RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Bacterial fluorescence methods are of interest in endodontics for informing endpoints for debridement. This study explored potential fluorescence quenching reversal effects of a water-soluble vitamin E conjugate (d-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, TPGS) when applied to polymicrobial biofilms grown on dentine that had been exposed to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) to cause quenching. METHOD: Extracted human teeth were debrided, embedded in transparent acrylic resin and sectioned. After smear layer removal, tooth dentine sections were inoculated with a polymicrobial inoculum, and cultured for 7 days to create biofilms. Samples (n = 8 per group) were exposed to 1 % or 4 % NaOCl for 2 or 4 min, and then treated with TPGS. Bacterial fluorescence readings under laser excitation at 655 nm were assessed over 10 min using a calibrated DIAGNOdent device. All data were assessed for normality (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test) and analysed with ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc tests. RESULTS: NaOCl at both concentrations quenched fluorescence readings of biofilms grown on dentine samples, with a maximal reduction of 40.4 % at 5 min after 4 % NaOCl. Treatment with TPGS gave faster recovery of fluorescence readings compared to the control at 5 and 10 min. CONCLUSION: The water-soluble antioxidant TPGS partially reversed fluorescence quenching caused by NaOCl. This agent may have value clinically for reducing the time needed for fluorescence readings to recover when NaOCl is used as an irrigant. This will facilitate more accurate assessment of endpoints for canal debridement.
Asunto(s)
Biopelículas , Dentina , Hipoclorito de Sodio , Vitamina E , Humanos , Dentina/efectos de los fármacos , Dentina/microbiología , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Hipoclorito de Sodio/farmacología , Vitamina E/farmacología , Solubilidad , Fluorescencia , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Polietilenglicoles/farmacologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The ability to determine the effectiveness of root canal disinfection in real-time prior to the final root filling could significantly influence the management and treatment outcomes of root canal therapy. Laser fluorescence devices can detect bacterial fluorescence in real-time, however since quenching of fluorescence is a possible confounding factor, this study explored the effects of oxidising endodontic irrigants on laser fluorescence in dentine. METHODS: A total of 78 transverse 2 mm thick sections were prepared from the crowns of sterilised extracted non-functional third molars that had been embedded in acrylic resin. The dentine sections where then treated with different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide, with or without further rinsing with distilled water wash. Fluorescence values were recorded over 24 h using the DIAGNOdent laser fluorescence device. RESULTS: Both sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide cause quenching of fluorescence readings of human dentine, with reductions of 30-60% in fluorescence readings. The quenching effect occurred quickly, and recovery to baseline readings took from 1 h to 24 h. Rinsing with water reduced but did not eliminate the quenching effect. CONCLUSION: The use of laser fluorescence to reliably detect root canal bacteria porphyrins in real-time could significantly influence the management of teeth needing root canal therapy. This study highlighted the quenching effects of some root canal irrigants on human teeth root dentine, a variable that should be considered and controlled prior to using lasers to assist in assessing root canal sterility.
Asunto(s)
Oxidantes , Fotoquimioterapia , Cavidad Pulpar , Dentina , Fluorescencia , Humanos , Oxidantes/farmacología , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/farmacología , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/farmacología , Preparación del Conducto Radicular , Hipoclorito de Sodio/farmacologíaRESUMEN
The impact of pyranose oxidase (P2O), glucose oxidase (GO) and H2O2 on gluten agglomeration during wheat flour gluten-starch separation was studied. Analysis of gluten aggregate sizes in batter formed from wheat flour dough revealed that increasing levels of oxidising agents gradually decreased the tendency of gluten proteins to form large gluten aggregates. Low enzyme levels increased arabinoxylan (AX) and starch retention on the sieves, due to physical incorporation of AX and starch in the gluten aggregates. Higher enzyme levels increased retention of starch and AX on the smaller and larger sieves, respectively. Extensive oxidation leads to physical incorporation of AX and starch granules in the small gluten aggregates. AX is also crosslinked and hence more easily retained on the top sieves. Our results confirm that the size of gluten aggregates and the level of AX crosslinking and AX and starch incorporation in gluten proteins depend on the concentration of H2O2.