RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Adipokines are produced by adipose tissue and are involved in metabolic processes. Omentin-1 is an adipokine that has been shown in vitro to possibly be involved in insulin sensitivity modulation. The prenatal stage is a crucial period for development of metabolic diseases in the long term, therefore, small (SGA) and large (LGA) for gestational age newborns have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome later in life. AIMS: To evaluate the differences in omentin-1 concentrations in umbilical cord blood from healthy term newborns according to birth weight and explore the association between omentin-1 and anthropometry, glucose, insulin and insulin sensitivity. STUDY DESIGN: This was a secondary analysis of stored umbilical cord blood of term newborns. SUBJECTS: Newborns classified according to birth weight as SGA (nâ¯=â¯30), adequate for gestational age (AGA) (nâ¯=â¯12) and LGA (nâ¯=â¯34). OUTCOME MEASURES: An analysis of omentin-1, glucose and insulin were performed. RESULTS: Differences were found in serum omentin-1 levels (ng/mL) between SGA 328.17⯱â¯108.04, AGA 253.05⯱â¯98.25 and LGA 250.91⯱â¯100.48 (pâ¯=â¯0.009). In the linear regression analysis, the independent variables HOMA-IR, QUICK-I and FGIR were predictors of serum omentin-1 levels (râ¯=â¯0.175, pâ¯=â¯0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Omentin-1 cord blood levels have a differentiated behavior according to weight for gestational age with LGA newborns having lower levels and SGA newborns higher levels. HOMA-IR, QUICK-I and FGIR weakly predicted omentin-1 in cord blood, suggesting that omentin-1 possibly has an implication in insulin sensitivity since birth.