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Emerg Infect Dis ; 30(9): 1834-1840, 2024 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39173662

RESUMO

Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) is a mosquitoborne virus that reemerged in December 2023 in Argentina and Uruguay, causing a major outbreak. We investigated the outbreak using epidemiologic, entomological, and genomic analyses, focusing on WEEV circulation near the Argentina‒Uruguay border in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. During November 2023‒April 2024, the outbreak in Argentina and Uruguay resulted in 217 human cases, 12 of which were fatal, and 2,548 equine cases. We determined cases on the basis of laboratory and clinical epidemiologic criteria. We characterized 3 fatal equine cases caused by a novel WEEV lineage identified through a nearly complete coding sequence analysis, which we propose as lineage C. Our findings highlight the importance of continued surveillance and equine vaccination to control future WEEV outbreaks in South America.


Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Vírus da Encefalite Equina do Oeste , Epidemiologia Molecular , Filogenia , Animais , Vírus da Encefalite Equina do Oeste/genética , Humanos , Cavalos , Uruguai/epidemiologia , América do Sul/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/virologia , Masculino , Encefalomielite Equina do Oeste/epidemiologia , Encefalomielite Equina do Oeste/virologia , Feminino , Argentina/epidemiologia , Encefalomielite Equina/epidemiologia , Encefalomielite Equina/virologia , Encefalomielite Equina/veterinária , Adulto
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