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OBJECTIVE: To compare performance in Avaliação Simplificada do Processamento Auditivo Central and Scale of Auditory Behaviors scores before and after auditory and motor training. METHODS: Sample comprising 162 children aged 9 to 11 years and attending public schools in the city of São Paulo (SP), Brazil; 122 out of 162 children were allocated to one of three experimental groups: Multisensory; Auditory/Motor and Motor/Auditory. Experimental groups were submitted to 8 hours of auditory, visuospatial and motor stimulation over the course of 8 weeks. The remaining 40 children formed the Control Group and received no stimulation. RESULTS: Relation between child behavior as perceived by school teachers and auditory test responses revealed that the better the performance in auditory processing assessment, the higher the Scale of Auditory Behaviors scores. CONCLUSION: Auditory and motor training led to improvements in auditory processing skills as rated by Avaliação Simplificada do Processamento Auditivo Central and Scale of Auditory Behaviors; this intervention model proved to be a good tool for use in school settings.

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the long-term efficacy of acoustically controlled auditory training in adults after tarumatic brain injury. METHODS: A total of six audioogically normal individuals aged between 20 and 37 years were studied. They suffered severe traumatic brain injury with diffuse axional lesion and underwent an acoustically controlled auditory training program approximately one year before. The results obtained in the behavioral and electrophysiological evaluation of auditory processing immediately after acoustically controlled auditory training were compared to reassessment findings, one year later. RESULTS: Quantitative analysis of auditory brainsteim response showed increased absolute latency of all waves and interpeak intervals, bilaterraly, when comparing both evaluations. Moreover, increased amplitude of all waves, and the wave V amplitude was statistically significant for the right ear, and wave III for the left ear. As to P3, decreased latency and increased amplitude were found for both ears in reassessment. The previous and current behavioral assessment showed similar results, except for the staggered spondaic words in the left ear and the amount of errors on the dichotic consonant-vowel test. CONCLUSION: The acoustically controlled auditory training was effective in the long run, since better latency and amplitude results were observed in the electrophysiological evaluation, in addition to stability of behavioral measures after one-year training.

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ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the long-term efficacy of acoustically controlled auditory training in adults after tarumatic brain injury. Methods A total of six audioogically normal individuals aged between 20 and 37 years were studied. They suffered severe traumatic brain injury with diffuse axional lesion and underwent an acoustically controlled auditory training program approximately one year before. The results obtained in the behavioral and electrophysiological evaluation of auditory processing immediately after acoustically controlled auditory training were compared to reassessment findings, one year later. Results Quantitative analysis of auditory brainsteim response showed increased absolute latency of all waves and interpeak intervals, bilaterraly, when comparing both evaluations. Moreover, increased amplitude of all waves, and the wave V amplitude was statistically significant for the right ear, and wave III for the left ear. As to P3, decreased latency and increased amplitude were found for both ears in reassessment. The previous and current behavioral assessment showed similar results, except for the staggered spondaic words in the left ear and the amount of errors on the dichotic consonant-vowel test. Conclusion The acoustically controlled auditory training was effective in the long run, since better latency and amplitude results were observed in the electrophysiological evaluation, in addition to stability of behavioral measures after one-year training.

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a eficácia de longo prazo do treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado em indivíduos adultos após traumatismo craniencefálico. Métodos Foram estudados seis indivíduos audiologicamente normais com idades entre 20 e 37 anos, que sofreram traumatismo craniencefálico grave com lesão axional difusa, submetidos a um programa de treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado aproximadamente um ano antes. Foram comparados os resultados obtidos nas avaliações comportamental e eletrofisiológica do processamento auditivo imediatamente após o treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado e a reavaliação, um ano após. Resultados Quanto ao potencial de tronco encefálico, observou-se aumento da latência absoluta de todas as ondas e os intervalos interpicos, na comparação entre as avaliações, bilateralmente, bem como aumento da amplitude de todas as ondas, sendo a onda V estatisticamente significativa, para a orelha direita e a onda III para a orelha esquerda. Quanto ao P3, observaram-se diminuição da latência e aumento da amplitude do P3 na avaliação atual em ambas as orelhas. A avaliação comportamental atual evidenciou desempenho semelhante nas duas avaliações, exceto no teste dicótico de dissílabos alternados na orelha esquerda e a quantidade de erros no teste dicótico consoante-vogal. Conclusão O treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado mostrou-se eficaz em longo prazo, uma vez que foram observados resultados melhores de latência e amplitude na avaliação eletrofisiológica, bem como estabilidade das medidas comportamentais após um ano de treinamento.

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of a formal auditory training program on the behavioral, electrophysiological and subjective aspects of auditory function in individuals with bilateral high-frequency hearing loss. METHOD: A prospective study of seven individuals aged 46 to 57 years with symmetric, moderate high-frequency hearing loss ranging from 3 to 8 kHz was conducted. Evaluations of auditory processing (sound location, verbal and non-verbal sequential memory tests, the speech-in-noise test, the staggered spondaic word test, synthetic sentence identification with competitive ipsilateral and contralateral competitive messages, random gap detection and the standard duration test), auditory brainstem response and long-latency potentials and the administration of the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit questionnaire were performed in a sound booth before and immediately after formal auditory training. RESULTS: All of the participants demonstrated abnormal pre-training long-latency characteristics (abnormal latency or absence of the P3 component) and these abnormal characteristics were maintained in six of the seven individuals at the post-training evaluation. No significant differences were found between ears in the quantitative analysis of auditory brainstem responses or long-latency potentials. However, the subjects demonstrated improvements on all behavioral tests. For the questionnaire, the difference on the background noise subscale achieved statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Auditory training in adults with high-frequency hearing loss led to improvements in figure-background hearing skills for verbal sounds, temporal ordination and resolution, and communication in noisy environments. Electrophysiological changes were also observed because, after the training, some long latency components that were absent pre-training were observed during the re-evaluation.

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of a formal auditory training program on the behavioral, electrophysiological and subjective aspects of auditory function in individuals with bilateral high-frequency hearing loss. METHOD: A prospective study of seven individuals aged 46 to 57 years with symmetric, moderate high-frequency hearing loss ranging from 3 to 8 kHz was conducted. Evaluations of auditory processing (sound location, verbal and non-verbal sequential memory tests, the speech-in-noise test, the staggered spondaic word test, synthetic sentence identification with competitive ipsilateral and contralateral competitive messages, random gap detection and the standard duration test), auditory brainstem response and long-latency potentials and the administration of the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit questionnaire were performed in a sound booth before and immediately after formal auditory training. RESULTS: All of the participants demonstrated abnormal pre-training long-latency characteristics (abnormal latency or absence of the P3 component) and these abnormal characteristics were maintained in six of the seven individuals at the post-training evaluation. No significant differences were found between ears in the quantitative analysis of auditory brainstem responses or long-latency potentials. However, the subjects demonstrated improvements on ...

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El objetivo de la presente revisión teórica es documentar los aspectos relevantes de los métodos unisensoriales, para la rehabilitación de personas con pérdida auditiva usuarias de implante coclear y otras ayudas auditivas; estos métodos son la terapia auditiva verbal y el método verbotonal, también se incluyen los aspectos encontrados con respecto a la terapia auditiva-oral, la cual es confusa en su definición. Por otro lado se ofrece un panorama de lo que se está realizando desde musicoterapia en esta misma población con el fin de promoverpuentes de comunicacióny trabajo entre fonoaudiología y musicoterapia. Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva de información al respecto en bases de datos, decantando y recopilando las referencias obtenidas. Cabe aclarar que el fin de esta investigación no es mostrar la superioridad de ninguno de los tratamientos, sino la forma en la que trabajan para así brindar nuevas perspectivas y herramientas en la intervención con la población usuaria de implantes cocleares u otras ayudas auditivas.

The aim of this theoretical review is to document the relevant aspects of unisensorial methods in the rehabilitation of people with hearing loss, some of them with cochlear implant or other hearing devices. The methods documented here are Auditory Verbal Therapy and the Verbotonal Method, it is also included some aspects related with the Auditory-Oral therapy which is confused in its definition. The review provides, as well, an overview of what is being done through Music Therapy in this population, in order to promote bridges of communication and work between speech therapy and music therapy. An exhaustive search of databases was conducted decanting and compiling the information obtained. It should be noted that the purpose of this research is not to show the superiority of either approaching, but to show how they work and to bring new perspectives and tools for use in the intervention process with the population using cochlear implants or other hearing devices.

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PURPOSE: To verify the applicability of a software in the (re)habilitation of hearing impaired children. METHODS: The sample comprised 17 children with hearing impairment, ten with cochlear implants (CI) and seven with hearing aids (HA). The Software Auxiliar na Reabilitação de Distúrbios Auditivos - SARDA (Auxiliary Software for the Rehabilitation of Hearing Disorders) was used. The training protocol was applied for 30 minutes, twice a week, for the necessary time to complete the strategies proposed in the software. To measure the software's applicability for training the speech perception ability in quiet and in noise, subjects were assessed through the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT), before and after the auditory training. Data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The group of CI users needed, in average, 12.2 days to finish the strategies, and the group of HA users, in average 10.14 days. Both groups presented differences between pre and post assessments, both in quiet and in noise. Younger children showed more difficulty executing the strategies, however, there was no correlation between age and performance. The type of electronic device did not influence the training. Children presented greater difficulty in the strategy involving non-verbal stimuli and in the strategy with verbal stimuli that trains the sustained attention ability. Children's attention and motivation during stimulation were fundamental for a successful auditory training. CONCLUSION: The auditory training using the SARDA was effective, providing improvement of the speech perception ability, both in quiet and in noise, for the hearing impaired children.

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OBJETIVO: Verificar a aplicabilidade de um software na (re)habilitação de crianças com deficiência auditiva. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 17 crianças com deficiência auditiva, sendo dez usuárias de Implante Coclear (IC) e sete usuárias de Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual (AASI). Foi utilizado o "Software Auxiliar na Reabilitação de Distúrbios Auditivos (SARDA)". Aplicou-se o protocolo de treinamento durante 30 minutos, duas vezes por semana, pelo tempo necessário para a finalização das estratégias que compõe software. Para mensurar a aplicabilidade do software no treinamento da habilidade de percepção da fala no silêncio e no ruído, foram realizadas avaliações com o Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) pré e pós o treinamento auditivo. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente. RESULTADOS: O grupo de usuários de IC necessitou em média 12,2 dias para finalizar as estratégias e o grupo de usuários de AASI em média 10,14 dias. Os dois grupos apresentaram diferença entre as avaliações pré e pós no silêncio e no ruído. As crianças mais novas apresentaram maior dificuldade durante a execução das estratégias, porém não houve correlação entre a idade e o desempenho. Não houve influência do tipo do dispositivo eletrônico durante o treinamento. As crianças apresentaram maior dificuldade na estratégia que envolvia estímulos não verbais e na estratégia com estímulos verbais que treina a habilidade de atenção sustentada. A atenção e a motivação da criança durante a estimulação foram fundamentais para o bom rendimento do treinamento auditivo. CONCLUSÃO: O treinamento auditivo com o SARDA foi eficaz, pois propiciou melhora na habilidade de percepção da fala, no silêncio e no ruído, das crianças com deficiência auditiva.

PURPOSE: To verify the applicability of a software in the (re)habilitation of hearing impaired children. METHODS: The sample comprised 17 children with hearing impairment, ten with cochlear implants (CI) and seven with hearing aids (HA). The Software Auxiliar na Reabilitação de Distúrbios Auditivos - SARDA (Auxiliary Software for the Rehabilitation of Hearing Disorders) was used. The training protocol was applied for 30 minutes, twice a week, for the necessary time to complete the strategies proposed in the software. To measure the software's applicability for training the speech perception ability in quiet and in noise, subjects were assessed through the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT), before and after the auditory training. Data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The group of CI users needed, in average, 12.2 days to finish the strategies, and the group of HA users, in average 10.14 days. Both groups presented differences between pre and post assessments, both in quiet and in noise. Younger children showed more difficulty executing the strategies, however, there was no correlation between age and performance. The type of electronic device did not influence the training. Children presented greater difficulty in the strategy involving non-verbal stimuli and in the strategy with verbal stimuli that trains the sustained attention ability. Children's attention and motivation during stimulation were fundamental for a successful auditory training. CONCLUSION: The auditory training using the SARDA was effective, providing improvement of the speech perception ability, both in quiet and in noise, for the hearing impaired children.

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A implantação de programas de reabilitação para o deficiente auditivo idoso é de grande importância. OBJETIVO: Verificar a eficácia de um programa de treinamento auditivo formal em idosos que receberam próteses auditivas há no mínimo três meses, por meio de testes de reconhecimento de fala e questionário de auto-avaliação. MÉTODO: Estudo de coorte contemporânea longitudinal. Foram selecionados 13 idosos usuários de próteses auditivas intra-aurais em adaptação binaural, de ambos os sexos, com idade média de 65,30 anos. Este grupo foi subdividido aleatoriamente em Grupo Experimental e Grupo Controle, por meio de sorteio. O Grupo Experimental foi submetido a sete sessões de treinamento auditivo formal, visando estimular as habilidades auditivas de fechamento auditivo, memória, atenção, figura-fundo e integração binaural. Os participantes foram avaliados por três testes comportamentais e um questionário de auto-avaliação. RESULTADOS: Os idosos do Grupo Experimental apresentaram desempenho significantemente melhor nas avaliações após o treinamento auditivo e também em relação ao Grupo Controle. CONCLUSÃO: O programa de treinamento auditivo em cabina acústica, associado ao uso de próteses auditivas, melhora o desempenho das habilidades de reconhecimento de fala e reduz a percepção do handicap auditivo de idosos usuários de próteses auditivas intra-aurais.

It is of paramount importance to install hearing rehabilitation programs for the elderly. AIM: to check the efficacy of a forma auditory training program for elderly patients fitted with hearing aids for at least three months, by means of speech recognition tests and self-assessment questionnaires. METHODS: longitudinal contemporary cohort study. We selected 13 elderly hearing aid users, using intra-canal hearing aids in both ears, from both genders, with average age of 65.3 years. This group was randomly divided in Experiment Group and Control Group. The Experiment Group underwent seven formal auditory training sessions, aiming at stimulating their hearing skills for hearing closing, memory, attention, background figure and binaural integration. The participants were assessed by three behavioral tests and one self assessment questionnaire. RESULTS: The elderly from the Experiment Group had significantly better performance in the assessments after auditory training in comparison to the Control Group. conclusion: the formal auditory training program in a soundproof booth, associated with the use of hearing aids, improves speech recognition performance and reduces the perception of auditory handicap for the elderly who use intra-canal hearing aids.

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A prótese implantável de condução óssea (BAHA) tem sido utilizado e estudado na Europa e nos EUA já tendo sido implantado em mais de 15000 pacientes em todo o mundo, e recentemente começou a ser utilizado no Brasil...

Bone Anchored Hearing Aid is an implantable bone conduction hearing aid of the temporal bone. This device has been used and studied in Europe and in the USA having already been implanted more than 15000 patient around the word and has just beginning in Brazil...

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The profession of audiology took root in Brazil nearly a half a century ago and has since blossomed into a flourishing, well-developed field. Currently, audiologists in Brazil work at private institutions, including private medical practices and dedicated speech and hearing clinics. They are also employed in a wide array of public institutions, including community clinics, elementary schools, colleges, and universities. In both the private sector and health clinics, audiologists perform diagnostic evaluations of auditory and vestibular disorders, select and fit hearing aids, and provide aural rehabilitation. At the public level, they assist with workers' health programs, dispense hearing aids, and aural rehabilitation. There is always room to grow, however, and the future of audiology in Brazil holds both challenges and opportunity. The following article will sketch the development of audiology training and practice in Brazil, provide a picture of how the field stands today, and summarize the unique challenges which the profession faces in this large and diverse nation.

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UNLABELLED: It is of paramount importance to install hearing rehabilitation programs for the elderly. AIM: To check the efficacy of a forma auditory training program for elderly patients fitted with hearing aids for at least three months, by means of speech recognition tests and self-assessment questionnaires. METHODS: Longitudinal contemporary cohort study. We selected 13 elderly hearing aid users, using intra-canal hearing aids in both ears, from both genders, with average age of 65.3 years. This group was randomly divided in Experiment Group and Control Group. The Experiment Group underwent seven formal auditory training sessions, aiming at stimulating their hearing skills for hearing closing, memory, attention, background figure and binaural integration. The participants were assessed by three behavioral tests and one self assessment questionnaire. RESULTS: The elderly from the Experiment Group had significantly better performance in the assessments after auditory training in comparison to the Control Group. CONCLUSION: The formal auditory training program in a soundproof booth, associated with the use of hearing aids, improves speech recognition performance and reduces the perception of auditory handicap for the elderly who use intra-canal hearing aids.

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Objetivo: describir los resultados obtenidos con la colocación de dos prótesis estapediales a pacientes sometidos a estapedotomía por otosclerosis. Tipo de estudio: descriptivo y retrospectivo de revisión de casos. Métodos: se utilizaron prótesis de titanio y de teflón-platino para el cierre de la diferencia entre las curvas ósea y aérea (gap) producido por la otosclerosis. Se revisaron 70 casos intervenidos en el Hospital de San José entre el 2002 y 2005, por tres cirujanos. Se utilizo técnica de pequeña fenestración realizada con perforadores manuales; 48 casos cumplieron con los criterios. Se excluyeron los casos de revisión, aquellos con anomalías anatómicas o datos inadecuados pre o postquirúrgicos. Se midió el gap óseo-aéreo con audiometría de tonos puros en cuatro frecuencias y el umbral límite de pérdida auditiva neurosensorial, tomando como base para evaluar los resultados el PTA (promedio tonal auditivo). Resultados: se agruparon 33 casos con prótesis de teflón y 15 de titanio. El cierre del gap óseo-aéreo menor o igual a 10 db fue del 80% para los casos de titanio y del 76% para los de teflón. La pérdida auditiva neurosensorial fue baja para ambos grupos sin diferencia significativa. Discusión: los resultados fueron similares para ambos grupos, pero se observó que la prótesis de titanio fue levemente superior. Los resultados descritos concuerdan con los reportados en la literatura, que muestran un rango en el cierre del gap óseo-aéreo menor de 10 db del 71% al 94%. El número pequeño de casos o la predilección por una de las prótesis puede influenciar el resultado descrito.

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Los primeros tres años de vida son fundamentales para la adquisición del lenguaje. Si un niño presenta déficit auditivo en esta etapa, probablemente no recibirá una adecuada estimulación auditiva, lingüística y social, bases fundamentales para su desarrollo. De allí la importancia de identificar tempranamente la hipoacusia sensorioneural para minimizar y prevenir estos efectos adversos. En Argentina, el año 2001, se promulgó la Ley 25.415, de Detección Temprana de la Hipoacusia. Ella establece que “a partir del nacimiento y antes del tercer mes de vida, todo niño debe ser evaluado auditivamente tenga o no antecedentes de riesgo auditivo”. El Comité de ASALFA ha elaborado un programa de screening, intervención y seguimiento auditivo. Así, esta investigación presenta los resultados de la implementación de este screening en el Hospital de Agudos Juan A. Fernández, Buenos Aires, Argentina¹. Se comenta los resultados que demuestran la eficacia de la detección temprana y la utilidad del uso de otoemisiones acústicas como procedimiento de detección.

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BACKGROUND: A dialogue-based diary, used in the clinical speech therapy setting, as a specific strategy for working with hearing-impaired children and their parents. AIM: To retrospectively analyze a diary that was completed throughout the therapeutic process undergone by a hearing-impaired child during a period of two years. METHOD: A qualitative research design and the analysis of categories based on the discursive modalities were used. RESULTS: Characteristics of this diary were the exchange of information, the discussion of the expectancies and the counseling given to the family. CONCLUSION: This paper initiates the discussion about the use of a diary as a language therapeutic technique for hearing-impaired children. At this moment, the maximum use of the hearing capability by means of amplification depends on the constant contact with the family in the sense of dealing with the parents' expectations about the process of turning the deaf or hearing-impaired child into a deaf individual who can speak.

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Tema: o diário dialogado no trabalho clínico fonoaudiológico como estratégia específica para o trabalho com a criança deficiente e seus pais. Objetivo: analisar retrospectivamente um diário confeccionado no processo terapêutico de uma criança portadora de deficiência auditiva durante dois anos, caracterizando, a sua confecção, suas funções e espaços de utilização. Método: foi utilizado delineamento de pesquisa qualitativa e análise de categorias fundamentadas nas modalidades discursivas. Resultados: foram caraterísticas deste diário a troca de informações, explicitação de expectativas e orientações dadas à famílias. Conclusão: este trabalho inaugura uma discussão da utilização do diário como técnica da terapia de linguagem da criança portadora de deficiência auditiva. Nesse momento, a utilização máxima da audição disponível através da amplificação depende do constante contato com a família, no sentido de trabalhar as expectativas dos pais no processo da criança tornar-se um surdo que fala.

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Os métodos e equipamentos desenvolvidos para diagnóstico da deficiência auditiva estao cada vez mais sofisticados, permitindo maior precisao. Este diagnóstico, embora de fundamental importância para o conhecimento da audicao de cada paciente, precisa ser acompanhado por um trabalho terapêutico, com profissionais especializados e capacitados. Vários sao os métodos utilizados para a reabilitacao do deficiente auditivo, entre eles o oralismo, a comunicacao total/bimodalismo e o bilingüismo, todos com objetivos e abordagens terapêuticas específicos. A finalidade deste artigo é apontar algumas características de cada método apresentado e chamar a atencao do profissional envolvido para a importância de uma postura e um posicionamento adequados diante dos pais

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Este artigo teve como objetivo relatar a nossa experiência no atendimento fonaudiológico (terapia) de pacientes com implante coclear monocanal e multicanal. A terapia foi baseada nas quatro etapas do desenvolvimento auditivo segundo Erber (1982) e Boothroyd (1982): detecçäo, discriminaçäo, e reconhecimento e compreensäo auditiva. Foram considerados no atendimento as variáveis tempo de surdez, época de aquisiçäo da perda auditiva e tipo de implante. Os resultados apontaram melhoras significtivas em todas as etapas auditivas trabalhadas em terapia

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