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INTRODUCTION: Several studies have assessed and validated the impact of exoskeletons on back and shoulder muscle activation; however, limited research has explored the role that exoskeletons could play in mitigating lower arm-related disorders. This study assessed the impact of Ironhand, an active hand exoskeleton (H-EXO) designed to reduce grip force exertion, on worker exertion levels using a two-phase experimental design. METHOD: Ten male participants performed a controlled, simulated drilling activity, while three male participants completed an uncontrolled concrete demolition activity. The impact of the exoskeleton was assessed in terms of muscle activity across three different muscles using electromyography (EMG), perceived exertion, and perceived effectiveness. RESULTS: Results indicate that peak muscle activation decreased across the target muscle group when the H-EXO was used, with the greatest reduction (27%) observed in the Extensor Carpi Radialis (ECR). Using the exoskeleton in controlled conditions did not significantly influence perceived exertion levels. Users indicated that the H-EXO was a valuable technology and expressed willingness to use it for future tasks. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This study showcases how glove-based exoskeletons can potentially reduce wrist-related disorders, thereby improving safety and productivity among workers. Future work should assess the impact of the H-EXO in various tasks, different work environments and configurations, and among diverse user groups.
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Electromiografía , Dispositivo Exoesqueleto , Mano , Humanos , Masculino , Proyectos Piloto , Adulto , Mano/fisiología , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Adulto Joven , Esfuerzo Físico/fisiología , Análisis y Desempeño de Tareas , Industria de la Construcción/instrumentaciónRESUMEN
Background: Firefighters have lower levels of physical activity while on call. It is critical to understand the impact of firefighters' physical activity on arterial stiffness. This study classified groups by physical activity level and combined peripheral vascular monitor measurement to explore the relationships between the level of physical activity and cardiovascular (CV) risk and physical fitness (PF) of firefighters, as well as the acute response to arterial stiffness (AS) following maximal aerobic exercise test (MAET) intervention. Methods: The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to classify the participants into 3 groups: low, moderate, and high level of physical activity group, respectively. A total of 36 participants were recruited, 12 in each group. Participants were assessed for body composition, rest brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), handgrip strength (HGS), maximal oxygen uptake (VÌO2max), and MAET baPWV. Results: In the three groups, significant differences were observed in VÌO2max, HGS, relative fat mass (%FM), body mass index (BMI), muscle mass ratio (MMR), and Rest baPWV (p < 0.05). After maximal aerobic exercise, the MAET baPWV values decreased significantly in all groups (all p < 0.001). Rest baPWV was significantly correlated with firefighters' age, seniority, metabolic equivalents (METs), height and muscle mass (MM) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Firefighters with high levels of physical activity had better body composition and physical fitness and lower Rest baPWV. In all three groups, baPWV was lower after the MAET than before it. Therefore, regardless of a firefighter's level of physical activity, high-intensity aerobic exercise may have a beneficial effect on arterial stiffness.
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Ejercicio Físico , Bomberos , Aptitud Física , Rigidez Vascular , Humanos , Rigidez Vascular/fisiología , Masculino , Adulto , Aptitud Física/fisiología , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Análisis de la Onda del Pulso , Composición Corporal/fisiología , Prueba de Esfuerzo/métodos , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Consumo de Oxígeno/fisiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Índice de Masa Corporal , Índice Tobillo Braquial , Femenino , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic inside-out ganglionectomy of dominant dorsal wrist ganglion. METHODS: Patients with dominant wrist ganglion cyst treated in our hospital from January 1, 2014 to June 31, 2023 was enrolled in this retrospective analysis. All patients underwent dye-assist arthroscopic inside-out ganglionectomy. After discharge, the patients were followed for a minimum of 6 months. The primary outcomes were to assess patient wrist function using the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) and Mayo Modified Wrist Score (MMWS). The secondary outcomes were visual analog score (VAS), wrist active range of motion (ROM), grip strength, recurrence rate and complication. RESULTS: All ganglion were successfully resected after dye staining. Patients were followed for an average of 12.17 months. There were no significant changes between preoperative and postoperative wrist active ROM or grip strength, except for wrist flexion (which showed a slightly greater improvement after surgery, P = 0.049), there were notable improvements in VAS, MMWS, and PRWE postoperatively. Recurrence occurred in 3 patients. No major complications observed during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Dye-assist arthroscopic inside-out ganglionectomy is safe and uncomplicated, worth of clinical promotion.
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Artroscopía , Ganglión , Ganglionectomía , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Masculino , Artroscopía/métodos , Artroscopía/efectos adversos , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ganglión/cirugía , Ganglionectomía/métodos , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Colorantes , Articulación de la Muñeca/cirugía , Articulación de la Muñeca/fisiopatología , Adulto Joven , Estudios de Seguimiento , Fuerza de la Mano , RecurrenciaRESUMEN
AIM: The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between anemia and basic and instrumental activities of daily living in older female patients. METHODS: 540 older female outpatients were included in this cross-sectional study. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin below 12 g/dL. Patients' demographic characteristics, comorbidities, Geriatric Depression Scale, Mini Nutritional Assessment, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were also recorded. Handgrip strength (HGS) was measured with a hand dynamometer to detect dynapenia. Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) questionnaires were used to evaluate functional capacity. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 77.42 ± 7.42 years. The prevalence of patients with anemia was 35%. A significant difference was observed between anemic and non-anemic groups in terms of age, presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), malnutrition, dynapenia, and MMSE, BADL and IADL scores (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, after adjustment for age, DM, hypertension, CAD and CKD; there were significant associations between anemia and reduced BADL/IADL scores, dynapenia, falls, the risk of falls, MMSE, and malnutrition (p < 0.05). After adjusting for all confounding variables, deterioration in total BADL and IADL total scores were still more common among anemic older females than those without anemia (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: One out of every three older women presenting at one outpatient clinic were anemic. Anemia was observed to be associated with dependence in both BADL and IADL measures. Therefore, the presence of anemia in elderly women should be routinely checked, and possible causes should be investigated and treated to improve their functional capacity.
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Actividades Cotidianas , Anemia , Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Anemia/epidemiología , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Recent literature has found a consensus in favor of conservative treatment for type II supracondylar humeral fractures (SCHF). This retrospective observational study compares the short- to medium-term functional outcomes of conservative versus surgical treatment in 31 patients with SCHF (Gartland II and III) to assess the potential superiority of one approach over the other. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-one pediatric patients treated for SCHF-19 classified as Gartland II and 12 as Gartland III-were assessed in our department. Eight patients underwent closed reduction and cast immobilization, 22 were treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning, and one underwent open reduction and internal fixation with plates. Clinical and functional data were collected during follow-up, including elbow and forearm range of motion (ROM), grip strength, carrying angle, Flynn's criteria, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score. RESULTS: The average follow-up was 3.3 years (± 1.4 years). All patients demonstrated good functional recovery. According to Flynn's criteria, 85% and 81% of the patients achieved a satisfactory outcome in elbow flexion and carrying angle, respectively. No cases of nerve injuries were reported. Four patients developed cubitus varus in the Gartland II group, which was treated with closed reduction and casting with the initial alignment maintained (without a loss of reduction during the first week). However, compared to this group that was conservatively treated, functional and clinical outcomes were significantly better in the group with SCHF Gartland II treated with reduction and pinning (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although some recent studies have demonstrated positive outcomes with conservative treatment for both Gartland IIA and IIB fractures, the short- to medium-term functional results in our study emphasize that superior outcomes were obtained with surgical treatment for Gartland II fractures when compared to those treated conservatively. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval was obtained from our institute's ethics committee (registry no. 3511). LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic level III.
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Fijación Interna de Fracturas , Fracturas del Húmero , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Humanos , Fracturas del Húmero/cirugía , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Niño , Resultado del Tratamiento , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/métodos , Preescolar , Moldes Quirúrgicos , Tratamiento Conservador/métodos , Adolescente , Recuperación de la Función , Estudios de Seguimiento , Fuerza de la Mano , Articulación del Codo/cirugía , Articulación del Codo/fisiopatología , Reducción Cerrada/métodos , Reducción Abierta/métodosRESUMEN
Prematurity is associated with lower exercise capacity, which relies on the integrity of the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and skeletal muscle systems. Our animal model mimicking prematurity-associated conditions showed altered muscle composition and atrophy in adulthood. This study aimed to compare muscle composition and strength in adults born preterm versus full-term controls. This observational cohort study recruited 55 adults born preterm, ≤ 29 weeks' of gestation and 53 full-term controls who underwent musculoskeletal ultrasound imaging to assess morphology of the rectus femoris at rest and during a maximal voluntary contraction. Maximal voluntary contraction of the hands and legs were measured by manual dynamometry. In adults born preterm, there was lower muscle strength (handgrip: - 4.8 kg, 95% CI - 9.1, - 0.6; knee extensor: - 44.6 N/m, 95% CI - 63.4, - 25.8) and smaller muscle area (- 130 mm2, 95% CI - 207, - 53), which was more pronounced with a history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Muscle stiffness was increased in the preterm versus term group (0.4 m/s, 95% CI 0.04, 0.7). Prematurity is associated with alterations in skeletal muscle composition, area, and function in adulthood. These findings highlight the necessity to implement preventive and/or curative approaches to improve muscle development and function following preterm birth to enhance overall health in this population.
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Fuerza Muscular , Músculo Esquelético , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Masculino , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Músculo Esquelético/diagnóstico por imagen , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Recien Nacido Prematuro/fisiología , Recién Nacido , Nacimiento Prematuro , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Ultrasonografía , Contracción Muscular/fisiología , Músculo Cuádriceps/diagnóstico por imagen , Músculo Cuádriceps/fisiología , Estudios de CohortesRESUMEN
Psychological disparities impact physical activity and fitness in sedentary female college students by affecting cardiovascular efficiency. Ganoderma lucidum, vitality-enhancing herb alleviates health and rejuvenates the mind-body to improve endurance fitness. A double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled parallel design study was conducted to determine whether supplementation of G. lucidum in daily dosages of 500 mg (GL500mg group) and 1000 mg (GL1000mg group) improves psychophysiological health capabilities during the different phases of the experimental trial. Analysis for pre-experimental trial (day 0), experimental trial (day 15), and post-experimental trial (after day 30) on anthropometric, psychological, physiological, and physical fitness parameters were executed. Seventy-eight participants (n = 78, age 20.64 ± 3.21 years) were assigned randomly and equally divided (n = 26) to one of the three treatment groups for intragroup and intergroup comparisons. Significant differences in the post-experimental GL1000mg group for heart rate (HR), maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), physical work capacity (PWC170), and right-hand grip strength (P < 0.05) compared with the placebo group were observed. GL1000mg-supplemented group also significantly improved (P < 0.05) HR, VO2max and PWC170 (P < 0.001) after pre- to post-trials. Experimental trial between placebo and GL1000mg group and post-experimental trial between the GL500mg and GL1000mg group showed significant changes in VO2max(P < 0.001) and PWC170 (P < 0.05). Anxiety, depression, vitality and positive well-being scores significantly improved, leading to improved psychological well-being after GL1000mg supplementation. GL1000mg supplementation for 30 days might act as a longevity-promoting tonic for endurance and strength performance by ameliorating stress to improve the overall psychophysiological health, vitality and quality of life for better cardiovascular efficacy.
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Suplementos Dietéticos , Aptitud Física , Reishi , Estrés Psicológico , Estudiantes , Humanos , Femenino , Reishi/química , Adulto Joven , Estudiantes/psicología , India , Método Doble Ciego , Suplementos Dietéticos/análisis , Estrés Psicológico/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Adolescente , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Consumo de Oxígeno/efectos de los fármacos , Fuerza de la Mano , UniversidadesRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to compare the acute effects of compression contrast therapy (CT) and dry needling therapy (DN) on muscle tension (MT), muscle strength (Fmax), pressure pain threshold (PPT), and perfusion (PU) following fatigue of forearm muscles (e.g., flexor carpi radialis) in combat sports athletes. A single-blind randomized controlled trial was employed. Participants first underwent muscle fatigue induction, which involved sustaining an isometric handgrip at 60% of their maximum voluntary contraction in 5-second cycles. This was followed by exposure to one of the regenerative therapies. Forty-five participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: CT/DN (n = 15), CT/ShDN (n = 15), and ShCT/DN (n = 15). The sham condition (Sh) involved a simulated version of the technique. Measurements were taken at four time points: (i) at rest; (ii) immediately after exercise that led to a state of fatigue; (iii) 5 minutes after therapy (PostTh5min); and (iv) 24 hours after therapy (PostTh24h). Each participant was exposed to one experimental condition and one control condition, thereby undergoing evaluation in two sessions. Significant differences between groups were found in MT during the PostTh5min (p = 0.005), as well as in PU during the PostTh5min (p < 0.001) and PU during the PostTh24h (p < 0.001). All groups showed significant improvements at 5 minutes post-therapy compared to immediately post-muscle fatigue. As conclusions, CT/DN seems to be significantly better for enhancing MT and PU after 5 minutes of muscle fatigue induction. Using either CT, DN, or both combined is recommended to enhance the recovery of muscle functionality and properties, favoring recovery and potentially speeding up performance enhancement.
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Punción Seca , Antebrazo , Contracción Isométrica , Fatiga Muscular , Músculo Esquelético , Umbral del Dolor , Humanos , Método Simple Ciego , Fatiga Muscular/fisiología , Adulto Joven , Masculino , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Umbral del Dolor/fisiología , Punción Seca/métodos , Adulto , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Artes Marciales/fisiología , FemeninoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Prematurely born adults have increased risk for cardiovascular disease. There are limited cardiac data on US-born preterm individuals. We aimed to determine whether adolescents and adults born prematurely have altered left ventricular (LV) structure and function, and to interrogate diastolic function using isometric handgrip exercise. METHODS AND RESULTS: Adolescents and adults born moderately to extremely preterm (≤32 weeks gestation or <1500 g birth weight) were recruited from the Parkland Health Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Registry. Full-term participants were recruited from the local area. Study procedures included anthropometrics and vitals, handgrip testing, and echocardiography performed at rest and during isometric handgrip exercise. Data were reported as mean±SD. The study enrolled 107 preterm and 48 term participants. Preterm participants (gestational age: 29.5±2.5 weeks) were shorter with higher body mass index (P<0.001) compared with term participants. Preterm participants exhibited smaller LV end-diastolic volume index (50.8±10.1 versus 56.9±10.0 mL/m2, P<0.001), LV stroke volume index (29.6±6.0 versus 34.1±6.5 mL/m2, P<0.001), and LV mass index (67.2±13.1 versus 73.3±14.2 g/m2, P=0.002) compared with term individuals. Preterm participants also had subclinical reductions in LV peak systolic tissue velocity and peak early diastolic tissue velocity lateral at rest. Isometric handgrip exercise promoted a reduction in diastolic function and an increase in hemodynamic measures, but changes during isometric handgrip exercise were similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents and adults born preterm exhibit overall normal cardiac function despite smaller cardiac volumes and mass compared with individuals born full term. Effects are most pronounced at the lowest gestational ages.
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Edad Gestacional , Fuerza de la Mano , Ventrículos Cardíacos , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Adolescente , Función Ventricular Izquierda/fisiología , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología , Adulto , Recién Nacido , Adulto Joven , Volumen Sistólico/fisiología , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Ecocardiografía , Recien Nacido Extremadamente Prematuro , Sistema de Registros , Factores de EdadRESUMEN
This study addresses the need for highly sensitive tools to evaluate hand strength, particularly grasp and pinch strength, which are vital for diagnosing and rehabilitating conditions affecting hand function. Current devices like the Jamar dynamometer and Martin Vigorimeter, although reliable, fail to measure extremely low force or pressure values required for individuals with severe hand impairments. This research introduces a novel device, a modified Martin Vigorimeter, utilizing an ultra-soft latex chamber and differential pressure measurement to detect minute pressure changes, thus significantly enhancing sensitivity. The device offers a cost-effective solution, making advanced hand strength evaluation more accessible for clinical and research applications. Future research should validate its accuracy across diverse populations and settings, exploring its broader implications for hand rehabilitation and occupational health.
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Fuerza de la Mano , Presión , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Humanos , Mano/fisiología , Fuerza de Pellizco/fisiología , Dinamómetro de Fuerza Muscular , Diseño de EquipoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Reaching and grasping (R&G) in rats is commonly used as an outcome measure to investigate the effectiveness of rehabilitation or treatment strategies to recover forelimb function post spinal cord injury. Kinematic analysis has been limited to the wrist and digit movements. Kinematic profiles of the more proximal body segments that play an equally crucial role in successfully executing the task remain unexplored. Additionally, understanding of different forelimb muscle activity, their interactions, and their correlation with the kinematics of R&G movement is scarce. NEW METHOD: In this work, novel methodologies to comprehensively assess and quantify the 3D kinematics of the proximal and distal forelimb joints along with associated muscle activity during R&G movements in adult rats are developed and discussed. RESULTS: Our data show that different phases of R&G identified using the novel kinematic and EMG-based approach correlate with the well-established descriptors of R&G stages derived from the Whishaw scoring system. Additionally, the developed methodology allows describing the temporal activity of individual muscles and associated mechanical and physiological properties during different phases of the motor task. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S): R&G phases and their sub-components are identified and quantified using the developed kinematic and EMG-based approach. Importantly, the identified R&G phases closely match the well-established qualitative descriptors of the R&G task proposed by Whishaw and colleagues. CONCLUSIONS: The present work provides an in-depth objective analysis of kinematics and EMG activity of R&G behavior, paving the way to a standardized approach to assessing this critical rodent motor function in future studies.
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Electromiografía , Miembro Anterior , Fuerza de la Mano , Músculo Esquelético , Animales , Fenómenos Biomecánicos/fisiología , Miembro Anterior/fisiología , Electromiografía/métodos , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Ratas , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/fisiopatología , Femenino , Destreza Motora/fisiología , Masculino , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Conducta Animal/fisiología , Movimiento/fisiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The University of Jyvaskyla Active Aging Scale (UJACAS) assesses active aging through willingness, ability, opportunity, and frequency of involvement in activities. Recognizing the lack of a German version, the Finnish original was translated (UJACAS-G). This study aimed: (1) to evaluate the test-retest reliability of UJACAS-G; and (2) to explore correlations with health-related parameters (concurrent validity). METHODS: The study (test-retest design) targeted healthy older adults aged 65+. Reliability of UJACAS-G (total and subscores) was assessed using Bland-Altman analyses and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs). Furthermore, correlations (Spearman's rho) between UJACAS-G scores and physical function (walking speed, handgrip strength, balance, 6-minute walk distance), physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), life-space mobility (Life-Space Assessment), and health-related quality of life (Short Form-36 Health Survey) were calculated. RESULTS: Bland-Altman analyses (N = 60; mean age 72.3, SD 5.9 years; 50% women) revealed mean differences close to zero and narrow limits of agreement for all scores (total score: mean difference -1.9; limits -31.7 to 27.9). The ability subscore showed clustering at its upper limit. ICC was 0.829 (95% CI 0.730 to 0.894) for the total score and ranged between 0.530 and 0.876 for subscores (all p-values < 0.001). The total score correlated with walking speed (rho = 0.345; p = 0.008), physical activity (rho = 0.279; p = 0.033) and mental health (rho = 0.329; p = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS: UJACAS-G is reliable for assessing active aging among German-speaking healthy older adults. A potential 'ceiling effect' regarding the ability subscore should be considered when applying UJACAS-G to well-functioning populations. Analyses of concurrent validity indicated only weak correlations with health-related parameters.
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Calidad de Vida , Humanos , Anciano , Masculino , Femenino , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos , Alemania , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Envejecimiento/fisiología , Envejecimiento/psicología , Psicometría/métodos , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Low body mass index is closely related to a high risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related biomarkers including amyloid-ß (Aß) deposition. However, the association between sarcopenia and Aß-confirmed AD remains controversial. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between sarcopenia and the AD continuum. We explored sarcopenia's association with clinical implications of participants on the AD continuum. We prospectively enrolled 142 participants on the AD continuum (19 with preclinical AD, 96 with mild cognitive impairment due to AD, and 28 with AD dementia) and 58 Aß-negative cognitively unimpaired participants. Sarcopenia, assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and hand grip measurements, was considered a predictor. AD continuum, defined by Aß deposition on positron emission tomography served as an outcome. Clinical severity in participants on the AD continuum assessed using hippocampal volume, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Seoul Verbal Learning Test (SVLT), and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes Scores (CDR-SOB) were also considered an outcome. Sarcopenia (odds ratio = 4.99, p = 0.004) was associated independently with the AD continuum after controlling for potential confounders. Moreover, sarcopenia was associated with poor downstream imaging markers (decreased hippocampal volume, ß = - 0.206, p = 0.020) and clinical outcomes (low MMSE, ß = - 1.364, p = 0.025; low SVLT, ß = - 1.077, p = 0.025; and high CDR-SOB scores, ß = 0.783, p = 0.022) in participants on the AD continuum. Sarcopenia was associated with the AD continuum and poor clinical outcome in individuals with AD continuum. Therefore, our results provide evidence for future studies to confirm whether proper management of sarcopenia can effective strategies are required for sarcopenia management to prevent the AD continuum and its clinical implications.
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Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Disfunción Cognitiva , Sarcopenia , Humanos , Sarcopenia/diagnóstico por imagen , Sarcopenia/etiología , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/complicaciones , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Masculino , Anciano , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Péptidos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Fuerza de la Mano , Estudios Prospectivos , Biomarcadores , Absorciometría de Fotón , Hipocampo/diagnóstico por imagen , Hipocampo/patología , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Pruebas de Estado Mental y Demencia , Índice de Masa CorporalRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the functioning and associated factors in children and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 30 children and adolescents with OI. Medical records, use of bisphosphonates, socioeconomic status, handgrip strength, balance, joint hypermobility, ambulatory level, and the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptative Test (PEDI-CAT) scores were assessed. Data is presented as mean and standard deviation and Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical data is presented as frequency and analyzed using Fisher's exact test. Within-group analyses were conducted using ANCOVA or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Correlations used Kendall's Tau-b test. RESULTS: The participants involved in this study were 6-18 years old. The sample was separated into two groups according to disease severity. The moderate/severe OI group (n=10) presented a lower height and muscular strength than the mild group (n=20). Muscle weakness was observed in all participants with OI when compared with the normal population. No differences were observed between the groups in the PEDI-CAT scores except for the mobility domain. There were correlations between the PEDI-CAT mobility domain and the number of fractures, OI type, weight, and balance; there was also a correlation between the PEDI-CAT daily activities, mobility, responsibility, and social/cognitive domains. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that children with moderate/severe forms of OI can achieve the same function levels as children with mild OI. Fractures can have a major influence on the functional level, and treatment should focus on the prevention and rehabilitation of these events when they occur.
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Osteogénesis Imperfecta , Humanos , Osteogénesis Imperfecta/fisiopatología , Osteogénesis Imperfecta/complicaciones , Estudios Transversales , Adolescente , Femenino , Niño , Masculino , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiologíaRESUMEN
The loss of a hand disrupts the sophisticated neural pathways between the brain and the hand, severely affecting the level of independence of the patient and the ability to carry out daily work and social activities. Recent years have witnessed a rapid evolution of surgical techniques and technologies aimed at restoring dexterous motor functions akin to those of the human hand through bionic solutions, mainly relying on probing of electrical signals from the residual nerves and muscles. Here, we report the clinical implementation of an interface aimed at achieving this goal by exploiting muscle deformation, sensed through passive magnetic implants: the myokinetic interface. One participant with a transradial amputation received an implantation of six permanent magnets in three muscles of the residual limb. A truly self-contained myokinetic prosthetic arm embedding all hardware components and the battery within the prosthetic socket was developed. By retrieving muscle deformation caused by voluntary contraction through magnet localization, we were able to control in real time a dexterous robotic hand following both a direct control strategy and a pattern recognition approach. In just 6 weeks, the participant successfully completed a series of functional tests, achieving scores similar to those achieved when using myoelectric controllers, a standard-of-care solution, with comparable physical and mental workloads. This experience raised conceptual and technical limits of the interface, which nevertheless pave the way for further investigations in a partially unexplored field. This study also demonstrates a viable possibility for intuitively interfacing humans with robotic technologies.
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Amputados , Miembros Artificiales , Fuerza de la Mano , Imanes , Diseño de Prótesis , Robótica , Humanos , Amputados/rehabilitación , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Robótica/instrumentación , Masculino , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Extremidad Superior , Mano/fisiología , Adulto , Electromiografía , Muñones de Amputación/fisiopatología , Contracción Muscular/fisiología , Implantación de PrótesisRESUMEN
Although an increase in ulnar variance with power grip is well documented in the medical literature, there is a paucity of information concerning its mechanism. This concept was examined in five healthy individuals using computed tomography of their wrists and elbows. Images were obtained of both joints in the resting position and with maximum power grip. Ulnar variance at the wrist increased an average of 0.64 mm (range: 0.3 to 1.2 mm). While the ulnohumeral joint remained unchanged, the radiocapitellar distance shortened an average of 0.62 mm (range: 0.3 to 1.0 mm; p = 0.03), which correlated directly with the change at the wrist. Our study showed that the increase in ulnar variance with grip was due to proximal shift of the radius and not to any distal migration of the ulna, which may have clinical implications in reconstruction or arthroplasty of the elbow.
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Articulación del Codo , Fuerza de la Mano , Cúbito , Articulación de la Muñeca , Humanos , Cúbito/diagnóstico por imagen , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Articulación de la Muñeca/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación de la Muñeca/cirugía , Masculino , Articulación del Codo/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación del Codo/cirugía , Adulto , Femenino , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Voluntarios Sanos , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Adulto Joven , Radio (Anatomía)/diagnóstico por imagen , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Persona de Mediana Edad , Rango del Movimiento Articular/fisiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study delves into the intriguing connection between knee osteoarthritis and diabetes in Malaysia. Specifically, the exacerbation of knee osteoarthritis in the presence of diabetes in terms of symptoms, physical performance, physical activity, psychological status, social participation, and quality of life was discussed. DESIGN: This cross-sectional study recruited adults aged 50 and above by convenient sampling and grouped them into: knee osteoarthritis-diabetes-, knee osteoarthritis+diabetes-, knee osteoarthritis-diabetes+, and knee osteoarthritis+diabetes+. SUBJECTS/PATIENTS: Of 436 recruited participants, 261 (59.8%) participants reported knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: Handgrip strength, Timed Up and Go test, 6 Meter Walk Test, and 5 Times Sit to Stand Test were measured using standardized procedures. Six questionnaires were administered for the remaining parameters. RESULTS: Across groups, there were significant differences: 6 Meter Walk Test (p = 0.024), Timed Up and Go test (p = 0.020), and 5 Times Sit to Stand Test (p < 0.001), quality of life (p = 0.009), and physical activity (p = 0.036). Knee osteoarthritis+diabetes+ was independently associated with reduced handgrip strength, 5 Times Sit to Stand Test, quality of life, and physical inactivity after adjustment. Knee osteoarthritis+diabetes- was independently associated with reduced Timed Up and Go test and social isolation. CONCLUSION: The findings revealed the diabetic knee osteoarthritis subgroup's unique physical and psychosocial features of reduced muscle strength and physical inactivity. Future studies should investigate whether managing metabolic factors, and enhancing physical activity and strength exercises, can reduce knee osteoarthritis symptoms and disease severity.
Asunto(s)
Fuerza Muscular , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla , Calidad de Vida , Humanos , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/fisiopatología , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/rehabilitación , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/psicología , Masculino , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Malasia , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Conducta Sedentaria , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Diabetes Mellitus/fisiopatología , Diabetes Mellitus/psicologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to determine whether machine learning can identify specific combinations of long-term conditions (LTC) associated with increased sarcopenia risk and hence address an important evidence gap-people with multiple LTC (MLTC) have increased risk of sarcopenia but it has not yet been established whether this is driven by specific combinations of LTC. DESIGN: Decision trees were used to identify combinations of LTC associated with increased sarcopenia risk. Participants were classified as being at risk of sarcopenia based on maximum grip strength of <32 kg for men and <19 kg for women. The combinations identified were triangulated with logistic regression. SETTING: UK Biobank. PARTICIPANTS: UK Biobank participants with MLTC (two or more LTC) at baseline. RESULTS: Of 140 001 participants with MLTC (55.3% women, median age 61 years), 21.0% were at risk of sarcopenia. Decision trees identified several LTC combinations associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia. These included drug/alcohol misuse and osteoarthritis, and connective tissue disease and osteoporosis in men, which showed the relative excess risk of interaction of 3.91 (95% CI 1.71 to 7.51) and 2.27 (95% CI 0.02 to 5.91), respectively, in age-adjusted models. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of LTC combinations associated with increased sarcopenia risk could aid the identification of individuals for targeted interventions, recruitment of participants to sarcopenia studies and contribute to the understanding of the aetiology of sarcopenia.
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Árboles de Decisión , Sarcopenia , Humanos , Sarcopenia/epidemiología , Masculino , Femenino , Reino Unido/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Transversales , Anciano , Bancos de Muestras Biológicas , Factores de Riesgo , Fuerza de la Mano , Aprendizaje Automático , Modelos Logísticos , Biobanco del Reino UnidoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Body composition (BC) techniques, including bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIVA), nutritional ultrasound® (NU), and computed tomography (CT), can detect nutritional diagnoses such as sarcopenia (Sc). Sc in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with greater severity and lower survival. Our aim was to explore the correlation of BIVA, NU and functional parameters with BC at T12 level CT scans in patients with IPF but also its relationship with degree of Sc, malnutrition and mortality. METHODS: This bicentric cross-sectional study included 60 IPF patients (85.2% male, 70.9 ± 7.8 years). Morphofunctional assessment (MFA) techniques included BIVA, NU, CT at T12 level (T12-CT), handgrip strength, and timed up and go. CT data were obtained using FocusedON®. Statistical analysis was conducted using JAMOVI version 2.3.22 to determine the cutoff points for Sc in T12-CT and to analyze correlations with other MFA techniques. RESULTS: the cutoff for muscle area in T12-CT was ≤77.44 cm2 (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.734, sensitivity = 41.7%, specificity = 100%). The skeletal muscle index (SMI_T12CT) cutoff was ≤24.5 cm2/m2 (AUC = 0.689, sensitivity = 66.7%, specificity = 66.7%). Low SMI_T12CT exhibited significantly reduced median survival and higher risk of mortality compared to those with normal muscle mass (SMI cut off ≥ 28.8 cm/m2). SMI_T12CT was highly correlated with body cell mass from BIVA (r = 0.681) and rectus femoris cross-sectional area (RF-CSA) from NU (r = 0.599). Cronbach's α for muscle parameters across different MFA techniques and CT was 0.735, confirming their validity for evaluating muscle composition. CONCLUSIONS: T12-CT scan is a reliable technique for measuring low muscle mass in patients with IPF, specifically when the L3 vertebrae are not captured. An SMI value of <28.8 is a good predictor of low lean mass and 12-month mortality in IPF patients.
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Composición Corporal , Impedancia Eléctrica , Fibrosis Pulmonar Idiopática , Sarcopenia , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Humanos , Sarcopenia/diagnóstico por imagen , Sarcopenia/diagnóstico , Masculino , Femenino , Fibrosis Pulmonar Idiopática/diagnóstico por imagen , Fibrosis Pulmonar Idiopática/mortalidad , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fuerza de la Mano , Evaluación Nutricional , Músculo Esquelético/diagnóstico por imagen , Músculo Esquelético/patología , Estado NutricionalRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Health-related physical fitness (HRPF) attributes are considered important markers beneficial to various health outcomes. However, the literature is divergent regarding HRPF and bone health in adulthood, especially due to the end of the second and beginning of the third decades of life when the peak bone mass period occurs. OBJECTIVE: To analyze which HRPF variables are areal bone mineral density (aBMD) predictors in adult males and females. METHODS: This study evaluated 137 healthy young adults aged 18-25 years (50% males). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to estimate fat mass and lean mass and aBMD, hand grip strength test, sit-ups test, flexibility test, lower limb muscle strength and 20-meter run were used to evaluate physical fitness. Multiple linear regression using the backward method was used to analyze bone mineral density predictors by sex. RESULTS: HRPF indicators showed correlations from R = 0.28 in the right femoral neck aBMD to R = 0.61 in the upper limbs aBMD in males; in females, correlations from R = 0.27 in total body aBMD to R = 0.68 in the lower limbs aBMD were found. In males, body mass and HRPF indicators were aBMD predictors with HRPF indicators explaining variance from R²=0.214 in the lumbar spine to R²=0.497 in the upper limbs, and in females, with the exception of the lumbar spine, variance from R²=0.237 in the right femoral neck aBMD to R²=0.442 in the lower limbs aBMD was found. CONCLUSION: Health-related physical fitness components were able to predict aBMD in different anatomical regions in young adults, especially muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness indicators for males, while only lean mass and fat mass for females.