RESUMEN

Bemisia tabaci poses a severe threat to plants, and the control of B. tabaci mainly relies on pesticides, which causes more and more rapidly increasing resistance. ß-Caryophyllene is a promising ingredient for agricultural pest control, but its feature of poor water solubility need to be improved in practical applications. Nanotechnology can enhance the effectiveness and dispersion of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, a nanoliposome carrier was constructed by ethanol injection and ultrasonic dispersion method, and ß-caryophyllene was wrapped inside it, thus solving the defect of poor solubility of ß-caryophyllene. The size of the ß-caryophyllene nanoliposomes (C-BT-NPs) was around 200 nm, with the absolute value of the zeta potential exceeding 30 mV and a PDI below 0.5. The stability was also maintained over a 14-d storage period. C-BT-NPs showed effective insecticidal activity against B. tabaci, with an LC50 of 1.51 g/L, outperforming thiamethoxam and offering efficient agricultural pest control. Furthermore, C-BT-NPs had minimal short-term impact on the growth of tomato plants, indicating that they are safety on plants. Therefore, the VOCs using nanoliposome preparation technology show promise in reducing reliance on conventional pesticides and present new approaches to managing agricultural pests.

Asunto(s)

Hemípteros , Insecticidas , Liposomas , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Animales , Hemípteros/efectos de los fármacos , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/farmacología , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/química , Insecticidas/farmacología , Insecticidas/química , Nanopartículas/química , Sesquiterpenos/farmacología , Sesquiterpenos/química , Solanum lycopersicum/parasitología , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/química , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/farmacología

RESUMEN

Cannabis sativa L. essential oil has attracted the interest of the scientific community thanks to its numerous biological activities. Several studies have evaluated EOs as alternative therapeutic approaches to limit the use of antibiotics; the present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory and bactericidal activity of the essential oils obtained from the leaves and inflorescences of two hemp genotypes against twenty-one multidrug-resistant, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius strains isolated from canine clinical samples. Both EOs were mainly represented by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, with a prevalence of ß-caryophyllene and α-humulene. However, different relative amounts of phytocannabinoids were also detected. Microbiological results evidenced better outcomes for the EO characterised by the highest content of phytocannabinoids, which in turn showed no differences among the tested strains. Nevertheless, both the EOs showed better inhibitory and bactericidal activities than their main constituent, ß-caryophyllene, tested individually, highlighting the presence of synergistic effects among the EO compounds.

RESUMEN

ß-Caryophyllene (BCP), a dietary phytocannabinoid, significantly suppresses palmitate-induced lipid accumulation in human HepG2 hepatocytes via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. The objective of the preset research was to assess whether oral administration of BCP alleviates obesity-induced hepatic steatosis in mice through AMPK activation. We examined the protective action of supplementation of 0.3% BCP (w/w) in a high-fat diet (HFD) on C57BL/6 J mice for 12 weeks. BCP supplementation evidently ameliorated histological hepatic steatosis features, and significantly reduced triglycerides and cholesterol levels in liver, and serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase as compared with non-supplemented HFD-fed mice. Immunoblotting revealed that BCP supplementation in HFD-fed mice also caused hepatic AMPK activation. Furthermore, treatment with BCP in HFD-fed mice significantly suppressed body weight gain and attenuated obesity-related phenotypes relative to the HFD mice. Our results suggest the usefulness of BCP in the prevention of obesity-related liver steatosis and liver injury.

RESUMEN

Applying low-cost substrate is critical for sustainable bioproduction. Co-culture of phototrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms can be a promising solution as they can use CO2 and light as feedstock. This study aimed to create a light-driven consortium using a marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 and an industrial yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. First, the cyanobacterium was engineered to accumulate and secrete sucrose by regulating the expression of genes involved in sucrose biosynthesis and transport, resulting in 4.0 g/L of sucrose secretion. Then, Yarrowia lipolytica was engineered to efficiently use sucrose and produce ß-caryophyllene that has various industrial applications. Then, co- and sequential-culture were optimized with different induction conditions and media compositions. A maximum ß-caryophyllene yield of 14.1 mg/L was obtained from the co-culture. This study successfully established an artificial light-driven consortium based on a marine cyanobacterium and Y. lipolytica, and provides a foundation for sustainable bioproduction from CO2 and light through co-culture systems.

Asunto(s)

Técnicas de Cocultivo , Luz , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Synechococcus , Yarrowia , Técnicas de Cocultivo/métodos , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/metabolismo , Synechococcus/metabolismo , Synechococcus/crecimiento & desarrollo , Yarrowia/metabolismo , Sacarosa/metabolismo , Sesquiterpenos/metabolismo , Procesos Heterotróficos , Procesos Autotróficos

RESUMEN

ß-Caryophyllene (BCP), a selective agonist for cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R), has demonstrated promising protective effects in various pathological conditions. However, the neuroprotective effects of BCP on white matter damage induced by ischemic stroke have not been elucidated previously. In this study, we find that BCP not only improves sensorimotor and cognitive function via CB2R but also mitigates white matter lesions in mice following ischemic stroke. Furthermore, BCP enhances the viability of MO3.13 oligodendrocytes after oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R), attenuating OGD/R-induced cellular damage and pyroptosis. Notably, these protective effects of BCP are partially enhanced by the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 and counteracted by the NLRP3 activator nigericin. In addition, nigericin significantly exacerbates neurological outcomes and increases white matter lesions following BCP treatment in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice. These results suggest that BCP may ameliorate neurological deficits and white matter damage induced by cerebral ischemia through inhibiting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.

Asunto(s)

Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Fármacos Neuroprotectores , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Piroptosis , Sustancia Blanca , Animales , Piroptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/farmacología , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/tratamiento farmacológico , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/patología , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/metabolismo , Ratones , Sustancia Blanca/efectos de los fármacos , Sustancia Blanca/patología , Sustancia Blanca/metabolismo , Masculino , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/metabolismo , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/antagonistas & inhibidores , Oligodendroglía/efectos de los fármacos , Oligodendroglía/metabolismo , Oligodendroglía/patología , Isquemia Encefálica/tratamiento farmacológico , Isquemia Encefálica/patología , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Infarto de la Arteria Cerebral Media/tratamiento farmacológico , Infarto de la Arteria Cerebral Media/patología , Receptor Cannabinoide CB2/metabolismo , Receptor Cannabinoide CB2/agonistas

RESUMEN

Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and has been associated with heart diseases. However, there are currently no approved drugs that specifically inhibit ferroptosis in clinical practice, which largely limits the translational potential of this novel target. Here, we demonstrated that ß-caryophyllene (BCP; 150 µM), a natural dietary cannabinoid, protects cardiomyocytes against ferroptotic cell death induced by cysteine deprivation or glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inactivation. Moreover, BCP preserved the mitochondrial morphology and function during ferroptosis induction. Unexpectedly, BCP supported ferroptosis resistance independent of canonical antiferroptotic pathways. Our results further suggested that BCP may terminate radical chain reactions through interactions with molecular oxygen, which also explains why its oxidation derivative failed to suppress ferroptosis. Finally, oral BCP administration (50 mg/kg, daily) significantly alleviated doxorubicin (15 mg/kg, single i.p. injection)-induced cardiac ferroptosis and cardiomyopathy in mice. In conclusion, our data revealed the role of BCP as a natural antiferroptotic compound and suggest pharmacological modification based on BCP as a promising therapeutic strategy for treating ferroptosis-associated heart disorders.

Asunto(s)

Ferroptosis , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Ferroptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Ratones , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/farmacología , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/química , Humanos , Masculino , Cardiotónicos/farmacología , Miocitos Cardíacos/efectos de los fármacos , Miocitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Sesquiterpenos/farmacología , Sesquiterpenos/metabolismo , Ratas , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos

RESUMEN

Mercury chloride (ME) is a chemical pollutant commonly found in the environment, which can contribute to undesirable health consequence worldwide. The current study investigated the detrimental impact of ME on the cerebellum and spinal cord tissues in 6-8-week-old female rats. We also evaluated the neuroprotective efficacy of ß-caryophyllene (BC) against spinal and cerebellar changes caused by ME. Thirty-five young Wistar albino rats were randomly chosen and assigned into five groups: control (CO), olive oil (OI), ME, BC, ME + BC. All samples were analysed by means of unbiased stereological, biochemical, immunohistochemical, and histopathological methods. Our biochemical findings showed that SOD level was significantly increased in the ME group compared to the CO group (p < 0.05). We additionally detected a statistically significant decrease in the number of cerebellar Purkinje cells and granular cells, as well as spinal motor neuron in the ME group compared to the CO group (p < 0.05). In the ME + BC group, the number of Purkinje cells, granular cells, and spinal motor neurons was significantly higher compared to the ME group (p < 0.05). Decreased SOD activity in the ME + BC group was also detected than the ME group (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical (the tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)) and histopathological examinations also exhibited crucial information in each of the group. Taken together, ME exposure was associated with neurotoxicity in the cerebellum and spinal cord tissues. BC treatment also mitigated ME-induced neurological alteration, which may imply its potential therapeutic benefits.

RESUMEN

Species belonging to the genus Salvia, Lamiaceae, have been deeply involved in the folk medicine of different nations since ancient times. Lilac sage, or Salvia verticillata L. (S. verticillata) is a less studied species from the genus. However, it seems to have a prominent potential for the future drug discovery strategies of novel phytopharmaceuticals. This review aims to summarise the data on the biological activity and the phytochemical profile of extracts and essential oils derived from S. verticillata. This review is based on data from 57 in vitro and in vivo studies. The chemical profile of S. verticillata includes different synergic compounds like phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenes, and salvianolic acids. Although some small amounts of salvianolic acid B were found in S. verticillata extracts, the major compound among the salvianolic acids is salvianolic acid C, a compound associated with the potential for improving liver fibrosis, cardio- and hepatoprotection, and the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The cannabinoid type 2 receptor agonist ß-caryophyllene is one of the major compounds in S. verticillata essential oils. It is a compound with a prominent potential in regenerative medicine, neurology, immunology, and other medical fields. The in vivo and the in vitro studies, regarding S. verticillata highlighted good antioxidant potential, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal activity. S.verticillata was also reported as a potential source of drug candidates for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, because of the inhibitory activity on the acetylcholinesterase. However, the number of studies in this direction is limited.

RESUMEN

Doronicum is a relatively small genus belonging to the tribe Senecioneae (Fam. Asteraceae), distributed in Asia, Europe, and North Africa. Some of its species are considered toxic due to the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids whereas some other ones are largely utilised in the ethnopharmacology of several countries. In the present study, the essential oil composition of a Sicilian accession of Doronicum caucasicum M. Bieb (syn. D. orientale Hoffm.), not previously investigated, is particularly rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (80.3%) with germacrene D (58.9%), α-humulene (8.8%), and ß-caryophyllene (6.5%) as main metabolites. A comparison with all the essential oils from Doronicum taxa studied so far has been carried out.

RESUMEN

This study aimed to develop a relatively natural and safe botanical insecticide for controlling the storage pest Tribolium castaneum in the egg and pupal stages. It examined how Elsholtzia densa Benth. essential oil (EO) and its primary components, ß-caryophyllene and limonene, affected T. castaneum eggs and pupae through contact and fumigation. Among th, the contact activities of ß-caryophyllene against T. castaneum eggs and pupae are LD50 (median lethal dose, 50%) = 0.156 mg/cm2 and ED50 (median effective dose, 50%) = 16.35 mg/pupa respectively. The study also investigated the effect of ß-caryophyllene and limonene on T. castaneum eggs and pupae through synergistic contact and fumigation. When the mixing ratio of ß-caryophyllene and limonene was 7:1, the LD50 value of contact activity against T. castaneum eggs was reduced to 0.100 mg/cm2, displaying an obvious synergistic effect. Experiments were conducted to investigate the antitoxic effect of ß-caryophyllene on T. castaneum eggs and pupae, as well as its effects on the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase, succinate dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase and carboxylesterase in T. castaneum pupae. Finally, the molecular docking techniques were employed to confirm the aforementioned effects on enzyme function. The findings of this study might help improve storage pest control with T. castaneum and create eco-friendly insecticides using E. densa EO, ß-caryophyllene, and limonene.

Asunto(s)

Insecticidas , Lamiaceae , Aceites Volátiles , Pupa , Tribolium , Animales , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/química , Tribolium/efectos de los fármacos , Lamiaceae/química , Insecticidas/farmacología , Insecticidas/química , Pupa/efectos de los fármacos , Óvulo/efectos de los fármacos , Limoneno/farmacología , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/farmacología , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/química

RESUMEN

Introduction: Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and the main cause of cancer death, usually related to cigarette smoking. Furthermore, the microbiota of people exposed to cigarette smoke can be modified, making it difficult to eliminate opportunistic microorganisms. The leaves of Eugenia pyriformis are a by-product of fruit production and, to date, there have been no studies addressing the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. Objective: Investigate the antimicrobial, Nitric Oxide (NO)-production inhibition, and antiproliferative activities of the essential oil from E. pyriformis leaves and its possible effect on the treatment and prevention of damage caused by tobacco. Methods: The essential oil (EO) was obtained by hydrodistillation (3 h). Its chemical composition was investigated by GC-MS. It was proposed to investigate antiproliferative activity against human tumor cell lines, namely, breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), lung (NCI-H460), cervical (HeLa), and hepatocellular (HepG2) carcinomas. A non-tumor primary culture from pig liver (PLP2) was also tested. The EO capacity to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated by a lipopolysaccharide stimulated murine macrophage cell line. Antibacterial and antifungal activities against opportunistic pathogens were investigated against seven strains of bacteria and eight fungi. Results: The results indicated the presence of 23 compounds in the essential oil, the majority were spathulenol (45.63%) and ß-caryophyllene oxide (12.72%). Leaf EO provided 50% inhibition of nitric oxide production at a concentration of 92.04 µg mL-1. The EO also demonstrated antiproliferative activity against all human tumor cell lines studied, with GI50 values comprised between 270.86 and 337.25 µg mL-1. The essential oil showed antimicrobial potential against the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes (Murray et al.) Pirie (NCTC 7973) and Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 13311 (MIC 1870 µg mL-1) and fungi Aspergillus versicolor ATCC 11730, Aspergillus ochraceus ATCC 12066, Penicillium ochrochloron ATCC 90288, Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium (Westling) Samson, Stolk & Hadlok (food isolate) (MIC 1870 µg mL-1) and Trichoderma viride Pers. IAM 5061 (1,400 µg mL-1). Conclusion: The demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antimicrobial activities in the leaves of E. pyriformis can add value to the production chain of this plant, being a possible option for preventing and combating cancer, including lung cancer.

RESUMEN

The abnormal deposition of tau protein is one of the critical causes of tauopathies including Alzheimer's disease (AD). In recent years, there has been great interest in the use of essential oils and volatile compounds in aromatherapy for treating AD, since volatile compounds can directly reach the brain through intranasal administration. The volatile compounds α-asarone (ASA) and ß-caryophyllene (BCP) have revealed various important neuroprotective properties, useful in treating AD. In this study, the volatile compounds ASA and BCP were assessed for their effectiveness in preventing tau fibrillation, disassembly of pre-formed tau fibrils, and disaggregation of tau aggregates. SDS-PAGE and AFM analyses revealed that ASA and BCP inhibited tau fibrillation/aggregation and decreased the mean size of tau oligomers. Tau samples treated with ASA and BCP, showed a reduction in ThT and ANS fluorescence intensities, and a decrease in the ß-sheet content. Additionally, ASA and BCP disassembled the pre-formed tau fibrils to the granular and linear oligomeric intermediates. Treatment of neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells with tau samples treated with ASA and BCP, revealed protective effects as shown by reduced toxicity of the cells, due to the inhibition of tau fibrillation/aggregation. Overall, ASA and BCP appeared to be promising therapeutic candidates for AD.

Asunto(s)

Derivados de Alilbenceno , Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Anisoles , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Proteínas tau , Proteínas tau/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Humanos , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/farmacología , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/química , Derivados de Alilbenceno/farmacología , Derivados de Alilbenceno/química , Anisoles/farmacología , Anisoles/química , Línea Celular Tumoral , Agregado de Proteínas/efectos de los fármacos , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/química , Sesquiterpenos/farmacología , Sesquiterpenos/química

RESUMEN

Although rare, amoebic keratitis (AK) is a disease caused by Acanthamoeba spp. that can lead to blindness. The drugs currently available for its treatment are very toxic, which has motivated the investigation for more effective and safe therapeutic options. In this study, the in vitro activity of ß-caryophyllene (BCP) was exploited taking into account its action against other protozoans as well as its well-known healing and anti-inflammatory properties (aspects relevant for the AK pathogenesis). On the other hand, high volatilization and oxidation phenomena are found for this compound, which led to its incorporation into nanoemulsions (NEs). Two emulsifying agents were tested, resulting in monodisperse systems with reduced droplet size (<265 nm) and high surface charge (positive and negative for NEs prepared with cetrimonium bromide -CTAB and Phosal® 50+, respectively). NEs prepared with CTAB were shown to be more stable after long-term storage at 4 and 25 °C than those prepared with Phosal®. Pure BCP, at the highest concentration (500 µM), resulted in a level of inhibition of Acanthamoeba trophozoites equivalent to that of reference drug (chlorhexidine). This activity was even greater after oil nanoencapsulation. The reduced droplet size could improve the interaction of the oil with the microorganism, justifying this finding. Changes in surface charge did not impact the activity. Positively charged NEs improved the interaction and retention of BCP in the cornea and thus should be prioritized for further studies.

Asunto(s)

Queratitis por Acanthamoeba , Emulsiones , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Queratitis por Acanthamoeba/tratamiento farmacológico , Queratitis por Acanthamoeba/parasitología , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/química , Nanopartículas , Administración Oftálmica , Cetrimonio/química , Animales , Acanthamoeba/efectos de los fármacos , Estabilidad de Medicamentos , Tamaño de la Partícula , Soluciones Oftálmicas , Humanos

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Flap transplantation is a widely used plastic repair technique in surgical procedures, aimed at addressing skin defects resulting from diverse wounds and diseases. However, due to the insufficient blood supply after flap surgery, the occurrence of ischemia-reperfusion injury, and an excessive sterile inflammatory response, flaps frequently develop complications (e.g., partial or complete ischemic necrosis). These complications have adverse effects on wound healing and repair. ß-Caryophyllene (BCP) is a bicyclic sesquiterpene that is widely present in plants. It mitigates oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, demonstrates neuroprotective and analgesic properties, and serves a protective function in organs or tissues subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, no study has confirmed whether BCP can be used in the field of flap transplantation to improve the flap survival rate. METHODS: To assess the impact of BCP on random flap survival, we constructed a modified McFarlane random flap model on the rat. After 7 consecutive days of gavage with different doses of BCP, we measured the survival area ratio, angiogenesis, blood perfusion, tissue inflammation level, apoptosis-related protein levels, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway expression of the random flap. RESULTS: BCP treatment increased the survival area of the flap in a dose-dependent manner after random flap transplantation in rats. BCP mainly promoted the formation of tissue blood vessels, improved flap blood perfusion, limited the local inflammatory response, and reduced apoptosis. In addition, we demonstrated that BCP works primarily by promoting the PI3K/AKT signaling expression while enhancing the phosphorylation of AKT. Administration of wortmannin, a selective inhibitor of PI3K, eliminated the effects of BCP. CONCLUSION: BCP can promote the survival of random flaps by upregulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, increasing tissue blood perfusion, and limiting the inflammatory response and apoptosis.

Asunto(s)

Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Transducción de Señal , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Animales , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/farmacología , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratas , Regulación hacia Arriba/efectos de los fármacos , Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Piel/irrigación sanguínea , Sesquiterpenos/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos

RESUMEN

Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is a peptidergic system, canonically known for its role in blood pressure regulation. Furthermore, a non-canonical RAS regulates pathophysiological phenomena, such as inflammation since it consists of two main axes: the pro-inflammatory renin/(pro)renin receptor ((P)RR) axis, and the anti-inflammatory angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/Angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7))/Mas Receptor (MasR) axis. Few phytochemicals have shown to exert angiotensinergic and anti-inflammatory effects through some of these axes; nevertheless, anti-inflammatory drugs, such as phytocannabinoids have not been studied regarding this subject. Among phytocannabinoids, ß-Caryophyllene stands out as a dietary phytocannabinoid with antiphlogistic activity that possess a unique sesquiterpenoid structure. Although its cannabinergic effect has been studied, its angiotensinergic effect reminds underexplored. This study aims to explore the angiotensinergic effect of ß-Caryophyllene on inflammation and stress at a systemic level. After intranasal Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) installation and oral treatment with ß-Caryophyllene, the concentration and activity of key RAS elements in the serum, such as Renin, ACE2 and Ang-(1-7), along with the stress hormone corticosterone and pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines, were measured in mice serum. The results show that ß-Caryophyllene treatment modified RAS levels by increasing Renin and Ang-(1-7), alongside the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and corticosterone levels. These results indicate that ß-Caryophyllene exhibits angiotensinergic activity in favor of anti-inflammation.

Asunto(s)

Angiotensina I , Inflamación , Lipopolisacáridos , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina , Animales , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos/farmacología , Inflamación/metabolismo , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Ratones , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/efectos de los fármacos , Angiotensina I/metabolismo , Sesquiterpenos/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Fragmentos de Péptidos/metabolismo

RESUMEN

Passiflora foetida is a climbing herb employed in ethno-medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The essential oil from flowers of P. foetida was obtained by hydrodistillation. The ethanol extract of the leaves was dissolved in water, then partitioned with n-hexane and n-butanol to obtain the various fractions; the fractions and isolated compound were subjected to in vitro antioxidant activity. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry afforded the identification of forty-two constituents in the floral oil, dominated by ß-caryophyllene (17.2%), cedrol (11.5%), and α-humulene (11.5%). The n-butanol fraction was the most active (70% inhibition and absorbance 0.401; 100 µg/mL) in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals and ferric reducing power assays, respectively. Chromatographic analysis facilitated the isolation of 8-C-ß-d-glucosylapigenin (vitexin) from the butanol fraction of P. foetida. Vitexin demonstrated good antioxidant activities (75% inhibition and absorbance 0.424; 100 µg/mL) compared with ascorbic acid. The volatile metabolites of P. foetida flowers are reported for the first time.

RESUMEN

Pain is the most frequent symptom of disease. In treating pain, a lower incidence of adverse effects is found for paracetamol versus other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Nevertheless, paracetamol can trigger side effects when taken regularly. Combined therapy is a common way of lowering the dose of a drug and thus of reducing adverse reactions. Since ß-caryophyllene oxide (a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene) is known to produce an analgesic effect, this study aimed to determine the anti-nociceptive and gastroprotective activity of administering the combination of paracetamol plus ß-caryophyllene oxide to CD1 mice. Anti-nociception was evaluated with the formalin model and gastroprotection with the model of ethanol-induced gastric lesions. According to the isobolographic analysis, the anti-nociceptive interaction of paracetamol and ß-caryophyllene oxide was synergistic. Various pain-related pathways were explored for their possible participation in the mechanism of action of the anti-nociceptive effect of ß-caryophyllene oxide, finding that NO, opioid receptors, serotonin receptors, and K+ATP channels are not involved. The combined treatment showed gastroprotective activity against ethanol-induced gastric damage. Hence, the synergistic anti-nociceptive effect of combining paracetamol with ß-caryophyllene oxide could be advantageous for the management of inflammatory pain, and the gastroprotective activity should help to protect against the adverse effects of chronic use.

RESUMEN

Blumea eriantha D.C is a weed from Asteraceae family and is reported to have anticancer activity. The essential oil from the aerial parts was extracted by steam distillation method with the yield of 0.36%. Through GC-MS analysis of the oil, seventeen compounds could be identified by comparing with linear retention indices with the library. Out of the seventeen compounds ß-Caryophylline oxide was isolated by column chromatography with gradient elution and the structure was determined through FT-IR, MS, 1HNMR, 13 C NMR and DEPT. The oil was evaluated for its effect on angiogenesis using Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay (CAM Assay). The concentration dependent antiangiogenic effect was observed with IC 50 value of 19.28 ppm.

Asunto(s)

Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis , Asteraceae , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Aceites Volátiles , Aceites Volátiles/química , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/farmacología , Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/química , Asteraceae/química , Animales , Membrana Corioalantoides/efectos de los fármacos , Membrana Corioalantoides/irrigación sanguínea , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas/química , Sesquiterpenos/farmacología , Sesquiterpenos/química , Sesquiterpenos/aislamiento & purificación , Estructura Molecular , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos

RESUMEN

The peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is an economically important polyphagous quarantine pest of horticultural crops endemic to South and Southeast Asia. Methyl eugenol (ME), a naturally occurring phenylpropanoid, is a male attractant used to lure and (when mixed with an insecticide) annihilate the males from the wild population, a method of pest control termed the male annihilation technique (MAT). ME is reported to enhance the mating success of sterile males of Bactrocera spp., which is critical for enhancing the effectiveness of the sterile insect technique (SIT). The suppressed response of ME-treated males to ME-baited traps/devices allows the simultaneous application of the MAT and SIT, increasing the efficiency of area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) programs. However, ME treatment in sterile males in SIT facilities is logistically difficult. ß-caryophyllene (BCP) is a widely occurring, safer plant compound and is considered suitable for treating males in SIT facilities. Here, we demonstrate that BCP feeding enhanced B. zonata male mating success to the same extent as ME feeding. Feeding on BCP suppressed the male's subsequent attraction to ME-baited traps, but not to the same degree as feeding on ME. The results are discussed and BCP is suggested as an alternative to ME for the concurrent use of the MAT and SIT.

RESUMEN

The Limonium genus (Plumbaginaceae) includes several species of perennial herbs and shrubs belonging to a particular type of halophytes, known as 'recretohalophytes'. Limonium species are widely distributed in the Mediterranean region, mainly in the North-Eastern and Southern countries and several bioactivities have been well documented. In the present study, the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) of the aerial parts of Limonium lobatum (L.f.) Chaz., a species never chemically previously studied and collected in Algeria, which grows in South Spain, North Africa, and SW Asia, was analysed using GC-MS. The main constituents of the EO were monoterpenes involving eucalyptol (14.21%), ß-pinene (8.62%), ß-myrcene (8.18%). Among the sesquiterpene compounds ß-caryophyllene (8.94%) was the major one. The chemical profile of the EO presented here was compared with the EOs of previously investigated Limonium taxa. Furthermore, a complete literature review on the ethno-pharmacological uses of Limonium species was performed.