RESUMO
Resumen: Introducción: El hallux valgus es una de las patologías más frecuentes y complejas en la ortopedia. Afecta a los tejidos blandos y óseos del primer dedo. Se encuentran descritas múltiples técnicas para su corrección, todas con un último fin: lograr restaurar el ángulo fisiológico del primer dedo mediante una osteotomía estable y con el menor dolor postquirúrgico posible. Las técnicas de invasión mínima han venido ganando adeptos desde los años 2000 como una alternativa para el tratamiento de esta patología. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de hallux valgus leve o moderado en los que se realizó un procedimiento mínimamente invasivo para corregir la deformidad del primer dedo del pie. Se realizó una osteotomía distal de Reverdin/Isham en el primer metatarsiano y una osteotomía de Akin en la falange proximal, una liberación capsular lateral y una tenotomía abductora. Estos casos fueron seguidos durante 24 meses después de su cirugía. Resultado: Nuestros pacientes presentaron una adecuada corrección de la sintomatología dolorosa, retorno a la movilidad articular prequirúrgica y una adecuada satisfacción personal con 87.3% de buenos resultados. Encontramos una mejoría importante en la escala de Kitaoka. Tenemos una adecuada corrección angular para una osteotomía distal. Conclusiones: Las técnicas de invasión mínima para la corrección de hallux valgus moderado y leve son una adecuada herramienta. Nuestros pacientes se encuentran satisfechos con los resultados estéticos y funcionales.
Abstract: Introduction: The hallux valgus is a very frequent and complex orthopedic pathology. It involves the bone and soft tissue structures of the first toe. There are multiple techniques described for the alignment of the first toe. All technics aim to restore the normal angulation of the toe while using a stable osteotomy through a painless surgical procedure. The minimal invasive techniques have been growing in acceptance since the year 2000, as a viable surgical alternative to treat this pathology. Material and methods: We included patients with a diagnostic of mild or moderate hallux valgus on whom a minimal invasive procedure was performed to correct the deformity of the first toe. We performed a distal Reverdin/Isham osteotomy on the first metatarsal and an akin osteotomy in the proximal phalanx, a lateral capsular release and a abductor tenotomy. These patients were followed for 24 months after their surgery. Results: Our patients had an adequate correction angular correction, for a distal osteotomy. They had a good pain control, with an adequate mobility in the postoperative period. The patients presented an adequate personal satisfaction, 87% of them had good results. We found an important and statistically significant improvement in the Kitaoka scale. Conclusion: The minimal invasive technics for the correction of mild or moderated hallux valgus are a good alternative. Our patients are satisfied with the functional, and cosmetic results.
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INTRODUCTION: The hallux valgus is a very frequent and complex orthopedic pathology. It involves the bone and soft tissue structures of the first toe. There are multiple techniques described for the alignment of the first toe. All technics aim to restore the normal angulation of the toe while using a stable osteotomy through a painless surgical procedure. The minimal invasive techniques have been growing in acceptance since the year 2000, as a viable surgical alternative to treat this pathology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included patients with a diagnostic of mild or moderate hallux valgus on whom a minimal invasive procedure was performed to correct the deformity of the first toe. We performed a distal Reverdin/Isham osteotomy on the first metatarsal and an akin osteotomy in the proximal phalanx, a lateral capsular release and a abductor tenotomy. These patients were followed for 24 months after their surgery. RESULTS: Our patients had an adequate correction angular correction, for a distal osteotomy. They had a good pain control, with an adequate mobility in the postoperative period. The patients presented an adequate personal satisfaction, 87% of them had good results. We found an important and statistically significant improvement in the Kitaoka scale. CONCLUSION: The minimal invasive technics for the correction of mild or moderated hallux valgus are a good alternative. Our patients are satisfied with the functional, and cosmetic results.
INTRODUCCIÓN: El hallux valgus es una de las patologías más frecuentes y complejas en la ortopedia. Afecta a los tejidos blandos y óseos del primer dedo. Se encuentran descritas múltiples técnicas para su corrección, todas con un último fin: lograr restaurar el ángulo fisiológico del primer dedo mediante una osteotomía estable y con el menor dolor postquirúrgico posible. Las técnicas de invasión mínima han venido ganando adeptos desde los años 2000 como una alternativa para el tratamiento de esta patología. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de hallux valgus leve o moderado en los que se realizó un procedimiento mínimamente invasivo para corregir la deformidad del primer dedo del pie. Se realizó una osteotomía distal de Reverdin/Isham en el primer metatarsiano y una osteotomía de Akin en la falange proximal, una liberación capsular lateral y una tenotomía abductora. Estos casos fueron seguidos durante 24 meses después de su cirugía. RESULTADO: Nuestros pacientes presentaron una adecuada corrección de la sintomatología dolorosa, retorno a la movilidad articular prequirúrgica y una adecuada satisfacción personal con 87.3% de buenos resultados. Encontramos una mejoría importante en la escala de Kitaoka. Tenemos una adecuada corrección angular para una osteotomía distal. CONCLUSIONES: Las técnicas de invasión mínima para la corrección de hallux valgus moderado y leve son una adecuada herramienta. Nuestros pacientes se encuentran satisfechos con los resultados estéticos y funcionales.
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Hallux Valgus , Ossos do Metatarso , Seguimentos , Hallux Valgus/diagnóstico por imagem , Hallux Valgus/cirurgia , Humanos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Despite the fact that open reduction and internal fixation with a plate, either non-locked or locked, is the standard of care for managing lateral malleolus fractures, intramedullary (IM) fixation of the fibula has been recently introduced as an alternative, mainly for some potential complicated situations. We hypothesized that almost all patterns of distal fibula fracture can be safely fixed with an IM device, with the potential benefit of providing biomechanical efficiency, but using a soft-tissue friendly implant. Here, we present a multicenter case series based on a proposed algorithm. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-nine consecutive patients were managed with fibular IM fixation for closed malleolar fractures. Twenty patients were managed by IM screw fixation and 49 by fibular nailing. Outcome was measured both according to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score for ankle and hindfoot, and the time to bone union. RESULTS: The mean AOFAS for Group I was 99.35 ± 1.95 points and that for Group II was 89.30 ± 16.98 points. There were no significant differences between the fracture pattern, according to the Lauge-Hansen classification, and post-operative levels of pain and functional activity among patients in both groups (p > 0.05). All fractures healed uneventfully in both groups. The mean time to union for Group I was 8.15 weeks and for Group II was 8.25 weeks (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: In this multicenter case series, intramedullary fixation for the lateral malleolus fracture presented itself as a viable and safe option for the treatment of almost all patterns of fibula fracture in adults. Overall, we were able to demonstrate the potential indications of the proposed algorithm for the choice of IM implant for the lateral malleolus fracture in terms of the Lauge-Hansen staged classification.
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Fraturas do Tornozelo , Fixação Intramedular de Fraturas , Adulto , Fraturas do Tornozelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas do Tornozelo/cirurgia , Placas Ósseas , Fíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Fíbula/cirurgia , Fixação Interna de Fraturas , Humanos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Venous varicose of epidura is considered a rare cause of nerve root and thecal sac compression and impingement that leads to lower limb radiculopathy. The purpose of this study is to draw attention to this problem during operation. It also aims to focus shed a light on using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before the operation. This research also attempts to evaluate the outcome of the surgery. Symptoms of epidural varicose with radiculopathy are rare and the diagnosis is often inaccurate by preoperative clinical examination and radiology investigations. Thus, in many cases the diagnosis is made intra- operatively. The case was a 40 years old female who consulted our outpatient clinic complaining from acute radicular pain in the lower back and down of her right lower limb. MRI was done for her and showed paracentral disc herniation. Intra operatively, an abnormal dilatation of epidural vein impingement on L4 nerve root with no foraminal stenosis was seen. We initiated a thermo coagulation of the epidural vein from proximal to distal ends at disc level and used gel foam patch to control bleeding that was removed all at the end of operation. Then, coagulation ablation was performed. The operation resulted in relief of symptoms and neurologic recovery occurred during follow up period. According to our case and previously published case reports, the outcome is good with recovery of neurological signs and symptoms that can be obtained by coagulation ablation of epidural varicose vein.
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Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Radiculopatia/terapia , Varizes/terapia , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Anestesia Epidural , Região LombossacralRESUMO
Introducción: La introducción del sistema Da Vinci, ha revolucionado el campo de la cirugía mínima invasiva en el cual el cirujano tiene control de la cámara 3D y los instrumentos son de gran destreza y confort ergonómico, acortando la curva de aprendizaje quirúrgica. Objetivo: Describir nuestra experiencia inicial de cirugía robótica colorectal en un hospital de comunidad cerrada de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Materiales y Método: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo sobre una base prospectiva de cirugías colorectales robóticas realizadas por el mismo equipo quirúrgico desde mayo de 2016 a abril de 2019. Resultados: Se operaron 41 pacientes. Trece de ellos fueron colectomías derechas, 17 colectomías izquierdas y 11 cirugías de recto. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 170 minutos (90-330), la estadía hospitalaria de 4 días (3-30), la tasa de conversión de 7,31% (3/41 pacientes) y la tasa de dehiscencia anastomótica del 9,75% (4/41 pacientes). Morbilidad global del 19.5% (8/41 pacientes). Conclusión: Hemos repasado los resultados iniciales de nuestra experiencia en cirugía robótica colorectal en un número reducido de casos, pero suficiente para evaluar la seguridad y reproducibilidad del método al comienzo de una curva de aprendizaje.
Introduction: The introduction of the Da Vinci System, has revolved the field of invasive minimal surgery in which the surgeon has control of the 3d camera and the instruments are of great strength and ergonomic comfort by cutting the surgical learning curve. Objective: Of this preliminary presentation is to describe our initial experience of colorectal robotic surgery in a closed community hospital of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Materials and Method: Retrospective descriptive study on a prospective basis of robotic colorectal surgeries performed by the same surgical team from May 2016 to April 2019.Results: 41 patients were operated. 13 of them were right colectomies, 17 left colectomies and 11 rectum surgeries. The average surgical time was 170 minutes (90-330), the average hospital stay of 4 days (3-30), the conversion rate of 7.31% (3/41 patients) and the anastomotic dehiscence rate of 9 , 75% (4/41 patients). Overall morbidity of 19.5% (8/41 patients).Conclusion: We have reviewed the initial results of our experience in colorectal robotic surgery in a reduced number of cases but sufficient to evaluate the security and reproducibility of the methodic learning of a learning curve.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias Colorretais/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Colectomia/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Hospitais ComunitáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Surgical scars are a significant cosmetic problem, especially when in exposed areas such as the anterior neck. To avoid or reduce visible scarring, diverse innovative surgical approaches to the neck have been introduced. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of the endoscopic resection using the retroauricular approach for submandibular gland excision. METHODS: The present study enrolled 48 patients who underwent conventional transcervical submandibular gland excision and 23 patients who underwent endoscope-assisted retroauricular approach submandibular gland excision, from February 2014 through February 2018 at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology of the AC Camargo Cancer Center, in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The surgical outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: In the conventional group, 26 (54%) patients were male. The mean age was 49.3 years (range 22-81). Twenty-two patients (46%) had sialoadenitis; twenty-one (44%) had benign and five (10%) had malignant tumors. The mean total surgical time was 86.4 min (range 40-180), and the mean total length of hospital stay was 1.3 days. Twenty-seven (56%) patients suffered from local postoperative complications in the neck. In the retroauricular group, 14 (61%) patients were male. The mean age was 44.1 years (range 24-71 years). Seven patients (31%) had sialoadenitis, twelve (53%) had benign tumors and four (16%) had malignant tumors. The mean total surgical time was 86.4 min (range 75-300 min), and the mean total length of hospital stay was 1.2 days. Twelve (53%) patients suffered from local postoperative complications in the neck. No surgical site infections or systemic complications were described. CONCLUSIONS: The retroauricular endoscopic-assisted submandibular gland resection is feasible, with excellent cosmetic results and no significant complication rate increase, and can be a safe potential surgical alternative for patients who are motivated to avoid a visible neck scar.
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Cicatriz , Dissecação , Endoscopia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares , Glândula Submandibular , Adulto , Brasil , Cicatriz/etiologia , Cicatriz/prevenção & controle , Dissecação/efeitos adversos , Dissecação/métodos , Endoscopia/efeitos adversos , Endoscopia/métodos , Estética , Feminino , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pescoço/cirurgia , Duração da Cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/patologia , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/cirurgia , Glândula Submandibular/patologia , Glândula Submandibular/cirurgia , Cirurgia Vídeoassistida/métodosRESUMO
Resumen: Introducción: Las técnicas de fijación transpedicular percutánea son una herramienta emergente en el tratamiento del trauma espinal, sin embargo, su uso no es totalmente aceptado. Objetivo: Comparar resultados en pacientes con fractura vertebral traumática que fueron tratados con cirugía de fijación transpedicular percutánea versus fijación transpedicular abierta. Material y métodos: De Enero a Diciembre de 2016, 15 pacientes con fractura vertebral traumática fueron divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos: el grupo A fue de seis pacientes tratados con fijación transpedicular percutánea y el grupo B fue de seis pacientes tratados con fijación transpedicular con técnica abierta; tres pacientes fueron eliminados. Se evaluó el sangrado transoperatorio, el dolor postoperatorio con la escala visual análoga a las 24 horas y a las dos semanas del postoperatorio; también se evaluó el índice de discapacidad de dolor lumbar Oswestry a seis semanas, además de tres, seis, 12 y 24 meses del postoperatorio. Resultado: El seguimiento fue de 24 meses. Se reportaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el sangrado transoperatorio (p 2.43E-05), EVA al primer día (p < 0.0003), EVA a las dos semanas (p = 0.01); también en el cuestionario de discapacidad de dolor lumbar Oswestry a las seis semanas (p = 0.0007), tres meses (p = 0.005), seis meses (p = 0.005), 12 meses (p = 0.01) y 24 meses (p = 0.004). No se observaron diferencias significativas con respecto al tiempo operatorio (p = 0.12). Discusión: En nuestro trabajo encontramos que el sangrado transoperatorio, dolor postoperatorio y discapacidad funcional son significativamente menores en el grupo de fijación transpedicular percutánea.
Abstract: Introduction: Percutaneous transpedicular fixation techniques are an emerging tool in the treatment of spinal trauma, however, their use is not fully accepted. Objective: Compare results in patients with traumatic vertebral fracture, treated with percutaneous transpedicular fixation surgery versus open transpedicular fixation. Material and methods: From January to December 2016, 15 patients with traumatic vertebral fracture were randomly divided into 2 groups, group A were six treated with percutaneous transpedicular fixation, group B were treated with open technique transpedicular fixation, three patients were eliminated. Transoperative bleeding, postoperative pain with the 24-hour and two-week postoperative visual scale, the six-week Oswestry lumbar pain disability index, and three, six, 12 and 24 months of postoperative control were evaluated. Results: The follow-up was 24 months. Statistically significant differences in transoperative bleeding (p 2.43E-05), EVA on the first day (p < 0.0003), EVA at two weeks (p = 0.01) were reported in the Oswestry lumbar pain disability questionnaire at six weeks (p = 0.0007), three months (p = 0.005), six months (p = 0.005), 12 months (p = 0.01) and 24 months (p = 0.004), no significant differences were observed with respect to operating time (p = 0.12). Discussion: In our work we find that transoperative bleeding, postoperative pain and functional disability are significantly minor in the percutaneous transpedicular fixation group.
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Humanos , Vértebras Torácicas/cirurgia , Vértebras Torácicas/lesões , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Vértebras LombaresRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Abdominal wall defects (AWDs) include recti diastasis and midline hernias (umbilical, epigastric, and incisional). In the coexistence of such fascia defects, simultaneous repair is recommended. Conventional and hybrid techniques have been reported as an option of approach. This study aims to present the results of a total minimal invasive access to treat AWD with mesh reinforcement (subcutaneous videosurgery for abdominal wall defects [SVAWD] technique). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The prospective observational study included patients with small/medium midline incisional hernia and/or multiple AWDs (symptomatic umbilicus and/or an epigastric hernia and/or abdominal rectus diastasis >2 cm) operated between August 2016 and February 2018. The exclusion criteria were, namely, fascia defects >10 cm, complex hernias, excess of skin and/or subcutaneous abdominal fatty tissue, and body mass index >35 kg/m2. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients were treated by SVAWD technique, with a median follow-up of 14 (range 6-22) months. The mean size of all fascia defects was 7.46 cm (range 4.5-10.5). Surgical site occurrence was identified in three (14.3%) patients and surgical site occurrence requiring procedural intervention in two (9.5%). Diabetes mellitus was the only predictor factor for higher intraoperative bleeding (R2 = 0.63, P = .025). Fibrin sealant (used for mesh fixation) and transverse abdominis plane (TAP) block with ropivacaine 0.2% were associated with less oral analgesics intake (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively) and fewer complications (P = .005 and P = .034, respectively). CONCLUSION: Despite the low number of patients operated, the subcutaneous approach presented has proven to be safe, feasible, and effective, as no major complications and relapse occurred. Still, fibrin sealant and TAP block were associated with fewer complications and less oral analgesics intake.
Assuntos
Hérnia Ventral/cirurgia , Herniorrafia/métodos , Hérnia Incisional/cirurgia , Laparoscopia/métodos , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Feminino , Adesivo Tecidual de Fibrina/uso terapêutico , Seguimentos , Hemorragia/etiologia , Humanos , Complicações Intraoperatórias/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Percutaneous transpedicular fixation techniques are an emerging tool in the treatment of spinal trauma, however, their use is not fully accepted. OBJECTIVE: Compare results in patients with traumatic vertebral fracture, treated with percutaneous transpedicular fixation surgery versus open transpedicular fixation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From January to December 2016, 15 patients with traumatic vertebral fracture were randomly divided into 2 groups, group A were six treated with percutaneous transpedicular fixation, group B were treated with open technique transpedicular fixation, three patients were eliminated. Transoperative bleeding, postoperative pain with the 24-hour and two-week postoperative visual scale, the six-week Oswestry lumbar pain disability index, and three, six, 12 and 24 months of postoperative control were evaluated. RESULTS: The follow-up was 24 months. Statistically significant differences in transoperative bleeding (p 2.43E-05), EVA on the first day (p 0.0003), EVA at two weeks (p = 0.01) were reported in the Oswestry lumbar pain disability questionnaire at six weeks (p = 0.0007), three months (p = 0.005), six months (p = 0.005), 12 months (p = 0.01) and 24 months (p = 0.004), no significant differences were observed with respect to operating time (p = 0.12). DISCUSSION: In our work we find that transoperative bleeding, postoperative pain and functional disability are significantly minor in the percutaneous transpedicular fixation group.
INTRODUCCIÓN: Las técnicas de fijación transpedicular percutánea son una herramienta emergente en el tratamiento del trauma espinal, sin embargo, su uso no es totalmente aceptado. OBJETIVO: Comparar resultados en pacientes con fractura vertebral traumática que fueron tratados con cirugía de fijación transpedicular percutánea versus fijación transpedicular abierta. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: De Enero a Diciembre de 2016, 15 pacientes con fractura vertebral traumática fueron divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos: el grupo A fue de seis pacientes tratados con fijación transpedicular percutánea y el grupo B fue de seis pacientes tratados con fijación transpedicular con técnica abierta; tres pacientes fueron eliminados. Se evaluó el sangrado transoperatorio, el dolor postoperatorio con la escala visual análoga a las 24 horas y a las dos semanas del postoperatorio; también se evaluó el índice de discapacidad de dolor lumbar Oswestry a seis semanas, además de tres, seis, 12 y 24 meses del postoperatorio. RESULTADO: El seguimiento fue de 24 meses. Se reportaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el sangrado transoperatorio (p 2.43E-05), EVA al primer día (p 0.0003), EVA a las dos semanas (p = 0.01); también en el cuestionario de discapacidad de dolor lumbar Oswestry a las seis semanas (p = 0.0007), tres meses (p = 0.005), seis meses (p = 0.005), 12 meses (p = 0.01) y 24 meses (p = 0.004). No se observaron diferencias significativas con respecto al tiempo operatorio (p = 0.12). DISCUSIÓN: En nuestro trabajo encontramos que el sangrado transoperatorio, dolor postoperatorio y discapacidad funcional son significativamente menores en el grupo de fijación transpedicular percutánea.
Assuntos
Fixação Interna de Fraturas , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral , Vértebras Torácicas , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Vértebras Torácicas/lesões , Vértebras Torácicas/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Surgical staging is essential in the management of patients with endometrial cancer apparently confined to the uterus. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) with its conventional laparoscopic approach or more recently with laparoscopic-assisted robotics has become the standard of management with advantage in terms of blood loss, hospital stay and quality of life compared to laparotomy. The pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy as part of the surgical staging is determinant of the prognosis and sets the pattern of adjuvant treatment and although it is still controversial in terms of its therapeutic value, it is feasible through MIS. The performance of the sentinel lymph node with lower intraoperative complications and postoperative morbidity can be considered as an alternative to lymphadenectomy, especially considering the additional value of detecting low volume metastatic lymph node disease by means of immunohistochemistry.
El estadiaje quirúrgico es esencial en el manejo de las pacientes con cáncer de endometrio aparentemente confinado al útero. La cirugía mínimamente invasiva (CMI) con su enfoque laparoscópico convencional o más recientemente mediante robótica asistida por laparoscopia se han convertido en el estándar de manejo gracias a sus ventajas en cuanto a pérdida sanguínea, estancia hospitalaria y calidad de vida en comparación a la laparotomía. La linfadenectomía pélvica y paraaórtica como parte del estadiaje quirúrgico es determinante del pronóstico y marca la pauta del tratamiento adyuvante; y aunque aún es controversial en cuanto a su valor terapéutico, es factible mediante CMI. La realización del ganglio centinela con menores compliaciones intraoperatorias y morbilidad postoperatoria puede ser considerada como una alternativa a la linfadenectomía, sobretodo teniendo en cuenta el valor agregado de permitir detectar enfermedad ganglionar metastásica de bajo volumen mediante inmunohistoquimica.
RESUMO
Over the last decade, with the acceptance of the need for improvements in the outcome of patients affected with rectal cancer, there has been a significant increase in the literature regarding treatment options available to patients affected by this disease. That treatment related decisions should be made at a high volume multidisciplinary tumor board, after pre-operative rectal magnetic resonance imaging and the importance of total mesorectal excision (TME) are accepted standard of care. More controversial is the emerging role for watchful waiting rather than radical surgery in complete pathologic responders, which may be appropriate in 20% of patients. Patients with early T1 rectal cancers and favorable pathologic features can be cured with local excision only, with transanal minimal invasive surgery (TAMIS) because of its versatility and almost universal availability of the necessary equipment and skillset in the average laparoscopic surgeon, emerging as the leading option. Recent trials have raised concerns about the oncologic outcomes of the standard "top-down" TME hence transanal TME (TaTME "bottom-up") approach has gained popularity as an alternative. The challenges are many, with a dearth of evidence of the oncologic superiority in the long-term for any given option. However, this review highlights recent advances in the role of chemoradiation only for complete pathologic responders, TAMIS for highly selected early rectal cancer patients and TaTME as options to improve cure rates whilst maintaining quality of life in these patients, while we await the results of further definitive trials being currently conducted.
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UNLABELLED: We present the results of the validation of an inanimate model created for training thoracoscopic treatment of esophageal atresia with lower tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used different domestic materials such as a piece of wood (support), corrugated plastic tubes (PVC) of different sizes to simulate ribs, intercostal spaces, trachea and spine and tubular latex balloons to simulate the esophagus and lungs to make the basic model. This device was inserted into the thoracic cavity of a rubber dummy simulating a 3kg newborn with a work area volume of 50ml. The model was designed taking into account the experience of doing this procedure in neonates. The cost of the materials used was 50 US$. Regular video endoscopic equipment and 3mm instruments were used. Thirty-nine international faculty or pediatric surgeons attending hands on courses with different levels of training in minimal invasive surgery (MIS) repair of EA/TEF performed the procedure in the model. We compared the performance of the practitioners with their experience in thoracoscopic repair of EA. A Likert-type scale was used to evaluate results. Previous experience in MIS, anatomical appearance of the model, surgical anatomy compared to a real patient, and utility as a training method were analyzed. We also used a checklist to assess performance. We evaluated: number of errors and types of injuries, quality of the anastomosis, and duration of procedure. To analyze the results we used a T-test, chi-square test and Excel® database to match up some results. RESULTS: Thirty-nine questionnaires were completed. Seven surgeons were experts (≥30 TEF/EA repairs as surgeon), 10 had intermediate level of experience (5 to 29 repairs as surgeon) and 22 were beginners (less than 5 repairs). To simplify the analysis we divided the respondents into low experience LE (<5 real procedures-beginners; n=22) and high experience HE (intermediate, 10; and experts, 7; n=17). In relation to the anatomical characteristics of the model, 94.48% (n=37) respondents considered that the model has a high degree of similarity or good similarity; in relation to surgical anatomy 88.2% (n=34) respondents considered that the model has a high degree of similarity or good similarity; 87.17% (n=34) respondents considered that the model can generate a good amount of skills and/or can generate great majority of skills to EA/TEF repair; and 12.82% (n=5) respondents consider that it can generate some skills or a few skills, only in relation to trocar placement, one of the surveyed items. The number of errors was 29±7 SD (20 to 51) for the low experience group (LE) and 9±6 SD (1 to 20) for the high experience group (HE) (P value<0.0001). Time in minutes was significantly lower in the HE group (40±9 SD; 26 to 58min), in relation with LE (81±19 SD; 49 to 118min) (P<0.0001, T-test). Deficient or incomplete anastomosis also showed differences: 7 (32%) in the LE group and 1 (6%) in the HE group (P = 0.04, chi-square test). We saw a correlation between the previous experience of the surgeon and their performance in the model considering operating time, quality of anastomosis and peripheral tissue damage. According to the suggestions registered in the questionnaires, we have now improved the model. We have also started using it in a scenario to simulate the whole neonatal MIS operative room setting and team work.
Assuntos
Atresia Esofágica/cirurgia , Modelos Anatômicos , Pediatria/educação , Especialidades Cirúrgicas/educação , Toracoscopia/educação , Fístula Traqueoesofágica/cirurgia , Argentina , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Competência Clínica , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Cirurgiões/educação , Toracoscopia/métodosRESUMO
Antecedentes: Los ensayos quirúrgicos aleatorizados controlados (EQAC) son la mejor manera de validar los nuevos tratamientos quirúrgicos; sin embargo, comprenden una fracción muy pequeña de los artículos publicados en la literatura. Una de las razones de la falta de éxito es el hecho de no reclutar un número adecuado de pacientes. Métodos: Se presentan los resultados de 14 meses de reclutamiento de un EQAC que compara dos procedimientos quirúrgicos para el tratamiento del hallux valgus doloroso. El estudio es no ciego, de no inferioridad y paralelo con una meta de inclusión de 100 sujetos en 24 meses. Resultados: En los primeros 14 meses de reclutamiento, 94 pacientes fueron evaluados para su elegibilidad, de los cuales 54 fueron excluidos y 40 cumplían con criterios según protocolo. De estos 40, 13 fueron incluidos en el proceso de aleatorización pero sólo 11 fueron sometidos a los procedimientos quirúrgicos, ya que dos se rehusaron a dicho proceso el día de la cirugía. De los 27 pacientes elegibles restantes, en 22 no hubo más contacto después de completar la evaluación de elegibilidad y siete se negaron al procedimiento aleatorio. Los resultados indican que el estudio no recluta un número suficiente de sujetos. Conclusiones: Los datos muestran que los investigadores que planean realizar un EQAC deben ser conscientes de la gran cantidad de esfuerzo y recursos financieros necesarios para alcanzar las metas de reclutamiento de pacientes.
Background: Randomized controlled surgical trials (RCST) are the optimal way to validate new surgical treatments, yet RCSTs comprise a very small fraction of published articles in the surgical literature. One of most frequent reasons for lack of success in RCSTs is the failure to recruit an adequate number of patients. Methods: We report the results of 14 months of recruitment for an RCST comparing two different surgical procedures for the treatment of painful hallux valgus. The study is an open-label non-inferiority parallel trial, with an accrual goal of 100 subjects in 24 months. Results: In the first 14 months of recruitment, 94 patients were assessed for eligibility, of which 54 were excluded and 40 were protocol-eligible. Of these 40 only 13 enrolled in the trial. Eleven patients were randomized and treated according to the protocol, the other two withdrew prior to randomization. Of the 27 eligible patients who did not enroll and the 2 eligible patients who withdrew prior to ramdomization, 22 declined to participate in the study and 7 elected to have surgical treatment but refused randomization. Conclusions: The data show that investigators planning RCST's in surgery should be aware of the large amount of effort and significant financial resources needed to achieve patient recruitment goals.
Assuntos
Humanos , Término Precoce de Ensaios Clínicos , Hallux Valgus/cirurgia , Seleção de Pacientes , Projetos de PesquisaRESUMO
En la actualidad, en la formación de los cirujanos en cirugía biliar se ha verticalizado el entrenamiento en colecistectomía laparoscópica, minimizando la formación en cirugía abierta, necesaria por la posibilidad de la conversión quirúrgica y por la presencia de casos complejos. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una discusión científica sobre la importancia de la formación en cirugía biliar compleja, sobre la base de una situación clínica específica: una paciente con antecedentes de una cirugía compleja en el abdomen superior que consistió en la resección hepática y la reparación de la aorta abdominal, el duodeno y el estómago. La paciente presentó una litiasis biliar complicada, situación que obligó a la intervención abierta, con la cual se obtuvo un resultado satisfactorio. La colecistectomía videolaparoscópica es un procedimiento seguro y eficaz en las colecistopatías litiásicas y alitiásica, y la colecistectomía abierta o tradicional queda como alternativa de la primera, pero es indispensable un entrenamiento básico formativo en ella, no solo por una potencial conversión quirúrgica, sino por la posibilidad de encontrar situaciones como la aquí presentada(AU)
At present times, the formation of surgeons in the field of biliary surgery has increased training in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and reduced training in open surgery which is necessary for the surgical conversion possibilities and the presence of complex cases. The objective of this article was to present a scientific discussion about the importance of the formation of specialists in complex biliary surgery, on the basis of a specific clinical case. This is the case of a woman with a history of complex upper abdomen surgery comprising liver resection and repair of the abdominal aorta, the duodenum and the stomach. The patient presented with complicated biliary lithiasis that forced the physicians to perform open biliary surgery; the result was satisfactory. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe and effective procedure in lithiasis and alithiasis cholecystopathy whereas open or traditional cholecystectomy remains as an alternative to the former. However, it is indispensable to provide basic formative training in open cholecystectomy, not only because of potential surgical conversion but because of likelihood of situations similar to the one presented here(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , FemininoRESUMO
En la actualidad, en la formación de los cirujanos en cirugía biliar se ha verticalizado el entrenamiento en colecistectomía laparoscópica, minimizando la formación en cirugía abierta, necesaria por la posibilidad de la conversión quirúrgica y por la presencia de casos complejos. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una discusión científica sobre la importancia de la formación en cirugía biliar compleja, sobre la base de una situación clínica específica: una paciente con antecedentes de una cirugía compleja en el abdomen superior que consistió en la resección hepática y la reparación de la aorta abdominal, el duodeno y el estómago. La paciente presentó una litiasis biliar complicada, situación que obligó a la intervención abierta, con la cual se obtuvo un resultado satisfactorio. La colecistectomía videolaparoscópica es un procedimiento seguro y eficaz en las colecistopatías litiásicas y alitiásica, y la colecistectomía abierta o tradicional queda como alternativa de la primera, pero es indispensable un entrenamiento básico formativo en ella, no solo por una potencial conversión quirúrgica, sino por la posibilidad de encontrar situaciones como la aquí presentada.
At present times, the formation of surgeons in the field of biliary surgery has increased training in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and reduced training in open surgery which is necessary for the surgical conversion possibilities and the presence of complex cases. The objective of this article was to present a scientific discussion about the importance of the formation of specialists in complex biliary surgery, on the basis of a specific clinical case. This is the case of a woman with a history of complex upper abdomen surgery comprising liver resection and repair of the abdominal aorta, the duodenum and the stomach. The patient presented with complicated biliary lithiasis that forced the physicians to perform open biliary surgery; the result was satisfactory. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe and effective procedure in lithiasis and alithiasis cholecystopathy whereas open or traditional cholecystectomy remains as an alternative to the former. However, it is indispensable to provide basic formative training in open cholecystectomy, not only because of potential surgical conversion but because of likelihood of situations similar to the one presented here.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema BiliarRESUMO
Introducción: diferentes técnicas se han empleado para la apertura del ligamento transverso del carpo, la clásica, la endoscopia y el miniabordaje. Objetivo: mostrar los resultados de la cirugía con miniabordaje utilizando 1 incisión y 2 incisiones. Métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo de una serie de 168 pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome del túnel carpiano. A un grupo (n= 90) por 1 incisión transversa de 1 cm proximal al ligamento transverso del carpo y en el otro (n= 78) se realizaron 2 incisiones, una transversa proximal al ligamento transverso del carpo y la otra distal. Resultados: la evaluación del dolor posoperatorio al séptimo día, en operados con 1 incisión fue 0 en 57 de 90, con 2 incisiones 0 en 40 de 78. La satisfacción del paciente al mes de la cirugía, con 1 incisión resultaron satisfechos 88 de 90, satisfacción parcial 2 de 90; 2 incisiones, satisfechos 72 de 78 y satisfacción parcial en 5 de 78. La incorporación a las actividades cotidianas a la semana posoperatoria, 1 incisión, de forma parcial 80 de 90 y total 10 de 90; con 2 incisiones, parcial 65 de 78. Las complicaciones fueron 6 con ambos métodos, una mayor y una menor con 1 incisión y 4 menores con 2 incisiones. Conclusiones: la cirugía para la apertura del ligamento transverso del carpo por los miniabordajes propuestos permite obtener resultados similares a los endoscópicos en las primeras semanas, y superiores a los que se obtienen mediante la cirugía abierta, con bajo índice de complicaciones(AU)
Introduction: different techniques have been used to opening of the carpal transverse ligament including the surgical, endoscopy and the mini-approach. Objective: to show the results surgery with mini-approach using one and two incisions. Methods: a prospective study was conducted in168 patients diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. In a group (n= 90) by transverse incision of 1 cm proximal to carpal transverse ligament and in the other (n= 78) were necessary two incisions, one transverse proximal to carpal transverse ligament and the other distal to it. Results: the postoperative assessment at 7 days in operated on using one incision was of 0 in 57 of 90, with two incisions was of 0 in 40 of 78. The patient's satisfaction after one month of surgery using one incision were satisfied 88 of 90, partial satisfaction 2 of 90; two incisions, satisfied 72 of 78 and a partial satisfaction in 5 of 78. A whole incorporation to daily activities was achieved at a postoperative week, one partial incision 80 of 90 and a total of 10 of 90; with two incisions, partial 65 of 78. Tue complications included 6 with both methods one leading and other slight with one incision and 4 slights with two incisions. Conclusions: surgery for opening of carpal transverse ligament by means using the proposed mini-approaches allow the obtaining of results similar to that endoscopy during the first weeks and higher those obtained by open surgery with a low rate of complications(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Síndrome do Túnel Carpal/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Introducción: diferentes técnicas se han empleado para la apertura del ligamento transverso del carpo, la clásica, la endoscopia y el miniabordaje. Objetivo: mostrar los resultados de la cirugía con miniabordaje utilizando 1 incisión y 2 incisiones. Métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo de una serie de 168 pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome del túnel carpiano. A un grupo (n= 90) por 1 incisión transversa de 1 cm proximal al ligamento transverso del carpo y en el otro (n= 78) se realizaron 2 incisiones, una transversa proximal al ligamento transverso del carpo y la otra distal. Resultados: la evaluación del dolor posoperatorio al séptimo día, en operados con 1 incisión fue 0 en 57 de 90, con 2 incisiones 0 en 40 de 78. La satisfacción del paciente al mes de la cirugía, con 1 incisión resultaron satisfechos 88 de 90, satisfacción parcial 2 de 90; 2 incisiones, satisfechos 72 de 78 y satisfacción parcial en 5 de 78. La incorporación a las actividades cotidianas a la semana posoperatoria, 1 incisión, de forma parcial 80 de 90 y total 10 de 90; con 2 incisiones, parcial 65 de 78. Las complicaciones fueron 6 con ambos métodos, una mayor y una menor con 1 incisión y 4 menores con 2 incisiones. Conclusiones: la cirugía para la apertura del ligamento transverso del carpo por los miniabordajes propuestos permite obtener resultados similares a los endoscópicos en las primeras semanas, y superiores a los que se obtienen mediante la cirugía abierta, con bajo índice de complicaciones
Introduction: different techniques have been used to opening of the carpal transverse ligament including the surgical, endoscopy and the mini-approach. Objective: to show the results surgery with mini-approach using one and two incisions. Methods: a prospective study was conducted in168 patients diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. In a group (n= 90) by transverse incision of 1 cm proximal to carpal transverse ligament and in the other (n= 78) were necessary two incisions, one transverse proximal to carpal transverse ligament and the other distal to it. Results: the postoperative assessment at 7 days in operated on using one incision was of 0 in 57 of 90, with two incisions was of 0 in 40 of 78. The patient's satisfaction after one month of surgery using one incision were satisfied 88 of 90, partial satisfaction 2 of 90; two incisions, satisfied 72 of 78 and a partial satisfaction in 5 of 78. A whole incorporation to daily activities was achieved at a postoperative week, one partial incision 80 of 90 and a total of 10 of 90; with two incisions, partial 65 of 78. Tue complications included 6 with both methods one leading and other slight with one incision and 4 slights with two incisions. Conclusions: surgery for opening of carpal transverse ligament by means using the proposed mini-approaches allow the obtaining of results similar to that endoscopy during the first weeks and higher those obtained by open surgery with a low rate of complications
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Síndrome do Túnel Carpal/cirurgia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Este trabajo presenta la experiencia de 64 pacientes tratados con abordaje supraorbitario lateral (key hole): 33 pacientes con hidrocefalia en los que se realizó fenestración de la lamina terminalis, 11 pacientes con extirpación de tumores de base de cráneo, 20 pacientes con aneurisma cerebral de circulación anterior. Se describen algunas modificaciones en la técnica quirúrgica, complicaciones y seguimiento.
This works presents the experience of 64 patients treated with supraorbital approach (key hole): 33 with hydrocephalus in which was performed the fenestration of the lamina terminalis, 11 with cranial basal tumors, 20 with anterior circulation aneurysm. Some modification of the technique, complications and medical following are described.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Criança , Adulto Jovem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Aneurisma Intracraniano/cirurgia , Craniotomia/métodos , Hidrocefalia/cirurgia , Neoplasias Cranianas/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Microcirurgia , Complicações Pós-OperatóriasRESUMO
In the last few years, the use of laparoscopy in veterinary medicine has expanded and consequently so was the need for studies that establish the advantages, disadvantages and possible complications of each procedure. The purpose of the current study was to describe a laparoscopic splenectomy technique and the alterations due to this access, and compare it to the open procedure in dogs. A total of 15 healthy female mongrel dogs were used, with mean weight of 17.4±2.5kg. The animals were distributed into three groups: Group IA of open splenectomy (laparotomy) using double ligation of the vessels of the splenic hilum with poliglicolic acid, Group IB of open splenectomy (laparotomy) with bipolar electrocoagulation of the splenic hilum, and Group II of laparoscopic access with bipolar electrocoagulation of the splenic hilum. Operative time, blood loss, size of incisions, complications during and after surgery were evaluated. Other parameters included pain scores, white blood cell (WBC) counts and postoperative serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose and cortisol. No differences were found in the evaluation of parameters between both open splenectomy techniques employed. Laparoscopic access presented significant differences (p<0,05) when compared with open surgery: Longer operative time, smaller abdominal access, decrease in blood loss, lower concentrations of CRP, higher levels of CK and ALP, and lower scores in the pain scale. Laparoscopic surgery showed fewer complications of the surgical wound. No significant differences were observed between groups in the postoperative temperature, WBC, ALT, cortisol and glucose concentrations. In conclusion, the laparoscopic technique is useful for splenectomy in dogs, being advantageous in terms of blood loss, surgical stress and surgical wounds. However, it expends more operative time and causes transitory...
Nos últimos anos, a utilização da laparoscopia em Medicina Veterinária vem expandindo e, conseqüentemente, a necessidade de pesquisas que determinem as vantagens, desvantagens e possíveis complicações de cada procedimento. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever uma técnica de esplenectomia laparoscópica, assim como as alterações decorrentes deste acesso, e compará-la ao procedimento convencional em cães. Foram utilizadas 15 cadelas hígidas, sem raça definida, com peso médio de 17,4 ±2,5kg. Os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos: Grupo IA de acesso convencional (por laparotomia) utilizando ligadura com ácido poliglicólico no selamento vascular do hilo esplênico, Grupo IB de acesso convencional (por laparotomia) com eletrocoagulador bipolar do hilo esplênico, e Grupo II de acesso laparoscópico com eletrocoagulador bipolar para selamento vascular dos ramos esplênicos. Estes grupos foram avaliados em relação ao tempo cirúrgico, à perda de sangue, ao tamanho das incisões e às complicações durante e após a cirurgia. Também foram comparadas as avaliações da escala de dor e as alterações no leucograma e nas concentrações séricas da alanina aminotransferase (ALT), da fosfatase alcalina (FA), da creatina quinase (CK), da proteína C-reativa (CRP), da glicose e do cortisol no pós-operatório. Os acessos convencionais não diferiram entre si nos parâmetros avaliados. O acesso laparoscópico apresentou diferenças significativas (p<0,05) quando comparado ao convencional: maior tempo cirúrgico, menor acesso abdominal, diminuição na perda de sangue, menores concentrações de CRP, maiores níveis de CK e FA, além de pontuação menor na escala de dor. A cirurgia laparoscópica apresentou menor número de complicações das feridas cirúrgicas. A ALT, o cortisol, a glicemia, o leucograma e a temperatura retal pós-operatórias não diferiram significativamente entre os acessos convencional e laparoscópico. Conclui-se que a cirurgia laparoscópica é viável para...