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Objective: To evaluate tooth displacement and periodontal stress generated by the dual action vertical intra-arch technique (DAVIT) for open-bite correction using three-dimensional finite element analysis. Methods: A three-dimensional model of the maxilla was created by modeling the cortical bone, cancellous bone, periodontal ligament, and teeth from the second molar to the central incisor of a hemiarch. All orthodontic devices were designed using specific software to reproduce their morpho-dimensional characteristics, and their physical properties were determined using Young's modulus and Poisson's coefficient of each material. A linear static simulation was performed to analyze the tooth displacements (mm) and maximum stresses (Mpa) induced in the periodontal ligament by the posterior intrusion and anterior extrusion forces generated by the DAVIT. Results: The first and second molars showed the greatest intrusion, whereas the canines and lateral incisors showed the greatest extrusion displacement. A neutral zone of displacement corresponding to the fulcrum of occlusal plane rotation was observed in the premolar region. Buccal tipping of the molars and lingual tipping of the anterior teeth occurred with intrusion and extrusion, respectively. Posterior intrusion generated compressive stress at the apex of the buccal roots and furcation of the molars, while anterior extrusion generated tensile stress at the apex and apical third of the palatal root surface of the incisors and canines. Conclusions: DAVIT mechanics produced a set of beneficial effects for open-bite correction, including molar intrusion, extrusion and palatal tipping of the anterior teeth, and occlusal plane rotation with posterior teeth uprighting.
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BACKGROUND: The authors compared the levels of HIF1-α, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-10 in peri-implant crevicular fluid between patients with or without peri-implantitis. HIF-1α levels were significantly high in the peri-implantitis possibly due to hypoxia triggered by persistent inflammation. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the levels of HIF1-α, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the peri-implant crevicular fluid of patients with and without peri-implantitis. METHODS: Forty patients, comprising 16 with and 24 without peri-implantitis were selected. RESULTS: Patients with peri-implantitis exhibited significantly higher HIF-1α levels than those without peri-implantitis (p=0.0005). TNF-α revealed significant positive correlations with IL-10 (p=0.0008) and VEGF (p=0.0246), whereas HIF-1α and IL-10 levels (p=0.0041) demonstrated a negative and significative correlation in the peri-implantitis group. CONCLUSION: This study, for the first time demonstrates the balance of HIF-1α, TNFα, IL-10, and VEGF in peri-implantitis. It shows an elevated HIF-1α levels in patients with peri-implantitis, which could have stemmed from persistent inflammation- triggered hypoxia. Furthermore, the positive correlation between TNF-α and VEGF suggests intensified proinflammatory activity in peri-implantitis. Nevertheless, further studies are essential to understand these immune dynamics in peri-implantitis. BACKGROUND: Higher levels of HIF-1α in patients with peri-implantitis occurred possibly due to persistent hypoxia triggered by inflammation. BACKGROUND: Tissue hypoxia in peri-implantitis induced increase in HIF-1α consequently increased VEGF and angiogenesis, contributing to the persistence of inflammation.
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Peri-Implantite , Humanos , Interleucina-10 , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular , Inflamação , HipóxiaRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to compare the levels of HIF1-α, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the peri-implant crevicular fluid of patients with and without peri-implantitis. Methods: Forty patients, comprising 16 with and 24 without peri-implantitis were selected. Results: Patients with peri-implantitis exhibited significantly higher HIF-1α levels than those without peri-implantitis (p=0.0005). TNF-α revealed significant positive correlations with IL-10 (p=0.0008) and VEGF (p=0.0246), whereas HIF-1α and IL-10 levels (p=0.0041) demonstrated a negative and significative correlation in the peri-implantitis group. Conclusion: This study, for the first time demonstrates the balance of HIF-1α, TNFα, IL-10, and VEGF in peri-implantitis. It shows an elevated HIF-1α levels in patients with peri-implantitis, which could have stemmed from persistent inflammation- triggered hypoxia. Furthermore, the positive correlation between TNF-α and VEGF suggests intensified proinflammatory activity in peri-implantitis. Nevertheless, further studies are essential to understand these immune dynamics in peri-implantitis.
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Purinergic receptors are transmembrane proteins responsive to extracellular nucleotides and are expressed by several cell types throughout the human body. Among all identified subtypes, the P2×7 receptor has emerged as a relevant target for the treatment of inflammatory disease. Several clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of P2×7R antagonists. However, to date, no selective antagonist has reached clinical use. In this work, we report the pharmacological evaluation of eleven N, S-acetal juglone derivatives as P2×7R inhibitors. Using in vitro assays and in vivo experimental models, we identified one derivative with promising inhibitory activity and low toxicity. Our in silico studies indicate that the 1,4-naphthoquinone moiety might be a valuable molecular scaffold for the development of novel P2×7R antagonists, as suggested by our previous studies.
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Acetais , Naftoquinonas , Humanos , Receptores Purinérgicos P2X7 , Trifosfato de Adenosina/metabolismoRESUMO
Verificar a rotina dos cirurgiões-dentistas (CD) e a utilização das mídias sociais, como meio de divulgação profissional e de atração de pacientes em clínicas odontológicas privadas, durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Este estudo transversal qualitativo inclui questionários respondidos por CD atuantes em clínicas privadas na região sudeste do Brasil. Um questionário virtual, elaborado através da plataforma Google Forms, abordou informações sobre o perfil dos profissionais e os aspectos dos métodos publicitários e mídias sociais utilizados para o alcance de pacientes durante o período de pandemia de Covid-19. Os dados obtidos foram tabulados e submetidos à análise estatística descritiva (%). No total, 102 CD participaram do estudo, sendo que 96 questionários seguiram os critérios de inclusão para a análise dos dados. A divulgação social como meio de exposição profissional foi uma ação realizada por 75 (78,13%) CD da amostra. Considerando esses profissionais, 74 (98,67%) utilizam redes sociais e domínios virtuais para tal finalidade, sendo que 71 (95,95%) CD usufruem do Instagram. Grande parte dos participantes (71,62%) relatou não possuir assessoria de marketing especializada para fazer publicações de conteúdo profissional nas redes sociais, embora a maioria publique este tipo de conteúdo mais de uma vez por semana (58,11%). Uma grande parcela dos participantes do estudo (67,71%) notou que a pandemia de Covid-19 procovou diminuição na quantidade de pacientes nas clínicas odontológicas. A inclusão de outros equipamentos de proteção individual foi a conduta mais seguida pelos CD (56,25%) para evitar a transmissão da doença neste período. Conclui-se que os CD participantes acreditam que a pandemia de Covid-19 promoveu um impacto negativo na atração de pacientes em clínicas odontológicas privadas na região sudeste brasileira, ainda que a maioria destes profissionais tenham incluído outros equipamentos de proteção individual como medida de segurança e utilizem frequentemente redes sociais para divulgação de conteúdo profissional, tendo o Instagram como a principal mídia social. No entanto, a assessoria de marketing especializada em publicações de conteúdo profissional nas redes sociais ainda é um recurso pouco utilizado no meio odontológico(AU)
To verify the routine of Dental Surgeons (DS) and the use of social media as a means of professional dissemination and patient attraction in private dental clinics during the Covid-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional qualitative study included questionnaires answered by Dental Surgeons working in private clinics in the southeastern region of Brazil. A virtual questionnaire, which was developed through the Google Forms platform, addressed information about the profile of professionals and aspects of advertising methods and social media used to reach patients during the Covid-19 pandemic period. The data were tabulated and submitted to descriptive statistical analysis (%). A total of 102 Dental Surgeons participated in the study, with 96 questionnaires meeting the inclusion criteria for data analysis. Social disclosure as a means of professional exposure was an action performed by 75 (78.13%) Dental Surgeons of the survey. Considering these professionals, 74 (98.67%) use social networks and virtual domains for this purpose and 71 (95.95%) Dental Surgeons use Instagram. A large portion of the participants (71.62%) reported not having a specialized marketing consultancy to make professional contente publications on social media, although most publish this type of content more than once a week (58.11%). A large portion of study participants (67.71%) noted that the Covid-19 pandemic caused a decrease in the amount of patients in the dental clinics. The inclusion of other personal protective equipment was the conduct most followed by the Dental Surgeons (56.25%) to avoid the transmission of the disease in this period. It can be concluded that the participating Dental Surgeons believe that the Covid-19 pandemic promoted a negative impact on attracting patients in private dental clinics in the southeastern region of Brazil, in spite of most of these professionals have included other personal protective equipment as safety measure and frequently use social networks for dissemination of professional content, with Instagram as main social media. However, a marketing consultancy specialized in publishing professional content on social networks is still a resource which is little used in the dental environment(AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Odontólogos , Mídias Sociais , COVID-19 , Marketing , Rede SocialRESUMO
The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is an ion channel that promotes the passage of ions through the membrane through brief stimulation once activated by ATP, its endogenous opener. However, prolonged stimulation with ATP, which occurs in pathological processes, opens a nonselective pore in the plasma membrane, allowing the passage of large molecules and leading to cytokine release or even cell death. In this sense, the search for new inhibitors for this receptor has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years. Considering the booming of biomass upgrading reactions in recent years and the continued efforts to synthesize biologically active molecules containing the 1,2,3-triazole ring, in the present work, we aimed to investigate whether triazole-linked menadione-furan derivatives could present P2X7R inhibitory activity. The novel compounds were tested for their inhibitory activity on ATP-induced dye uptake in peritoneal macrophages. Some have shown promising results, having displayed IC50 values lower than that of the P2X7R inhibitor BBG. Molecular docking studies also indicated that the active compounds bind to an allosteric site on P2X7R, presenting potential P2X7R inhibition.
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Triazóis , Vitamina K 3 , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Triazóis/farmacologia , Trifosfato de Adenosina/farmacologia , Furanos/farmacologia , Receptores Purinérgicos P2X7 , Antagonistas do Receptor Purinérgico P2X/farmacologiaRESUMO
AIM: To evaluate the initial adhesion and formation of Streptococcus mutans biofilm in vitro in the presence of saliva, human colostrum and 3'-sialyllactose. METHODS: Human colostrum and salivas were collected from 30 mothers and newborn postpartum. Eighteen hours culture of S. mutans was treated with colostrum or 3'-sialyllactose in three different moments: before, during, and after 24 h from the microbial inoculation. Salivas were also tested in conjunction with colostrum. The assays were realized in sterile 96-well flat-bottom microtiter plates for 24 h. The biofilms were fixed, washed, stained with crystal violet, and extracted. Absorbance was measured to evaluate biofilm growth mass. RESULTS: Colostrum applied after and during the inoculation decreased biofilm formation when compared with the control (p < .05). The presence of saliva increased the biofilm biomass (p < .05). The application of 3'-sialyllactose reduced biofilm formation independently of moments of application (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Saliva contributed to the proliferation of biofilm and colostrum did not prevent the initial adhesion, but interfered in the accumulation and development of microorganisms in biofilms. 3'-sialyllactose significantly decreased biofilm formation. This information expands the importance of colostrum as a potent oral antimicrobial biofluid.
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Colostro , Streptococcus mutans , Biofilmes , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Oligossacarídeos , Gravidez , SalivaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a potential target for the treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders. Its activation by cold exposure or adrenergic drugs can increase systemic insulin sensitivity and improve lipid metabolism; however, little is known about the effects of specific dietary components on BAT activity. OBJECTIVES: We asked if a short-term (4 weeks) dietary intervention with olive oil could modify BAT activity in lean and overweight/obese volunteers. DESIGN: This was a 4-week open clinical trial in which all participants underwent a dietary intervention with extra-virgin olive oil supplementation. As the initial intake of olive oil was controlled all the participants were controls of themselves. RESULTS: The intervention resulted in significant increase in blood monounsaturated fatty acid levels, which was accompanied by increased BAT activity in lean but not in overweight/obese volunteers. In the lean group, an increase in leptin was detected after the intervention, and low leptin values at the beginning of the study were predictive of greater BAT activity after intervention. In addition, increase in leptin concentration was associated with increased BAT activity. Three known endogenous mediators of BAT activity, secretin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), and 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid (12,13-diHOME) were increased by intervention in lean, whereas only secretin and FGF21 were increased in subjects with excessive weight. CONCLUSION: This study provides clinical evidence for the impact of monounsaturated fatty acids on BAT activity and an advance in the understanding of the beneficial health effects of olive oil.
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Tecido Adiposo Marrom/fisiologia , Obesidade/dietoterapia , Azeite de Oliva/administração & dosagem , Sobrepeso/dietoterapia , Magreza/dietoterapia , Tecido Adiposo Marrom/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade/metabolismo , Sobrepeso/metabolismo , Prognóstico , Magreza/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the density of anti-galectin-3-immunostained cells, collagen percentage, mast cell density and presence of pathological processes in intestinal muscle biopsies of patients. METHODS: Thirty-five patients who underwent intestinal biopsy were selected from 1997 to 2015. Patients were divided into three groups: chagasic patients with mucosal lesion (n=13), chagasic patients with intact mucosa (n=12) and non-chagasic patients with no mucosal lesion (n=10). Histological processing of the biopsied fragments and immunohistochemistry for galectin-3 were performed. Additional sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to evaluate the general pathological processes, picrosirius for evaluation of collagen and toluidine blue to evaluate the mast cell density. RESULTS: Patients of mucosal lesion group had a significantly higher frequency of ganglionitis and myositis when compared to the chagasic patients with intact mucosa and non-chagasic group. The density of anti-galectin-3-immunostained cells was significantly higher in the chagasic patients with intact mucosa group when compared to the non-chagasic group. The group of chagasic patients with intact mucosa presented a higher percentage of collagen in relation to the patients with mucosal lesion and to the non-chagasic group, with a significant difference. There was no significant difference in mast cell density among the three groups. CONCLUSION: The higher density of anti-galectin-3-immunostained cells in patients in the chagasic patients with intact mucosa group suggested the need for greater attention in clinical evaluation of these patients, since this protein is associated with neoplastic transformation and progression.
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Anticorpos Monoclonais/análise , Doença de Chagas/patologia , Colonoscopia/métodos , Galectina 3/análise , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Megacolo/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Análise de Variância , Biópsia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Contagem de Células , Colágeno/análise , Feminino , Fibrose , Galectina 3/imunologia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Mastócitos/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Miosite/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the density of anti-galectin-3-immunostained cells, collagen percentage, mast cell density and presence of pathological processes in intestinal muscle biopsies of patients. Methods Thirty-five patients who underwent intestinal biopsy were selected from 1997 to 2015. Patients were divided into three groups: chagasic patients with mucosal lesion (n=13), chagasic patients with intact mucosa (n=12) and non-chagasic patients with no mucosal lesion (n=10). Histological processing of the biopsied fragments and immunohistochemistry for galectin-3 were performed. Additional sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to evaluate the general pathological processes, picrosirius for evaluation of collagen and toluidine blue to evaluate the mast cell density. Results Patients of mucosal lesion group had a significantly higher frequency of ganglionitis and myositis when compared to the chagasic patients with intact mucosa and non-chagasic group. The density of anti-galectin-3-immunostained cells was significantly higher in the chagasic patients with intact mucosa group when compared to the non-chagasic group. The group of chagasic patients with intact mucosa presented a higher percentage of collagen in relation to the patients with mucosal lesion and to the non-chagasic group, with a significant difference. There was no significant difference in mast cell density among the three groups. Conclusion The higher density of anti-galectin-3-immunostained cells in patients in the chagasic patients with intact mucosa group suggested the need for greater attention in clinical evaluation of these patients, since this protein is associated with neoplastic transformation and progression.
RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a densidade de células imunomarcadas por anti-galectina-3, a percentagem de colágeno, a densidade de mastócitos e a presença de processos patológicos na musculatura intestinal de pacientes biopsiados. Métodos Foram selecionados 35 pacientes submetidos à biópsia de intestino entre 1997 a 2015. Os pacientes foram divididos em três grupos: chagásicos com lesão de mucosa (n=13), chagásicos com mucosa íntegra (n=12) e não chagásicos sem lesão de mucosa (n=10). Foram realizados processamento histológico dos fragmentos biopsiados e imunohistoquímica para galectina-3. Cortes adicionais foram corados por hematoxilina e eosina, para avaliar os processos patológicos gerais, pelo picrosírius, para avaliação do colágeno, e pelo azul de toluidina, para avaliar a densidade de mastócitos. Resultados Os pacientes do grupo chagásicos com lesão de mucosa apresentaram frequência significativamente maior de ganglionite e miosite quando comparados aos dos grupos chagásico com mucosa íntegra e não chagásicos. A densidade das células imunomarcadas por anti-galectina-3 foi significativamente maior no grupo chagásicos com mucosa íntegra quando comparada ao grupo não chagásico. O grupo de chagásicos com mucosa íntegra apresentou maior percentagem de colágeno em relação aos grupos chagásicos com mucosa lesada e ao grupo de não chagásicos, com diferença significativa. Não houve diferença significativa com relação à densidade de mastócitos entre os três grupos. Conclusão A maior densidade de células imunomarcadas por anti-galectina-3 nos pacientes do grupo chagásico com mucosa íntegra sugere a necessidade de maior atenção na avaliação clínica desses pacientes, uma vez que essa proteína está associada com transformação e progressão neoplásica.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Colonoscopia/métodos , Doença de Chagas/patologia , Galectina 3/análise , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Megacolo/patologia , Anticorpos Monoclonais/análise , Biópsia , Fibrose , Imuno-Histoquímica , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Contagem de Células , Estudos Retrospectivos , Análise de Variância , Colágeno/análise , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Galectina 3/imunologia , Mastócitos/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Miosite/patologiaRESUMO
Although the salivary glands present several functions, there are few studies evaluating these glands in Chagas disease (CD). This study aimed to compare the percentage of collagen, the presence of inflammation, the density of chimase and tryptase mast cells, the area and density of lingual salivary gland acini in autopsied individuals with and without (CD). We analyzed 400 autopsy reports performed in a tertiary public hospital from 1999 to 2015 and selected all the cases in which tongue fragments were collected (27 cases), 12 with chronic CD without megaesophagus (CH) and 15 without CD (non-chagasic - NC). The histological sections of the tongue were stained by Picrosirius red for collagen evaluation and Hematoxylin-eosin for morphometric evaluation of salivary gland acini and inflammation. Anti-chimase and anti-tryptase antibodies were used for the immunohistochemical evaluation of mast cells. The chagasic patients presented higher volume and lower density of salivary glands acini. There was no difference in the collagen percentage, inflammation and density of mast cell chymase and tryptase between the groups. Although we did not observe a significant difference between the groups regarding the collagen percentage, inflammatory process and mast cell density, our results suggest that even without megaesophagus, chagasic patients present hypertrophy of the lingual salivary glands and lower acinar density probably due to mechanisms independent of the esophagus-glandular stimulus.
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Células Acinares/patologia , Doença de Chagas/patologia , Glândulas Salivares/patologia , Língua/patologia , Idoso , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertrofia , Imuno-Histoquímica , MasculinoRESUMO
Objetivo: descrever a sistematização do cuidado multiprofissional para idosos acamados e de difícil locomoção atendidos em domicílio. Método: Pesquisa convergente assistencial realizada em uma unidade de saúde da família. Os dados foram tratados por análise descritiva. Resultado: Dos 75 sujeitos investigados, 48 (64%) eram mulheres, idade média de 80 anos, 60 apresentaram dificuldade para locomoção (80%), 15 encontraram-se acamados (20%). Destes, 31 (41,33%) são totalmente dependentes de cuidados. O risco para quedas foi alto, presente em 46 (61,33%), o risco para o desenvolvimento de úlcera de pressão foi baixo na maioria 47 (62, 67%). A amostra foi estratificada, e 37 (49,33%) considerados de baixo risco, 15 de risco moderado (20%), 23 graves (30,67%). Conclusão: Estudo revela a importância de sistematizar o fluxo de visitas domiciliares pela equipe multiprofissional, por meio da avaliação e estratificação dos idosos conforme suas vulnerabilidades, dependência social e biológica
Objective: to describe the systematization of multi-professional care for bedridden elderly with reduced mobility receiving home health care services. Method: Convergent care research carried out in a family health unit. Data was treated through descriptive analysis. Results: Among the 75 participants, the majority were women 48 (64%), mean age of 80 years, 60 participants had reduced mobility (80%), and 15 were bedridden (20%). A total of 31 participants (41.33%) were totally dependent. The risk of falling was high among 46 (61.33%) and the risk of developing pressure ulcers was low in most cases (62, 67%). The sample was stratified and 37 (49.33%) were considered of low risk, 15 of moderate risk (20%), and 23 of severe risk (30.67%). Conclusion: This study unveils how important it is for multi-professional teams to systematize the flow of home visits through evaluation and stratification of the elderly, according to their vulnerabilities, as well as social and biological dependence
Objetivo: Describir la sistematización del cuidado multiprofesional a ancianos con permanencia prolongada en la cama y dificultad en la locomoción, atendidos en domicilio. Método: Investigación convergente asistencial que se realizó en una unidad de salud de la familia. Los datos se han tratado por análisis descriptivo. Resultado: Se investigó 75 sujetos, la mayoría fueron mujeres, total de 48 (64%), media de edad de 80 años, 60 sujetos presentaron dificultad en la locomoción (80%), 15 se encontraron con permanencia prolongada en la cama (20%), y 31 sujetos (41,33%) dependían totalmente de cuidado. Los riesgos de caídas fueron altos en 46 ancianos (61,33%), el riesgo de desarrollo de úlcera de presión fue bajo en la mayoría - 47 de los sujetos (62,67%). Se estratificó el muestreo y 37 sujetos (49,33%) fueron considerados de bajo riesgo; 15 de riesgo moderado (20%); y 23, graves (30,67%). Conclusión: El estudio muestra la importancia de sistematizar el flujo de visitas en domicilio por el equipo multiprofesional, por medio de evaluación y estratificación de los ancianos de acuerdo con sus vulnerabilidades, dependencia social y biológica.
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Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Idoso , Saúde da Família , Visita DomiciliarRESUMO
Although microscopic alterations have been detected in tongues and salivary glands of chagasic patients and the identification of biomarkers in saliva has proved advantageous, there are no studies evaluating tongue function and total salivary IgA, IgG and IgM levels in chronic chagasic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate tongue function, salivary flow rate, and total salivary IgA, IgG and IgM levels comparing chronic and non-infected individuals. 37 patients were selected: chronic cardiac chagasic patients (n=6), chronic chagasic patients with the associated form of the disease (cardiopathy and megaesophagus) (n=11), and non-chagasic individuals (n=20). The tongue function underwent a phonoaudiological evaluation. The salivary flow rate was measured by sialometry. The total salivary IgA, IgG and IgM levels were evaluated by sandwich ELISA assay. Chagasic patients with the associated form of the disease presented higher salivary flow rate and lower salivary protein levels. No significant differences were noted in the lingual function or in the total salivary immunoglobulin levels among the groups. Although patients with chagasic megaesophagus presented higher levels of salivary flow and lower salivary protein, the fact that there were no significant differences in lingual function and total salivary immunoglobulin levels among the groups led to the conclusion that chronic chagas disease does not modify the lingual function or the total IgA, IgG and IgM salivary levels. The present study was the first to evaluate the function of the tongue and salivary total immunoglobulin levels in Chagas disease.
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Doenças das Glândulas Salivares , Glândulas Salivares , Imunoglobulina A , Imunoglobulina G , Imunoglobulina M , Doença de ChagasRESUMO
Recent studies show that the metabolic effects of fructose may vary depending on the phase of its consumption along with the light/dark cycle. Here, we investigated the metabolic outcomes of fructose consumption by rats during either the light (LPF) or the dark (DPF) phases of the light/dark cycle. This experimental approach was combined with other interventions, including restriction of chow availability to the dark phase, melatonin administration or intracerebroventricular inhibition of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) with Compound C. LPF, but not DPF rats, exhibited increased hypothalamic AMPK phosphorylation, glucose intolerance, reduced urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-S-Mel) (a metabolite of melatonin) and increased corticosterone levels. LPF, but not DPF rats, also exhibited increased chow ingestion during the light phase. The mentioned changes were blunted by Compound C. LPF rats subjected to dark phase-restricted feeding still exhibited increased hypothalamic AMPK phosphorylation but failed to develop the endocrine and metabolic changes. Moreover, melatonin administration to LPF rats reduced corticosterone and prevented glucose intolerance. Altogether, the present data suggests that consumption of fructose during the light phase results in out-of-phase feeding due to increased hypothalamic AMPK phosphorylation. This shift in spontaneous chow ingestion is responsible for the reduction of 6-S-Mel and glucose intolerance.
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Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/metabolismo , Ritmo Circadiano , Frutose/efeitos adversos , Hipotálamo/efeitos dos fármacos , Melatonina/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/genética , Animais , Corticosterona/sangue , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Intolerância à Glucose , Hipotálamo/metabolismo , Masculino , Melatonina/administração & dosagem , Melatonina/análogos & derivados , Melatonina/urina , Fosforilação , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
Objetivo: verificar a frequência e a ocasião da ingestão de sacarose na dieta de pacientes atendidos na disciplina de Ortodontia Clínica da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Sujeitos e método: o presente estudo analisou, por intermédio do índice de potencial cariogênico e da solicitação de diário alimentar de três dias, a ingestão de sacarose na dieta de pacientes. Além disso, o índice do potencial cariogênico foi associado ao sexo e à idade dos pacientes. Resultados: do total de 82 questionários enviados, houve retorno de 44 (53,7%). A média total do potencial cariogênico foi de 69 pontos (± 24,5), o que corresponde a um escore moderado. Entretanto, 18 pacientes (40,9%) tiveram escore alto do potencial cariogênico, 22 pacientes (50%) escore médio e, somente, 4 pacientes (9,1%) apresentaram escore baixo. O índice do potencial cariogênico não apresentou associação significativa nem com o sexo (p=0,727) nem com a faixa etária (p=0,742) dos pacientes. Houve associação estatística significativa da média do consumo de sacarose entre as refeições com o escore do potencial cariogênico (rs = 0,616; p<0,001). Conclusão: a maior parte dos pacientes (90,9%) tem uma dieta com escore de moderado a alto em relação ao potencial cariogênico. Não foi encontrada associação estatisticamente significativa do potencial cariogênico com o sexo e a faixa etária dos pacientes.
RESUMO
Association between hypertension and bladder symptoms has been described. We hypothesized that micturition dysfunction may be associated with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) acting in urethra. The effects of the anti-hypertensive drugs losartan (AT1 antagonist) and captopril (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor) in comparison with atenolol (ß1-adrenoceptor antagonist independently of RAS blockade) have been investigated in bladder and urethral dysfunctions during renovascular hypertension in rats. Two kidney-1 clip (2K-1C) rats were treated with losartan (30 mg/kg/day), captopril (50mg/kg/day) or atenolol (90 mg/kg/day) for eight weeks. Cystometric study, bladder and urethra smooth muscle reactivities, measurement of cAMP levels and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in urinary tract were determined. Losartan and captopril markedly reduced blood pressure in 2K-1C rats. The increases in non-voiding contractions, voiding frequency and bladder capacity in 2K-1C rats were prevented by treatments with both drugs. Likewise, losartan and captopril prevented the enhanced bladder contractions to electrical-field stimulation (EFS) and carbachol, along with the impaired relaxations to ß-adrenergic-cAMP stimulation. Enhanced neurogenic contractions and impaired nitrergic relaxations were observed in urethra from 2K-1C rats. Angiotensin II also produced greater urethral contractions that were accompanied by higher phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in urethral tissues of 2K-1C rats. Losartan and captopril normalized the urethral dysfunctions in 2K-1C rats. In contrast, atenolol treatment largely reduced the blood pressure in 2K-1C rats but failed to affect the urinary tract smooth muscle dysfunction. The urinary tract smooth muscle dysfunction in 2K-1C rats takes place by local RAS activation irrespective of levels of arterial blood pressure.
Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/farmacologia , Captopril/farmacologia , Hipertensão Renovascular/fisiopatologia , Losartan/farmacologia , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/efeitos dos fármacos , Micção/efeitos dos fármacos , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/farmacologia , Angiotensina II/farmacologia , Animais , Atenolol/farmacologia , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Estimulação Elétrica , Feminino , Hipertensão Renovascular/metabolismo , Masculino , Relaxamento Muscular/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Uretra/efeitos dos fármacos , Uretra/fisiopatologia , Bexiga Urinária/efeitos dos fármacos , Bexiga Urinária/metabolismo , Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Hospitalizações ocorrem em consequência da vulnerabilidade ao adoecimento das pessoas com HIV/Aids. Conhecer respostas humanas identificadas é fundamental para a promoção do cuidado. O estudo objetivou identificar diagnósticos de enfermagem do domínio segurança e proteção da Taxonomia IIda NANDA-I nas pessoas com HIV/Aids emum hospital de Minas Gerais. Pesquisa descritiva realizada com 30 pacientes no período de março a setembro de2011.Para identificação e análise dos diagnósticos utilizou-se o processo de raciocínio clínico de Risner e a estatística descritiva. Identificaram-seem100% dos participantes do estudo os diagnósticos classificados no domínio em questão, o que reforça a vulnerabilidade da clientela estudada. Portanto, destaca-se a importância de priorizar esses diagnósticos encontrados no planejamento das intervençõesde enfermagem de modo sistematizado e enfocar as condiçõesidentificadas para fortalecer as açõesdo cuidado
Hospitalizations of individuals with HIV/Aids are a consequence of their vulnerability to falling ill. Knowing identified human responses is essential to the promotion of health care. The objective of this study was to identify the nursing diagnoses in the safety and protection domain from NANDA-I Taxonomy IIin people with HIV/Aids in a hospital in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This descriptive study was performed with30 patients in the period between March and September of2011. The diagnoses were identified and analyzed by Risner's model of diagnostic reasoning and descriptive statistics It was found that 100%of the participants presented diagnoses in the referred domain, thus reinforcing the vulnerability of the studied clientele. Thus, itis highlighted that prioritizing the identified diagnoses innursing intervention plans is important, as well as focusing the identified conditions to strengthen health care actions
Se efectúan internaciones como consecuencia dela vulnerabilidad a las enfermedades en las personas con HIV/sida. Conocer respuestas humanas identificadas es fundamental para la promoción del cuidado. Se objetivó identificar diagnósticos de enfermería del dominio seguridad y protección según Taxonomía NANDA-I en personas con HIV/sida, enun hospital de Minas Gerais. Investigación descriptiva, realizada con 30 pacientes entre marzo y setiembre de2011. Para identificación y análisis de los diagnósticos se utilizó el proceso de razonamiento clínico de Risner y estadística descriptiva. Se identificaron enel100%de los participantes del estudio los diagnósticos clasificados eneldominio en cuestión,lo cual refuerza la vulnerabilidad dela población estudiada. Por ello, se destaca la importancia depriorizar tales diagnósticos encontrados enla planificación de intervenciones de enfermería de modo sistematizado y enfocarse en las condiciones identificadas para vigorizar las acciones del cuidado
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/diagnóstico , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/enfermagem , Diagnóstico de Enfermagem , Atenção à SaúdeRESUMO
Este trabalho apresenta resultados da composição centesimal, quantificação de fenólicos e atividade antioxidante de partes comestíveis não convencionais das olerícolas: cenoura, couve em folha, beterraba, repolho verde, brócolis e rabanete. A composição centesimal foi determinada de acordo com a metodologia proposta pelo Instituto Adolfo Lutz, sendo o teor de carboidratos totais obtido pela diferença das outras frações analisadas. O teor de compostos fenólicos foi obtido utilizando o reagente folin-ciocaulteal e curva de calibração com o reagente ácido gálico, enquanto que a atividade antioxidante foi realizada utilizando o reagente de DPPH (1,1difenil-2-picrilidrazila). Ao nível de 99% de probabilidade, algumas amostras de partes não convencionalmente comestíveis (talos e folhas) apresentaram diferenças significativas em relação à composição centesimal, mas com teores próximos aos obtidos pela parte convencionalmente comestível do vegetal. Em relação à atividade antioxidade, todas as partes comestíveis não convencionais das olerícolas em estudo apresentaram propriedades antioxidantes, entretanto, a intensidade desta ação foi diferenciada entre elas, sendo que talos de brócolis e folhas e talos de beterraba não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre si.
This paper presents the centesimal composition, total phenolics quantification and antioxidant activity of edible parts of non-conventional vegetables: carrots, cabbage leaf, beetroot, green cabbage, broccoli and radish. The composition was determined according to the methodology proposed by the Institute Adolfo Lutz, and the total carbohydrate obtained from the difference of the other fractions analyzed. The content of phenolic compounds was obtained using the Folin-ciocaulteal and calibration curve with gallic acid, whereas the antioxidant activity was performed using the reagent DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). At the 99% level of probability, some samples showed significant differences in relation to centesimal composition, but at levels proximate to those obtained by conventional edible part of the plant. Regarding the antioxidant activity, all the edible parts of crops in unconventional samples showed antioxidant properties, however, the strength of action in different extent, and broccoli stalks and leaves and stalks of sugar beet showed no significant differences between them.
Assuntos
Plantas , Compostos Fenólicos , Antioxidantes , Brassica , Daucus carota , Beta vulgaris , RaphanusRESUMO
AIMS: The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a major role in cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women, but little is known about its importance to lower urinary tract symptoms. In this study we have used the model of ovariectomized (OVX) estrogen-deficient rats to investigate the role of RAS in functional and molecular alterations in the urethra and bladder. MAIN METHODS: Responses to contractile and relaxant agents in isolated urethra and bladder, as well as cystometry were evaluated in 4-month OVX Sprague-Dawley rats. Angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and Western blotting for AT1/AT2 receptors were examined. KEY FINDINGS: Cystometric evaluations in OVX rats showed increases in basal pressure, capacity and micturition frequency, as well as decreased voiding pressure. Angiotensin II and phenylephrine produced greater urethral contractions in OVX compared with Sham group. Carbachol-induced bladder contractions were significantly reduced in OVX group. Relaxations of urethra and bladder to sodium nitroprusside and BAY 41-2272 were unaffected by OVX. Angiotensin-converting enzyme activity was 2.6-fold greater (p<0.05) in urethral tissue of OVX group, whereas enzyme activity in plasma and bladder remained unchanged. Expressions of AT1 and AT2 receptors in the urethra were markedly higher in OVX group. In bladder, AT1 receptors were not detected, whereas AT2 receptor expression was unchanged between groups. 17ß-Estradiol replacement (0.1mg/kg, weekly) or losartan (30 mg/kg/day) largely attenuated most of the alterations seen in OVX group. SIGNIFICANCE: Prolonged estrogen deprivation leads to voiding dysfunction and urethral hypercontractility that are associated with increased ACE activity and up-regulation of angiotensin AT1/AT2 receptor in the urethral tissue.
Assuntos
Sintomas do Trato Urinário Inferior/etiologia , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/fisiologia , Uretra/fisiologia , Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologia , Angiotensina II/farmacologia , Bloqueadores do Receptor Tipo 1 de Angiotensina II/farmacologia , Animais , Carbacol/farmacologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Estradiol/farmacologia , Feminino , Técnicas In Vitro , Losartan/farmacologia , Ovariectomia , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/metabolismo , Fenilefrina/farmacologia , Pirazóis/farmacologia , Piridinas/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptor Tipo 1 de Angiotensina/metabolismo , Receptor Tipo 2 de Angiotensina/metabolismo , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/efeitos dos fármacos , Uretra/efeitos dos fármacos , Bexiga Urinária/efeitos dos fármacos , Bexiga Urinária/fisiologia , Micção , Vasoconstritores/farmacologiaRESUMO
Melatonin can contribute to glucose homeostasis either by decreasing gluconeogenesis or by counteracting insulin resistance in distinct models of obesity. However, the precise mechanism through which melatonin controls glucose homeostasis is not completely understood. Male Wistar rats were administered an intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of melatonin and one of following: an icv injection of a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, an icv injection of a melatonin receptor (MT) antagonist, or an intraperitoneal (ip) injection of a muscarinic receptor antagonist. Anesthetized rats were subjected to pyruvate tolerance test to estimate in vivo glucose clearance after pyruvate load and in situ liver perfusion to assess hepatic gluconeogenesis. The hypothalamus was removed to determine Akt phosphorylation. Melatonin injections in the central nervous system suppressed hepatic gluconeogenesis and increased hypothalamic Akt phosphorylation. These effects of melatonin were suppressed either by icv injections of PI3K inhibitors and MT antagonists and by ip injection of a muscarinic receptor antagonist. We conclude that melatonin activates hypothalamus-liver communication that may contribute to circadian adjustments of gluconeogenesis. These data further suggest a physiopathological relationship between the circadian disruptions in metabolism and reduced levels of melatonin found in type 2 diabetes patients.