Assuntos
COVID-19/epidemiologia , Dermatologia/educação , Internato e Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Pandemias , Dermatologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Faculdades de Medicina , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Comunicação por VideoconferênciaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to know and analyze the nursing appeals on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: it is a documentary, qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory research with data collected in publications in two social media. Two hundred ninety-five publications of nursing professionals published on Twitter and Instagram between March 11 and 20, 2020 were submitted to content analysis using ATLAS.ti resources. RESULTS: four thematic categories emerged: #stayathome, #whereismyPPE, #nowweareheroes, #nothingnewinthefrontline, according to frequency of communications. The appeals show a relationship with the social relevance of nursing professional work and with the conditions required for its exercise. Final considerations: old and new challenges of the profession were placed on the agenda in social media, especially related to the workforce and instruments of labor. These speeches can serve as a foundation for policies to improve working conditions and promote appreciation of the profession.
Assuntos
Infecções por Coronavirus/enfermagem , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem/provisão & distribuição , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Seleção de Pessoal/métodos , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Pneumonia Viral/enfermagem , Mídias Sociais/estatística & dados numéricos , Recursos Humanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: to know and analyze the nursing appeals on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: it is a documentary, qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory research with data collected in publications in two social media. Two hundred ninety-five publications of nursing professionals published on Twitter and Instagram between March 11 and 20, 2020 were submitted to content analysis using ATLAS.ti resources. Results: four thematic categories emerged: #stayathome, #whereismyPPE, #nowweareheroes, #nothingnewinthefrontline, according to frequency of communications. The appeals show a relationship with the social relevance of nursing professional work and with the conditions required for its exercise. Final considerations: old and new challenges of the profession were placed on the agenda in social media, especially related to the workforce and instruments of labor. These speeches can serve as a foundation for policies to improve working conditions and promote appreciation of the profession.
RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer y analizar las llamadas de enfermería en las redes sociales durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: investigación documental, cualitativa, descriptiva y exploratoria, con datos recopilados en publicaciones en dos redes sociales, sometidos a análisis de contenido utilizando recursos del software ATLAS.ti. Se analizaron 295 publicaciones de profesionales de enfermería publicadas en Twitter e Instagram entre el 11 y el 20 de marzo de 2020. Resultados: fue organizado en cuatro categorías temáticas: #quédeseencasa, #dóndeestámiEPP, #ahorasomoshéroes, #nadanuevoenlalíneadefrente, según la frecuencia en las comunicaciones. Las apelaciones muestran una relación con la utilidad social del trabajo profesional y las condiciones requeridas para su ejercicio. Consideraciones finales: los viejos y nuevos desafíos de la profesión se colocaron en la agenda de las redes sociales, especialmente en relación con las herramientas de trabajo y la propia fuerza laboral. Estos discursos pueden servir de base para políticas que mejoren las condiciones de trabajo y promuevan la apreciación de la profesión.
RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer e analisar os apelos da Enfermagem nas mídias sociais durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Método: pesquisa documental, qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, com dados coletados em publicações em duas mídias sociais, submetidos à análise de conteúdo utilizando recursos do software ATLAS.ti. Foram analisadas 295 publicações de profissionais de enfermagem veiculadas no Twitter e no Instagram entre os dias 11 e 20 de março de 2020. Resultados: organizados em quatro categorias temáticas: #fiqueemcasa, #cadêmeuEPI, #agorasomosheróis, #nadadenovonofront, segundo frequência nas comunicações. Os apelos mostram relação com a utilidade social do trabalho profissional e com condições requeridas para seu exercício. Considerações finais: antigos e novos desafios da profissão foram colocados em pauta nas mídias sociais, especialmente relacionados aos instrumentos de trabalho e à própria força de trabalho. Esses discursos podem servir de alicerce para políticas de melhoria das condições trabalho e fomentar a valorização da profissão.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Seleção de Pessoal/métodos , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Pneumonia Viral/enfermagem , Infecções por Coronavirus , Recursos Humanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Mídias Sociais/estatística & dados numéricos , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem/provisão & distribuição , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Pandemias , Betacoronavirus , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
In recent decades, the number of women pursuing careers in health has significantly increased. However, the physician labor market is still characterized by gender differences regarding payment. Using a nationally representative Peruvian sample of health providers (3,219 male and 1,063 female physicians), we estimated the gender gap in the likelihood of earning high wages for physicians and decomposed this gap in a proportion related to differences in individual characteristics (e.g. specialty, labor experience), and a residual proportion related to differences in returns to these characteristics. Our main results reveal that male physicians have on average an 81% higher likelihood of earning high salaries (monthly earning level > 5,000 PEN) relative to their female counterparts. Further, the main proportion of this gap is associated to the unexplained component (among 57% and 77%, according to the model specification), which may be associated to unobservable characteristics and discrimination in the Peruvian labor market.
Assuntos
Seleção de Pessoal/economia , Médicos/economia , Salários e Benefícios/economia , Sexismo/economia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Peru , Médicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Salários e Benefícios/estatística & dados numéricos , Salários e Benefícios/tendências , Fatores Sexuais , Sexismo/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Mulheres Trabalhadoras/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Abstract: In recent decades, the number of women pursuing careers in health has significantly increased. However, the physician labor market is still characterized by gender differences regarding payment. Using a nationally representative Peruvian sample of health providers (3,219 male and 1,063 female physicians), we estimated the gender gap in the likelihood of earning high wages for physicians and decomposed this gap in a proportion related to differences in individual characteristics (e.g. specialty, labor experience), and a residual proportion related to differences in returns to these characteristics. Our main results reveal that male physicians have on average an 81% higher likelihood of earning high salaries (monthly earning level > 5,000 PEN) relative to their female counterparts. Further, the main proportion of this gap is associated to the unexplained component (among 57% and 77%, according to the model specification), which may be associated to unobservable characteristics and discrimination in the Peruvian labor market.
Resumen: En décadas recientes, el número de mujeres realizando su carrera en el ámbito de salud se ha incrementado significativamente. No obstante, el mercado laboral de los médicos está todavía caracterizado por diferencias de género respecto a los salarios. Utilizando una muestra peruana nacionalmente representativa de proveedores de salud (3.219 hombres y 1.063 mujeres médicos), estimamos la brecha de género en la probabilidad para los médicos de ganar sueldos altos y la desglosamos según los porcentajes vinculados a las diferencias relacionadas con las características individuales (p.ej. especialidad, experiencia laboral) y un porcentaje residual vinculado a las diferencias relacionadas con estas características. Nuestros resultados principales revelaron que los médicos hombres contaban en promedio con un 81% mayor probabilidad de ganar sueldos más altos (nivel mensual de renta > 5.000 PEN) frente a sus compañeras mujeres. Asimismo, gran parte del porcentaje de esta brecha está asociado a un componente inexplicable (entre un 57% y un 77%, según la especificación del modelo), lo que tal vez esté relacionado con las características no observables y la discriminación en el mercado laboral peruano.
Resumo: Nas últimas décadas, o número de mulheres atuando em carreiras da saúde aumentou significativamente. Contudo, o mercado de trabalho médico continua caracterizado por diferenças de gênero nos salários. Usando uma amostra nacional representativa de profissionais da saúde peruanos (3.219 médicos e 1.063 médicas), nós estimamos a diferença de gênero na probabilidade de receber altos salários para médicos e decompomos essa diferença em uma proporção relacionada a diferenças em características individuais (p.ex.: especialidade, experiência profissional) e uma proporção residual relacionada a diferenças de retornos dessas características. Nossos resultados principais revelam que os médicos têm, em média, uma probabilidade 81% maior de receber salários altos (nível de rendimentos mensais > 5.000 PEN) em relação às médicas. Adicionalmente, a principal proporção dessa diferença está associada ao componente não-explicado (entre 57% e 77%, de acordo com a especificação do modelo), o que pode estar associado a características não-observadas e discriminação no mercado de trabalho peruano.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Seleção de Pessoal/economia , Médicos/economia , Salários e Benefícios/economia , Sexismo/economia , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Peru , Médicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Salários e Benefícios/tendências , Salários e Benefícios/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Mulheres Trabalhadoras/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Sexuais , Estudos Transversais , Sexismo/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
The Portuguese Ministry of Health performed five international recruitment rounds of Latin American physicians due to the need for physicians in certain geographic areas of the country and in some specialties, as a temporary solution to shortages. Among these recruitments is that of Colombian physicians in 2011 that was the largest of the five groups. This paper presents an evaluation of the international recruitment procedure of Colombian physicians based on the criteria of procedural outcomes and health system outcomes. The methodology used is qualitative, based on semi-structured interviews with key informants and Colombian physicians recruited in Portugal and also on documentary analysis of secondary sources. International recruitment of Colombian physicians coincided with a period of political change and severe economic crisis in Portugal that caused some problems in the course of this recruitment, mainly family reunification in the later group of Colombian physicians and non-compliance of the salary originally agreed upon. Furthermore, due to the continuous resignations of Colombian physicians throughout the 3-year contract, procedural outcomes and health system outcomes of this international recruitment were not fulfilled and therefore the expected results to meet the temporary needs for medical personnel in some areas of the country were not accomplished.
Assuntos
Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Emigração e Imigração/estatística & dados numéricos , Seleção de Pessoal/organização & administração , Médicos/provisão & distribuição , Colômbia/etnologia , Família , Humanos , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Médicos de Família/provisão & distribuição , Portugal , Salários e BenefíciosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify common components of diversity pipeline programs across a national sample of nursing institutions and determine what effect these programs have on increasing underrepresented minority enrollment and graduation. DESIGN: Linked data from an electronic survey conducted November 2012 to March 2013 and American Association of Colleges of Nursing baccalaureate graduation and enrollment data (2008 and 2012). PARTICIPANTS: Academic and administrative staff of 164 nursing schools in 26 states, including Puerto Rico in the United States. METHODS: Chi-square statistics were used to (1) describe organizational features of nursing diversity pipeline programs and (2) determine significant trends in underrepresented minorities' graduation and enrollment between nursing schools with and without diversity pipeline programs RESULTS: Twenty percent (n = 33) of surveyed nursing schools reported a structured diversity pipeline program. The most frequent program measures associated with pipeline programs included mentorship, academic, and psychosocial support. Asian, Hispanic, and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander nursing student enrollment increased between 2008 and 2012. Hispanic/Latino graduation rates increased (7.9%-10.4%, p = .001), but they decreased among Black (6.8%-5.0%, p = .004) and Native American/Pacific Islander students (2.1 %-0.3%, p ≥ .001). CONCLUSIONS: Nursing diversity pipeline programs are associated with increases in nursing school enrollment and graduation for some, although not all, minority students. Future initiatives should build on current trends while creating targeted strategies to reverse downward graduation trends among Black, Native American, and Pacific Island nursing students.
Assuntos
Bacharelado em Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Grupos Minoritários/educação , Grupos Minoritários/estatística & dados numéricos , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Critérios de Admissão Escolar/estatística & dados numéricos , Escolas de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudantes de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Negro ou Afro-Americano/educação , Negro ou Afro-Americano/estatística & dados numéricos , Asiático/educação , Asiático/estatística & dados numéricos , Diversidade Cultural , Feminino , Hispânico ou Latino/educação , Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Havaiano Nativo ou Outro Ilhéu do Pacífico/educação , Havaiano Nativo ou Outro Ilhéu do Pacífico/estatística & dados numéricos , Vigilância da População , Porto Rico , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Considerable evidence suggests that how candidates react to selection procedures can affect their test performance and their attitudes toward the hiring organization (e.g., recommending the firm to others). However, very few studies of candidate reactions have examined one of the outcomes organizations care most about: job performance. We attempt to address this gap by developing and testing a conceptual framework that delineates whether and how candidate reactions might influence job performance. We accomplish this objective using data from 4 studies (total N = 6,480), 6 selection procedures (personality tests, job knowledge tests, cognitive ability tests, work samples, situational judgment tests, and a selection inventory), 5 key candidate reactions (anxiety, motivation, belief in tests, self-efficacy, and procedural justice), 2 contexts (industry and education), 3 continents (North America, South America, and Europe), 2 study designs (predictive and concurrent), and 4 occupational areas (medical, sales, customer service, and technological). Consistent with previous research, candidate reactions were related to test scores, and test scores were related to job performance. Further, there was some evidence that reactions affected performance indirectly through their influence on test scores. Finally, in no cases did candidate reactions affect the prediction of job performance by increasing or decreasing the criterion-related validity of test scores. Implications of these findings and avenues for future research are discussed.
Assuntos
Seleção de Pessoal/métodos , Competência Profissional/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Ansiedade/psicologia , Aptidão/fisiologia , Europa (Continente) , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Motivação/fisiologia , América do Norte , Ocupações , Personalidade/fisiologia , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Resolução de Problemas/fisiologia , Critérios de Admissão Escolar/estatística & dados numéricos , Autoeficácia , América do SulRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the current distribution and training patterns of pediatric nurse practitioners (PNPs). STUDY DESIGN: Secondary data analysis from the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners and the 2008 US Census Bureau were used to estimate the distribution of PNPs per 100,000 children. Data on nurse practitioner (NP) graduation and specialty education programs were obtained from the American Association of Colleges of Nursing. RESULTS: PNPs have the greatest concentration in the New England and mid-Atlantic regions and a narrow band of Midwestern states. States that allow PNPs to practice or prescribe independently do not consistently have a higher density of PNPs per child population. There has been a slight decrease in the proportion of programs that offer PNP training. In the last decade, the proportion of NP graduates pursuing family nurse practitioner education has increased, and the proportion pursuing PNP education has decreased. CONCLUSION: Workforce planning for the health care of children will require improved methods of assessment of the role of PNPs and the volume of care they provide. Increased use of PNPs in pediatrics will likely require greater effort at recruitment of NPs into the PNP specialty.
Assuntos
Educação/estatística & dados numéricos , Profissionais de Enfermagem/educação , Profissionais de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Enfermagem Pediátrica , Área Programática de Saúde , Certificação , Criança , Emprego/estatística & dados numéricos , Emprego/tendências , Humanos , Pesquisa em Avaliação de Enfermagem/normas , Pesquisa em Avaliação de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços de Enfermagem/normas , Serviços de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Enfermagem Pediátrica/educação , Enfermagem Pediátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Enfermagem Pediátrica/tendências , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Assistentes Médicos/educação , Assistentes Médicos/normas , Padrões de Prática Médica/organização & administração , Especialidades de Enfermagem/normas , Especialidades de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The shortage of nurses and midwives across the world and the migratory trends of these scarce professionals--primarily from low-income countries to fill staffing needs in high-income countries--are critical international health care issues. This article reviews some of the demographic, educational, and socioeconomic factors driving this global trend, the impact on health care delivery in low-income countries, and the effect on the implementation of global public health initiatives. Nurses and midwives migrate from low-income nations while concurrently qualified applicants are rejected from educational programs in high-income countries. The impact of migration on the viability of the health care delivery system in Guyana, South America, is presented as an exemplar nation within the broader global context of ethical dilemmas, pressures on educational systems, and the anti- and pro-migration arguments.
Assuntos
Emigração e Imigração/estatística & dados numéricos , Mão de Obra em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Descrição de Cargo , Tocologia , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Guiana , Humanos , Satisfação no Emprego , Pensões , Qualidade de Vida , Salários e Benefícios , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Desenvolvimento de PessoalRESUMO
This descriptive study aimed to find out how long nurses stay at a hospital institution and the relationship with expenses in terms of hours/salary regarding admission, resignation and hiring of a new nurse. We analyzed the resignation records of 109 nurses (2000-2002) from a hospital in the eastern region of São Paulo, provided by the Human Resource Department in 2003, as well as the amounts spent on hours/salary of the personnel involved in the selection process, admission, training and resignation. The study showed that the nurses stayed for a short period (average of 20 months and median 18). 30.53% of the nurses left the hospital in less than one year. 881.43 R dollars was spent on hours/salary for admission and resignation. This short time of permanence doubled the cost for hiring a new professional.
Assuntos
Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/economia , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/estatística & dados numéricos , Seleção de Pessoal/economia , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Reorganização de Recursos Humanos/economia , Reorganização de Recursos Humanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Brasil , Custos e Análise de Custo , Hospitais de Ensino , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Cardiologia/educação , Avaliação Educacional/métodos , Internato e Residência , Seleção de Pessoal/métodos , Adulto , Argentina , Resumo em Inglês , Avaliação Educacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Internato e Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricosAssuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estudo Comparativo , Cardiologia/educação , Avaliação Educacional/métodos , Internato e Residência , Seleção de Pessoal/métodos , Adulto , Argentina , Avaliação Educacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Resumo em Inglês , Internato e Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
The purpose of this work was to assess the level of cardiological knowledge in a population of recently graduated physicians and to compare the examination results with pregraduation experiences. The results of the residency entrance examinations of 230 physicians from different universities were analyzed (Table 1). The examination consisted of 70 questions (69 by multiple choice and 1 of professional competence). The cardiovascular area was explored through 28 questions including basic and clinical subjects (Fig. 1). A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the examination was made based on difficulty and discrimination levels (Annex 1-2). A danger level was established when the answer involved a potential risk of death for the patient. Thirty percent of applicants passed the exam (60% of correct answers). Informative questions were easier than those of application and interpretation. A greater difficulty was evidenced with respect to questions in the clinical area (Fig. 3). A higher performance was noted in men, graduates from the University of Buenos Aires and those applicants with assistance and teaching experience. A remarkable positive correlation between average marks during the students career and the level of marks obtained in this exam (Fig. 2) was noted. Twenty-six percent of the physicians who failed gave potentially dangerous answers (Fig. 4). The examination results give us the opportunity to obtain information regarding features of university education.