RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Infection associated with the use of the External Ventricular Drainage (EVD) catheter in neurosurgery is linked to high morbidity and mortality, and various mechanisms are related to its occurrence. This systematic review aims to summarise and update the risk factors associated with EVD-related infection. METHOD: Systematic review with meta-analysis, utilising grey literature and indexed databases. FINDINGS: Thirty studies were included, of which nine contributed to the meta-analysis. The reported frequency of EVD-related infection varied from 1.9% to 36%, and the diagnostic criteria for infection were not standardized, with the presence of a positive culture being the most common. The primary microorganisms identified were Staphylococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. Key risk factors included duration of catheterisation, frequency of maintenance care, reinsertion, or number of drains. The results of the meta-analysis showed a significant effect in patients with prolonged use of EVDs, with an increase in risk of 1.47 (OR) [CI 95%, 1.03; 2,10] for each day of use (p=0.03), and showed that the number of cerebrospinal fluid collections was higher in the group with infection (p=0.00), while a greater number of EVDs used was related to a significant effect on infection rates (p=0.00), which were revealed from studies with low heterogeneity (I2: 0%). CONCLUSION: The results indicated studies with high heterogeneity and low quality of evidence, with risk factors associated with the maintenance or management of EVD.

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: this study aimed at estimating and comparing the reliability of temperature measurements obtained using a peripheral infrared temporal thermometer, a central cutaneous thermometer ("Zero-Heat-Flux Cutaneous thermometer") and an esophageal or nasopharyngeal thermometer among elective surgical patients in the intraoperative period. METHOD: a longitudinal study with repeated measures carried out by convenience sampling of 99 patients, aged at least 18 years old, undergoing elective abdominal cancer surgeries, with anesthesia lasting at least one hour, with each patient having their temperature measured by all three methods. RESULTS: the intraclass correlation coefficient showed a low correlation between the measurements using the peripheral temporal thermometer and the central cutaneous (0.0324) and esophageal/nasopharyngeal (-0.138) thermometers. There was a high correlation (0.744) between the central thermometers evaluated. CONCLUSION: the data from the current study do not recommend using infrared temporal thermometers as a strategy for measuring the body temperature of patients undergoing anesthetic-surgical procedures. Central cutaneous thermometers and esophageal/nasopharyngeal thermometers are equivalent for detecting intraoperative hypothermia.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objective: To compare the outcomes of patients undergoing conventional gastrointestinal surgeries who developed COVID-19 to those who were not infected. Method: Descriptive comparative study. Data were collected from 142 medical records, during the period from March 2020 (begin-ning of the pandemic in Brazil) to December 2021. Study approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE: 29473520.2.0000.5392). Results: The pro-file of the patients was mostly classified as ASA 2 and 3. There was the presence of at least one chronic disease in all patients with COVID-19 and in most patients without COVID-19. The mean BMI for patients with COVID-19 was type I obesity and overweight for the rest of the sample (p=0.043). There was a predominance of females among patients affected by COVID-19. Complications were longer postoperative hospital stay (p=0.015) and need for surgical approach (p=0.034). Conclusions: The profile of surgical patients with COVID-19 was linked to the presence of comorbidities, lon-ger duration of the surgical procedure and high BMI. Complications associated with the presence of COVID-19 were longer postoperative hospital stays and surgical reoperation. (AU)

Objetivo: Comparar os desfechos de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias gastrointestinais convencionais que desenvolveram coronavirus disease(COVID-19) com aqueles que não estavam contaminados. Método: Estudo comparativo descritivo. Foram coletados dados de 142 prontuários desde março de 2020 (início da pandemia no Brasil) até dezembro de 2021. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (CAAE: 29473520.2.0000.5392). Resultados: O perfil dos pacientes foi, em sua grande maioria, classificação ASA 2 e 3 e presença de ao menos uma doença crônica em todos os pacientes com COVID-19 e na maioria daqueles sem COVID-19. O índice de massa corpórea (IMC) médio para os pacientes com COVID-19 foi obesidade tipo I e sobrepeso para o restante da amostra (p=0,043). Houve predominância do sexo feminino entre os pacientes acometidos por COVID-19. As complicações foram maior tempo de internação pós-operatória (p=0,015) e necessidade de reabordagem cirúrgica (p=0,034). Conclusão: O perfil dos pacientes cirúr-gicos com COVID-19 esteve atrelado à presença de comorbidades, maior duração do procedimento cirúrgico e IMC elevado. As complicações associadas à presença de COVID-19 foram maior tempo de internação pós-operatória e necessidade de reabordagem cirúrgica. (AU)

Objetivo: Comparar los resultados de pacientes sometidos a cirugías gastrointestinales convencionales que desarrollaron la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) con aquellos que no estaban infectados. Método: Estudio comparativo descriptivo. Se recopilaron datos de 142 historias clínicas, durante el período entre marzo de 2020 (inicio de la pandemia en Brasil) y diciembre de 2021. Estudio aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación (CAAE: 29473520.2.0000.5392). Resultados: El perfil de los pacientes se clasificó en su mayor parte como ASA 2 y 3. Hubo presencia de al menos una enfermedad crónica en todos los pacientes con COVID-19 y en la mayoría de los pacientes sin COVID-19. El índice de masa corporal (IMC) promedio para los pacientes con COVID-19 fue de obesidad tipo I y de sobrepeso para el resto de la muestra (p=0,043). Hubo predominio del sexo femenino entre los pacientes afectados por COVID-19. Las complicaciones incluyeron un mayor tiempo de hospitalización postoperatoria (p=0,015) y la necesidad de reabordaje quirúrgico (p=0,034). Conclusión: El perfil de los pacientes quirúrgicos con COVID-19 se relacionó con la presencia de comorbilidades, mayor duración del procedimiento quirúrgico e IMC elevado. Las complicaciones asociadas con la presencia de COVID-19 fueron una hospitalización postope-ratoria más prolongada y la necesidad de un nuevo abordaje quirúrgico. (AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Recommendations for different types of bathing to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are still divergent. The objective of this study was to verify whether bed bathing with wipes impregnated with 2% chlorhexidine (CHG) compared to conventional bed bathing is more effective in preventing CLABSI. METHODS: Systematic review of the literature by consulting the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science from the date of inception until July 1, 2023, with no language or time restrictions. RESULTS: A total of 84,462 studies were examined, of which 6 were included in the meta-analysis. Data from 20,188 critical care patients included in primary studies were analyzed. The meta-analysis found that bed bathing with wipes impregnated with 2% CHG reduced the risk of CLABSI by 48% compared to conventional bed bathing (risk ratio 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.37-0.73), and this is moderate-quality evidence. The reduction in length of stay in the intensive care unit and length of hospital stay as well as the risk of death were not significantly different between the study groups. Whether bed bathing with 2% CHG-impregnated wipes increases the occurrence of skin reactions is unclear. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis provides moderate-quality evidence that daily bathing with 2% CHG-impregnated wipes is safe and helps prevent CLABSI among adult intensive care unit patients.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objectives: this study aimed at estimating and comparing the reliability of temperature measurements obtained using a peripheral infrared temporal thermometer, a central cutaneous thermometer ("Zero-Heat-Flux Cutaneous thermometer") and an esophageal or nasopharyngeal thermometer among elective surgical patients in the intraoperative period. Method: a longitudinal study with repeated measures carried out by convenience sampling of 99 patients, aged at least 18 years old, undergoing elective abdominal cancer surgeries, with anesthesia lasting at least one hour, with each patient having their temperature measured by all three methods. Results: the intraclass correlation coefficient showed a low correlation between the measurements using the peripheral temporal thermometer and the central cutaneous (0.0324) and esophageal/nasopharyngeal (-0.138) thermometers. There was a high correlation (0.744) between the central thermometers evaluated. Conclusion: the data from the current study do not recommend using infrared temporal thermometers as a strategy for measuring the body temperature of patients undergoing anesthetic-surgical procedures. Central cutaneous thermometers and esophageal/nasopharyngeal thermometers are equivalent for detecting intraoperative hypothermia.

Objetivos: el objetivo de este estudio fue estimar y comparar la confiabilidad de mediciones de temperatura obtenidas por medio de un termómetro temporal infrarrojo periférico, un termómetro cutáneo central ("Termómetro cutáneo Zero-Heat-Flux ") y un termómetro esofágico o nasofaríngeo en pacientes sometidos a cirugías electivas durante el período intraoperatorio. Método: estudio longitudinal con mediciones repetidas llevado a cabo con una muestra por conveniencia de 99 pacientes, de al menos 18 años de edad, sometidos a cirugías electivas por cáncer abdominal, con anestesia de al menos una hora de duración, y midiendo la temperatura de cada paciente con los tres métodos. Resultados: el coeficiente de correlación intraclase indicó una correlación baja entre las mediciones realizadas con el termómetro temporal periférico y los termómetros cutáneo (0,0324) y esofágico/nasofaríngeo (-0,138) centrales. Se registró una correlación alta (0,744) entre los termómetros centrales evaluados. Conclusión: los datos del presente estudio no recomiendan utilizar termómetros temporales infrarrojos como estrategia para medir la temperatura corporal de pacientes sometidos a procedimientos anestésico-quirúrgicos. Los termómetros cutáneos centrales y los esofágicos/nasofaríngeos son equivalentes para detectar hipotermia intraoperatoria.

Objetivos: este estudo teve como objetivo estimar e comparar a confiabilidade das medições de temperatura obtidas com um termômetro temporal infravermelho periférico, um termômetro cutâneo central (" Zero-Heat-Flux ") e um termômetro esofágico ou nasofaríngeo entre pacientes cirúrgicos eletivos no período intraoperatório. Método: estudo longitudinal com medidas repetidas realizado por amostragem de conveniência de 99 pacientes, com 18 anos ou mais, submetidos a cirurgia eletiva de câncer abdominal, com duração de anestesia de pelo menos uma hora, com cada paciente tendo sua temperatura medida pelos três métodos. Resultados: o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse mostrou uma baixa correlação entre as medições usando o termômetro temporal periférico e os termômetros cutâneo central (0,0324) e esofágico/nasofaríngeo (-0,138). Houve uma alta correlação (0,744) entre os termômetros centrais avaliados. Conclusão: os dados do presente estudo não recomendam o uso de um termômetro infravermelho temporal como estratégia para medir a temperatura corporal de pacientes submetidos a procedimentos anestésico-cirúrgicos. O termômetro cutâneo central e o termômetro esofágico/nasofaríngeo são equivalentes para detectar hipotermia intraoperatória.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Abstract Objective: to evaluate nursing professionals and patient safety culture during the professional performance in the care of suspected or infected patients with COVID-19. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out with 90 professionals from critical care units of two teaching hospitals. An instrument for sociodemographic characterization and health conditions was used, in addition to the constructs "Nursing professional and patient safety" and the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Univariate analyzes were performed between the diagnosis of COVID-19 and the characteristics of Nursing professionals, applying Kendell's correlation between the constructs. Results: the COVID-19 diagnosis presented a significant statistical difference between nursing professionals that worked for more than six years at the critical care unit (p=0.020) and the items of the construct "Nursing professional and patient safety" regarding the doubts about how to remove the personal protective equipment (p=0.013) and safety flow (p=0,021). The dimensions 2 (p=0.003), 3 (p=0.009), 4 (p=0.013), 6 (p<0.001), and 9 (p=0.024) of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture were associated with the accomplishment of training. Conclusion: a higher professional nursing experience time was associated with non-infection by COVID-19. The perception of the safety culture of the patient was related to the accomplishment of training.

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a segurança dos profissionais de enfermagem e a cultura de segurança do paciente durante a atuação profissional no atendimento de pacientes suspeitos ou com COVID-19. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 90 profissionais de unidades críticas de dois hospitais-escola. Foi utilizado um instrumento para caracterização sociodemográfica e condições de saúde, além dos constructos "Segurança do profissional e do paciente" e Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Foram realizadas análises univariadas entre o diagnóstico de COVID-19 e as características dos profissionais, aplicando-se a correlação de Kendell entre os constructos. Resultados: o diagnóstico de COVID-19 apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os profissionais que trabalhavam há mais de seis anos na unidade (p=0,020) e os itens do constructo "Segurança do profissional e do paciente" referentes às dúvidas sobre como retirar o equipamento de proteção individual (p=0,013) e fluxo seguro (p=0,021). As dimensões 2 (p=0,003), 3 (p=0,009), 4 (p=0,013), 6 (p<0,001) e 9 (p=0,024) do Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture foram associadas à realização de treinamentos. Conclusão: maior tempo de experiência profissional do profissional de enfermagem esteve associado a não infecção por COVID-19. A percepção de cultura de segurança do paciente esteve relacionada à realização de treinamentos.

Resumen Objetivo: evaluar la seguridad de los profesionales de enfermería y la cultura de seguridad del paciente durante su actuación profesional en el cuidado de pacientes sospechosos o con COVID-19. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 90 profesionales de unidades críticas de dos hospitales universitarios. Se utilizó un instrumento de caracterización sociodemográfica y de condiciones de salud, además de los constructos "Seguridad del profesional y del paciente" y Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Se realizaron análisis univariados entre el diagnóstico de COVID-19 y las características de los profesionales y se aplicó la correlación de Kendell entre los constructos. Resultados: el diagnóstico de COVID-19 mostró diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los profesionales que actuaron por más de seis años en la unidad (p=0,020) y los ítems del constructo "Seguridad del profesional y del paciente" referentes a dudas sobre cómo retirar el Equipo de Protección Personal (p=0,013) y flujo seguro (p=0,021). Las dimensiones 2 (p=0,003), 3 (p=0,009), 4 (p=0,013), 6 (p<0,001) y 9 (p=0,024) del Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture se asociaron a la realización de formación. Conclusión: mayor tiempo de experiencia profesional de enfermería se asoció con la no infección por COVID-19. La percepción de la cultura de seguridad del paciente se relacionó con la realización de entrenamiento.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Introdução: O residente de enfermagem está exposto a estresses e desgastes que impactam em sua qualidade de vida profissional. Nesse sentido, as práticas integrativas e complementares de saúde podem contribuir para promover o bem-estar físico, mental e espiritual. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito da terapia floral nos componentes da qualidade de vida profissional (fadiga por compaixão - Burnout e Estresse Traumático Secundário - e satisfação por compaixão) em residentes de enfermagem no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Metodologia: Estudo piloto quase-experimental do tipo antes e depois, com 16 enfermeiros residentes de hospitais de ensino, que responderam um questionário sociodemográfico e uma escala Professional Quality of Life Scale 4 (ProQOL-4), e utilizaram a fórmula emergencial associada ao Walnut dos Florais de Bach (FiveW) por três semanas com follow up após três semanas. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente e o efeito da intervenção pelo teste t-Student e pelo modelo de efeitos mistos, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A terapia floral auxiliou na redução do escore da subescala Estresse Traumático Secundário do ProQOL-4 (p=0,017), com efeito residual após o follow up. Houve interação do ano da residência e especialidade do programa nas subescalas Satisfação por Compaixão e Burnout; e área de especialização da residência e adoecimento de pessoa próxima por COVID-19 no Estresse Traumático Secundário e Burnout (p<0,05). Conclusão: A fórmula floral FiveW mostrou redução dos escores do Estresse Traumático Secundário, evidenciando que a terapia floral pode contribuir como estratégia complementar para melhora da qualidade de vida profissional.

Introducción: La persona residente de enfermería está expuesta a situaciones estresantes que impactan en su calidad de vida profesional. En ese sentido, las prácticas de salud integradoras y complementarias pueden contribuir a promover el bienestar físico, mental y espiritual. Objetivo: Verificar el efecto de la terapia con esencias florales sobre los componentes de la calidad de vida profesional (fatiga por compasión -burnout y estrés traumático secundario- y satisfacción por compasión) en población residente de enfermería en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19. Metodología: Estudio piloto cuasiexperimental antes y después de un solo grupo, con 16 personas enfermeras residentes de hospitales universitarios, que respondieron un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la Escala de Calidad de Vida Profesional 4 (ProQOL-4). Además, utilizaron la fórmula de emergencia asociada al Walnut de los remedios florales de Bach (FiveW), durante tres semanas, con un seguimiento de tres semanas. Los datos fueron analizados descriptivamente y el efecto de la intervención por la prueba t-Student pareada y por el modelo de efectos mixtos, con un nivel de significación del 5 %. Resultados: La terapia floral ayudó a reducir la puntuación de la subescala de Estrés Traumático Secundario del ProQOL-4 (p=0.017) con un efecto residual después del seguimiento. Hubo interacción entre el año de residencia y la especialidad del programa en las subescalas Satisfacción por Compasión y Burnout, así como entre especialidad del programa y enfermedad por COVID-19 de una persona allegada en Estrés Traumático Secundario y Burnout (p<0.05). Conclusión: La fórmula floral FiveW mostró reducción en las puntuaciones de estrés traumático secundario, lo que demuestra que la terapia floral puede contribuir como un manejo complementario para mejorar la calidad de vida profesional.

Introduction: The nursing resident is exposed to stressful situations that impact the quality of their professional life. Integrative and complementary health practices can contribute to promoting physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. Objective: To evaluate the effect of flower essence therapy on the aspects of the professional quality of life (compassion fatigue - burnout and secondary traumatic stress - and compassion satisfaction) of nursing residents in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Quasi-experimental pilot before and after study with 16 resident nurses from teaching hospitals, who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Professional Quality of Life Scale 4 (ProQOL-4). The emergency formula associated with Walnut of the Bach Flower Remedies (FiveW) was used for three weeks with a three-week follow-up. Data were analyzed descriptively. The effect of the intervention was evaluated by the paired Student's t-test and by the mixed effects model, with a significance level of 5%. Results: Floral therapy reduced the score of the Secondary Traumatic Stress subscale of ProQOL-4 (p=0.017) with a residual effect after the follow-up. There was interaction between the year of residency and the program specialty in the Satisfaction for Compassion and Burnout subscales; and also between the program specialty and the COVID-19 infection of a close person in the Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout subscales (p<0.05). Conclusion: The FiveW floral formula showed a reduction in Secondary Traumatic Stress scores, evidencing that floral therapy can contribute as a complementary strategy to improve the quality of professional life.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate nursing professionals and patient safety culture during the professional performance in the care of suspected or infected patients with COVID-19. METHOD: a cross-sectional study carried out with 90 professionals from critical care units of two teaching hospitals. An instrument for sociodemographic characterization and health conditions was used, in addition to the constructs "Nursing professional and patient safety" and the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Univariate analyzes were performed between the diagnosis of COVID-19 and the characteristics of Nursing professionals, applying Kendell's correlation between the constructs. RESULTS: the COVID-19 diagnosis presented a significant statistical difference between nursing professionals that worked for more than six years at the critical care unit (p=0.020) and the items of the construct "Nursing professional and patient safety" regarding the doubts about how to remove the personal protective equipment (p=0.013) and safety flow (p=0,021). The dimensions 2 (p=0.003), 3 (p=0.009), 4 (p=0.013), 6 (p<0.001), and 9 (p=0.024) of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture were associated with the accomplishment of training. CONCLUSION: a higher professional nursing experience time was associated with non-infection by COVID-19. The perception of the safety culture of the patient was related to the accomplishment of training.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objetivos: analisar a percepção de estudantes de enfermagem e enfermeiros quanto ao processo educativo de um curso de sala de recuperação pós-anestésica (SRPA) à distância durante a pandemia de COVID-19; avaliar o desempenho dos participantes no curso. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com amostra por conveniência de estudantes de enfermagem e enfermeiros, de outubro a novembro de 2020, com 73 participantes de um curso de atualização sobre SRPA. A avaliação foi realizada por questionário eletrônico validado, mensurando experiências com educação a distância e necessidades de conhecimento relacionadas à SRPA, com análise de desempenho no pré e pós-teste das aulas do curso. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e modelo de efeitos mistos, com nível de significância estatística de 5%. Resultados: Dos 73 participantes, 65 eram enfermeiros e oito, estudantes de enfermagem, sendo que 26 (35,6%) preferiram o formato a distância para um curso de atualização. Ocorreu aumento de pontuação significativo (p<0,001) em todos os testes das aulas ministradas, com pontuação média no pré-teste de 48,97 (DP=12,3) e 80 (DP=9,8) no pós-teste. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se a melhora autopercebida do conhecimento dos participantes durante o curso EaD sobre SRPA, sobretudo, daqueles que não tinham especialização na área.(AU)

Objectives: to analyze nursing students' and nurses' perceptions of the educational process of a Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) course in distance format during the COVID-19 pandemic; to evaluate participants' performance in the proposed course. Methods: Cross-sectional study, with convenience sample of nursing students and nurses, from October to November 2020, included 73 participants of a refresher course on PACU. The evaluation was performed by a validated electronic questionnaire, which assessed previous experiences with distance education and knowledge needs related to PACU with analysis of performance in the pre- and post-test of the classes of the course. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and mixed effects model, with a statistical significance level of 5%. Results: Of the 73 participants, 65 were nurses and eight, nursing students, with 26 (35.6%) preferring the distance format for a refresher course. Significant (p<0.001) score increases were observed in all tests for the lectures given, with an overall mean score on the pre-test of 48.97 (SD=12.3) and 80 (SD=9.8) on the post-test. Conclusion: Self-perceived improvement in the participants' knowledge during the DE course on PACU was evidenced, especially in those who did not have specialization in the area.(AU)

Objetivos: analizar la percepción de los estudiantes de enfermería y de las enfermeras sobre el proceso educativo de un curso sobre la unidad de recuperación posanestésica (URPA) en formato de aprendizaje a distancia durante la pandemia de COVID-19; evaluar el rendimiento de los participantes en el curso propuesto. Métodos: Estudio transversal, con amuestra por conveniencia de estudiantes de enfermería y enfermeros, de octubre a noviembre de 2020, con 73 participantes de un curso de actualización sobre URPA. La evaluación se realizó mediante un cuestionario electrónico validado, en el que se evaluaron las experiencias previas con la educación a distancia y las necesidades de conocimiento relacionadas con la URPA, con el análisis del rendimiento en el pre y el post- test de las clases del curso. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadísticas descriptivas y un modelo de efectos mixtos, con un nivel de significación estadística del 5%. Resultados: De los 73 participantes, 65 eran enfermeras y ocho, estudiantes de enfermería, 26 (35,6%) prefirieron el formato a distancia para un curso de actualización. Se observó un aumento significativo de la puntuación (p<0,001) en todas las pruebas de las clases impartidas, con una puntuación media global en el pretest de 48,97 (SD=12,3) y 80 (SD=9,8) en el post-test. Conclusión: Se evidenció la mejora autopercibida del conocimiento de los participantes durante el curso EaD sobre SRPA, sobre todo, de aquellos que no tienen especialización en el área.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Abstract Objective: To compare the effectiveness of aromatherapy with lavender essential oil (EO) versus an EO synergy on psycho-emotional symptoms and fatigue of nursing professionals in the COVID-19 setting. Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental pilot study conducted in 2020. The professionals were randomized in Group 1 - lavender, and in Group 2 - lavender and other EOs synergy. The instruments were validated in Brazil, namely the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and the Fatigue Pictogram, which were applied at three moments: before the intervention, after 21 days of intervention, and three weeks after the end of the intervention follow-up. The data were evaluated using Pearson's x2 test or Fisher's exact test (dichotomous variables) and Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney test (continuous variables). Results: A total of 18 professionals participated, and both groups presented improved SRQ-20 scores (p < 0.010), which was maintained in the follow-up for Group 1 compared to the pre-intervention moment (p = 0.033). There was a significant decrease in fatigue in professionals in both groups (p = 0.010), but no difference was observed in the improvement of the impact of fatigue on daily life. Conclusions: There was a reduction in psycho-emotional symptoms and fatigue in nursing professionals who used aromatherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic in both groups.

Resumen Objetivo: comparar la efectividad de la aromaterapia con aceite esencial (AE) de lavanda versus una sinergia de AE en síntomas psicoemocionales y fadiga de profesionales de enfermería en el marco de la pandemia ocasionada por la covid-19. Materiales y método: estudio piloto casi-experimental realizado en 2020. Se hizo randomización de los profesionales en Grupo 1 - lavanda y Grupo 2 - sinergia lavanda y otros AE. Instrumentos validados en Brasil, Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) y Pictograma de Fadiga, se aplicaron en tres momentos: antes de la intervención, luego de 21 días de intervención y tres semanas tras el término de la intervención follow-up. Se evaluaron los datos por la prueba x2 de Pearson o prueba exacta de Fisher (variables dicotómicas) y por la prueba t de Student o Mann-Whitney (variables continuas). Resultados: participaron 18 profesionales y ambos grupos mostraron mejores puntuaciones del SRQ-20 (p < 0,010), que se mantuvo en el follow-up para el Grupo 1, comparado al momento preintervención (p = 0,033). Hubo disminución significativa de la fadiga de los profesionales en los dos grupos (p = 0,010), pero no se observó diferencia en la mejoría del impacto de la fadiga en la vida diaria. Conclusiones: hubo reducción en los síntomas psicoemocionales y la fadiga de profesionales de enfermería que emplearon aromaterapia durante la pandemia de la covid-19 en ambos grupos.

Resumo Objetivo: comparar a efetividade da aromaterapia com óleo essencial (OE) de lavanda versus uma sinergia de OE em sintomas psicoemocionais e fadiga de profissionais de enfermagem no contexto da covid-19. Materiais e método: estudo-piloto quase-experimental realizado em 2020. Os profissionais foram randomizados em Grupo 1 - lavanda e Grupo 2 - sinergia lavanda e outros OE. Instrumentos validados no Brasil, Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) e Pictograma de Fadiga, foram aplicados em três momentos: antes da intervenção, após 21 dias de intervenção e três semanas após o fim da intervenção follow-up. Os dados foram avaliados pelo teste x2 de Pearson ou teste exato de Fisher (variáveis dicotômicas) e pelo teste t de Student ou Mann-Whitney (variáveis contínuas). Resultados: participaram 18 profissionais e ambos os grupos mostraram melhora nos escores do SRQ-20 (p < 0,010), que se manteve no follow-up para o Grupo 1, comparado ao momento pré-intervenção (p = 0,033). Houve diminuição significativa da fadiga dos profissionais nos dois grupos (p = 0,010), porém não se observou diferença na melhora do impacto da fadiga na vida diária. Conclusões: houve redução nos sintomas psicoemocionais e na fadiga de profissionais de enfermagem que utilizaram aromaterapia durante a pandemia da covid-19 em ambos os grupos.

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: to summarize historical aspects related to perioperative nursing education in Brazil and to outline future perspectives. METHODS: a descriptive-reflexive essay about the historical process of Brazilian perioperative teaching at undergraduate and graduate levels. RESULTS: the reflection addresses the historical axes of perioperative nursing, teaching perioperative nursing, curriculum changes, graduate studies and relationship with the perioperative period and trends in perioperative nursing education. Curriculum changes reduced time available for teaching and learning, with a focus on the perioperative period, and diluted contents of surgical nursing in other subjects, which could cause irreversible losses for generalist nurses' training. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: when reviewing historical aspects of national nursing curricula, it was found that the nomenclature perioperative nursing was never used in the curriculum, however, the surgical area has always been contemplated in undergraduate and graduate studies. Future trends indicate the need to integrate themes and prepare professionals with perspectives focused on global health and technology.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) measures, including the proper use of protective personal equipment (PPE), in health care is complex and is influenced by many factors. Isolated interventions do not have the potential to achieve optimal PPE adherence and appropriate provision, leading to incomplete PPE implementation. OBJECTIVE: To map PPE implementation in health care with a focus on its barriers and facilitators. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted across 14 electronic databases using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. RESULTS: Seventy-four papers were included in the review. Findings were analyzed and synthesized into categories to match the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains. The content was then synthesized into barriers for PPE implementation and interventions to address them. The main barriers were discomfort in clinical work; shortage, supply and logistics problems; inadequacies in facilities infrastructure, weakness in policies and communication procedures; and health workers' (HW) psychological issues and lack of preparedness. Implementation interventions reported were related to HW wellbeing assurance; work reorganization; IPC protocols; adoption of strategies to improve communication and HW training; and adoption of structural and organizational changes to improve PPE adherence. CONCLUSIONS: PPE implementation, which is critical IPC programs, involves multilevel transdisciplinary complexity. It relies on the development of context-driven implementation strategies to inform and harmonize IPC policy in collaboration with local and international health bodies.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Teleconsultation can be classified as an advanced practice nursing that requires nurses' clinical reasoning based on a consistent theoretical framework to use in the nursing process. Our study conducted a theoretical-reflective analysis, based on Callista Roy's Adaptation Model of Nursing and Chick-Meleis' Transition Theory, about the contribution of teleconsultation as an advanced practice nursing in the care of older adults with chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. We reflect on this in two moments: "nursing theories and dealing with COVID-19" and "ways of adapting to new care models and advanced practice nursing," based on communication and information technologies. The worsening of the pandemic in Brazil changed life cycles, health/disease and organizational processes, demanding the development of an adaptive-transactional state by users and health care providers. Thus, information and communication technologies combined with advanced practice nursing can relieve social distancing and its repercussions on health care.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To identify the validated instruments used for screening and detecting postoperative delirium (POD) during Post Anesthesia Recovery (PAR) period, and the incidence and associated risk factors with POD. DESIGN: A scoping review. METHODS: The study search occurred in May 2021 in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science and LILACS databases. Primary studies that used validated instruments for screening and detecting POD in the PAR period were included. FINDINGS: A total of 38 articles were included. The most used instruments were CAM-ICU, Nu-DESC, and RASS. The instruments that screened and detected delirium earliest were the Nu-DESC and CAM-ICU. POD incidence was up to 20% in more than half of the included studies. Cardiovascular comorbidities, chronic kidney disease, low functional reserve, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and postoperative pain were among the primary risk factors. CONCLUSION: The instrumentsshowing the greatest accuracy for screening and detecting POD in the PAR period were the Nu-DESC and CAM-ICU.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT Objectives: to summarize historical aspects related to perioperative nursing education in Brazil and to outline future perspectives. Methods: a descriptive-reflexive essay about the historical process of Brazilian perioperative teaching at undergraduate and graduate levels. Results: the reflection addresses the historical axes of perioperative nursing, teaching perioperative nursing, curriculum changes, graduate studies and relationship with the perioperative period and trends in perioperative nursing education. Curriculum changes reduced time available for teaching and learning, with a focus on the perioperative period, and diluted contents of surgical nursing in other subjects, which could cause irreversible losses for generalist nurses' training. Final Considerations: when reviewing historical aspects of national nursing curricula, it was found that the nomenclature perioperative nursing was never used in the curriculum, however, the surgical area has always been contemplated in undergraduate and graduate studies. Future trends indicate the need to integrate themes and prepare professionals with perspectives focused on global health and technology.

RESUMEN Objetivos: resumir aspectos históricos relacionados con la educación en enfermería perioperatoria en Brasil y esbozar perspectivas futuras. Métodos: se trata de un ensayo descriptivo-reflexivo sobre el proceso histórico de la enseñanza perioperatoria brasileña a nivel de pregrado y posgrado. Los cambios curriculares redujeron el tiempo disponible para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje, con foco en el período perioperatorio, y diluyeron los contenidos de enfermería quirúrgica en otras disciplinas, lo que podría ocasionar pérdidas irreversibles para la formación de enfermeros generalistas. Resultados: la reflexión aborda los ejes históricos de la enfermería perioperatoria, la enseñanza de enfermería perioperatoria, los cambios curriculares, los estudios de posgrado y la relación con el período perioperatorio y las tendencias en la formación de enfermería perioperatoria. Consideraciones Finales: al revisar aspectos históricos de los currículos nacionales de enfermería, se encontró que la nomenclatura enfermería perioperatoria nunca fue utilizada en los currículos, sin embargo, el área quirúrgica siempre ha sido contemplada en los estudios de grado y posgrado. Las tendencias futuras indican la necesidad de integrar temas y preparar profesionales con perspectivas centradas en la salud global y la tecnología.

RESUMO Objetivos: sumarizar aspectos históricos relacionados ao ensino de enfermagem perioperatória no Brasil e traçar perspectivas futuras. Métodos: trata-se de um ensaio descritivo-reflexivo acerca do processo histórico do ensino perioperatório brasileiro no âmbito da graduação e pós-graduação. Resultados: a reflexão aborda os eixos histórico da enfermagem perioperatória, ensino da enfermagem perioperatória, mudanças curriculares, pós-graduação e relação com o perioperatório e tendências do ensino de enfermagem perioperatória. Alterações curriculares reduziram o tempo disponível de ensino-aprendizagem, com enfoque no perioperatório, e diluíram os conteúdos de enfermagem cirúrgica em outras disciplinas, podendo causar perdas irreversíveis para a formação de enfermeiros generalistas. Considerações Finais: ao rever aspectos históricos dos currículos nacionais da enfermagem, constatou-se que a nomenclatura enfermagem perioperatória nunca foi utilizada nos currículos, contudo a área cirúrgica sempre foi contemplada na graduação e pós-graduação. Tendências futuras assinalam a necessidade de integrar temáticas e preparar profissionais com perspectivas direcionadas à saúde mundial e tecnologia.

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT Teleconsultation can be classified as an advanced practice nursing that requires nurses' clinical reasoning based on a consistent theoretical framework to use in the nursing process. Our study conducted a theoretical-reflective analysis, based on Callista Roy's Adaptation Model of Nursing and Chick-Meleis' Transition Theory, about the contribution of teleconsultation as an advanced practice nursing in the care of older adults with chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. We reflect on this in two moments: "nursing theories and dealing with COVID-19" and "ways of adapting to new care models and advanced practice nursing," based on communication and information technologies. The worsening of the pandemic in Brazil changed life cycles, health/disease and organizational processes, demanding the development of an adaptive-transactional state by users and health care providers. Thus, information and communication technologies combined with advanced practice nursing can relieve social distancing and its repercussions on health care.

RESUMEN La teleconsulta es una herramienta de la enfermería de práctica avanzada que requiere un razonamiento clínico de los profesionales de enfermería basado en un marco teórico consistente para aplicarse en el proceso de enfermería. Este estudio realizó un análisis teórico-reflexivo, basado en el Modelo de Adaptación de Callista Roy y en la Teoría de las Transiciones de Chick-Meleis, sobre el aporte de la teleconsulta como herramienta de la enfermería de práctica avanzada a la atención de pacientes adultos mayores y de aquellos con enfermedades crónicas en el contexto de la pandemia del Covid-19. La reflexión se presenta en dos momentos: "teorías de enfermería y enfrentamiento al Covid-19" y "modos de adaptación a los nuevos modelos de asistencia y las prácticas avanzadas en enfermería", fundamentados en las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. El avance de la pandemia en Brasil trajo cambios relacionados con los ciclos de vida, los procesos de salud/enfermedad y procesos organizacionales, que requirieron el desarrollo de un estado adaptativo-transaccional por parte de los usuarios y los profesionales de la salud. En este contexto, las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, sumadas a la enfermería de práctica avanzada, jugaron un papel clave para mitigar el distanciamiento social y sus repercusiones en la asistencia sanitaria.

RESUMO A teleconsulta pode ser definida como uma prática avançada de enfermagem que requer do enfermeiro raciocínio clínico fundamentado em um arcabouço teórico consistente para aplicação no processo de enfermagem. No presente estudo, realizou-se uma análise teórico-reflexiva, fundamentada no Modelo de Adaptação de Callista Roy e na Teoria de Transição de Chick-Meleis, sobre a contribuição da teleconsulta como prática avançada de enfermagem no atendimento a pacientes idosos e com doenças crônicas no contexto da pandemia de covid-19. A reflexão é apresentada em dois momentos: "teorias de enfermagem e o enfrentamento da covid-19" e "formas de adaptação a novos modelos de assistência e as práticas avançadas em enfermagem", norteados pelas tecnologias de comunicação e informação. O agravamento da pandemia no Brasil trouxe mudanças relacionadas aos ciclos de vida, aos processos saúde/doença e organizacionais, demandando o desenvolvimento de um estado adaptativo-transacional por parte dos usuários e profissionais de saúde. Neste contexto, as tecnologias da informação e comunicação aliadas à prática avançada de enfermagem representam papel fundamental para atenuar o distanciamento social e suas repercussões na assistência à saúde.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial action of three soaps for hand hygiene (HH): 2.0% Tea Tree Oil (TTO); 0.5% triclosan; 2.0% chlorhexidine, and to explore the perception of healthcare professionals about TTO. Two-step study: a quantitative, to determine the logarithmic reduction of Escherichia coli K12 colony-forming units before and after HH of 15 volunteers and quali-quantitative, through interviews with 23 health professionals. All the three products demonstrated antimicrobial action (a log10 reduction factor of 4.18 for TTO, 4.31 for triclosan, 3.89 for chlorhexidine, and 3.17 for reference soap). Professionals remarked the pleasant aroma and non-dryness of skin when using soap containing TTO.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Considering the new SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the potential scarcity of material resources, the reuse of personal protective equipment such as filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) for N95 filtering or higher is being discussed, mainly regarding the effectiveness and safety of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization processes. AIM: To analyze the available evidence in the literature on the safety in processing FFRs. METHODS: A systematic review conducted by searching for studies in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, CENTRAL, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus. RESULTS: Forty studies were included in this review. The disinfectant/sterilizing agents most frequently tested at different concentrations and exposure periods were ultraviolet irradiation, vaporized hydrogen peroxide and steam sterilization. Microbial reduction was assessed in 21 (52.5%) studies. The only disinfectants/sterilizers that did not caused degradation of the material-integrity were alcohol, electric cooker, ethylene oxide, and peracetic acid fogging. Exposure to ultraviolet irradiation or microwave generated-steam resulted in a nonsignificant reduction in filter performance. CONCLUSION: There is a complex relationship between the FFR raw materials and the cycle conditions of the decontamination methods, evidencing the need for validating FFRs by models and manufacturers, as well as the process. Some methods may require additional tests to demonstrate the safety of FFRs for use due to toxicity.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To verify if a Massage (Anma technique) followed by rest or Reiki helps to reduce stress levels and improve the quality of life of individuals seen in an outpatient clinic of integrative practices. METHOD: A randomized controlled clinical trial conducted with 122 individuals randomized into three groups: G1 - Massage followed by rest; G2 - Massage followed by Reiki; and G3 - control (no intervention). Stress and Quality of Life levels were measured using the LSS and SF-12v2 instruments, which were applied before and after the intervention. RESULTS: The study was conducted with 101 participants. Massages followed by rest (G1) or Reiki (G2) proved to be effective in reducing stress levels and improving quality of life when compared to the Control Group (G3). The best results obtained by the group which received Massage followed by Reiki (G2) were observed in the mental domain of quality of life, emphasizing the scope of Reiki effects on mental and psychological aspects. CONCLUSION: Massage followed by rest and Massage followed by Reiki application were effective in reducing stress levels and improving quality of life. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-42c8wp.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar se a Massagem (técnica Anmá) seguida de repouso ou Reiki auxilia na redução dos níveis de estresse e na melhoria da qualidade de vida de indivíduos atendidos em um ambulatório de práticas integrativas. Método Ensaio clínico controlado randomizado conduzido com 122 indivíduos randomizados em três grupos: G1 - Massagem seguida de repouso, G2 - Massagem seguida de Reiki e G3 - controle (sem intervenção). Os níveis de estresse e Qualidade de Vida foram mensurados por meio dos instrumentos LSS e SF-12v2, os quais foram aplicados antes e após intervenção. Resultados Finalizou-se o estudo com 101 participantes. As Massagens seguidas de repouso (G1) ou de Reiki (G2) se mostraram efetivas na redução dos níveis de estresse e melhoria de qualidade de vida quando comparadas ao Grupo Controle (G3). Os melhores resultados obtidos pelo grupo que recebeu Massagem seguida de Reiki (G2) foram observados no domínio mental de qualidade de vida, enfatizando a abrangência dos efeitos do Reiki sobre os aspectos mentais e psicológicos. Conclusão A Massagem seguida de repouso e a Massagem seguida pela aplicação de Reiki se mostraram efetivas na redução dos níveis de estresse e melhoria de qualidade de vida. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos: RBR-42c8wp.

RESUMEN Objetivo Verificar si el Masaje (técnica ANMA) seguido de reposo o Reiki auxilia en la reducción de los niveles de estrés y en la mejora de la cualidad de vida de individuos atendidos en un ambulatorio de prácticas integrativas. Método Ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado conducido con 122 individuos aleatorizado en tres grupos: G1 - Masaje seguida de reposo, G2 - Masaje seguida de Reiki y G3 - control (sin intervención). Los niveles de estrés y Cualidad de Vida fueron mensurados través de los instrumentos LSS y SF-12v2, para los cuales fue aplicada intervención dantes y después. Resultados Finalizó se el estudio con 101 participantes. Las Masajes seguidas de reposo (G1) o de Reiki (G2) se mostrarán efectivas en la reducción de los niveles del estrés y mejora de la cualidad de vida cuando comparadas al Grupo Control (G3). Los mejores resultados obtenidos por el grupo que recibió Masaje seguida de Reiki (G2) fueran observados en los dominios mentales de cualidad de vida, enfatizando el alcance de los efectos del Reiki sobre los aspectos mentales y psicológicos. Conclusión La Masaje seguida del reposo y la Masaje seguida de la aplicación del Reiki mostraran se efectivas en la reducción de los niveles de estrés y mejora de la cualidad de vida. Registro Brasileño de Ensayos Clínicos: RBR-42c8wp.

ABSTRACT Objective To verify if a Massage (Anma technique) followed by rest or Reiki helps to reduce stress levels and improve the quality of life of individuals seen in an outpatient clinic of integrative practices. Method A randomized controlled clinical trial conducted with 122 individuals randomized into three groups: G1 - Massage followed by rest; G2 - Massage followed by Reiki; and G3 - control (no intervention). Stress and Quality of Life levels were measured using the LSS and SF-12v2 instruments, which were applied before and after the intervention. Results The study was conducted with 101 participants. Massages followed by rest (G1) or Reiki (G2) proved to be effective in reducing stress levels and improving quality of life when compared to the Control Group (G3). The best results obtained by the group which received Massage followed by Reiki (G2) were observed in the mental domain of quality of life, emphasizing the scope of Reiki effects on mental and psychological aspects. Conclusion Massage followed by rest and Massage followed by Reiki application were effective in reducing stress levels and improving quality of life. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-42c8wp.

Asunto(s)