociado a equimosis y hematomas de aparición súbita en tejidos blandos y como complicación presenta hematoma laríngeo, con tiempo parcial de protrombina (PTT) prolongado, niveles de factor VIII elevados y niveles de inhibidor de factor VIII elevados. (Acta Med Colomb 2019; 44. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2019.1207).


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Hemofilia A , Coagulação Sanguínea , Fator VIIIa , Inibidores da Angiogênese
12.
Rev. colomb. cancerol ; 23(3): 113-121, jul.-set. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042763

RESUMO

Resumen La hemofilia adquirida es una complicación rara y potencialmente fatal en pacientes con neoplasias hematológicas (desórdenes linfoproliferativos) o tumores sólidos. Presentamos una paciente de 75 años de sexo femenino con antecedente de hipertensión arterial y anemia ferropénica que ingresa a urgencias por cuadro de dolor abdominal generalizado tipo cólico, asociado a episodios eméticos de contenido alimentario y deposiciones melénicas. Dentro de los estudios iniciales se encontraron: tiempos de coagulación prolongados, prueba de mezclas de aPTT con evidencia de anticoagulante circulante específico, factor IX, 0% y factor VIII, 0% con inhibidores de factor VIII y IX en 180 UB y 130 UB respectivamente. Se consideró que la paciente cursaba con hemofilia adquirida A y B con realización de estudios de extensión diagnosticándose linfoma no Hodgkin marginal esplénico.


Abstract Acquired hemophilia is a potentially fatal rare complication of patients with hematological malignancies (usually lymphoproliferative disorders) or solid tumors. We report a 75-year female patient with a history of arterial hypertension and iron deficiency anemia. Log in to the emergency department complaining of generalized cramping abdominal pain associated with emetic episodes and melenic stools. In initial studies found prothrombin time (PT) 19 seconds control: 11 seconds, INR 1.8 and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) 45 seconds, control: 29 seconds. Mixing aPTT study with normal plasma was performed suggesting specific anticoagulation factor. Other tests were performed: Factor IX 0%, factor VIII and 0%. Factor VIII inhibitor: 180 UB, factor IX inhibitor: 130 UB. It was considered acquired hemophilia A and B and was studying with extension studies found a splenic marginal non Hodgkin lymphoma.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Linfoma não Hodgkin , Hemofilia B , Hemofilia A , Linfoma
13.
Rev. sanid. mil ; 72(5/6): 355-358, sep.-dic. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020887

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción La hemofilia tipo A adquirida es un trastorno hemorrágico poco frecuente producido por la presencia de autoanticuerpos dirigidos contra el factor VIII (FVIII) circulante. El sangrado suele aparecer en la piel, músculo, área retroperitoneal y tracto gastrointestinal; sin embargo, no es común en la cavidad oral. Caso clínico Presentamos el caso de una paciente de la octava década de la vida con este padecimiento, caracterizado por la presencia de ampollas sangrantes y dolorosas en la cavidad oral. El diagnóstico se estableció con un tiempo elevado de tromboplastina parcial activada (TTPa), tiempo normal de protrombina y niveles elevados de inhibidores del FVIII. La paciente fue tratada con el factor VII recombinante activado y prednisona asociada con ciclofosfamida durante seis semanas. La medicación fue suspendida cuando se normalizó el TTPa. Discusión El diagnóstico de hemofilia adquirida tipo A es complicado debido a que no hay antecedentes familiares de sangrado y a su etiopatogenia de origen autoinmune. La forma de presentación es un sangrado espontáneo y severo asociado con un tiempo prolongado de tromboplastina. Conclusión Su identificación inicial expedita y la aplicación del tratamiento son fundamentales para disminuir la tasa de mortalidad de los pacientes afectados.


Abstract Introduction Acquired hemophilia A is a hemorrhagic disorder produced by autoantibodies directed against circulating factor VIII. Bleeding often appears in the skin, muscles, the retroperitoneal area, and the gastrointestinal tract; however, it is not frequent regarding occurrence in the oral cavity. Case report We report an unusual case of an elderly woman in the eighth decade of life with AHA characterized by painful blood blisters in the oral cavity. The diagnosis was established with a high activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), normal prothrombin time and elevated levels of factor VIII inhibitor (FVIII: C). The patient was treated with the activated recombinant factor VII and prednisone associated with cyclophosphamide during six weeks. Drugs were stopped when normalization of aPTT was identified. Discussion The diagnosis of HAA is complicated because there is no family history of bleeding and its autoimmune etiopathogenesis. Furthermore, the clinical presentation is due to spontaneous and severe bleeding associated with a prolonged time of thromboplastin. Conclusion The initial identification and the application of the treatment are essential to reduce the mortality rate of those patients affected.

14.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 34(3): 1-5, jul.-set. 2018. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-73057

RESUMO

La hemofilia A adquirida es un trastorno hemorrágico poco frecuente caracterizado por la presencia de autoanticuerpos contra el factor VIII (FVIII) circulante. Se ha observado en un grupo heterogéneo de entidades que incluyen, entre otros, enfermedades malignas; de ellas el 32 por ciento asociada a procesos urológicos, donde el cáncer de próstata tiene la mayor prevalencia. Se presenta un paciente que fue atendido en el servicio de Oncología del Hospital Universitario Celestino Hernández Robau con el diagnóstico de hemofilia A adquirida en la evolución de un adenocarcinoma prostático. Se realizó estudio de coagulación en el Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología donde se comprobó la presencia de inhibidor del factor VIII, lo que confirmó el diagnóstico. Se puso tratamiento inmunosupresor con prednisona 1 mg/kg de peso, con una evolución favorable(AU)


Acquired hemophilia A is a rare bleeding disorder characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against circulating factor VIII (FVIII). It has been observed in a heterogeneous group of entities that include, among others, malignant diseases; 32 percent associated with urological processes, where prostate cancer has the highest prevalence. We present a patient who was treated at the Oncology Service of the Celestino Hernández Robau University Hospital with the diagnosis of acquired hemophilia A in the course of a prostatic adenocarcinoma. A coagulation study was carried out at the Institute of Hematology and Immunology where the presence of factor VIII inhibitor was confirmed, confirming the diagnosis. Immunosuppressive treatment was given with prednisone 1 mg/kg of weight, with a favorable evolution(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Hemofilia A/complicações , Hemofilia A , Hiperplasia Prostática/complicações , Hemofilia A/diagnóstico , Transtornos Hemorrágicos/complicações
15.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 34(3): 1-5, jul.-set. 2018. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-985534

RESUMO

La hemofilia A adquirida es un trastorno hemorrágico poco frecuente caracterizado por la presencia de autoanticuerpos contra el factor VIII (FVIII) circulante. Se ha observado en un grupo heterogéneo de entidades que incluyen, entre otros, enfermedades malignas; de ellas el 32 por ciento asociada a procesos urológicos, donde el cáncer de próstata tiene la mayor prevalencia. Se presenta un paciente que fue atendido en el servicio de Oncología del Hospital Universitario Celestino Hernández Robau con el diagnóstico de hemofilia A adquirida en la evolución de un adenocarcinoma prostático. Se realizó estudio de coagulación en el Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología donde se comprobó la presencia de inhibidor del factor VIII, lo que confirmó el diagnóstico. Se puso tratamiento inmunosupresor con prednisona 1 mg/kg de peso, con una evolución favorable(AU)


Acquired hemophilia A is a rare bleeding disorder characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against circulating factor VIII (FVIII). It has been observed in a heterogeneous group of entities that include, among others, malignant diseases; 32 percent associated with urological processes, where prostate cancer has the highest prevalence. We present a patient who was treated at the Oncology Service of the Celestino Hernández Robau University Hospital with the diagnosis of acquired hemophilia A in the course of a prostatic adenocarcinoma. A coagulation study was carried out at the Institute of Hematology and Immunology where the presence of factor VIII inhibitor was confirmed, confirming the diagnosis. Immunosuppressive treatment was given with prednisone 1 mg/kg of weight, with a favorable evolution(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Hemofilia A/complicações , Hemofilia A/tratamento farmacológico , Hiperplasia Prostática/complicações , Hemofilia A/diagnóstico , Transtornos Hemorrágicos/complicações
16.
Acta méd. costarric ; 59(4): 164-166, oct.-dic. 2017. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-886391

RESUMO

ResumenSe reporta el caso de un paciente que presentó de manera espontánea diátesis hemorrágica, sin tener causa alguna aparente que lo justificase. Tal diátesis hemorrágica forja un amplio apartado de posibilidades diagnósticas en cuanto a trastornos de la coagulación del adulto se refiere, en el contexto de un paciente conocido sano que nunca ha presentado episodios de sangrado mayor y debuta con hemorragias de forma masiva. Entre las muchas posibilidades diagnósticas se encuentra una poco conocida: la hemofilia adquirida. La hemofilia adquirida es un trastorno infrecuente de la hemostasia, caracterizado por la presencia de inhibidores adquiridos de los factores de la coagulación, en el plasma del paciente enfermo. Los inhibidores adquiridos son anticuerpos que a su vez podrían ser de tipo aloanticuerpos o autoanticuerpos. Los aloanticuerpos se desarrollan en pacientes deficitarios per se de factores de la coagulación, en respuesta a la terapia de sustitución de factores, lo que complica su tratamiento. Por su parte, los autoanticuerpos se desarrollan en sujetos sin defectos previos; son anticuerpos específicos contra un factor de la coagulación, afectando o no su función, alterando una o varias etapas de las vías de la coagulación. El caso que aquí se presenta es de un paciente masculino de 58 años, quien se presentó con sangrado espontáneo masivo y a quien se diagnosticó hemofilia adquirida por la presencia de autoanticuerpo específico del factor VIII.


AbstractA patient that presented with spontaneous hemorrhagic diathesis, with no apparent cause is presented. Hemorrhagic diathesis presents a wide range of diagnosis possibilities as of coagulation disorders are referred, in the context of a healthy patient with no previous major bleeding episodes and that debuts with massive hemorrhages. Acquired hemophilia, a little known disease, is one that must be considered.Acquired hemophilia is an uncommon hemostasis disorder characterized by the presence of acquired inhibitors of coagulation factors in the plasma of the sick patient. These acquired inhibitors, are antibodies that could be alloantibodies or autoantibodies. Alloantibodies are developed in patients who have coagulation factor deficiency, in response to factor replacement therapy, thus complicating treatment.On the other hand, autoantibodies are developed in people without previous defects and are specific against a factor of coagulation, affecting or not their function, obstructing one or several stages of the coagulation pathways. We report a case of acquired hemophilia due to an autoantibody against factor VIII in a 58 years old male patient with spontaneous massive bleeding.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Costa Rica , Hemofilia A/complicações , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico
17.
J Blood Med ; 8: 89-97, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28769599

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Electronic health records (EHRs) can provide insights into diagnoses, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes. Acquired hemophilia (AH) is an ultrarare bleeding disorder characterized by factor VIII inhibiting autoantibodies. AIM: To identify patients with AH using an EHR database. METHODS: Records were accessed from a large EHR database (Humedica) between January 1, 2007 and July 31, 2013. Broad selection criteria were applied using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, clinical modification (ICD-9-CM) code for intrinsic circulating anticoagulants (286.5 and all subcodes) and confirmation of records 6 months before and 12 months after the first diagnosis. Additional selection criteria included mention of "bleeding" within physician notes identified via natural language processing output and a normal prothrombin time and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time. RESULTS: Of 6,348 patients with a diagnosis code of 286.5 or any subcodes, 16 males and 15 females met the selection criteria. The most common bleeding locations reported was gastrointestinal (23%), vaginal (16%), and endocrine (13%). A wide range of comorbidities was reported. Natural language processing identified chart note mention of "hemophilia" in 3 patients (10%), "bruise" in 15 patients (48%), and "pain" in all 31 patients. No patients received a prescription for approved/recommended AH treatments. Four patient cases were reviewed to validate whether the identified cohort had AH; each patient had bleeding symptoms and a normal prothrombin time and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, although none received hemostatic treatments. CONCLUSION: In ultrarare disorders, ICD-9-CM coding alone may be insufficient to identify patient cohorts; multimodal analysis combined with in-depth reviews of physician notes may be more effective.

18.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 75(4): 231-8, 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26339881

RESUMO

Acquired haemophilia is a rare disorder. The clinical picture ranges from mild ecchymosis and anaemia to life threatening bleeding in up to 20% of patients. The disease is produced by an antibody against Factor VIII and it usually occurs in the elderly, with no previous history of a bleeding disorder. It can be associated to an underlying condition such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, drugs or pregnancy. It has a typical laboratory pattern with isolated prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) that fails to correct upon mixing tests with normal plasma and low levels of factor VIII. Treatment recommendations are based on controlling the acute bleeding episodes with either bypassing agent, recombinant activated factor VII or activated prothrombin complex concentrate, and eradication of the antibody with immunosuppressive therapy.


Assuntos
Hemofilia A , Autoanticorpos/sangue , Fator VIII/análise , Hemofilia A/diagnóstico , Hemofilia A/tratamento farmacológico , Hemofilia A/imunologia , Hemorragia/terapia , Humanos
19.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; Medicina (B.Aires);75(4): 231-238, Aug. 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-841503

RESUMO

La hemofilia adquirida es una enfermedad de muy poco frecuente presentación. El paciente habitualmente consulta con equimosis y hematomas extensos en la piel y tejido celular subcutáneo, anemia y en algunas oportunidades un sangrado grave, que si no se controla puede ser fatal hasta en el 20% de los casos. Se produce por un autoanticuerpo dirigido contra el factor VIII de la coagulación y suele ocurrir en pacientes añosos sin historia de sangrados, pero también puede presentarse asociado a neoplasias, enfermedades autoinmunes, medicamentos y en mujeres jóvenes asociado al embarazo. Tiene un perfil de laboratorio característico con un tiempo de tromboplastina parcial activada (aPTT) prolongado, que no corrige con plasma normal, y niveles de factor VIII disminuidos. El tratamiento recomendado es muy específico, ya que para controlar el sangrado se utilizan agentes de puenteo (productos que sortean el efecto del inhibidor), factor VII recombinante activado o concentrado de complejo de protrombina activada, y medicación inmunosupresora para erradicar el autoanticuerpo.


Acquired haemophilia is a rare disorder. The clinical picture ranges from mild ecchymosis and anaemia to life threatening bleeding in up to 20% of patients. The disease is produced by an antibody against Factor VIII and it usually occurs in the elderly, with no previous history of a bleeding disorder. It can be associated to an underlying condition such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, drugs or pregnancy. It has a typical laboratory pattern with isolated prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) that fails to correct upon mixing tests with normal plasma and low levels of factor VIII. Treatment recommendations are based on controlling the acute bleeding episodes with either bypassing agent, recombinant activated factor VII or activated prothrombin complex concentrate, and eradication of the antibody with immunosuppressive therapy.


Assuntos
Humanos , Hemofilia A/diagnóstico , Hemofilia A/imunologia , Hemofilia A/tratamento farmacológico , Autoanticorpos/sangue , Fator VIII/análise , Hemorragia/terapia
20.
Rev. argent. cir. cardiovasc. (Impresa) ; 10(1): 31-39, ene-abr. 2012. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-730173

RESUMO

La hemofilia adquirida A es una condición extremadamente rara que ocurre en una persona en un millón por año. Puede causar riesgo para la vida por causar episodios de sangrado durante la edad adulta, debido a la producción de auto-anticuerpos que inactivan el factor VIII. Su tratamiento suele incluir la inmunosupresión y la cirugía se debe evitar en lo posible. Presentamos dos casos que nos tocó tratar, y realizamos una recopilación somera de la bibliografia, a fin de enfatizar la necesidad de no realizar tratamiento quirúrgico en estos casos.


A hemofilia adquirida A é uma condição extremamente rara que pode ocorrer com a probabilidade de um caso em um milhão de pessoas por ano. Pode causar risco para a vida por causar episódios de sangramento durante a idade adulta, devido à produção de autoanticorpos que inativam o fator VIII. Seu tratamento geralmente inclui a imunosupressão, e a cirurgia deve, dentro do possível, ser evitada. Apresentamos dois casos por nós tratados, e realizamos um breve resumo da bibliografia, com a finalidade de enfatizar o propósito de não realizar tratamento cirúrgico nestes casos.


Acquired hemophilia A is an extremely rare disease with an incidence of 1 in 1,000,000 per year. It may be life threatening as it produces bleeding episodes in adult life, due to the production of antibodies which inactivate factor VIII. Treatment may include immunosuppression and surgery must be avoided as much as possible. We shall present two of our cases and then make a brief review of the literature, in order to underscore the need of not operating these cases.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fator VIII/imunologia , Hemofilia A/diagnóstico , Hemofilia A/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Transtornos Hemorrágicos
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