RESUMO

Fossils can document the morphological diversification through time and date lineages, providing relevant characters are preserved. Primascena Klimaszewsi, 1997 was erected for P. subita Klimaszewsi, 1997 on the basis of a single, partly damaged male from Dominican amber. Originally assigned to Rhinocolidae: Paurocephalinae, the genus was subsequently transferred to Psyllidae: Aphalaroidinae. Recently, two undescribed species resembling the fossil species were discovered in Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), allowing a detailed morphological study of adults and immatures. Based on the morphological study, a revised diagnosis of the genus is provided, including the previously unknown female and fifth instar immatures. Primascena subita is redescribed and P. empsycha n. spec. and P. ruprechtiae n. spec. are formally described and illustrated. An identification key is provided for the species of Primascena. A cladistic morphological analysis supports the placement of the two new species in Primascena, and of this genus in the Aphalaroidinae. It is sister to all but Aphalaroida, though with little support. The two Brazilian species develop on Ruprechtia spp. (Polygonaceae: Eriogonoideae), an unusual psyllid host. Immatures of P. ruprechtiae are free-living on the lower leaf face and do not induce galls.

RESUMO

Coccoloba cowellii Britton (Polygonaceae, order Caryophyllales) is an endemic and critically endangered plant species that only grows in the municipality of Camagüey, a province of Cuba. A preliminary investigation of its total methanolic extract led to the discovery of promising antifungal activity. In this study, a bioassay-guided fractionation allowed the isolation of quercetin and four methoxyflavonoids: 3-O-methylquercetin, myricetin 3,3',4'-trimethyl ether, 6-methoxymyricetin 3,4'-dimethyl ether, and 6-methoxymyricetin 3,3',4'-trimethyl ether. The leaf extract, fractions, and compounds were tested against various fungi and showed strong in vitro antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and various Candida spp. with no cytotoxicity (CC50 > 64.0 µg/mL) on MRC-5 SV2 cells, determined by a resazurin assay. A Candida albicans SC5314 antibiofilm assay indicated that the antifungal activity of C. cowellii extracts and constituents is mainly targeted to planktonic cells. The total methanolic extract showed higher and broader activity compared with the fractions and mixture of compounds.

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The largest number of species of the widespread and highly diverse micromoth genus Ypsolopha Latreille, 1796 (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutoidea, Ypsolophidae) is known from the Northern Hemisphere. Only seven species have been described from the Neotropical Region, two of which occur in Chile. NEW INFORMATION: The adult stage of Ypsolophachicoi sp. n. from the arid highlands of the western slopes of the Andes of northern Chile is described and illustrated. Its larvae feed on the native shrub Muehlenbeckiafruticulosa (Walp.) Standl. (Polygonaceae). The morphology of the genitalia of Y.chicoi sp. n. resembles that of the only congeneric known to occur in the same geographic area, Y.moltenii Vargas, 2018, whose larvae feed on Adesmiaverrucosa Meyen (Fabaceae). Besides using different host plants, the two species can be accurately separated, based on morphological differences in female and male genitalia.

RESUMO

A língua-de-vaca é uma planta daninha perene, que infesta principalmente pastagens, lavouras anuais e perenes na região Sul do Brasil. Por ser uma planta perene, o controle se torna mais difícil devido ao rebrote. O trabalho teve como objetivo acompanhar a fenologia e avaliar as características de crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas de língua-de-vaca em ambiente não competitivo. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, após as sementes terem germinado em câmara BOD, as plântulas foram transplantadas para vasos preenchidos com Cambissolo Háplico. Foram realizadas análises destrutivas aos 0, 33, 94, 124, 156, 186 e 215 dias após o transplantio (DAT). As plantas foram coletadas separando a parte aérea do sistema radicular e da inflorescência, cada parte da planta foi levada à estufa de secagem por circulação forçada de ar para posterior determinação da massa seca. Observou-se que as plantas de língua-de-vaca apresentam crescimento inicial bastante lento. A distribuição da massa seca total foi de 56,8% do total acumulado no sistema radicular, seguido pela inflorescência (31,6%) e parte aérea (11,6%). O número médio de sementes produzidas foi de 3.406 (± 389) por plantas.

Broad-leaved dock is a perennial weed, which infests mainly pastures, annual crops and perennials in the Southern of Brazil. Because it is a perennial plant, control becomes more difficult due to regrowth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and development characteristics of cow-tongue plants in a non-competitive environment. The objective of this work was to monitor phenology and to evaluate the growth and development characteristics of broad-leaved dock plants in the non-competitive environment. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, after the seeds germinated in the BOD chamber, the seedlings were transplanted to pots filled with Cambisol Haplic. Destructive analyzes were performed at 0, 33, 94, 124, 156, 186 and 215 days after transplanting (DAT). The plants were collected separating the aerial part of the root system and the inflorescence, each part of the plant was taken to the drying oven by forced circulation of air for later determination of the dry mass. It was observed that the broad-leaved dock plants present initial growth rather slow. The total dry mass distribution was 56.8% of the total accumulated in the root system, followed by inflorescence (31.6%) and shoot (11.6%). The average number of seeds produced was 3,406 (± 389) per plant.ien

Assuntos

RESUMO

A língua-de-vaca é uma planta daninha perene, que infesta principalmente pastagens, lavouras anuais e perenes na região Sul do Brasil. Por ser uma planta perene, o controle se torna mais difícil devido ao rebrote. O trabalho teve como objetivo acompanhar a fenologia e avaliar as características de crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas de língua-de-vaca em ambiente não competitivo. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, após as sementes terem germinado em câmara BOD, as plântulas foram transplantadas para vasos preenchidos com Cambissolo Háplico. Foram realizadas análises destrutivas aos 0, 33, 94, 124, 156, 186 e 215 dias após o transplantio (DAT). As plantas foram coletadas separando a parte aérea do sistema radicular e da inflorescência, cada parte da planta foi levada à estufa de secagem por circulação forçada de ar para posterior determinação da massa seca. Observou-se que as plantas de língua-de-vaca apresentam crescimento inicial bastante lento. A distribuição da massa seca total foi de 56,8% do total acumulado no sistema radicular, seguido pela inflorescência (31,6%) e parte aérea (11,6%). O número médio de sementes produzidas foi de 3.406 (± 389) por plantas.(AU)

Broad-leaved dock is a perennial weed, which infests mainly pastures, annual crops and perennials in the Southern of Brazil. Because it is a perennial plant, control becomes more difficult due to regrowth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and development characteristics of cow-tongue plants in a non-competitive environment. The objective of this work was to monitor phenology and to evaluate the growth and development characteristics of broad-leaved dock plants in the non-competitive environment. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, after the seeds germinated in the BOD chamber, the seedlings were transplanted to pots filled with Cambisol Haplic. Destructive analyzes were performed at 0, 33, 94, 124, 156, 186 and 215 days after transplanting (DAT). The plants were collected separating the aerial part of the root system and the inflorescence, each part of the plant was taken to the drying oven by forced circulation of air for later determination of the dry mass. It was observed that the broad-leaved dock plants present initial growth rather slow. The total dry mass distribution was 56.8% of the total accumulated in the root system, followed by inflorescence (31.6%) and shoot (11.6%). The average number of seeds produced was 3,406 (± 389) per plant.(AU)ien

Assuntos

RESUMO

Persicaria maculosa (Polygonaceae) (known as lady's thumb) is an annual morphologically variable weed that is widely distributed in Chile. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antifeedant potential of methanolic (MeOH), ethanolic (EtOH), and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts from the aerial parts of this plant collected in the Valparaíso and Curicó provinces (Chile) and relate this activity to the antioxidant capacity and the presence of phenolic compounds in the extracts. A phenolic profile based on HPLC-ESI-MS/MS allowed the identification of 26 phenolic compounds, most of them glycosyl derivatives of isorhamnetin, quercetin, and kaempferol. In addition, the total phenolic content (TP), total flavonoids (TF), and antioxidant activity measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide anion scavenging (O2-), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) of the extracts are reported. The antifeedant potentials of the plant extracts were tested against Epilachna paenulata, Pseudaletia adultera, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, and Diaphorina citri insects for the first time. The activity against the aphid M. euphorbiae was significant for the DCM extracts of plants from Valparaíso and Curicó (settling % = 23% ± 4% and 23% ± 5%, respectively). The antifeedant activities against the beetle E. paenulata and the lepidoptera P. adultera were significant for Valparaíso extracts, especially when tested against E. Paenulata (IFP = 1.0 ± 0.0). Finally, the MeOH and EtOH extracts from Valparaíso plants reduced the diet consumption of the psilid D. citri (p < 0.05). The results showed that P. maculosa is a good source of flavonoids with some antioxidant capacities and has potential interest as botanical eco-friendly alternative with deterrent activity.

Assuntos

RESUMO

To examine whether cultivation reduced genetic variation in the important Chinese medicinal plant Rheum tanguticum, the levels and distribution of genetic variation were investigated using ISSR markers. Fifty-eight R. tanguticum individuals from five cultivated populations were studied. Thirteen primers were used and a total of 320 DNA bands were scored. High levels of genetic diversity were detected in cultivated R. tanguticum (PPB = 82.19, H = 0.2498, HB = 0.3231, I = 0.3812) and could be explained by the outcrossing system, as well as long-lived and human-mediated seed exchanges. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that more genetic variation was found within populations (76.1%) than among them (23.9%). This was supported by the coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst = 0.2742) and Bayesian analysis (θ B = 0.1963). The Mantel test revealed no significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances among populations (r = 0.1176, p = 0.3686). UPGMA showed that the five cultivated populations were separated into three clusters, which was in good accordance with the results provided by the Bayesian software STRUCTURE (K = 3). A short domestication history and no artificial selection may be an effective way of maintaining and conserving the gene pools of wild R. tanguticum.

RESUMO

The common everyday use of medicinal plants is an ancient, and still very widespread practice, whereby the need for studies on their possible toxicity and mutagenic properties. The species Coccoloba mollis has been much used in phytotherapy, mainly in cases involving loss of memory and stress. In order to investigate its genotoxic and mutagenic potential, ethanolic extracts from the leaves and roots underwent Salmonella/microsome assaying (TA98 and TA100 strains, with and without exogenous metabolism - S9), besides comet and micronucleus tests in vivo.There was no significant increase in the number of revertants/plate of Salmonella strains in any of the analyzed root-extract concentrations, although the extract itself was extremely toxic to the Salmonella TA98 strain in the tests carried out with S9 (doses varying from 0.005 to 0.5 µg/plate). On the other hand, the leaf-extract induced mutations in the TA98 strain in the absence of S9 in the highest concentration evaluated, although at very low mutagenic potency (0.004 rev/ µg). Furthermore, there was no statistically significant increase in the number of comets and micronuclei, in treatments involving Swiss mice. It was obvious that extracts of Coccoloba mollis, under the described experimental conditions, are not mutagenic.

RESUMO

The common everyday use of medicinal plants is an ancient, and still very widespread practice, whereby the need for studies on their possible toxicity and mutagenic properties. The species Coccoloba mollis has been much used in phytotherapy, mainly in cases involving loss of memory and stress. In order to investigate its genotoxic and mutagenic potential, ethanolic extracts from the leaves and roots underwent Salmonella/microsome assaying (TA98 and TA100 strains, with and without exogenous metabolism - S9), besides comet and micronucleus tests in vivo.There was no significant increase in the number of revertants/plate of Salmonella strains in any of the analyzed root-extract concentrations, although the extract itself was extremely toxic to the Salmonella TA98 strain in the tests carried out with S9 (doses varying from 0.005 to 0.5 µg/plate). On the other hand, the leaf-extract induced mutations in the TA98 strain in the absence of S9 in the highest concentration evaluated, although at very low mutagenic potency (0.004 rev/µg). Furthermore, there was no statistically significant increase in the number of comets and micronuclei, in treatments involving Swiss mice. It was obvious that extracts of Coccoloba mollis, under the described experimental conditions, are not mutagenic.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Polygonum hydropiperoides Michaux é uma espécie conhecida popularmente como "erva-de-bicho", amplamente utilizada na medicina tradicional como anti-hemorroidal, antiinflamatória e antidiarréica. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a caracterização anatômica e histoquímica da folha, caule e raiz, que constituem a droga vegetal, visando estabelecer parâmetros para o controle de qualidade. O material vegetal foi fixado e submetido às técnicas usuais de microscopia de luz e aos testes histoquímicos. A folha é anfiestomática, dorsiventral e com estômatos paracíticos e anisocíticos. É comum a presença de estruturas secretoras como: tricomas glandulares capitados e glândulas epidérmicas e subepidérmicas em ambas as faces da lâmina foliar e também no caule. O material secretado pelas glândulas apresenta composição heterogênea de lipídios e flavonóides, segundo análises histoquímicas. Cristais de oxalato de cálcio e grãos de amido são freqüentes em células parenquimáticas da folha e do caule. Compostos fenólicos estão presentes na folha (parênquima paliçádico), no caule (parênquima cortical e floema) e na raiz (parênquima cortical).

P. hydropiperoides is popularly known as "erva-de-bicho", and it is used in traditional medicine as anti-hemorroidal, anti-inflammatory and antidiarrhoeic. The present work has as objective the anatomical and histochemical characterization of leaf, stem and root that are used as drug in order to offer elements for quality control. The botanical material was prepared for the usual optical and histochemical microtechniques. The leaf is amphistomatic, dorsiventral and paracytic and anisocytic stomata. It is common to find the presence of secretory structures as: capitate glandular trichomes and secretory glands on both epidermis, that are also present in stem. The secretion material is heterogeneous composition of lipids and flavonoids. Druses of calcium oxalate and starch are common in parenchyma cells of leaf and stem. Phenolic compounds are present in leaf (palisade parenchyma), in stem (cortical parenchyma and phloem) and root (cortical parenchyma).

RESUMO

The antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties of the extracts of P. barbatum (L.) Hara var. barbata, Polygonaceae, at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, were evaluated in mice/rat models using, respectively, the acetic-acid-induced writhing method, the carrageenan-induced edema test and the Lipschitz method. In the acetic-acid-induced writhing test in mice, all extracts displayed a dose dependent analgesic effect. The most potent analgesic activity was observed with the petroleum ether extract at the dose of 400 mg/kg body weight with an inhibition of writhing response 46.8 percent compared to 62.2 percent for the positive control aminopyrine. Petroleum ether extract at the dose of 400 mg/kg body weight also displayed the highest levels of anti-inflammatory activity after 2 h with the 39.3 percent inhibition of paw edema, and this effect was better than the effect observed by the conventional anti-inflammatory agent phenylbutazone (maximum inhibition of 38.3 percent after 4 h). All extracts increased urine volume in a dose-dependent manner, and the ethyl acetate extract showed a significant level of diuresis comparable to that of the standard diuretic agent furosemide.

As propriedades antinociceptiva, antiinflamatória e diurética dos extratos de P. barbatum (L.) Hara var. barbata, Polygonaceae, nas doses de 200 e 400 mg/kg de peso corpóreo foram avaliadas em modelos utilizando camundongos/ratos, respectivamente, o método de contorções induzidas por ácido acético, o teste de edema induzido por carragenina e o método de Lipschitz. No método de contorções induzidas por ácido acetic, todos os extratos apresentaram efeito nociceptivo dose dependente. O efeito nociceptivo mais potente foi observado com o extrato de éter de petróleo na dose de 400 mg/kg com uma inibição das contorções de 46,8 por cento comparado com o controle positivo de aminopirina de 62,2 por cento. O extrato de éter de petróleo na dose de 400 mg/kg também mostrou maior atividade antiinflammatoria após 2 h com 39,3 por cento de inibição do edema de pata, e este efeito foi maior que o observado para o agente antiinflamatório convencional fenilbutazona (inibição máxima de 38,4 por cento após 4 h). Todos os extratos aumentaram o volume de urina de maneira dose dependente e o extrato acetato de etila mostrou um nível de significância de diurese comparável ao agente diurético padrão, furosemida.

RESUMO

O estudo químico das frações neutra em hexano das folhas e em diclorometano do caule de Coccoloba mollis resultou no isolamento de um triterpeno pentacíclico (simiarenol), que pela primeira vez ocorre em Polygonaceae, dois fitoesteróides (sitostenona e sitosterol), um diterpeno (trans-fitol) e de um benzenóide (ácido vanílico) que está sendo descrito pela vez neste gênero. A identificação estrutural destes compostos foi feita com base na análise dos dados espectrais (IV, EM e RMN, incluindo DEPT e HMQC), bem como pela comparação com dados descritos na literatura.

This work describes the isolation of a pentacyclic triterpene (simiarenol), described for the first time in this family, two phytosteroids (sitostenone and sitosterol), a diterpene (trans-phytol) and a benzenoid (vanillic acid), described for the first time in this genus, from leaves and stem of Coccoloba mollis. These compounds were identified on basis of their spectral data (IR, MS and NMR, including DEPT and HMQC), as well as by comparison with literature data.

RESUMO

The genus Coccoloba is represented in Brazilian Amazonia by twenty three species: Coccoloba acuminata Kunth, C. arborescens (Vell.) R. A. Howard, C. ascendens Duss ex Lindau, C. brasiliensis Nees & Mart., C. charitostachya Standl., C. conduplicata Maguire, C. coronata Jacq., C. declinata (Vell.) Mart., C. densifrons Mart. ex Meisn., C. excelsa Benth., C. gentryi R. A. Howard, C. latifolia Lam., C. lehmannii Lindau, C. lucidula Benth., C. marginata Benth., C. mollis Casar., C. ovata Benth., C. paraensis Meisn., C. parimensis Benth., C. ramosissima Wedd., C. savannarum Standl., C. striata Benth., and C. tenuiflora Lindau. Among that only C. paraensis occurs exclusively in Brazilian Amazonia. C. charitostachya, C. conduplicata, C. coronata, C. gentryi, C. lehmanni and C. savannarum are cited for the first time in Brazil. The major characters of taxonomic relevance are the petiole position in relation to ochrea, the inflorescence ramification, the relative dimensions of bracts and ochreolae, the fruiting perianth and pericarp characters. An identification key, descriptions, and illustrations are given for all taxa, as well as comments about geographic distribution, habitats and phenological dates.

O gênero Coccoloba está representado na Amazônia brasileira por 23 espécies: Coccoloba acuminata Kunth, C. arborescens (Vell.) R. A. Howard, C. ascendens Duss ex Lindau, C. brasiliensis Nees & Mart., C. charitostachya Standl., C. conduplicata Maguire, C. coronata Jacq., C. declinata (Vell.) Mart., C. densifrons Mart. ex Meisn., C. excelsa Benth., C. gentryi R. A. Howard, C. latifolia Lam., C. lehmannii Lindau, C. lucidula Benth., C. marginata Benth., C. mollis Casar., C. ovata Benth., C. paraensis Meisn., C. parimensis Benth., C. ramosissima Wedd., C. savannarum Standl., C. striata Benth. e C. tenuiflora Lindau, dentre as quais apenas C. paraensis ocorre exclusivamente na Amazônia brasileira, C. charitostachya, C. conduplicata, C. coronata, C. gentryi, C. lehmanni e C. savannarum, são citadas pela primeira vez para o Brasil. As características de maior relevância taxonômica são a posição do pecíolo em relação à ócrea, ramificação da inflorescência, tamanhos relativos das brácteas e ocréolas, perianto frutífero e pericarpo. São apresentadas chaves de identificação, descrições e ilustrações, bem como comentários sobre a distribuição geográfica, hábitats e dados fenológicos para todas as espécies estudadas.

RESUMO

O gênero Coccoloba está representado na Amazônia brasileira por 23 espécies: Coccoloba acuminata Kunth, C. arborescens (Vell.) R. A. Howard, C. ascendens Duss ex Lindau, C. brasiliensis Nees & Mart., C. charitostachya Standl., C. conduplicata Maguire, C. coronata Jacq., C. declinata (Vell.) Mart., C. densifrons Mart. ex Meisn., C. excelsa Benth., C. gentryi R. A. Howard, C. latifolia Lam., C. lehmannii Lindau, C. lucidula Benth., C. marginata Benth., C. mollis Casar., C. ovata Benth., C. paraensis Meisn., C. parimensis Benth., C. ramosissima Wedd., C. savannarum Standl., C. striata Benth. e C. tenuiflora Lindau, dentre as quais apenas C. paraensis ocorre exclusivamente na Amazônia brasileira, C. charitostachya, C. conduplicata, C. coronata, C. gentryi, C. lehmanni e C. savannarum, são citadas pela primeira vez para o Brasil. As características de maior relevância taxonômica são a posição do pecíolo em relação à ócrea, ramificação da inflorescência, tamanhos relativos das brácteas e ocréolas, perianto frutífero e pericarpo. São apresentadas chaves de identificação, descrições e ilustrações, bem como comentários sobre a distribuição geográfica, hábitats e dados fenológicos para todas as espécies estudadas.

The genus Coccoloba is represented in Brazilian Amazonia by twenty three species: Coccoloba acuminata Kunth, C. arborescens (Vell.) R. A. Howard, C. ascendens Duss ex Lindau, C. brasiliensis Nees & Mart., C. charitostachya Standl., C. conduplicata Maguire, C. coronata Jacq., C. declinata (Vell.) Mart., C. densifrons Mart. ex Meisn., C. excelsa Benth., C. gentryi R. A. Howard, C. latifolia Lam., C. lehmannii Lindau, C. lucidula Benth., C. marginata Benth., C. mollis Casar., C. ovata Benth., C. paraensis Meisn., C. parimensis Benth., C. ramosissima Wedd., C. savannarum Standl., C. striata Benth., and C. tenuiflora Lindau. Among that only C. paraensis occurs exclusively in Brazilian Amazonia. C. charitostachya, C. conduplicata, C. coronata, C. gentryi, C. lehmanni and C. savannarum are cited for the first time in Brazil. The major characters of taxonomic relevance are the petiole position in relation to ochrea, the inflorescence ramification, the relative dimensions of bracts and ochreolae, the fruiting perianth and pericarp characters. An identification key, descriptions, and illustrations are given for all taxa, as well as comments about geographic distribution, habitats and phenological dates.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The genus Coccoloba is represented in Brazilian Amazonia by twenty three species: Coccoloba acuminata Kunth, C. arborescens (Vell.) R. A. Howard, C. ascendens Duss ex Lindau, C. brasiliensis Nees & Mart., C. charitostachya Standl., C. conduplicata Maguire, C. coronata Jacq., C. declinata (Vell.) Mart., C. densifrons Mart. ex Meisn., C. excelsa Benth., C. gentryi R. A. Howard, C. latifolia Lam., C. lehmannii Lindau, C. lucidula Benth., C. marginata Benth., C. mollis Casar., C. ovata Benth., C. paraensis Meisn., C. parimensis Benth., C. ramosissima Wedd., C. savannarum Standl., C. striata Benth., and C. tenuiflora Lindau. Among that only C. paraensis occurs exclusively in Brazilian Amazonia. C. charitostachya, C. conduplicata, C. coronata, C. gentryi, C. lehmanni and C. savannarum are cited for the first time in Brazil. The major characters of taxonomic relevance are the petiole position in relation to ochrea, the inflorescence ramification, the relative dimensions of bracts and ochreolae, the fruiting perianth and pericarp characters. An identification key, descriptions, and illustrations are given for all taxa, as well as comments about geographic distribution, habitats and phenological dates.

O gênero Coccoloba está representado na Amazônia brasileira por 23 espécies: Coccoloba acuminata Kunth, C. arborescens (Vell.) R. A. Howard, C. ascendens Duss ex Lindau, C. brasiliensis Nees & Mart., C. charitostachya Standl., C. conduplicata Maguire, C. coronata Jacq., C. declinata (Vell.) Mart., C. densifrons Mart. ex Meisn., C. excelsa Benth., C. gentryi R. A. Howard, C. latifolia Lam., C. lehmannii Lindau, C. lucidula Benth., C. marginata Benth., C. mollis Casar., C. ovata Benth., C. paraensis Meisn., C. parimensis Benth., C. ramosissima Wedd., C. savannarum Standl., C. striata Benth. e C. tenuiflora Lindau, dentre as quais apenas C. paraensis ocorre exclusivamente na Amazônia brasileira, C. charitostachya, C. conduplicata, C. coronata, C. gentryi, C. lehmanni e C. savannarum, são citadas pela primeira vez para o Brasil. As características de maior relevância taxonômica são a posição do pecíolo em relação à ócrea, ramificação da inflorescência, tamanhos relativos das brácteas e ocréolas, perianto frutífero e pericarpo. São apresentadas chaves de identificação, descrições e ilustrações, bem como comentários sobre a distribuição geográfica, hábitats e dados fenológicos para todas as espécies estudadas.