RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder. Late-onset (Lo)-PE can cause serious complications in both the mother and child. This study aimed to explore biomarkers for elucidating the mechanisms underlying Lo-PE, via a metabolomic analysis of first-trimester maternal serum. METHODS: This study was conducted at Fukushima Regional Center as an adjunct to Japan Environment and Children Study and included 12 patients with Lo-PE matched to 12 women with healthy pregnancies. Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry-based quantitative analyses of charged metabolites were performed on first-trimester maternal serum samples. RESULTS: Overall, 183 charged metabolites were identified. The peak area of glucosamine was significantly higher for the first-trimester sera of patients with Lo-PE than that for controls. Conversely, the peak area of serotonin was significantly decreased in the sera of patients with Lo-PE. CONCLUSIONS: During early pregnancy, glucosamine and serotonin levels in maternal serum may serve as early biomarkers for Lo-PE. As part of preconception care, pre-pregnancy dietary habits and mental health could potentially prevent Lo-PE onset.

Asunto(s)

Biomarcadores , Metabolómica , Preeclampsia , Primer Trimestre del Embarazo , Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , Preeclampsia/sangre , Preeclampsia/diagnóstico , Adulto , Metabolómica/métodos , Primer Trimestre del Embarazo/sangre , Biomarcadores/sangre , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Serotonina/sangre

RESUMEN

To explore the effects of Du Meridian moxibustion combined with ear acupuncture on clinical symptoms and serum neurotransmitters in patients with coronary heart disease and insomnia. This study is a retrospective study. From June 2021 to May 2023, 116 patients with coronary heart disease and insomnia treated at our hospital were selected as subjects. They were divided into 2 groups according to the treatment. The control group received treatment with alprazolam, while the experimental group received Du Meridian moxibustion combined with ear acupuncture in addition to alprazolam treatment. The efficacy of the 2 groups was compared, and the levels of cardiac function indicators, serum melatonin, leptin, and neurotransmitters were measured. The total effectiveness rate in the experimental group was 93.10% (with a cure rate of 36.21%, a significant improvement rate of 41.38%, and an effective rate of 15.52%), which was significantly higher than the 79.31% in the control group (with a cure rate of 24.14%, a significant improvement rate of 32.76%, and an effective rate of 22.41%) (P < .05). Both groups exhibited an increase in left ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume, and cardiac output after treatment compared to before treatment. Additionally, left ventricular end-systolic diameter decreased after treatment compared to before treatment, but the cardiac function was compared between the 2 groups after treatment (P > .05). In both groups, serum melatonin and serotonin (5-HT) levels increased after treatment compared to before treatment, while serum leptin, dopamine, and glutamate levels decreased after treatment compared to before treatment. Furthermore, the experimental group had higher serum melatonin, 5-HT, and gamma-aminobutyric acid levels compared to the control group, and lower serum leptin, dopamine, and glutamate levels compared to the control group (P < .05). The serum traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score and Pittsburgh sleep quality index score of the 2 groups decreased after treatment, and the experimental group was lower than the conventional group (P < .05). The combination of Du Meridian acupuncture with ear acupuncture in the treatment of insomnia in coronary heart disease can regulate the expression of serum melatonin, leptin, and neurotransmitters, alleviate symptoms, and improve therapeutic efficacy.

Asunto(s)

Terapia por Acupuntura , Alprazolam , Enfermedad Coronaria , Leptina , Melatonina , Moxibustión , Neurotransmisores , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Terapia por Acupuntura/métodos , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño/terapia , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño/sangre , Melatonina/sangre , Melatonina/uso terapéutico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Moxibustión/métodos , Enfermedad Coronaria/terapia , Enfermedad Coronaria/sangre , Alprazolam/uso terapéutico , Leptina/sangre , Neurotransmisores/sangre , Anciano , Terapia Combinada , Meridianos , Serotonina/sangre , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

A dual-template molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor was developed for the simultaneous detection of serotonin (5-HT) and glutamate (Glu). First, amino-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (NRGO) was used as the modification material of a GCE to increase its electrical conductivity and specific surface area, using Glu and 5-HT as dual-template molecules and o-phenylenediamine (OPD) with self-polymerization ability as functional monomers. Through self-assembly and electropolymerization, dual-template molecularly imprinted polymers were formed on the electrode. After removing the templates, the specific recognition binding sites were exposed. The amount of NRGO, polymerization parameters, and elution parameters were further optimized to construct a dual-template molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor, which can specifically recognize double-target molecules Glu and 5-HT. The differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique was used to achieve simultaneous detection of Glu and 5-HT based on their distinct electrochemical activities under specific conditions. The sensor showed a good linear relationship for Glu and 5-HT in the range 1 ~ 100 µM, and the detection limits were 0.067 µM and 0.047 µM (S/N = 3), respectively. The sensor has good reproducibility, repeatability, and selectivity. It was successfully utilized to simultaneously detect Glu and 5-HT in mouse serum, offering a more dependable foundation for objectively diagnosing and early warning of depression. Additionally, the double signal sensing strategy also provides a new approach for the simultaneous detection of both electroactive and non-electroactive substances.

Asunto(s)

Técnicas Electroquímicas , Ácido Glutámico , Grafito , Límite de Detección , Impresión Molecular , Fenilendiaminas , Serotonina , Serotonina/sangre , Serotonina/análisis , Técnicas Electroquímicas/métodos , Técnicas Electroquímicas/instrumentación , Animales , Ácido Glutámico/análisis , Ácido Glutámico/sangre , Ácido Glutámico/química , Grafito/química , Ratones , Fenilendiaminas/química , Depresión/diagnóstico , Depresión/sangre , Electrodos , Biomarcadores/sangre , Biomarcadores/análisis , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Although artificial and non-nutritive sweeteners are widely used and generally recognized as safe by the US and European Union regulatory agencies, there have been no clinical trials to assess either long-term cardiovascular disease risks or short-term cardiovascular disease-relevant phenotypes. Recent studies report that fasting plasma levels of erythritol, a commonly used sweetener, are clinically associated with heightened incident cardiovascular disease risks and enhance thrombosis potential in vitro and in animal models. Effects of dietary erythritol on thrombosis phenotypes in humans have not been examined. METHODS: Using a prospective interventional study design, we tested the impact of erythritol or glucose consumption on multiple indices of stimulus-dependent platelet responsiveness in healthy volunteers (n=10 per group). Erythritol plasma levels were quantified with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Platelet function at baseline and following erythritol or glucose ingestion was assessed via both aggregometry and analysis of granule markers released. RESULTS: Dietary erythritol (30 g), but not glucose (30 g), lead to a >1000-fold increase in erythritol plasma concentration (6480 [5930-7300] versus 3.75 [3.35-3.87] µmol/L; P<0.0001) and exhibited acute enhancement of stimulus-dependent aggregation responses in all subjects, agonists, and doses examined. Erythritol ingestion also enhanced stimulus-dependent release of the platelet dense granule marker serotonin (P<0.0001 for TRAP6 [thrombin activator peptide 6] and P=0.004 for ADP) and the platelet α-granule marker CXCL4 (C-X-C motif ligand-4; P<0.0001 for TRAP6 and P=0.06 for ADP). In contrast, glucose ingestion triggered no significant increases in stimulus-dependent release of either serotonin or CXCL4. CONCLUSIONS: Ingestion of a typical quantity of the non-nutritive sweetener erythritol, but not glucose, enhances platelet reactivity in healthy volunteers, raising concerns that erythritol consumption may enhance thrombosis potential. Combined with recent large-scale clinical observational studies and mechanistic cell-based and animal model studies, the present findings suggest that discussion of whether erythritol should be reevaluated as a food additive with the Generally Recognized as Safe designation is warranted. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04731363.

Asunto(s)

Plaquetas , Eritritol , Glucosa , Voluntarios Sanos , Agregación Plaquetaria , Trombosis , Humanos , Eritritol/sangre , Eritritol/administración & dosificación , Plaquetas/efectos de los fármacos , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Masculino , Trombosis/sangre , Trombosis/inducido químicamente , Trombosis/prevención & control , Estudios Prospectivos , Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Adulto , Edulcorantes no Nutritivos/administración & dosificación , Edulcorantes no Nutritivos/efectos adversos , Adulto Joven , Factor Plaquetario 4/sangre , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Persona de Mediana Edad , Serotonina/sangre , Edulcorantes/administración & dosificación , Pruebas de Función Plaquetaria

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The development of postpartum depression has been linked to fluctuations in the levels of neurotransmitters in the human body, such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (Norepinephrine, NE), and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Research has indicated that the antidepressant effect of esketamine are mediated by monoamine transmitters and neurotrophic factors. Therefore, we postulate that intravenous administration of esketamine in patients with postpartum depression may alter the serum concentrations of these neurotransmitters. METHODS: Three hundred fifteen patients with postpartum depression were selected and divided into two groups based on randomized numerical expression: esketamine (E) group (0. 25 mg/kg esketamine) and control (C) group (a same volume of 0.9% saline), all the drugs were pumped for 40 min. After the end of drug pumping, all patients were continuously observed for 2 h. Changes in serum levels of 5-HT, DA, NE, BDNF were recorded before drug administration and on the 3rd day after drug administration. The scores of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were calculated before drug administration, and on the 3rd day and on the 30th day after drug administration. Dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, and feeling of detachment occurred were recorded within 2 h after drug administration. RESULTS: Before drug administration, the serum concentrations of 5-HT,DA,BDNF,NE in Group E and Group C were namely (0. 91 ± 0. 19 vs. 0. 98 ± 0. 21, P = 0. 181), (2. 38 ± 0. 35 vs. 2. 32 ± 0. 32, P = 0. 491), (3. 07 ± 0. 89 vs 3. 02 ± 0. 88, P = 0. 828), (39. 79 ± 7. 78 vs 41. 34 ± 10. 03, P = 0. 506). On the third day post-medication, the serum concentrations of 5-HT,DA,BDNF,NE in Group E and Group C were namely (1. 42 ± 0. 35 vs. 0. 96 ± 0. 24, P < 0. 001), (3. 99 ± 0. 17 vs. 2. 41 ± 0. 28, P < 0. 001),(5. 45 ± 0. 81 vs 3. 22 ± 0. 76, P < 0. 001),(44. 36 ± 9. 98 vs 40. 69 ± 11. 75, P = 0. 198). Before medication, the EPDS scores were (16. 15 ± 3. 02 vs 17. 85 ± 3. 89, P = 0. 064). on the third day after medication, the Group E had significantly reduced scores (12. 98 ± 2. 39 vs 16. 73 ± 3. 52, P < 0. 001). On the 30rd day after medication, EPDS scores between the two groups were (16. 34 ± 3. 43 vs 16. 91 ± 4. 02, p = 0. 203). Within 2 h of medication, the rate of adverse events was similar between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Small doses of esketamine can increase the serum concentration of 5-HT,DA,BDNF, and in the short term, decrease EPDS scores, and improve postpartum depressive symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Retrospectively registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300078343, 2023/12/05).

Asunto(s)

Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo , Depresión Posparto , Ketamina , Neurotransmisores , Serotonina , Humanos , Femenino , Ketamina/administración & dosificación , Ketamina/farmacología , Depresión Posparto/tratamiento farmacológico , Depresión Posparto/sangre , Adulto , Neurotransmisores/sangre , Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo/sangre , Serotonina/sangre , Antidepresivos/administración & dosificación , Antidepresivos/uso terapéutico , Antidepresivos/farmacología , Norepinefrina/sangre , Dopamina/sangre

RESUMEN

Type 2 diabetes and depression co-occur in a bidirectional manner. Curcumin supplements exhibit antidepressant effects that may mitigate depression by modulating neurotransmitters and reducing inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin in improving depression severity in obese type 2 diabetes patients. The study employed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial design with 227 participants. The primary end-point was depression severity assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Biomarkers were measured at baseline and at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month intervals. The biomarkers assessed were serotonin levels, pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha), antioxidant activities (total antioxidant status, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase), and malondialdehyde. After 12 months, the curcumin group exhibited significantly improved depression severity (p = 0.000001). The curcumin group had higher levels of serotonin (p < 0.0001) but lower levels of interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (p < 0.001 for all) than the placebo group. Total antioxidant status, glutathione peroxidase activity, and superoxide dismutase activity were elevated in the curcumin group, whereas malondialdehyde levels were greater in the placebo group (p < 0.001 for all). These findings suggest curcumin may have antidepressant effects on obese type 2 diabetes patients.

Asunto(s)

Antioxidantes , Biomarcadores , Curcumina , Depresión , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Obesidad , Humanos , Curcumina/farmacología , Curcumina/uso terapéutico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Obesidad/complicaciones , Obesidad/tratamiento farmacológico , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Depresión/tratamiento farmacológico , Depresión/etiología , Biomarcadores/sangre , Malondialdehído/sangre , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Serotonina/metabolismo , Serotonina/sangre , Antidepresivos/uso terapéutico , Antidepresivos/farmacología , Adulto , Glutatión Peroxidasa/sangre , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangre , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Citocinas/sangre

RESUMEN

The risk of acquiring new intramammary infections is high at the end of lactation, especially for the high milk-producing dairy animals. Resistance to bacterial infection increases following the completion of mammary gland involution after milking cessation. The serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) could accelerate involution by increasing circulating serotonin levels, but ruminal microbes may degrade 5-HTP if orally administered to adult ruminants. It is unclear whether rumen-protected 5-HTP could effectively mediate circulating serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and therefore accelerate mammary gland involution in ruminants. Goats were used as a model in the current study to investigate the effects of rumen-protected 5-HTP on behaviour, 5-HT metabolism, and mammary involution in ruminants. In the first experiment, 16 female Dazu black goats were assigned to one of four groups in a randomised block design. The treatments included a basal diet plus 0, 4, 20, or 100 mg/kg BW of rumen-protected 5-HTP. Serum was collected at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after offering the rumen-protected 5-HTP in the morning feed, and the behaviours were monitored. In the second experiment, 12 female Dazu black goats (Somatic cell count < 250 000) were randomly assigned to the control (basal diet) or rumen-protected 5-HTP group (basal diet plus 20 mg/kg BW). Milk or mammary secretions were manually collected aseptically on d -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 around weaning. The results depicted that rumen-protected 5-HTP supplementation elevated circulating 5-HTP and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid concentrations, while 20 mg/kg BW of rumen-protected 5-HTP supplementation lowered the goats' locomotive activity. A high concentration of rumen-protected 5-HTP (100 mg/kg BW) increased serum alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase concentrations. Moreover, oral supplementation with 20 mg/kg BW of rumen-protected 5-HTP accelerated mammary gland involution and reduced feed intake in goats after weaning. These results demonstrate that oral supplementation with rumen-protected 5-HTP influences 5-HT metabolism and accelerates mammary gland involution after milking cessation in ruminants.

Asunto(s)

5-Hidroxitriptófano , Cabras , Lactancia , Glándulas Mamarias Animales , Rumen , Serotonina , Animales , Cabras/fisiología , Femenino , 5-Hidroxitriptófano/farmacología , 5-Hidroxitriptófano/administración & dosificación , Rumen/metabolismo , Rumen/efectos de los fármacos , Serotonina/sangre , Serotonina/metabolismo , Glándulas Mamarias Animales/efectos de los fármacos , Lactancia/efectos de los fármacos , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Suplementos Dietéticos/análisis , Leche/química , Leche/metabolismo , Dieta/veterinaria

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Identifying circulating biomarkers associated with prospective suicidal ideation (SI) and depression could help better understand the dynamics of these phenomena and identify people in need of intense care. In this study, we investigated the associations between baseline peripheral biomarkers implicated in neuroplasticity, vascular homeostasis and inflammation, and prospective SI and depression severity during 6 months of follow-up in patients with mood disorders. METHODS: 149 patients underwent a psychiatric evaluation and gave blood to measure 32 plasma soluble proteins. At follow-up, SI incidence over six months was measured with the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology. Ninety-six patients provided repeated blood samples. Statistical analyses included Spearman partial correlation and Elastic Net regression, followed by the covariate-adjusted regression models. RESULTS: 51.4 % (N = 71) of patients reported SI during follow-up. After adjustment for covariates, higher baseline levels of interferon-γ were associated with SI occurrence during follow-up. Higher baseline interferon-γ and lower orexin-A were associated with increased depression severity, and atypical and anxious, but not melancholic, symptoms. There was also a tendency for associations of elevated baseline levels of interferon-γ, interleukin-1ß, and lower plasma serotonin levels with SI at the six-month follow-up time point. Meanwhile, reduction in transforming growth factor- ß1 (TGF-ß1) plasma concentration correlated with atypical symptoms reduction. CONCLUSION: We identified interferon-γ and orexin-A as potential predictive biomarkers of SI and depression, whereas TGF-ß1 was identified as a possible target of atypical symptoms.

Asunto(s)

Biomarcadores , Depresión , Trastornos del Humor , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Ideación Suicida , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Biomarcadores/sangre , Estudios Prospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Depresión/sangre , Depresión/psicología , Trastornos del Humor/sangre , Trastornos del Humor/psicología , Interferón gamma/sangre , Orexinas/sangre , Interleucina-1beta/sangre , Estudios de Seguimiento , Serotonina/sangre

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Slow-transmission constipation is a type of intractable constipation with unknown etiology and unclear pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE: The intention of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect and possible mechanism of Modified Zhizhu Pills on loperamide-induced slow transit constipation. METHODS: The effects of the Modified Zhizhu Pill were evaluated in a rat model of constipation induced by subcutaneous administration of loperamide. Fecal parameters (fecal count, fecal water content, and fecal hardness) were measured in constipated rats. The substance, target, and pathway basis of the Modified Zhizhu Pill on constipation was investigated using network pharmacology. The microflora in rats was determined. Serum neurotransmitters (acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine) were measured in rats and their relationship with the gut microbiota was assessed. RESULTS: Modified Zhizhu Pill increased the number of bowel movements and fecal water content, and decreased fecal hardness and transit time. Network pharmacological analysis showed that Modified Zhizhu Pill can target multiple constipation-related targets and pathways through multiple potential active ingredients. Modified Zhizhu Pill alleviated loperamide-induced microbiota dysbiosis. Modified Zhizhu Pill increased serum 5-hydroxytryptamine and acetylcholine. The increase in serum 5-hydroxytryptamine and acetylcholine was associated with rat gut microbiota. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Modified Zhizhu Pill may increase intestinal motility and ultimately relieve constipation by improving microecological dysbiosis and neurotransmission.

Asunto(s)

Estreñimiento , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Loperamida , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Estreñimiento/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Eje Cerebro-Intestino/efectos de los fármacos , Neurotransmisores/metabolismo , Tránsito Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Antidiarreicos/farmacología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Serotonina/metabolismo , Serotonina/sangre , Disbiosis/tratamiento farmacológico

RESUMEN

Abdominal surgery such as ovariectomy is a traumatic event that can cause oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the concentration of serotonin in relation to ovariectomy-induced oxidative stress in dogs undergoing general anesthesia. Thirty-two female dogs, under general anesthesia, received meloxicam before surgery (0.2 mgkg-1 SC) and after surgery (0.1 mgkg-1 OS every 24 h). The physiological, hematological, and biochemical parameters: glycemia, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total protein, albumin and BUN were evaluated. Oxidative stress was determined by malondialdehyde (MDA) assay, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChe) at baseline, 36 and 48 h after the last administration of meloxicam. Serotonin (5-HT) concentration was also evaluated at baseline, 36 and 48 h after the last administration of meloxicam. Responses to surgical stimulus were evaluated. Physiological and hematological parameters they fell within the normal ranges for anesthetized dogs. Glycemia increased, albumin levels decreased after surgery. No rescue analgesia was required. MDA and 5-HT concentrations significantly increased from the baseline at 36 and 48 h after surgery (p < .001). 5-HT levels could be used as an indicator for oxidative stress induced by surgery and it might be employed for objectively quantifying the well-being of the surgical patient.

Asunto(s)

Anestesia General , Meloxicam , Ovariectomía , Estrés Oxidativo , Serotonina , Animales , Perros , Femenino , Ovariectomía/veterinaria , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Anestesia General/veterinaria , Anestesia General/efectos adversos , Serotonina/sangre , Meloxicam/farmacología , Meloxicam/administración & dosificación , Malondialdehído/sangre

RESUMEN

Neuroendocrine tumors are uncommon in the gastrointestinal system but can develop in the majority of the body's epithelial organs. Our goal was to examine the presence and clinical application of serum dopamine (DA), serotonin (ST), norepinephrine (NE), and epinephrine (EPI), in addition to determining the significance of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), and systemic inflammatory response (SIR) markers as a prognostic factor for patients with colorectal neuroendocrine tumors (CR-NETs), in various tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages. We also wanted to identify the possible connection between them. This study included 25 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with CR-NETs and a control group consisting of 60 patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer (CRC). We used the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. This study revealed that CR-NET patients showed significantly higher serum levels of DA compared to CRC patients. We showed that serum DA was present in the early stages of CR-NETs, with increasing levels as we advanced through the TNM stages. Moreover, we found a close relationship between the levels of DA and the inflammation and nutritional status of the CR-NET patients in this study. CR-NET patients from the PNI < 47.00 subgroup had a higher level of DA than those from the PNI ≥ 47.00 subgroup. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed correlations between DA, PNI, and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Both hematological indices were negatively correlated with albumin (ALB). Our investigation's findings relating to the PNI, GPS, SIR, and DA indicate that these tools can be markers of nutritional and systemic inflammatory status, are simple to use, and are repeatable. Further research on this topic could provide valuable insights into which biomarkers to incorporate into clinical practice for the management of CR-NET patients.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias Colorrectales , Dopamina , Epinefrina , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Tumores Neuroendocrinos , Norepinefrina , Serotonina , Humanos , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/sangre , Femenino , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/patología , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/sangre , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/diagnóstico , Serotonina/sangre , Epinefrina/sangre , Pronóstico , Norepinefrina/sangre , Anciano , Dopamina/sangre , Dopamina/metabolismo , Adulto , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Evaluación Nutricional , Neurotransmisores/sangre , Neurotransmisores/metabolismo , Inflamación/sangre , Inflamación/patología

RESUMEN

Catecholamines (CATs) are neurotransmitters and allostatic hormones whose plasma concentrations are physiologically modified in various species such as human, rats, mice and donkeys, with advancing age. However, currently these mechanisms are less well elucidated in horses and more specifically in mares. The hypothesis of this study was that, as in afore mentioned species, the CATs could experience physiological changes with advancing age. The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of adrenaline (A), noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA), and serotonin (5-HT) in mares of different ages. Blood samples were drawn from 56 non-pregnant Spanish Purebred mares belonging to four different age groups: 6 to 9 years, 10 to 12 years, 13 to 16 years and > 16 years. The concentrations of A, NA, DA, and 5-HT were determined by competition EIA-Technical 3-CAt EIA, specifically validated for horses. Mares aged > 16 years showed lower A, DA, and 5-HT but higher NA concentrations than 6-9, 10-12, and 13-16 years (p < 0.05). Mares of 13-16 years showed lower A and higher NA than 6-9 and 10-12 years (p < 0.05). A and NA (r=-0.72; p < 0.05), and NA and 5-HT (r=-0.67; p < 0.05) were negatively correlated, and A and 5-HT (r = 0.74; p < 0.05) were positively correlated. Advanced age leads to a predominance of sympathetic nervous activity and lower serotonergic activity in non-pregnant mares.

Asunto(s)

Envejecimiento , Catecolaminas , Animales , Caballos/sangre , Caballos/fisiología , Femenino , Catecolaminas/sangre , Envejecimiento/fisiología , Serotonina/sangre , Factores de Edad , Norepinefrina/sangre , Dopamina/sangre , Epinefrina/sangre

RESUMEN

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a pivotal monoamine neurotransmitter, which is widely distributed in human brain for biological, physical and psychopathological processes. The content of 5-HT can support diagnose of various diseases. To selectively detect 5-HT is very important in clinical medicine. Here, a novel microbiosensor for 5-HT is studied on acupuncture needle. Molecularly imprinted film enwrapped 5-HT was electropolymerized onto bimetallic gold/platinum (Au/Pt) nanoparticles on acupuncture needle microelectrode (ANME). Au/Pt nanostructure exhibited active sites to catalyze the oxidation of 5-HT and bind the generated polymer. 5-HT can be enwrapped by the functional monomer of pyrrole (Py) in the process of electropolymerization with suitably electroactive conformation. Comparing with interfaces of single metal or molecularly imprinted layer, synergistic microbiosensor exhibit better performance for 5-HT. 5-HT can be adsorbed and catalytically oxidized by the imprinted cavities. Under optimized conditions, the peak current linearly increases with the concentration of 5-HT from 0.03 to 500 µM, and a detection limit of 0.0106 µM is obtained. The performance of this microbiosensor is competitive with previous studies. Furthermore, the prepared microbiosensor showed effective application to analyze 5-HT in human serum and urine. Interestingly, the microbiosensor expressed the real-time monitoring ability to 5-HT from stimulated PC12 cells by K+. The microbiosensor also exhibited high selectivity, stability and reproducibility, which is promising in view of the low price, fast response and simple operation.

Asunto(s)

Técnicas Electroquímicas , Oro , Agujas , Platino (Metal) , Serotonina , Serotonina/sangre , Serotonina/análisis , Serotonina/orina , Oro/química , Humanos , Técnicas Electroquímicas/métodos , Platino (Metal)/química , Impresión Molecular , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Propiedades de Superficie , Límite de Detección , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Animales , Ratas , Microelectrodos

RESUMEN

Serotonin, a pivotal neurotransmitter regulating various physiological functions, plays a crucial role in disease diagnosis, necessitating precise monitoring of its levels in biological fluids for accurate assessment. Aptamers, known for their high specificity and affinity, have emerged as innovative molecular probes for serotonin analysis. However, existing serotonin aptamer sensing platforms exhibit limitations in terms of portability and rapid detection capabilities. In this study, we introduce a novel, portable, label-free serotonin aptamer sensor utilizing a dye replacement strategy, achieving a short sample-to-result turnaround time and convenient signal readout through a smartphone. The performance of this aptamer sensor was thoroughly assessed across diverse physiological media, demonstrating robust stability in buffer, urine, and serum. Importantly, the detection limit was in the nanomolar range, emphasizing its suitability for the rapid, sensitive, and user-friendly detection of serotonin. This research pioneers an approach for the development of a point-of-care testing (POCT) system for serotonin with practical implications, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Asunto(s)

Aptámeros de Nucleótidos , Técnicas Biosensibles , Serotonina , Serotonina/sangre , Serotonina/análisis , Serotonina/orina , Aptámeros de Nucleótidos/química , Humanos , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Sistemas de Atención de Punto , Límite de Detección , Fluorescencia , Pruebas en el Punto de Atención , Colorantes Fluorescentes/química , Teléfono Inteligente , Espectrometría de Fluorescencia/métodos

RESUMEN

It has been assumed that exercise intensity variation throughout a cycling time trial (TT) occurs in alignment of various metabolic changes to prevent premature task failure. However, this assumption is based on target metabolite responses, which limits our understanding of the complex interconnection of metabolic responses during exercise. The current study characterized the metabolomic profile, an untargeted metabolic analysis, after specific phases of a cycling 4-km TT. Eleven male cyclists performed three separated TTs in a crossover counterbalanced design, which were interrupted at the end of the fast-start (FS, 600 ± 205 m), even-pace (EP, 3600 ± 190 m), or end-spurt (ES, 4000 m) phases. Blood samples were taken before any exercise and 5 min after exercise cessation, and the metabolomic profile characterization was performed using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance metabolomics. Power output (PO) was also continually recorded. There were higher PO values during the FS and ES compared to the EP (all p < 0.05), which were accompanied by distinct metabolomic profiles. FS showed high metabolite expression in TCA cycle and its related pathways (e.g., glutamate, citric acid, and valine metabolism); whereas, the EP elicited changes associated with antioxidant effects and oxygen delivery adjustment. Finally, ES was related to pathways involved in NAD turnover and serotonin metabolism. These findings suggest that the specific phases of a cycling TT are accompanied by distinct metabolomic profiles, providing novel insights regarding the relevance of specific metabolic pathways on the process of exercise intensity regulation.

Asunto(s)

Ciclismo , Estudios Cruzados , Metaboloma , Humanos , Masculino , Metaboloma/fisiología , Adulto , Ciclismo/fisiología , Ciclo del Ácido Cítrico , Serotonina/sangre , NAD/sangre , NAD/metabolismo , Adulto Joven , Ácido Glutámico/sangre , Ácido Glutámico/metabolismo , Metabolómica , Valina/sangre , Ácido Cítrico/sangre

RESUMEN

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the leading cause of post-neonatal infant mortality, but the underlying cause(s) are unclear. A subset of SIDS infants has abnormalities in the neurotransmitter, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) and the adaptor molecule, 14-3-3 pathways in regions of the brain involved in gasping, response to hypoxia, and arousal. To evaluate our hypothesis that SIDS is, at least in part, a multi-organ dysregulation of 5-HT, we examined whether blood platelets, which have 5-HT and 14-3-3 signaling pathways similar to brain neurons, are abnormal in SIDS. We also studied platelet surface glycoprotein IX (GPIX), a cell adhesion receptor which is physically linked to 14-3-3. In infants dying of SIDS compared to infants dying of known causes, we found significantly higher intra-platelet 5-HT and 14-3-3 and lower platelet surface GPIX. Serum and plasma 5-HT were also elevated in SIDS compared to controls. The presence in SIDS of both platelet and brainstem 5-HT and 14-3-3 abnormalities suggests a global dysregulation of these pathways and the potential for platelets to be used as a model system to study 5-HT and 14-3-3 interactions in SIDS. Platelet and serum biomarkers may aid in the forensic determination of SIDS and have the potential to be predictive of SIDS risk in living infants.

Asunto(s)

Proteínas 14-3-3 , Plaquetas , Complejo GPIb-IX de Glicoproteína Plaquetaria , Serotonina , Muerte Súbita del Lactante , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Proteínas 14-3-3/sangre , Proteínas 14-3-3/metabolismo , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Serotonina/sangre , Serotonina/metabolismo , Muerte Súbita del Lactante/etiología , Muerte Súbita del Lactante/sangre , Complejo GPIb-IX de Glicoproteína Plaquetaria/análisis , Complejo GPIb-IX de Glicoproteína Plaquetaria/metabolismo

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the effects of 24 weeks of three-duration Tai-Chi (TC) practice on depression and sleep quality in older women. METHODS: A total of 124 older women were randomly divided into four groups: short-time group (SG, n = 31, mean age: 65.3), medium-time group (MG, n = 30, mean age: 65.7), long-time group (LG, n = 32, mean age: 64.9) and control group (CG, n = 31, mean age: 66.2). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were measured. RESULTS: 1) Within-group comparisons: Compared with the baseline, the 12th and 24th weeks showed reductions in TNF-α and IL-6 levels and increase in 5-HT level in the SG, MG and LG (p < 0.05). The LG at the 24th week had reduced BDI and PSQI scores (p < 0.05). Compared with the 12th week, the 24th week showed reductions in TNF-α and IL-6 levels (p < 0.01) and increase in 5-HT level (p < 0.05) in the SG, MG, and LG. 2) Between-group comparisons: The SG, MG, and LG had lower TNF-α and IL-6 levels and higher 5-HT level than the CG at 12th and 24th weeks (p < 0.05). At the 24th week, the LG had lower BDI and PSQI scores than the CG and lower TNF-α level than the SG and MG (p < 0.05). The MG had lower TNF-α levels than the SG in the 24th week (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that older individuals may undertake at least 12 weeks of TC exercise with a duration of 60 min per session to significantly improve depressive mood and sleep quality.

Asunto(s)

Depresión , Interleucina-6 , Serotonina , Calidad del Sueño , Taichi Chuan , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa , Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Interleucina-6/sangre , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/sangre , Serotonina/sangre , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Tiempo

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Studies present ambiguous findings regarding the role of tryptophan and its metabolites, kynurenine and serotonin in chronic musculoskeletal pain. This systematic review aimed to investigate the expression of tryptophan and its metabolites, serotonin and kynurenine in patients with local and generalized chronic musculoskeletal pain in comparison with pain-free controls. METHODS: An electronic search was conducted in the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Web of Science for clinical and observational trials from the beginning of each database to 21 April 2023. Out of 6734 articles, a total of 17 studies were included; 12 studies were used in the meta-analysis of serotonin, 3 regarding tryptophan and 2 studies for a narrative synthesis regarding kynurenine. Risk of bias was assessed using the quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, while the certainty of evidence was by GRADE. RESULTS: All included studies showed a low risk of bias. The meta-analysis showed lower blood levels of tryptophan (p < .001; very low quality of evidence) and higher blood levels of serotonin (p < .001; very low-quality evidence) in patients with generalized musculoskeletal pain, when compared to pain-free individuals. In local chronic musculoskeletal pain, there were higher blood levels of serotonin (p=.251; very low quality of evidence) compared to pain-free individuals. Regarding kynurenine, the studies reported both higher and lower blood levels in generalized chronic musculoskeletal pain compared to pain-free individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The blood levels of tryptophan and its metabolites serotonin and kynurenine seem to influence chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Asunto(s)

Dolor Crónico , Quinurenina , Dolor Musculoesquelético , Serotonina , Triptófano , Triptófano/metabolismo , Triptófano/sangre , Humanos , Serotonina/metabolismo , Serotonina/sangre , Quinurenina/metabolismo , Quinurenina/sangre , Dolor Crónico/metabolismo

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Methylation of serotonin-related genes has been proposed as a plausible gene-by-environment link which may mediate environmental stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms. DNA methylation is often measured in blood cells, but little is known about the association between this peripheral epigenetic modification and brain serotonergic architecture. Here, we evaluated the association between whole-blood-derived methylation of four CpG sites in the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4) and six CpG sites of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) gene and in-vivo brain levels of serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and serotonin 4 receptor (5-HT4) in a cohort of healthy individuals (N = 254) and, for 5-HT4, in a cohort of unmedicated patients with depression (N = 90). To do so, we quantified SLC6A4/TPH2 methylation using bisulfite pyrosequencing and estimated brain 5-HT4 and 5-HTT levels using positron emission tomography. In addition, we explored the association between SLC6A4 and TPH2 methylation and measures of early life and recent stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms on 297 healthy individuals. RESULTS: We found no statistically significant association between peripheral DNA methylation and brain markers of serotonergic neurotransmission in patients with depression or in healthy individuals. In addition, although SLC6A4 CpG2 (chr17:30,236,083) methylation was marginally associated with the parental bonding inventory overprotection score in the healthy cohort, statistical significance did not remain after accounting for blood cell heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that findings on peripheral DNA methylation in the context of brain serotonin-related features should be interpreted with caution. More studies are needed to rule out a role of SLC6A4 and TPH2 methylation as biomarkers for environmental stress, depressive or anxiety symptoms.

Asunto(s)

Encéfalo , Metilación de ADN , Depresión , Epigénesis Genética , Proteínas de Transporte de Serotonina en la Membrana Plasmática , Serotonina , Transmisión Sináptica , Triptófano Hidroxilasa , Humanos , Metilación de ADN/genética , Proteínas de Transporte de Serotonina en la Membrana Plasmática/genética , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Triptófano Hidroxilasa/genética , Serotonina/metabolismo , Serotonina/sangre , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Depresión/genética , Depresión/metabolismo , Epigénesis Genética/genética , Transmisión Sináptica/genética , Islas de CpG/genética , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Receptores de Serotonina 5-HT4/genética , Receptores de Serotonina 5-HT4/metabolismo , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Estudios de Cohortes

RESUMEN

There are currently no reliable biomarkers to predict clinical response to pharmacological treatments of depressive disorders. Peripheral blood 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) has been suggested as a biomarker of antidepressant treatment response, but there has not been an attempt to systematically summarize and evaluate the scientific evidence of this hypothesis. In this systematic review we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Twenty-six relevant studies investigating peripheral 5-HT as an antidepressant biomarker were identified. In all, we did not find robust support for an association between baseline 5-HT and treatment response. Several larger studies with lower risk of bias, however, showed that higher baseline 5-HT was associated with a greater antidepressant response to SSRIs, prompting future studies to investigate this hypothesis. Our results also confirm previous reports that SSRI treatment is associated with a decrease in peripheral 5-HT levels; however, we were not able to confirm that larger decreases of 5-HT are associated with better treatment outcome as results were inconclusive.

Asunto(s)

Antidepresivos , Serotonina , Humanos , Serotonina/sangre , Antidepresivos/uso terapéutico , Inhibidores Selectivos de la Recaptación de Serotonina/uso terapéutico , Biomarcadores/sangre , Resultado del Tratamiento , Trastorno Depresivo/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastorno Depresivo/sangre