RESUMO
Introduçäo - a isquemia renal é causa de graves lesöes nesse órgäo, estando presente em diferentes situaçöes como em cirurgias renais, vasculares e no transplante renal. Assim, a procura de substâncias protetoras da funçäo renal tem amplo interesse clínico. Neste estudo o objetivo foi o de analisar o efeito da lovastatina na isquemia renal normotérmica seguida da reperfusäo.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Anticolesterolemiantes , Isquemia , Rim , Lovastatina , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/fisiopatologia , Creatinina , Nefrectomia , Ratos Wistar , Ureia/sangueRESUMO
A isquemia cerebral tem sido largamente estudada com intuito de se obter medidas terapêuticas eficazes que minimizem seus efeitos, visto que uma grande quantidade de pacientes, clínicos ou cirúrgicos, apresentam conseqüências freqüentemente irreversíveis da mesma. A escolha de um modelo experimental satisfatório a fim de nortear pesquisas com agentes neuroprotetores tem sido a base desses estudos. No presente trabalho foi escolhido o gato como modelo experimental de isquemia e a avaliaçäo foi realizada através do swelling mitocondrial. Os trinta e dois animais utilizados neste experimento, foram divididos em quatro grupos distintos, cada qual com dez animais sendo submetido a um tempo de isquemia, que aumentou progressivamente (15, 30 e 60 minutos), exceto no último grupo com dois animais e que näo foi submetido a nenhum procedimento isquemiante. Foram observadas alteraçöes evidentes nas curvas de swelling mitocondrial energizado nos animais submetidos a 60 minutos de isquemia, quando se comparou amostras do lado isquêmico em relaçäo ao controle, isto ficou ainda mais claro quando se adicionou o antibiótico Alameticina durante os ensaios laboratoriais do swelling mitocondrial. Foi possível chegar às seguintes conclusöes: o swelling funciona como indicador de diferenciaçäo mitocondrial entre diversos tecidos; a mitocôndria do cérebro, quando exposta ao efeito da Alameticina, apresenta uma sensibilidade diferenciada em relaçäo às dos outros tecidos; a mitocôndria do cérebro submetido a isquemia durante 60 minutos se torna mais sensível à Alameticina; e finalmente, as mitocôndrias do cérebro apresentam uma instalaçäo extremamente rápida da reversäo do swelling.
Assuntos
Animais , Gatos , Isquemia Encefálica , Dilatação Mitocondrial/fisiologia , Alameticina , Antibacterianos , MitocôndriasRESUMO
Introduçäo e objetivo - em transplante renal com doador cadáver, a funçäo do enxerto depende da manutençäo da integridade celular e subcelular, principalmente mitocondrial. Neste estudo o objetivo foi analisar a funçäo mitocondrial do rins submetidos a período prolongado de isquemia fria, seguido de reperfusäo por uma hora, empregando-se, ou näo, a clorpromazina previamente à isquemia. Métodos - utilizando autotransplante renal em cäes, subdivididos em dois grupos, foram extraidas mitocôndrias de rins submetidos à isquemia fria de 48 horas, seguida de 1 hora de reperfusäo pós-transplante. Um grupo recebeu clorpromazina antes da nefrectomia. A análise da fosforilaçäo oxidativa e do intumescimento osmótico ("swelling") mitocôndrial foi comparada com dados obtidos de rins normais, sem isquemia. Resultados - Os dados obtidos para o estado III e IV da respiraçäo näo mostraram diferença significativa entre os grupos experimentais. A primeira fase do "swelling" ocorreu em tempo semelhante em todos os grupos experimentais. Durante a reversäo, os grupos I e II se comportaram de maneira estatisticamente semelhante, com fraçöes de reversäo de 57 por cento, e 68 por cento, respectivamente, valores significativamente menores que os obtidos para o grupo normal (99 por cento) (grupo I: p = 0,0374 e grupo II: p = 0,0221). Discussäo - é conhecida a açäo protetora da clorpromazina na isquemia renal normotérmica. Entretanto, os dados aqui obtidos mostram que após 48 horas de isquemia fria, o grupo II (clorpromazina) comportou-se de maneira semelhante ao grupo I (hipotermia isolada) tanto no estudo da fosforilaçäo oxidativa, quanto no "swelling", embora os valores apresentem tendência a serem maiores no grupo II. Isto pode ser devido a alguns fatores, como: 1) a clorpromazina possui efeito protetor mínimo quando o tempo de isquemia é prolongado; 2) seu efeito pode ser afetado ou sua açäo protetora sobreposta àquela imposta pela hipotermia; 3) tempo de reperfusäo curto para manifestaçäo de seus efeitos.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Cães , Clorpromazina , Antagonistas de Dopamina , Isquemia , Rim , Transplante de Rim , Mitocôndrias , Reperfusão/métodos , Nefrectomia , Transplante Autólogo/métodosRESUMO
The activity of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in kidney and liver, and in vivo gluconeogenic activity, were determined during different phases of prolonged fasting in quails. The fasting-induced changes in the activity of kidney cytoplasmic PEPCK were positively correlated with the changes in gluconeogenesis. Both activities increased at the initial phase (I) of fasting to levels 65% to 100% higher than fed values, and decreased during the protein-sparing period (phase II), although remaining higher than in fed birds. At the catabolic final phase (III) both kidney cytoplasmic PEPCK activity and gluconeogenesis increased markedly, attaining levels 115% to 150% higher than fed values. The activity of liver cytoplasmic PEPCK, present in appreciable amounts in quails, did not change during phases I and II of fasting, but increased to levels 60% higher than fed values at the final phase (III). Plasma glucose levels at phase III did not differ significantly from those at phases I and II. In both kidney and liver the activity of the mitochondrial PEPCK was not significantly affected by fasting. The data suggest that the kidney cytoplasmic PEPCK is the main enzyme responsible for gluconeogenesis adjustments during food deprivation in quails, and that this function is complemented at the final phase by enzyme present in liver cytosol.
Assuntos
Jejum/fisiologia , Gluconeogênese/fisiologia , Rim/enzimologia , Fígado/enzimologia , Fosfoenolpiruvato Carboxiquinase (GTP)/metabolismo , Animais , Bicarbonatos/farmacocinética , Glicemia , Radioisótopos de Carbono , Coturnix , Citosol/enzimologia , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Masculino , Mitocôndrias/enzimologiaRESUMO
The present studies were carried out to assess directly sympathetic activity in white adipose tissue in response to cold exposure. Norepinephrine (NE) content and NE turnover rates were determined in epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose tissue from rats exposed to cold (4 degrees C) and controls kept at ambient temperature. Parallel measurements were made in interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT), in which activation of catecholaminergic innervation by cold exposure is well known. Exposure to 4 degrees C for 4 h reduced the endogenous NE content by 50% in IBAT and by 30% in both epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose tissues. Compared to warm controls, average values of fractional rates of turnover and cf turnover rates, estimated with alpha-methyl-tyrosine, increased 5-fold in IBAT and 2.5-3-fold in epididymal and retroperitoneal tissues from rats exposed to cold. The present data provide the first direct evidence that white adipose tissue sympathetic activity is increased during acute cold exposure.
Assuntos
Adaptação Fisiológica/fisiologia , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Norepinefrina/metabolismo , Sistema Nervoso Simpático/fisiologia , Tecido Adiposo/química , Tecido Adiposo/inervação , Adrenalectomia , Animais , Temperatura Baixa , Epididimo/inervação , Epididimo/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos não Esterificados/sangue , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
The present study was carried out to investigate the biochemical and morphological changes in the liver after ligation of the hepatic artery (HA) in the presence and in the absence of extrahepatic cholestasis (EHC). The study was conducted on 100 rats divided into four groups of 25 animals each: group 1, sham operation; group 2, hepatic artery ligation (HAL); group 3, bile duct ligation (BDL); and group 4, HAL plus BDL. All animals were sacrificed 7 days after surgery when total bilirubin and fractions, alkaline phosphatase (AP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured in serum and on the inner hepatocyte mitochondrial membrane (IHMM); the incidence of necrosis and the volume fractions of vessels, bile ducts and hepatocytes in the liver were also determined. HAL reduces the relative volumes of bile ducts, with no changes in levels of bilirubin and fractions, AP, ALT, AST and IHMM, but HAL associated with EHC reduces duct proliferation and the liver becomes more vulnerable to necrosis. In conclusion, the normal liver depends on HA flow and this dependence is more evident in the presence of EHC.
Assuntos
Colestase/patologia , Fígado/patologia , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Animais , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Bilirrubina/análise , Artéria Hepática , Ligadura , Fígado/química , Circulação Hepática , Membranas/química , Mitocôndrias Hepáticas/química , Necrose , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Previous studies indicated a role for ischemia in the metabolic changes induced by cholestasis. Liver pyruvate kinase is a key enzyme for the concurrent control of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. In this experiment the control of pyruvate kinase activity was investigated in cholestatic rats. Pyruvate kinase kinetics changed from a sigmoidal type in sham-operated rats to a hyperbolic type in obstructed rats. The change in the enzymatic kinetics paralleled the reduction in the portal blood flow, which reached 50% of the control value 7 days after obstruction. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP (5 mumol/kg body wt) plus theophylline 0.1 mmol/L failed to inactivate the enzyme when injected into the portal veins of rats whose livers were obstructed 7 days before. Both the kinetics changes and the lack of phosphorylation control are compatible with ischemia.
Assuntos
Colestase/fisiopatologia , Gluconeogênese , Fígado/metabolismo , Sistema Porta/fisiopatologia , Animais , Colestase/metabolismo , AMP Cíclico/farmacologia , Ativação Enzimática , Frutosedifosfatos/farmacologia , Cinética , Masculino , Piruvato Quinase/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fluxo Sanguíneo RegionalRESUMO
The present study was performed to correlate changes in hepatic morphology with hepatic artery ligation (HAL) in the presence of extrahepatic cholestasis (EHC). The study was conducted on 36 male Wistar rats weighing 350 to 400 g, divided at random into four groups of 9 animals each: group I, sham operation (control); group II, HAL; group III, bile duct ligation (BDL); group IV, HAL plus BDL. After seven days, liver fragments were obtained for morphological study. The relative volume of the bile ducts was I > II < III and III > IV (P < 0.05). These data indicate that arterial irrigation is important for the nutrition of the biliary tree. Seventy-six percent of the animals submitted to HAL plus BDL showed hepatic necrosis. In general, the liver probably becomes more dependent on HA flow in the presence of EHC.
Assuntos
Colestase Extra-Hepática , Artéria Hepática , Fígado/patologia , Animais , Ligadura/efeitos adversos , Fígado/irrigação sanguínea , Circulação Hepática , Masculino , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
The present study was performed to correlate changes in hepatic morphology with hepatic artery ligation (HAL) in the presence of extrahepatic cholestasis (EHC). The study was conducted on 36 male Wistar rats weighing 350 to 400 g, divided at random into four groups of 9 animals each: group I, sham operation (control); group II, HAL; group III, bile duct ligation (BDL); group IV, HAL plus BDL. After seven days, liver fragments were obtained for morphiological study. The relative volume of the bile ducts was I>II
Assuntos
Ratos , Artéria Hepática/anatomia & histologia , Colestase Extra-Hepática , Fígado/lesões , Necrose , Artéria Hepática/irrigação sanguínea , EmboliaRESUMO
Skeletal muscle temperature and mitochondrial content of Ca2+ and Mg2+ were measured after 3 h of total or partial limb ischemia in male Wistar rats (250-350 g). The decreases in biceps muscle temperature, measured with a needle thermistor (4.4 +/- 0.26 degrees C, mean +/- SEM (17 rats) and 6.3 +/- 0.26 degrees C (31 rats) in partial ischemia (PI, aorta clamp) and total ischemia (TI, hind leg tourniquet), respectively) were consistent with the expected extent of blood flow reduction for the two ischemic conditions. Mitochondrial calcium levels increased after partial ischemia from 2.67 +/- 0.13 (46 rats) to 4.65 +/- 0.38 (12 rats) nmol/mg protein and increased to 7.87 +/- 0.68 (14 rats) after total ischemia (P less than 0.05). In contrast, mitochondrial magnesium decreased after partial ischemia from 10.14 +/- 0.35 to 8.22 +/- 0.28 (13 rats) but increased in the mitochondria of muscle submitted to total ischemia to 12.0 +/- 0.80 (14 rats; P less than 0.05). No changes were observed in the number of binding sites for safranine, which competes for calcium binding sites on the inner mitochondrial membrane (25.46 +/- 0.38 nmol/mg protein for sham (20 rats) and 25 +/- 0.68 (7 rats) for PI and 25 +/- 0.31 (5 rats) for TI). The data suggest that the greater resistance of rat muscle to total than to partial ischemia may be due at least in part to the increased mitochondrial Mg2+ content.
Assuntos
Cálcio/metabolismo , Isquemia/metabolismo , Magnésio/metabolismo , Mitocôndrias Musculares/metabolismo , Músculos/irrigação sanguínea , Animais , Temperatura Corporal , Masculino , Músculos/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos EndogâmicosRESUMO
To investigate the effect of extrahepatic cholestasis on integrity of the inner mitochondrial membrane, a study was conducted on two groups of rats: sham-operated control animals (N = 10) and rats subjected to extrahepatic cholestasis (EHC, N = 10) by double ligation of the hepatic duct. The animals were observed for 7 days and then sacrificed. The EHC group presented significantly higher serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubins and alkaline phosphatase than the controls (P less than 0.01). Basal mitochondrial respiration (state IV), analyzed separately using either alpha-ketoglutarate or alpha-ketoglutarate + pyruvate as substrates, was similar in the two groups (P greater than 0.01). ADP-activated respiration, state III, diminished significantly in the EHC group. The results show that the decrease in mitochondrial function that has been reported by several investigators to occur in EHC is due to mitochondrial alterations not related to the ability of these organelles to maintain the proton gradient, since the inner mitochondrial membrane continued to be energized throughout the observation period.
Assuntos
Colestase Extra-Hepática/fisiopatologia , Membranas Intracelulares/fisiologia , Mitocôndrias Hepáticas/fisiologia , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Fosfatase Alcalina/sangue , Animais , Bilirrubina/sangue , Colestase Extra-Hepática/sangue , Fígado/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos EndogâmicosRESUMO
To investigate the effect of extrahepatic cholestasis on integrity of the inner mitochondrial membrane, a study was conduced on two groups of rats: sham-operated control animals (N=10) and rats subjected to extrahepatic cholestasis (EHC, N+10) by double ligation of the hepatic duct. The animals were observed for 7 days and then sacrificed. The EHC group presented significantly hugher serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubins and alkakine phosphatase than the controls (P<0.01). Basal mitochondrial respiration (state IV), analyzed separately using either *-ketoglutarate or *-ketoglutarate+ pyruvate as substrates, was similar in the two groups (P>0.01). ADP-activated respiration, state III, dimished significantly in the EHC group. The results show that the decrease in mitochondrial function that has been reported by several investigators to occur in EHC is due to mitochondrial a alterations not related to the ability of these organelles to maintain the proton gradient, since the inner mitochondrial membrane continued to be energized throughtout the observation period
Assuntos
Ratos , Animais , Masculino , Colestase Extra-Hepática/cirurgia , Mitocôndrias Hepáticas/fisiologia , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Fosfatase Alcalina/sangue , Bilirrubina/sangue , Colestase Extra-Hepática/sangue , Fígado/fisiopatologia , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Sekeletal muscle temperature and mitochondrial content of Ca2 and Mg2+ were measured after 3 h of total or partial limb ischemia in male Wistar rats (250-350g). The decreases in biceps muscle temperature, measured with a needle thermistor (4.4 ñ 0.26-C (31 rats) in partial ischemia (PI, aorta clamp) and total ischemia (TI, hind leg tourniquet), respectively) were consistent with the expected extente of blood flow reduction for the two ischemic conditions. Mitochondrial calcium levels increased after partial ischemia from 2.67 ñ 0.13 (46 rats) to 4.65 ñ 0.38 (12 rats) nmol/mg protein and increased to 7.87 ñ 0.68 (14 rats) after total ischemia (P<0.05). In contrast, mitochondrial magnesium decreased after partial ischemia from 10.14 ñ 0.35 to 8.22 ñ0.28 (13 rats) but increased in the mitochondria of muscle submitted to total ischemia to 12.0 ñ 0.80 (14 rats; P < 0.05). No changes were observed in the number of binding sites for safranine which competes for calcium binding sites on the inner mitochondrial membrane (25.46 ñ 0.38 nmol/mg protein for sham (20 rats) and 25 ñ 0.68 (7 rats) for PI and 25 ñ 0.31 (5 rats) for TI). The data suggest that the greater resistance of rats muscle to total than to partial ischemia may be due at least in part to the increased mitochondrial Mg2+ content
Assuntos
Ratos , Animais , Masculino , Cálcio/metabolismo , Extremidades/irrigação sanguínea , Isquemia/fisiopatologia , Magnésio/metabolismo , Mitocôndrias Musculares/metabolismo , Músculos/metabolismo , Ratos Endogâmicos , TemperaturaRESUMO
Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels are normal or discretely increased in rats with chronic extrahepatic cholestasis (CEHC). During the acute phase (first 72 h after biliary obstruction), however, serum transaminase values are quite elevated due to a mechanism not yet fully elucidated. Thus, this is a good experimental model, not involving hepatocellular necrosis, for the study of serum ALT and AST levels during the acute phase of CEHC. Male Wistar rats (250-350 g) were divided into two groups: group A (N = 60) was submitted to sham operation for bile duct ligation (BDL), and group B (N = 60) was submitted to BDL. Thirty and 120 min after BDL there was a 1.5-fold increase in both serum ALT and AST levels compared to sham-operated rats (P less than 0.05). Serum ALT levels were higher than AST levels as early as 30 min after BDL and the highest serum values for both transaminases were observed at 360 min which was also the last value measured. Serum AST levels increased 120 min after BDL, with no further significant increases thereafter.
Assuntos
Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Colestase Extra-Hepática/enzimologia , Animais , Colestase Extra-Hepática/fisiopatologia , Doença Crônica , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos EndogâmicosRESUMO
Because of the liver's dependence on arterial blood to exert its metabolic functions in cirrhosis of the liver, with or without thrombosis of the portal vein, the interruption of hepatic arterial flow for the palliative treatment of malignant tumors of the liver is counterindicated. However, the effects of arterial devascularization on the cholestatic liver are not fully understood. The objective of the present study was to investigate hepatic alterations due to hepatic artery ligation in rats with chronic extrahepatic cholestasis. Serum alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase were measured in rats 3 h after sham operation (group A, N = 29) or ligation of the hepatic artery (group B, N = 29). Alanine aminotransferase activity was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in group B, demonstrating acute hepatocellular damage in animals with chronic extrahepatic cholestasis.
Assuntos
Colestase Extra-Hepática/metabolismo , Artéria Hepática , Fígado/metabolismo , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Animais , Colestase Extra-Hepática/fisiopatologia , Ligadura , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos EndogâmicosRESUMO
Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels are normal or discretely increased in rats with chronic extrahepatic cholestasis (CEHC). During the acute phase (first 72 h after biliary obstruction), however, serum transminase values are quite elevated due to a mechanism not yet fully elucidated. Thus, this is a good experimental model, not involving hepatocellular necrosis, for the study of serum ALT and AST levels during the acute phase of CEHC. Male Wistar rats (250-350 g) were divided into two groups: group A(N = 60) was submitted to sham operation for bile duct ligation (BDL), and group B (N = 60) was submitted to BDL. Thirty and 120 min after BDL there was a 1.5-fold increase in both serum ALT and AST levels compared to sham-operated rats (P<0.05). Serum ALT levels were higher than AST levels as early as 30 min after BDL and the highest serum values for both transaminases were observed at 360 min which was also the last value measured. Serum AST levels increased 120 min after BDL, with no further significant increase thereafter
Assuntos
Ratos , Animais , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Colestase Extra-Hepática/sangue , Colestase Extra-Hepática/fisiopatologia , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Because of the liver's dependence on arterial blood to exert metabolic functions in cirrhosis of the liver, this or without thrombosis of the portal vein, the interruption of hepatic arterial flow for the pallitive treatment of malignant tumors of the liver is counterindicated. However, the effects of arterial devascularization on the cholestatic liver are not fully understood. The objective of the present study was to investigate hepatic alterations due to hepatic artery ligation in rats with chroni extrahepatic cholestasis. Serum alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase were measured in rats 3 h after sham operation (group A, N = 29) or ligation of the hepatic artery (group B, N = 29). Alamine aminotransferase activity was significanty higher (P < 0.05) in group B, demonstrating acute hepatocellular damage in animals with chronic extrahepatic cholestasis
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Artéria Hepática/cirurgia , Colestase Extra-Hepática/cirurgia , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Colestase Extra-Hepática/fisiopatologia , Ligadura , Fígado/fisiopatologia , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Intracerebroventricular administration of carbachol (27 nmol in 5 microliters 0.15 M NaCl) produced marked hyperglycemia in 24-h fasted rats, despite the negligible amounts of preformed liver glycosyl residues. To investigate the possibility of a stimulation of gluconeogenesis, conscious unrestrained rats were continuously infused with [14C]bicarbonate (0.51 microliters, 0.18 muCi/min) and label incorporation into circulating glucose determined before and after intraventricular injection. The rate of 14C incorporation into blood glucose of fed rats was not affected by intraventricular injection of 0.15 M NaCl but increased significantly after carbachol administration. In both fed and 24-h fasted rats the hyperglycemia induced by intraventricular carbachol was accompanied by marked increases in plasma lactate. Previous adrenodemedullation prevented both the hyperglycemia and the hyperlactemia. Liver pyruvate kinase activity was reduced in carbachol-treated rats, when the enzyme was assayed with suboptimal concentrations of phosphoenolpyruvate and in the absence of fructose 1,6-biphosphate. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity was not affected. The data suggest that central chemical stimulation with cholinergic agents induces a rapid activation of liver gluconeogenesis, which probably results from an increased sympathetic outflow for epinephrine secretion by the adrenal medulla.
Assuntos
Carbacol/farmacologia , Ventrículos Cerebrais/fisiologia , Gluconeogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Animais , Glicemia/metabolismo , Ventrículos Cerebrais/efeitos dos fármacos , Jejum , Hiperglicemia/induzido quimicamente , Hiperglicemia/metabolismo , Injeções Intraventriculares , Cinética , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Valores de ReferênciaRESUMO
Intravenous glucose tolerance tests and measurements with [6-3H]glucose of rate of glucose replacement, transit time, and body glucose mass were performed in fed and fasted Hoplias malabaricus. Both glycemia levels and the rate of decline of blood glucose following intravenous administration of 500 mg/kg glucose were significantly lower in 60-day-fasted than in fed fish. Changes in plasma free fatty acids were opposite to those in blood glucose. The rate of glucose replacement, calculated graphically from mean +/- 3 SE plots of glucose specific radioactivity, was 0.71 (0.66-0.77) mg.kg-1.min-1 in fed H. malabaricus and decreased to 0.51 (0.46-0.56) mg.kg-1.min-1 after 60 days without food, with a concomitant reduction of body glucose mass (mmin, 138 vs. 83 mg/kg). In fish starved for 10 mo the rate of glucose replacement and body glucose mass were further reduced to 0.35 (0.29-0.42) mg.kg-1.min-1 and 57 mg/kg (mmin), respectively. It is concluded that a progressive decline in the rate of glucose utilization contributes to the adaptation of fish to prolonged fasting.
Assuntos
Glicemia/metabolismo , Jejum , Peixes/metabolismo , Glucose/metabolismo , Animais , Ácidos Graxos não Esterificados/sangue , Teste de Tolerância a Glucose , Cinética , Valores de ReferênciaRESUMO
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vivo effect of high chlorpromazine (CPZ) doses on hepatocellular function. Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 200 to 250 g were divided into two groups: control (C, N = 17), injected ip with saline, and CPZ (N = 13), injected ip with high chlorpromazine doses (initial dose of 30 mg/kg body weight followed by daily doses of 10 mg/kg for 7 days). No significant differences in serum levels of alanine-aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin or in mitochondrial function (activated and basal respiration and mitochondrial respiration control (activated/basal ratio) were detected between the two groups.