RESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The root barks of Hippocratea celastroides have been used for decades in Mexican traditional medicine to treat gastritis and ulcers. To investigate the anti-Helicobacter pylori, gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of methanolic extracts obtained from the leaves, stems, and root bark of Hippocratea celastroides collected in five different localities in Mexico, during the winter of 2009, in order to establish differences in biological activities in terms of plant organs, as well as places of collection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Whole individuals were collected in five separate localities in Mexico: La Mancha, Veracruz (VL), Yautepec, Morelos (MY), Jojutla, Morelos (MJ), Temalac, Guerrero (GT), and Landa de Matamoros, Querétaro (QL). Methanolic crude extracts from wild plant specimens were tested using in vivo ethanol-induced mice gastric ulcer model, and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced ear edema in mice assay, and in vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori model, and carcinoma cell line cytotoxic assays. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The leaves, stems, and root bark from MY specimens, as well as the leaves and root bark of materials from VL, presented the highest activity against Helicobacter pylori (MIC values ranging from 7.81 to 31.25 µg/ml). Most gastroprotective effects were displayed by the leaves of plants collected in MY, with 89.85±1.91% of protection (300 mg/kg) and an ED50=27 mg/kg, which was corroborated by histological analysis. The root bark extracts from MY achieved the highest edema inhibition values (ED50=0.18 mg/ear), which were comparable to indomethacin (ED50=0.16 mg/ear). Finally, all extracts from MY (three plant parts) were cytotoxic against nasopharyngeal (KB), breast (MCF-7), and colon (HCT-116) carcinoma cell lines with IC50 values between 1.18 and 9.77 µg/ml, except that no activity was detected for root bark extracts against HCT-116 normal fibroblasts. The activities of methanolic extracts from leaves, stems and root bark of plants collected in five different locations varied considerably, representing a notable problem facing the quality control of the plant material from Hippocratea celastroides used for medicinal purposes. The ethnomedical information of this plant in regards to treating gastritis and ulcers was strongly evidenced by the findings of the experimental models employed in this study.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antiulcerosos/farmacologia , Hippocrateaceae/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Antiulcerosos/administração & dosagem , Antiulcerosos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Edema/patologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Helicobacter pylori/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional , México , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/patologia , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Úlcera Gástrica/prevenção & controleRESUMO
We report the trypanocidal activity of quinonemethide triterpenoids isolated from root extracts of Cheiloclinium cognatum, a plant of the Hippocrateaceae family, collected in the Cerrado Reserve at Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil. The trypanocidal activity assays showed an effect on the blood trypomastigote forms of the Y strain of Trypanosoma cruzi where tingenone and tingenol demonstrated activity on the parasite. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data, particularly COSY, HMQC and HMBC experiments, and chemical transformations.
Assuntos
Hippocrateaceae/química , Raízes de Plantas/química , Caules de Planta/química , Quinonas/química , Triterpenos/química , Tripanossomicidas/química , Modelos Moleculares , Conformação Molecular , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Quinonas/isolamento & purificação , Quinonas/farmacologia , Triterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Tripanossomicidas/isolamento & purificação , Tripanossomicidas/farmacologiaRESUMO
Two new triterpenoids, 21 beta-hydroxyolean-12-en-3-one (1) and a seco-dinor derivative of pristimerine named dzununcanone (2), were isolated from the root bark of Hippocratea excelsa. Their structures were assigned on the basis of spectroscopic evidence, mainly 1H and 13C 1D and 2D NMR including DEPT, COSY, ROESY, HSQC, and HMBC experiments, as well as EIMS and HREIMS. The known 21alpha-hydroxy-3-oxofriedelane (3), a compound new to the species, and the known methide quinones pristimerine (4) tingenone (5), and xuxuarine Ebeta (7) were also isolated. The antiprotozoal activities were determined against Giardia intestinalis. Pristimerine and tingenone were the most active antigiardial compounds, with IC50 values of 0.11 and 0.74 microM, respectively, compared with metronidazole, the current drug of choice (IC50 1.23 microM).
Assuntos
Antiprotozoários/isolamento & purificação , Antiprotozoários/farmacologia , Giardia lamblia/efeitos dos fármacos , Hippocrateaceae/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Triterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Animais , Antiprotozoários/química , México , Estrutura Molecular , Raízes de Plantas/química , Triterpenos/químicaRESUMO
The triterpenes, 22beta-hydroxypristimerin and cognatine, were isolated together with the known compounds pristimerin, maytenin, 20alpha-hydroxymaytenin, 22beta-hydroxymaytenin, netzahualcoyol, netzahualcoyondiol and netzahualcoyone from root bark of Cheiloclinium cognatum. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by interpretation of their spectral data, including gHMQC and gHMBC experiments. The isolates were investigated for their radical scavenging abilities through a spectrophotometric assay involving reduction of 2,2-diphenyl-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH).