RESUMEN
Cervical cancer is a major source of illness and death among women worldwide and genital infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) its principal cause. There is evidence of the influence of the male factor in the development of cervical neoplasia. Nevertheless, the pathogenic processes of HPV in men are still poorly understood. It has been observed that different HPV types can be found among couples. The objective of the present study was to investigate HPV infections in female patients (n = 60 females/group) as well as in their sexual partners and to identify the concordance of HPV genotypes among them. By using the polymerase chain reaction, we detected a 95% prevalence of HPV DNA in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) compared to 18.3% in women with normal cervical epithelium, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). The HPV DNA prevalence was 50% in male partners of women with CIN and 16.6% in partners of healthy women. In the control group (healthy women), only 9 couples were simultaneously infected with HPV, and only 22.2% of them had the same virus type, showing a weak agreement rate (kappa index = 0.2). Finally, we observed that HPV DNA was present in both partners in 30 couples if the women had CIN, and among them, 53.3% shared the same HPV type, showing moderate agreement, with a kappa index of 0.5. This finding supports the idea of circulation and recirculation of HPV among couples, perpetuating HPV in the sexually active population, rather than true recurrences of latent infections.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/epidemiología , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Parejas Sexuales , Brasil/epidemiología , Colposcopía , Estudios Transversales , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/virología , Genotipo , Pruebas de ADN del Papillomavirus Humano , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , Prevalencia , Papillomaviridae/clasificación , Pene/virología , Factores Sexuales , Enfermedades Virales de Transmisión Sexual/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Cervical cancer is a major source of illness and death among women worldwide and genital infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) its principal cause. There is evidence of the influence of the male factor in the development of cervical neoplasia. Nevertheless, the pathogenic processes of HPV in men are still poorly understood. It has been observed that different HPV types can be found among couples. The objective of the present study was to investigate HPV infections in female patients (n = 60 females/group) as well as in their sexual partners and to identify the concordance of HPV genotypes among them. By using the polymerase chain reaction, we detected a 95% prevalence of HPV DNA in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) compared to 18.3% in women with normal cervical epithelium, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). The HPV DNA prevalence was 50% in male partners of women with CIN and 16.6% in partners of healthy women. In the control group (healthy women), only 9 couples were simultaneously infected with HPV, and only 22.2% of them had the same virus type, showing a weak agreement rate (kappa index = 0.2). Finally, we observed that HPV DNA was present in both partners in 30 couples if the women had CIN, and among them, 53.3% shared the same HPV type, showing moderate agreement, with a kappa index of 0.5. This finding supports the idea of circulation and recirculation of HPV among couples, perpetuating HPV in the sexually active population, rather than true recurrences of latent infections.
Asunto(s)
Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Parejas Sexuales , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiología , Colposcopía , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Genotipo , Pruebas de ADN del Papillomavirus Humano , Humanos , Masculino , Papillomaviridae/clasificación , Pene/virología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , Prevalencia , Factores Sexuales , Enfermedades Virales de Transmisión Sexual/epidemiología , Adulto Joven , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/virologíaRESUMEN
Esophageal cancer is a prevalent cancer worldwide. Some studies have reported the possible etiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) in benign and malignant papillomas of the esophagus but the conclusions are controversial. In the present study, we investigated an esophageal papilloma from a 30-year-old male patient presenting aphasia. HPV DNA was detected by generic PCR using MY09/11 primers, and restriction fragment length polymorphism revealed the presence of HPV54, usually associated with benign genital lesions. Hypermethylation of the pINK4A gene was also investigated due to its relation to malignant transformation, but no modification was detected in the host gene. Except for an incipient reflux, no risk factors such as cigarette smoking, alcohol abuse or an infected sexual partner were recorded. Since esophageal lesions may have a malignant potential, HPV detection and typing are useful tools for patient follow-up.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Metilación de ADN/genética , ADN Viral/genética , Neoplasias Esofágicas/virología , Papiloma/virología , Papillomaviridae/genética , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , Papiloma/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/diagnósticoRESUMEN
Esophageal cancer is a prevalent cancer worldwide. Some studies have reported the possible etiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) in benign and malignant papillomas of the esophagus but the conclusions are controversial. In the present study, we investigated an esophageal papilloma from a 30-year-old male patient presenting aphasia. HPV DNA was detected by generic PCR using MY09/11 primers, and restriction fragment length polymorphism revealed the presence of HPV54, usually associated with benign genital lesions. Hypermethylation of the pINK4A gene was also investigated due to its relation to malignant transformation, but no modification was detected in the host gene. Except for an incipient reflux, no risk factors such as cigarette smoking, alcohol abuse or an infected sexual partner were recorded. Since esophageal lesions may have a malignant potential, HPV detection and typing are useful tools for patient follow-up.
Asunto(s)
Metilación de ADN/genética , ADN Viral/genética , Neoplasias Esofágicas/virología , Genes p16 , Papiloma/virología , Papillomaviridae/genética , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Adulto , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Papiloma/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de RestricciónRESUMEN
The relationship between severe-grade cervical lesions and clusters of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in a taxonomic classification was surveyed in 232 women with previous abnormal cytology. HPV co-infections were clustered according to phylogenetic criteria. Multiple infections were detected in 22.0% of the entire sample. Clade A10 (represented by HPV-6 and HPV-11) appeared more frequently in multiple infections than clade A9, which was represented by five of the most common high-risk types, including HPV-16. Although HPV-16 was the most frequent genotype, it was not more prevalent in multiple infections. Abortion and two or more sexual partners were risk-factors associated with HPV co-infections. Severe cervical dysplasia was associated with co-infections with oncogenic types from different clades, with the association being significant for the high-risk clades A7 and A9.
Asunto(s)
Papillomaviridae/clasificación , Papillomaviridae/genética , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/patología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Enfermedades del Cuello del Útero/patología , Enfermedades del Cuello del Útero/virología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , ADN Viral/genética , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
We assess the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cofactors for cervical severe disease, as contribution for vaccine strategies at the right moment in which Brazilian health authorities have approved an anti-HPV vaccine. A case-control study was undertaken with 201 women who attended a public health service with previous abnormal cytology. The HPV status was ascertained by consensus primers My09/11 and typed by 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, and 58 specific primers. Patients diagnosed with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and cervical cancer were referred as cases (n = 84). Patients with normal/inflammatory cervix or carrying benign cervical lesions were included in controls (n = 117). The overall prevalence of HPV infection was 75.6%, with 91.7% among cases. In spite of HPV 16 being the most frequent type (53.3%), 27.6% of infections were attributed to nonvaccine types. High-risk HPV were strongly associated to older women (OR = 6.7). Otherwise, age at the first intercourse (OR = 7.10), three or more parities (OR = 3.05), abortion episodes (OR = 4.80), and smoking (OR = 3.83) conferred a heavy effect in younger women. Among mediators affecting the progress from HSIL to cancer, age played the main role in easing the progression (OR = 1.09, P = 0.002) followed by education level (OR = 4.20, P = 0.066). White ethnia showed to be a protective factor (OR = 0.32, P = 0.055). Predictors from HPV exposure to malignant disease include demographic and behavioral factors. Public policies such as improvement of education and continued prevention campaigns might contribute to reduce this picture. This work also gives background, in identifying a target population, for implementing future vaccine strategies.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/diagnóstico , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Prevalencia , Pronóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Conducta Sexual , Clase Social , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/etiología , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/etiologíaRESUMEN
There is considerable data to support a central role for human papillomavirus (HPV) in the etiology of cervical cancer. More than a 100 HPV types have been described, and 40 have been isolated from benign and malignant genital lesions. Consequently, there is strong motivation to evaluate HPV testing for cervical cancer screening. Few studies concerning the natural history of HPV infection have been conducted in the state of Rio de Janeiro. We determined the prevalence of HPV types in female genital lesions by using Hybrid Capture Assay (HCA) and we retrospectively analyzed the course of HPV infection. Our sample included 788 women attended at Laboratórios Sérgio Franco. The average age of the participants was 29.6 years. HPV prevalence and cytological diagnosis were determined. The overall prevalence of HPV DNA in the study group was 50.1 percent (395/788), ranging from 25 percent (NORMAL) to 100 percent in high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). High risk HPV was found in 12 percent inflammatory, 58.3 percent HPV, 63.2 percent LSIL and 100 percent HSIL. A retrospective analysis of 78 patients showed that 22 presented persistent lesions, 2 had progressive lesions, 4 had regressive lesions, 13 showed latent infections, 18 were transiently infected and 19 were submitted to curative treatment. No cases of cancer were registered in this population, which can afford private medical care and regular follow-up exams. We suggest that HCA be used in specific cases involving persistent and recurrent lesions.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/virología , Tamizaje Masivo , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/virología , Frotis Vaginal , Brasil/epidemiología , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/patología , Progresión de la Enfermedad , ADN Viral/aislamiento & purificación , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hibridación in Situ , Papillomaviridae/genética , Papillomaviridae/patogenicidad , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/patologíaRESUMEN
There is considerable data to support a central role for human papillomavirus (HPV) in the etiology of cervical cancer. More than a 100 HPV types have been described, and 40 have been isolated from benign and malignant genital lesions. Consequently, there is strong motivation to evaluate HPV testing for cervical cancer screening. Few studies concerning the natural history of HPV infection have been conducted in the state of Rio de Janeiro. We determined the prevalence of HPV types in female genital lesions by using Hybrid Capture Assay (HCA) and we retrospectively analyzed the course of HPV infection. Our sample included 788 women attended at Laboratórios Sérgio Franco. The average age of the participants was 29.6 years. HPV prevalence and cytological diagnosis were determined. The overall prevalence of HPV DNA in the study group was 50.1% (395/788), ranging from 25% (NORMAL) to 100% in high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). High risk HPV was found in 12% inflammatory, 58.3% HPV, 63.2% LSIL and 100% HSIL. A retrospective analysis of 78 patients showed that 22 presented persistent lesions, 2 had progressive lesions, 4 had regressive lesions, 13 showed latent infections, 18 were transiently infected and 19 were submitted to curative treatment. No cases of cancer were registered in this population, which can afford private medical care and regular follow-up exams. We suggest that HCA be used in specific cases involving persistent and recurrent lesions.
Asunto(s)
Tamizaje Masivo , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/virología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/virología , Frotis Vaginal , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , ADN Viral/aislamiento & purificación , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Hibridación in Situ , Persona de Mediana Edad , Papillomaviridae/genética , Papillomaviridae/patogenicidad , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/patología , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/patologíaRESUMEN
Estudando-se casos de infecçoes genitais associadas a papilomavírus em um hospital universitário, verificou-se que as patologias mais frequentes eram o condiloma acuminado e câncer epidermóide. Objetivo. Analisar a prevalência das lesoes genitais associadas a papilomavírus e distribuiçao por sexo, idade e cor. Métodos. Foram estudadas 223 pacientes atendidas no Hospital Universitário Antonio Pedro, estado do Rio de Janeiro, durante os anos de 1988 a 1992. Após diagnóstico clínico, biópsias das pacientes foram submetidas a análise histológica. Resultados. Os resultados mostraram que, entre as doenças do trato genital associadas a papilomavírus, o condiloma acuminado e o carcinoma epidermóide eram as mais frequentes. Os casos de carcinoma epidermóide mantiveram prevalência estável ao longo do período, enquanto que o número de casos condiloma acuminado aumentou de três para 33 por ano. As duas patologias foram mais frequentes em indivíduos de cor branca. Nao houve diferença significativa entre sexo e presença de condiloma. A média de idade para carcinoma epidermóide nao sofreu variaçao significativa no período estudado, enquanto decaiu para o condiloma acuminado nos períodos de 1988 para 1989 e de 1991 para 1992. Conclusao. As lesoes genitais associadas a papilomavírus aumentaram significativamente no período de cinco anos. Maior atençao deve ser dada as campanhas de controle de diagnóstico precoce.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Genitales Femeninos/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Genitales Masculinos/epidemiología , Papillomaviridae/patogenicidad , Condiloma Acuminado/etiología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/etiología , Enfermedades de los Genitales Femeninos/patología , Enfermedades de los Genitales Femeninos/virología , Enfermedades de los Genitales Masculinos/patologíaRESUMEN
A hundred-sixty paraffin-embedded specimens from female cervical lesions were examined for human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16 and 18 infections by non-isotopic in situ hybridization. The data were compared with histologic diagnosis. Eighty-eight (55) biopsies contained HPV DNA sequences. In low grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN I), HPV infection was detected in 78.7 of the cases, the benign HPV 6 was the most prevalent type. HPV DNA was detected in 58 of CIN II and CIN III cases and in 41.8 of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Histologically normal women presented 20 of HPV infection. Oncogenic HPV was found in 10 of these cases, what may indicate a higher risk of developing CINs and cancer. Twenty-five percent of the infected tissues contained mixed infections. HPV 16 was the most common type infecting the cervix and its prevalence raised significantly with the severity of the lesions, pointing its role in cancer pathogenesis. White women presented twice the cervical lesions of mulatto and African origin women, although HPV infection rates were nearly the same for the three groups (approximately 50). Our results showed that HPV typing by in situ hybridization is a useful tool for distinguishing between low and high risk cervical lesions. Further studies are required to elucidate risk factors associated with HPV infection and progression to malignancy in Brazilian population.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Displasia del Cuello del Útero , Infecciones Tumorales por Virus/virología , Papillomaviridae , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino , Brasil , Displasia del Cuello del Útero , Sondas de ADN de HPV , ADN Viral , Papillomaviridae , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Neoplasias del Cuello UterinoRESUMEN
Detection of papillomavirus DNA in sity hybridization technique was perfomed in 29 symptomatic patients (6 males and 23 females) during the period of 1989-1991 at the Clinic for Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Universidade Federal Fluminense, State of rio de Janeiro. All the male patients had condyloma acuminata. Only HPV 6/11 were found in these lesions. Clinical features inthe female patients included vulvar condyloma acuminata, bowenoid populosis, flat cervical condyloma, cervical condyloma acuminatum and cervical intraepithelialneoplasia grade II (CIN II). We also found cases of condyloma acuminata associated to vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia grade III (VIN III), as well as to vaginal invasive carcinoma. HPV 6/11 and 16/18 were found in vulvar condyloma acuminata. Mixed infection by 6/11-16/18 HPV were also seen in these lesions as well as in the patient who had cervical condyloma acuminatum. HPV 16/18 were found in the condyloma acuminatum plus VIN III and in the CIN II lesions. We have found HPV31/33/51 in the specimen of condyloma acuminatum plus invasive carcinoma. In order to investigate the ultrastructural aspects of HPV infection in genital tissue, the biopsies of three female patients were observed under electron microscope.Mature virus particles were found in the cells of a condyloma acuminatum as wellas in the condyloma acuminatum plus invasive carcinoma case. In another sample, chromosome breakages were found in the nuclei of the infected cells although no viral particles were observed