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The procedure followed by the Nuclear Metrology Laboratory (LMN) at the IPEN for the primary standardization of a (243Am + 239Np) solution, in secular equilibrium, is described. The measurement was carried out in a 4π(PC) (α,ß)-γ coincidence system. The total activity per unit mass of the solution was determined by the extrapolation technique, using a software coincidence counting systsem. The extrapolation curves were compared with Monte Carlo calculations by means of Code ESQUEMA, used in previous works, which, was improved and applied in order to calculate the alpha, beta, gamma, X-rays and coincidence spectra.
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Biodegradable polymers have been strongly recognized as an alternative to replace traditional petrochemical plastics, which have become a global problem due to their long persistence in the environment. In this work, the effect of the addition of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NP) on the morphology, physicochemical properties and biodegradation under industrial composting conditions of cassava starch-based nanocomposites obtained by extrusion at different screw speeds (80 and 120 rpm) were investigated. Films performed at 120 rpm (S120 and S120-TiO2NP) showed completely processed starch and homogeneously distributed nanoparticles, leading to much more flexible nanocomposites than those obtained at 80 rpm. The incorporation of TiO2NP led to an increase in storage modulus of all films and, in the case of S120-TiO2NP, to higher strain at break values. From the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts theoretical model (KWW), an increase in the relaxation time of the nanocomposites was observed due to a decrease in the number of polymer chains involved in the relaxation process. Additionally, S120-TiO2NP showed effective protection against UV light, greater hydrophobicity and faster biodegradation in compost, resulting in a promising material for food packaging applications.
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Introduction: Gram-negative bacilli, both enterobacteria and nonfermenters, are the main responsible for infections in snakes, and have been presenting an increasing number of multiresistant antimicrobial isolates, through the production of beta- lactamases and other mechanisms, in addition to the ability to form a biofilm. Objectives: This work aimed to realize the microbiological diagnosis of bacteria strains isolated from snakes, to verify the sensitivity profile to antimicrobials and the ability to form a biofilm; as well as to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of selected strains against gentamicin and the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles. Methodology: Identification tests were carried out on 37 bacterial strains, followed by disc-diffusion antibiogram tests and disc-approximation tests with antibiotics on representative strains. Biofilm formation was verified by staining with crystal violet, in addition to the minimum inhibitory concentration of gentamicin and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles. Results and discussion: The isolates showed high sensitivity to Aztreonam, Ceftazedime, Cefepime, Ertapenem, Gentamicin and Levofloxacin (72,9% a 97,22%), with lower susceptibility to: Imipinem, Cefotaxin and Tetraciclin (56,75% a 65,16%). Five strains (13,5%) showed multidrug resistance and 91.67% of the 12 tested clinical strains were producers of extended spectrum beta lactamase. The nanoparticles showed bacteriostatic as well as bactericidal potential, in addition to inhibiting biofilm formation in approximately 77.77% of the tested strains. These results demonstrate the variation in the pattern of resistance, ranging from a high level of sensitivity to multidrug-resistant strains. Biofilm formation capacity is an important factor for bacterial persistence in the host and in the environment, and resistance to antibiotics. Conclusion: Monitoring antibiotic resistance provides data for more appropriate antibiotic therapy and resistance control in infections caused by Gram-negative bacilli. Silver nanoparticles were effective in inducing bacterial death and inhibiting biofilm formation in most of the tested strains, proving to be an important treatment alternative.
Introdução: Bacilos gram-negativos, tanto enterobactérias como não fermentadores são os principais responsáveis por infecções em serpentes, e vêm apresentando um número crescente de isolados multirresistentes a antimicrobianos, através da produção de beta-lactamases e de outros mecanismos, além da capacidade de formação de biofilme. Objetivos: Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar o diagnóstico microbiológico de amostras de bactérias isoladas de serpentes, verificar o perfil de sensibilidade a antimicrobianos e a capacidade de formação de biofilme; assim como determinar a concentração inibitória mínima de cepas selecionadas frente à gentamicina e a atividade antimicrobiana de nanopartículas de prata. Metodologia: Foram realizados testes de identificação de 37 amostras bacterianas, posteriormente os testes de antibiograma por disco-difusão e de disco-aproximação com antibióticos de amostras representativas. Foi verificada a formação de biofilme através da coloração com cristal violeta, além da concentração inibitória mínima de gentamicina e atividade antimicrobiana de nanopartículas de prata. Resultados e Discussão: Os isolados apresentaram alta sensibilidade a Aztreonam, Ceftazedime, Cefepime, Ertapenem, Gentamicina e Levofloxacin (72,9% a 97,22%), apresentando menor suscetibilidade a: Imipinem, Cefotaxin e Tetraciclina (56,75% a 65,16%). Cinco cepas (13,5%) apresentaram multirresistência e 91,67% de 12 amostras clínicas testadas se apresentaram como produtoras de beta lactamases de espectro estendido. As nanopartículas apresentaram potencial bacteriostático, tanto quanto bactericida, além de inibir a formação de biofilme em aproximadamente 77,77% das amostras retestadas. Esses resultados demonstram a variação no padrão de resistência, apresentando desde alto nível de sensibilidade até cepas multirresistentes. A capacidade de formação de biofilme é um fator importante para a persistência bacteriana no hospedeiro e no ambiente, e a resistência a antibióticos. Conclusão: O monitoramento da resistência aos antibióticos fornece dados para antibioticoterapia mais adequada e controle da resistência em infecções causadas por bacilos Gram-negativos. As nanopartículas de prata foram eficazes ao induzir morte bacteriana, e inibir a formação de biofilme na maioria das amostras testadas, mostrando-se uma importante alternativa de tratamento.
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Since the number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections is growing and cases are getting worse every year, the search for new alternative bactericidal wound dressing treatments is becoming crucial. Within this context, the use of polysaccharides from plants and seeds in innovative biopolymer technologies is of key importance. In this work, bio-nano-composite guar gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) membranes loaded with aluminum-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles were produced via electrospinning. Citric acid was added to the mixture to increase spinnability. However, depending on the pH, zinc oxide nanoparticles are partially dissociated, decreasing their bactericidal efficiency. Thus, a second successful alkaline thermo-chemical regrowth step was added to the process to treat the obtained fibers. This alkaline thermo-chemical treatment reconstituted both the nanoparticles and their bactericidal properties. The Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial assay results show that the membranes obtained after the alkaline thermo-chemical treatment presented a 57% increase in growth inhibition.
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The harmful microalgae Gymnodinium catenatum is a unique naked dinoflagellate that produces paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins (PSTs). This species is common along the coasts of the Mexican Pacific and is responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning, which has resulted in notable financial losses in both fisheries and aquaculture. In the Gulf of California, G. catenatum has been related to mass mortality events in fish, shrimp, seabirds, and marine mammals. In this study, the growth, toxin profiles, and toxin content of four G. catenatum strains isolated from Bahía de La Paz (BAPAZ) and Bahía de Mazatlán (BAMAZ) were evaluated with different N:P ratios, keeping the phosphorus concentration constant. All strains were cultivated in semi-continuous cultures (200 mL, 21.0 °C, 120 µmol photon m-2s-1, and a 12:12 h light-dark cycle) with f/2 + Se medium using N:P ratios of: 4:1, 8:1, 16:1, 32:1, and 64:1. Paralytic toxins were analyzed by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Maximum cellular abundance and growth were obtained at an N:P ratio of 64:1 (3188 cells mL-1 and 0.34 div day-1) with the BAMAZ and BAPAZ strains. A total of ten saxitoxin analogs dominated by N-sulfocarbamoyl (60-90 mol%), decarbamoyl (10-20 mol%), and carbamoyl (5-10 mol%) toxins were detected. The different N:P ratios did not cause significant changes in the PST content or toxin profiles of the strains from both bays, although they did affect cell abundance.
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Dinoflagellida , Intoxicação por Frutos do Mar , Toxinas Biológicas , Animais , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Mamíferos , Saxitoxina/análiseRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Scarce information is available regarding the long-term immunogenicity of the Sputnik V vaccine. Here Sputnik V vaccinated subjects were evaluated 6 months after receiving the 2-dose prime-boost schedule. METHODS: Eighty-six hospital workers from Venezuela, 32 with a previous COVID-19 infection and 54 SARS-CoV-2 naïve subjects, were enrolled. IgG antibodies levels against the wild-type Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) were measured in an ELISA and with an in vitro ACE2-surrogate RBD binding inhibition assay at day 42 and day 180 after receiving the second dose. IgG levels were expressed in BAU/ml. Binding inhibition antibodies were expressed in IU/ml. RESULTS: On average, RBD-IgG levels decreased by approximately 50% between the two time-points in the COVID-19 naïve cohort (geometric mean concentration (GMC) 675 BAU/mL vs. 327 BAU/ml) and decreased by approximately 25% in the previously infected cohort (GMC 1209 BAU/mL vs 910 BAU/ml). Within our cohort, 94% showed a "good to excellent" neutralizing activity measured with the in vitro test 6 months after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: The Sputnik V vaccine provided long-term and durable humoral immunity in our cohort specially if a person has been both vaccinated and had a previous infection with SARS-CoV-2.
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COVID-19 , Vacinas Virais , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais , Formação de Anticorpos , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Pessoal de Saúde , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , SARS-CoV-2 , Vacinação , VenezuelaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Echinodorus macrophyllus (Kunth.) Micheli is popularly used for acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. The anti-inflammatory activity was previously demonstrated for its flavonoid-enriched fractions. The aim of this work assessed the antinociceptive properties of both aqueous extract and its fractions. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE: The antinociceptive activity was determined by acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin test, tail immersion test, hot-plate test, xylene-induced ear edema methods, and the evaluation of its mechanism was performed in the writhing model. The aqueous extract of Echinodorus macrophyllus (AEEm) was fractionated, yielding Fr20, and Fr40. Fr40 composition was determined by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Fr20 (all doses) and Fr40 (100 mg/kg) reduced the nociception in the tail-flick model. Both fractions increased the percentage of maximum possible effect with 25 mg/kg, in the hot-plate assay, at 60 min, while AEEm reduced pain only with 50 and 100 mg/kg. There was a reduction in xylene-edema index, with Fr40 (25 mg/kg), AEEm (50 mg/kg) and Fr20 (50 mg/kg). All doses of AEEm, Fr20, and Fr40 reduced both phases of the formalin model. In the abdominal contortion model, Fr40 presented the highest activity, reducing 96% of contortions and its antinociceptive mechanism was evaluated. The results indicated the involvement of NO and adrenergic activation pathways. The main components of Fr40 are swertisin, swertiajaponin, isoorientin 7,3'-dimethyl ether, swertisin-O-rhamnoside, isoorientin, isovitexin, isovitexin-Orhamnoside, and isovitexin-7-O-glucoside. The aqueous extract of E. macrophyllus leaves and its fractions exhibited significant analgesic effect, mediated through both peripheral and central mechanisms being considered a potentially antinociceptive drug.
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Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative inherited genetic disorder, which leads to the onset of motor, neuropsychiatric and cognitive disturbances. HD is characterized by the loss of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs). To date, there is no treatment for HD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide a substantial therapeutic opportunity for the HD treatment. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic potential of human immature dental pulp stem cells (hIDPSC), a special type of MSC originated from the neural crest, for HD treatment. Two different doses of hIDPSC were intravenously administrated in a subacute 3-nitropropionic acid (3NP)-induced rat model. We demonstrated hIDPSC homing in the striatum, cortex and subventricular zone using specific markers for human cells. Thirty days after hIDPSC administration, the cells found in the brain are still express hallmarks of undifferentiated MSC. Immunohistochemistry quantities analysis revealed a significant increase in the number of BDNF, DARPP32 and D2R positive stained cells in the striatum and cortex in the groups that received hIDPSC. The differences were more expressive in animals that received only one administration of hIDPSC. Altogether, these data suggest that the intravenous administration of hIDPSCs can restore the BDNF, DARPP32 and D2R expression, promoting neuroprotection and neurogenesis.
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Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo , Fosfoproteína 32 Regulada por cAMP e Dopamina , Doença de Huntington , Transplante de Células-Tronco , Células-Tronco , Animais , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/genética , Polpa Dentária/citologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Fosfoproteína 32 Regulada por cAMP e Dopamina/genética , Humanos , Doença de Huntington/genética , Doença de Huntington/terapia , Infusões Intravenosas , Ratos , Células-Tronco/citologiaRESUMO
Introducción: El Proceso de Atención de Enfermería (PAE) constituye la herramienta metodológica de cuidado; su enseñanza y aplicación en los campos educativo y laboral requiere una formación teórico-práctica, crítica y reflexiva que posibilite al estudiante y profesional otorgar un cuidado autónomo y delimitado, confiriéndole identidad y liderazgo. Resulta pertinente comprender el importante significado de su enseñanza a la luz del concepto de cotidianidad propuesto por Henri Lefebvre. Objetivo: Analizar el significado del PAE desde la enseñanza cotidiana de los profesores de enfermería. Métodos: Fue realizado un estudio cualitativo y descriptivo a diecisiete docentes enfermeras(os) con estudios de licenciatura y posgrado en instituciones educativas de la UNAM. Se recolectó información a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a profundidad, y se llevó a cabo un análisis temático del discurso para estudiar los datos. El trabajo se apegó a criterios de ética, rigor científico y consentimiento informado. Resultados parciales / discusión: 1a Categoría: enseñanza simbólico-verbalística. 2a Categoría: enseñanza desvinculada de un marco teórico-disciplinario, en este aspecto se concuerda con Abascal R. acerca de la necesidad de asentar la enseñanza del PAE sobre bases filosóficas y éticas, y no sólo como etapas; asimismo se coincide con Souza, pues enfatiza que, para llevar a cabo un PAE eficiente, se requiere de una teoría de enfermería. Conclusiones: La enseñanza del PAE requiere por parte de los docentes identidad, conocimiento teórico-disciplinar y experiencia en su aplicación, para proyectarla como una herramienta metodológica del cuidado de enfermería y así otorgar un cuidado profesional delimitado y autónomo.
Introduction. The Nursing Process (NP) constitutes the methodological tool of care; its teaching and application in educational and professional fields requires a theoretical-practical, critical and reflective training that enables the student and practitioners to grant autonomous and delimited care, conferring identity and leadership. It is relevant to understand the importance of the NP teaching according to everyday life concept proposed by Henri Lefebvre. Goal: To analyze the meaning of the NP from the daily teaching of nursing professors' perspective. Methods: A descriptive and qualitative study was carried out to 17 nurse professors with undergraduate and postgraduate studies at UNAM. Information was collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, and a thematic discourse analysis was made in order to study the obtained data. The work adhered to criteria of ethics, scientific rigor and informed consent. Partial results / discussion: 1st Category: Symbolic and verbal teaching. 2nd Category: Teaching unrelated to theoretical-disciplinary framework; which coincides with Abascal R about the need to base the NP teaching on philosophical and ethical principles, instead of stages; it also agrees with Souza, since he emphasizes that a nursing theory is required to carry out an efficient NP. Conclusions: Teaching of the NP requires identity, disciplinary-theoretical knowledge and practical experience from teachers, in order to constitute a methodological tool of nursing care and to provide delimited and autonomous professional care.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Docentes de Enfermagem , EnsinoRESUMO
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative inherited genetic disorder, which leads to the onset of motor, neuropsychiatric and cognitive disturbances. HD is characterized by the loss of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs). To date, there is no treatment for HD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide a substantial therapeutic opportunity for the HD treatment. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic potential of human immature dental pulp stem cells (hIDPSC), a special type of MSC originated from the neural crest, for HD treatment. Two different doses of hIDPSC were intravenously administrated in a subacute 3-nitropropionic acid (3NP)-induced rat model. We demonstrated hIDPSC homing in the striatum, cortex and subventricular zone using specific markers for human cells. Thirty days after hIDPSC administration, the cells found in the brain are still express hallmarks of undifferentiated MSC. Immunohistochemistry quantities analysis revealed a significant increase in the number of BDNF, DARPP32 and D2R positive stained cells in the striatum and cortex in the groups that received hIDPSC. The differences were more expressive in animals that received only one administration of hIDPSC. Altogether, these data suggest that the intravenous administration of hIDPSCs can restore the BDNF, DARPP32 and D2R expression, promoting neuroprotection and neurogenesis.
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INTRODUCTION: We evaluated the immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibody response against the nucleocapsid protein (NP) and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 in a cohort of 86 individuals in Venezuela, before and after receiving the Sputnik V vaccine. METHODS: Antibody responses against NP and RBD were determined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay just before, 3 weeks after the first, and 6 weeks after the second dose of the vaccine. RESULTS: Before vaccination, 59 individuals were seronegative, and 27 seropositive for NP and/or RBD. Of the seronegative cohort, 42% did not develop an IgG immune response against RBD after the first vaccine dose, but 100% had a strong IgG response after 2 doses. All seropositive individuals developed a strong IgG antibody response against RBD after the first vaccine dose, with antibody levels â¼40% higher than seronegative individuals who had received 2 doses. Previously seropositive subjects showed no significant increase in IgG antibody response against RBD after the second vaccine dose. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that 2 doses of the Sputnik V vaccine triggered antibody response in all study individuals. The second Sputnik V dose had no impact on IgG response for those seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 antigens before vaccination.
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COVID-19 , Vacinas , Anticorpos Antivirais , Formação de Anticorpos , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
In this study, we analyzed 340 whole genomes of SARS-CoV-2, which were sampled between April and November 2020 in 33 cities of Rio Grande do Sul, South Brazil. We demonstrated the circulation of two novel emergent lineages, VUI-NP13L and VUI-NP13L-like, and five major lineages that had already been assigned (B.1.1.33, B.1.1.28, P.2, B.1.91, B.1.195). P.2 and VUI-NP13L demonstrated a massive spread in October 2020. Constant and consistent genomic surveillance is crucial to identify newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Brazil and to guide decision making in the Brazilian Public Healthcare System.
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COVID-19/virologia , SARS-CoV-2/classificação , SARS-CoV-2/isolamento & purificação , Brasil/epidemiologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Variação Genética , Genoma Viral , Humanos , Filogenia , SARS-CoV-2/genéticaRESUMO
Detection of polymyxins susceptibility is challenging. We aimed to evaluate Rapid Polymyxin NP from colonies (NP-colony) and directly from positive blood bottles (NP-bottle), using polymyxin B instead of colistin among Enterobacterales. Both had similar and acceptable accuracy. This is the first study performing NP-bottle using polymyxin B instead of colistin.
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Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Enterobacteriaceae/efeitos dos fármacos , Polimixina B/farmacologiaRESUMO
In many ways, cancer cells are different from healthy cells. A lot of tactical nano-based drug delivery systems are based on the difference between cancer and healthy cells. Currently, nanotechnology-based delivery systems are the most promising tool to deliver DNA-based products to cancer cells. This review aims to highlight the latest development in the lipids and polymeric nanocarrier for siRNA delivery to the cancer cells. It also provides the necessary information about siRNA development and its mechanism of action. Overall, this review gives us a clear picture of lipid and polymer-based drug delivery systems, which in the future could form the base to translate the basic siRNA biology into siRNA-based cancer therapies.
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Nanotechnology has become a research area with promising results for technological innovation. Endodontics can benefit from this field of research by increasing the success rate of the treatment, which currently ranges between 86% and 98% and has varied very little over the years. One of the causes of endodontic treatment failure is based on the presence of Enterococcus faecalis. The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the antibacterial effect of a gel preparation containing silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) against E. faecalis present in the walls of the root canal. 60 extracted human uniradicular teeth that were instrumented with Wave One Gold (Denstplay/USA) and subsequently contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. For antibacterial evaluation, intra-canal conducting was placed, and several groups were formed: a) Ag-NP 300 ug/MI gel; b) Ag-NP 500 ug/MI gel; c) Ca (OH) 2 (Ultracal from Ultradent/USA) and the control group. They were incubated at 37°C and a sample was taken every 24 h for 7 days. The Ag-NP gel showed antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis with a value of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of 300 g/ml and 900 g/ml, respectively. When the Ag-NP gel was used as an intra-canal conducting drug in an in-vitro model, its antimicrobial effect at 300 g/ml and 500 g/ml was equivalent to the action of Ca(OH)2.
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Cavidade Pulpar/microbiologia , Enterococcus faecalis/efeitos dos fármacos , Nanopartículas Metálicas/administração & dosagem , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/farmacologia , Prata/farmacologia , Géis , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/prevenção & controle , Humanos , México , Testes de Sensibilidade MicrobianaRESUMO
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Np-TiO2) have become the common component of sunscreen cosmetic products. Np-TiO2 can affect especially aquatic ecosystems health, including aquatic organisms such as fish. It is therefore necessary to acquire a better understanding of the effect of Np-TiO2 on aquatic organisms. This study evaluated the biological effects of Np-TiO2 on Danio rerio, such as survival rate and weight change and, in particular, the Ti content or retention in the intestine and liver, as well as the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes. In addition, the structure of the intestine, kidney, and liver was investigated through histological analysis. Ninety zebrafish were used, randomly divided into three treatment-groups: a control group (fed with food without adding Np-TiO2) and two groups of fish fed with food containing Np-TiO2 exposed for 7 and 14 days. The amount of Ti in the liver and intestine was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry coupled to a graphite furnace (GFAAS). Morphological analysis and enzyme catalase and superoxide dismutase assays were likewise performed. Ti was detected in all fish even in control group; probably Ti must have been introduced during production by the fish food industry. Structural changes were detected in fish fed with Np-TiO2 as vacuolization and disruption of the apical cytoplasm of epithelial cells that covered the intestinal villi. Although kidney morphology appeared intact, the lumen of the proximal tubule was enlarged, and the cells of the distal tubule were vacuolated. No morphological changes in the liver were detected; however, superoxide dismutase activity decreased, suggesting that liver changes occurred at the molecular level. Thus, Np-TiO2 causes morphological changes in the intestine, kidney, and liver of zebrafish and biochemical changes in the liver exposed for 7 and 14 days. Although not highly lethal, Np-TiO2 in the food chain can interfere with the morphophysiology of aquatic organisms. Neither mortalities nor body weight losses were recorded among fish in all groups over the duration of the experiment.
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Mucosa Intestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Nanopartículas/toxicidade , Titânio/toxicidade , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Peixe-Zebra , Animais , Bioacumulação , Catalase , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ecossistema , Cadeia Alimentar , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Rim/metabolismo , Rim/patologia , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/patologia , Nanopartículas/metabolismo , Distribuição Aleatória , Protetores Solares/química , Titânio/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismoRESUMO
Introducción: La enfermedad de Niemann-Pick tipo C es una enfermedad poco frecuente, autosómica recesiva, caracterizada por el depósito de lípidos a nivel lisosomal, que, a pesar de ser tratable, es mortal en todos los casos y representa una importante carga para los pacientes y sus familias. Objetivo: Contribuir al conocimiento de esta rara enfermedad neurovisceral progresiva de curso fatal. Presentación del caso: Se trata de una niña de 7 años de edad, que a los 2 años asistió a consulta por trastornos de la marcha, con deterioro progresivo de esta, así como del lenguaje y el comienzo de crisis epilépticas. Evolutivamente presentó cataplejías gelásticas, paresia de la mirada vertical y esplenomegalia. Estos elementos clínicos evolutivos fueron lo suficientemente distintivos para orientar la sospecha clínica y las investigaciones necesarias para llegar al diagnóstico definitivo de la enfermedad. Con la confirmación de que se trataba de la enfermedad de Niemann-Pick tipo C, se comenzó tratamiento con miglustad a dosis de 100 mg dos veces al día. Conclusiones: El deterioro neurológico progresivo, la cataplejía gelástica, la paresia de la mirada vertical y la esplenomegalia, unido a los resultados del medulograma y el estudio genético permitieron el diagnóstico de esta entidad(AU)
Introduction: Niemann-Pick type C disease is a non-frequent, recessive autosomal one, which is characterized by lipids deposit in the lysosomal level. Although this disease is treatable, it is fatal in all the cases and it represents a important burden to patients and their families. Objective: To contribute to the knowledge on this rare, progressive neurovisceral disease with fatal evolution. Case presentation: Seven- years- old girl, whom at two years old attended to a consultation for walk disorders presenting a progressive worsening of it, as well of the speech, and also presented an onset of epileptic crisis. In the evolution she presented gelastic cataplexy, vertical look´s paresia and splenomegaly. These clinical evolutive elements were sufficiently distinctive to indicate the clinical suspicion and the necessary research to reach its definitive diagnostic. With the confirmation of Niemann-Pick type C disease, miglustad was used as treatment with a dose of 100 mg twice in the day. Conclusions: Progressive neurological worsening, gelastic cataplexy, vertical look´s paresia and splenomegaly joined with the results of a medulogram and the genetic study permitted this disease to be identified(AU)
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Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Doença de Niemann-Pick Tipo C/diagnóstico , Doença de Niemann-Pick Tipo C/mortalidadeRESUMO
A γ-irradiated bovine albumin serum-based nanoparticle was characterised structurally, and functionally. The nanoparticle was characterised by A.F.M., D.L.S, zeta potential, T.E.M., gel-electrophoresis, and spectroscopy. We studied the stability of the nanoparticle at different pH values and against time, by fluorescence spectroscopy following the changes in the tryptophan environment in the nanoparticle. The nanoparticle was also functionalized with Folic Acid, its function as a nanovehicle was evaluated through its interaction with the hydrophobic drug Emodin. The binding and kinetic properties of the obtained complex were evaluated by biophysical methods as well as its toxicity in tumor cells. According to its biophysics, the nanoparticle is a spherical nanosized vehicle with a hydrodynamic diameter of 70â¯nm. Data obtained describe the nanoparticle as nontoxic for cancer cell lines. When combined with Emodin, the nanoparticle proved to be more active on MCF-7 cancer cell lines than the nanoparticle without Emodin. Significantly, the albumin aggregate preserves the main activity-function of albumin and improved characteristics as an excellent carrier of molecules. More than carrier properties, the nanoparticle alone induced an immune response in macrophages which may be advantageous in vaccine and cancer therapy formulation.
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Portadores de Fármacos/química , Emodina/administração & dosagem , Nanopartículas/química , Soroalbumina Bovina/química , Animais , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos , Emodina/farmacologia , Ácido Fólico/química , Raios gama , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Células MCF-7 , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/imunologia , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Camundongos , Microscopia de Força Atômica , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Nanopartículas/toxicidade , Soroalbumina Bovina/farmacologia , Soroalbumina Bovina/toxicidade , Espectrometria de FluorescênciaRESUMO
The study evaluated the effects of nucleoprotein viral and the infectious virus in SHK-1 cells. The results show a strong respiratory burst activation and the induction of p47phox, SOD, GLURED, and apoptotic genes. Additionally, the cells alter the profile of SUMOylated proteins by the effect of transfection and infection experiments. In silico analyses show a set of structural motifs in NP susceptible of post-translational modification by the SUMO protein. Interestingly, the inhibition of the NADPH oxidase complex blocked the production of reactive oxygen species and the high level of cellular ROS due to the nucleoprotein and the ISAv. At the same time, the blocking of the p38MAPK signaling pathway and the use of Aristotelia chilensis, decreased viral progeny production. These results suggest that the NP triggers a strong production of ROS and modifying the post-translational profile mediated by SUMO-2/3, a phenomenon that favors the production of new virions.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Peixes/metabolismo , Proteínas de Peixes/metabolismo , Isavirus/metabolismo , NADPH Oxidases/metabolismo , Nucleoproteínas/metabolismo , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/veterinária , Estresse Oxidativo , Proteínas Virais/metabolismo , Animais , Doenças dos Peixes/genética , Doenças dos Peixes/virologia , Proteínas de Peixes/genética , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno , Isavirus/genética , NADPH Oxidases/genética , Nucleoproteínas/genética , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/genética , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/metabolismo , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/virologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Explosão Respiratória , Salmão , Proteínas Modificadoras Pequenas Relacionadas à Ubiquitina/genética , Proteínas Modificadoras Pequenas Relacionadas à Ubiquitina/metabolismo , Sumoilação , Proteínas Virais/genética , Vírion/genética , Vírion/metabolismoRESUMO
Two hundred isolates of Enterobacterales were tested by Rapid Polymyxins NP for the detection of polymyxin resistance and compared to the reference test broth microdilution (BMD). The sensitivity and specificity of the NP test were 98% and the results are faster than the BMD, decreasing from approximately 24 to 2 h.