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1.
Pathogens ; 8(4)2019 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31731617

RESUMO

Candida species are one of the most important causes of human infections, especially in hospitals and among immunocompromised patients. The correct and rapid etiological identification of yeast infections is important to provide adequate therapy, reduce mortality, and control outbreaks. In this study, Candida species were identified in patients with suspected fungal infection, and phenotypic and genotypic identification methods were compared. A total of 167 axenic fungal cultures and 46 clinical samples were analyzed by HardyCHROM®, MicroScan®(Omron Microscan Systems Inc, Renton, WA, USA), and PCR-RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms). The species of the C. albicans complex were the most frequent, followed by C. tropicalis and C. glabrata. Less common but clinically relevant species of Candida were also isolated. The comparison between the three methods was concordant, especially for the most common Candida species. Fungal DNA amplification was successful in all clinical samples.

2.
BMC Microbiol ; 19(1): 106, 2019 05 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31122184

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The introduction of MALDI-TOF MS in the clinical microbiology laboratory has modified the approaches for the identification of fungi. Thanks to this tool, it is possible to identify cryptic species, which possess critical susceptibility patterns. Clinical strains were identified using the MicroScan and MALDI-TOF MS systems. Discrepant results from both methods were investigated using ITS rDNA barcoding. Finally, these isolates were also tested for in vitro susceptibility. RESULTS: The percentage of agreement between both methods to 498 yeast isolates was of 93.6% (32 discrepant isolates). The concordance of ITS sequencing with MALDI-TOF MS was higher (99%) than that of MicroScan (94%). Several of these discordant yeasts displayed high MICs for antifungal agents. CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlights the need of the MS and molecular approaches such as MALDI-TOF MS and ITS rDNA barcoding for the correct identification of emerging or cryptic yeast species; besides, some of these could be multidrug resistant. This work was the first experience in the implementation of the MALDI-TOF MS technology in Colombia. We found the first uncommon yeasts including Candida auris and we could identify Trichosporon faecalis. Our work highlights a clear necessity of an accurate yeast identification as a much more pertinent technique than the susceptibility profiles, because the most unusual yeasts exhibit resistance profiles to the few available antifungals.


Assuntos
DNA Ribossômico/genética , Farmacorresistência Fúngica Múltipla , Micoses/microbiologia , Leveduras/isolamento & purificação , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Colômbia , DNA Fúngico/genética , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz , Atenção Terciária à Saúde , Leveduras/classificação , Leveduras/efeitos dos fármacos , Leveduras/genética
3.
Rev. chil. cir ; 68(5): 349-354, oct. 2016. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-797344

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar la factibilidad de la monitorización en microcirugía por medio de la evaluación no invasiva de la microcirculación con sidestream dark field (SDF) y compararla con otros métodos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio experimental. En 8 cerdos se elevó colgajo pectoral y se disecó pedículo. Se llevó a cabo una instalación sucesiva de dispositivos cutáneos para la evaluación de la microcirculación: SDF para evaluar flujo, y near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) para evaluar saturación de O2 (SatO2). Posteriormente se evaluó la oclusión venosa, arterial y total con pinzamiento durante 180 s. Resultados: SDF en oclusión venosa: disminución del flujo: 51 s (59-62); SDF en oclusión arterial: disminución del flujo: 3 s (1-5); SDF en oclusión vascular total: disminución del flujo: 3,5 s (2-5). NIRS en oclusión venosa: disminución de la SatO2:15,2 ± 5,3%; NIRS en oclusión arterial: disminución de la SatO2 23,9 ± 13,8%; NIRS en oclusión vascular total: disminución de la SatO2 23,85 ± 13,9%. Doppler en oclusión venosa: no desapareció; Doppler en oclusión arterial y oclusión vascular total: desapareció a los 2 s. En cada una de las mediciones, los cambios clínicos fueron más tardíos que los observados con SDF. Conclusión: Es factible la monitorización en microcirugía por medio de la evaluación de la microcirculación con Microscan®. Este método permite realizar el diagnóstico de oclusión vascular más tempranamente que con NIRS y evaluación clínica.


Aim: Determine the feasibility of using SDF Microscan® as a non-invasive method for monitoring free flap microcirculation, and compare it to other methods. Materials and methods: Experimental study. In 8 pigs a pectoral myocutaneous flap was raised. Microcirculation was evaluated using: SDF Microscan®, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), clinical examination and Doppler. Venous, arterial and total occlusion was performed by clamping the vascular pedicle. Mean time to blood flow impairment diagnosis was measured. Results: SDF in venous occlusion: reduced microcirculatory flow index at: 51 s (59-62). SDF in arterial occlusion: reduced microcirculatory flow index at: 3 s (1-5). SDF in total vascular occlusion: reduced microcirculatory flow index at: 3.5 s (2-5). NIRS in venous occlusion: SatO2 decrease was 15.2 ± 5.3%. NIRS in arterial occlusion: SatO2 decrease was 23.9 ± 13.8%. NIRS in total vascular occlusion: SatO2 decrease was 23.85 ± 13.9%. Doppler in venous occlusion: The signal did not disappear. Doppler arterial and total vascular occlusion disappears at 2 s. The clinical changes were later than SDF. Conclusion: Microcirculation monitoring is feasible using SDF Microscan® in a pig model. This method allows to detect blood flow disruption earlier than NIRS and clinical evaluation.


Assuntos
Animais , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/irrigação sanguínea , Microscopia de Vídeo , Microcirculação/fisiologia , Microcirurgia/métodos , Monitorização Fisiológica/instrumentação , Suínos , Modelos Animais
4.
Invest. clín ; Invest. clín;55(4): 297-310, dic. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-783085

RESUMO

El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar la identificación de levaduras de interés clínico por los métodos automatizados Vitek YBC® y Microscan Walk Away RYID® con los métodos fenotípicos convencionales. Se utilizaron 193 aislamientos de levaduras provenientes de muestras clínicas y cinco cepas controles. Todas las levaduras fueron identificadas por los métodos automatizados antes nombrados y los métodos fenotípicos convencionales de asimilación de carbohidratos, visualización de la morfología microscópica con agar harina de maíz y el uso de agar cromogénico. Para evaluar las variables se utilizaron tablas de contingencia de 2×2, Chi cuadrado de Mc Nemar, el índice Kappa, y se calcularon los valores de concordancia, así como los errores mayores y menores de los métodos automatizados. Las levaduras se dividieron en dos grupos: 1) de aislamiento frecuente y 2) de aislamiento poco frecuente. Los sistemas Vitek YBC® y Microscan Walk Away RYID® fueron concordantes en un 88,4 y 85,9% respectivamente, cuando se compararon con los métodos fenotípicos convencionales. Aunque ambos sistemas automatizados se pueden utilizar para la identificación de levaduras, la presencia de errores mayores y menores indica la posibilidad de identificaciones incorrectas, por lo tanto, el operador de estos equipos debe utilizar paralelamente pruebas fenotípicas como la visualización de la morfología microscópica en agar harina de maíz y el agar cromogénico, sobre todo frente a levaduras de aislamiento poco frecuente. Los sistemas automatizados son una herramienta valiosa, sin embargo, la experiencia y el criterio del microbiólogo son una fortaleza importante para asegurar la calidad de los resultados.


The aim of this study was to compare the identification of clinically relevant yeasts by the Vitek YBC® and Microscan Walk Away RYID® automated methods with conventional phenotypic methods. One hundred and ninety three yeast strains isolated from clinical samples and five controls strains were used. All the yeasts were identified by the automated methods previously mentioned and conventional phenotypic methods such as carbohydrate assimilation, visualization of microscopic morphology on corn meal agar and the use of chromogenic agar. Variables were assessed by 2×2 contingency tables, McNemar’s Chi square, the Kappa index, and concordance values were calculated, as well as major and minor errors for the automated methods. Yeasts were divided into two groups: 1) frequent isolation and 2) rare isolation. The Vitek YBC® and Microscan Walk Away RYID® systems were concordant in 88.4 and 85.9% respectively, when compared to conventional phenotypic methods. Although both automated systems can be used for yeasts identification, the presence of major and minor errors indicates the possibility of misidentifications; therefore, the operator of this equipment must use in parallel, phenotypic tests such as visualization of microscopic morphology on corn meal agar and chromogenic agar, especially against infrequently isolated yeasts. Automated systems are a valuable tool; however, the expertise and judgment of the microbiologist are an important strength to ensure the quality of the results.


Assuntos
Humanos , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica/métodos , Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico , Leveduras/classificação , Automação , Estudos Transversais , Micoses/microbiologia , Fenótipo , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Método Simples-Cego
5.
Caracas; s.n; 20080000. 78 p. Tablas, Ilustraciones.
Tese em Espanhol | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1369994

RESUMO

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar y comparar la identificación de levaduras por los métodos automatizados VitekYBC y MicroScan RYID versus la metodología de referencia (asimilación de carbohidratos). Se diseñó un estudio de corte transversal, aleatorio, a ciegas, comparativo y experimental con 193 cepas de levaduras provenientes de muestras clínicas y 5 cepas derivadas de ATCC, las cuales fueron identificadas por la metodología de referencia, acompañada de la morfología microscópica en agar harina de maíz, y por las metodologías automatizadas. Se usaron la prueba de Mc Nemar y el índice Kappa para evaluar si las variables del estudio se relacionaban entre sí y se calcularon los valores de sensibilidad, intervalos de confianza y porcentajes de concordancia. También se calcularon los errores muy mayores (VM), errores mayores (EM) y errores menores (Em) para las metodologías automatizadas. Los sistemas VitekYBC y MicroScanRYID fueron concordantes en un 88,4% (175/198) y 85,9% (170/198) respectivamente cuando se compararon con el método de referencia, por lo tanto, ambos sistemas automatizados se pueden utilizar como métodos de identificación, ya que mostraron una asociación estadísticamente significativa al compararlos con el método de referencia (p<0,05). El sistema VitekYBC presentó EM= 7,1% y Em= 4,5%, mientras que el sistema MicroScanRYID mostró EM= 11,1% y Em= 3,0%. Los métodos automatizados comparados en este estudio tienen niveles de concordancia aceptables, pero presentan EM y Em que pueden causar que el operador de estos equipos incurra en identificaciones incorrectas. Por lo tanto, es indispensable el uso de pruebas complementarias, como la visualización microscópica de la morfología en agar harina de maíz y los medios cromogénicos, cuando se realice la identificación de levaduras mediante sistemas automatizados. Estos sistemas son una herramienta valiosa para la identificación de levaduras, sin embargo, la experiencia del microbiólogo continúa siendo una fortaleza importante para asegurar la calidad de los resultados.


The objective of this work was to evaluate and to compare yeasts identification by the automated methods Vitek YBC and MicroScan RYID versus the reference methodology (carbohydrates assimilation). A comparative, blindly, random, transverse and experimental study was designed with 193 yeasts isolated from clinical samples and 5 strains derived from the ATCC, which were identified by the reference methodology, accompanied by microscopic morphology in corn meal agar, and by the automated methodologies. Kappa index and Mc Nemar test were used to evaluate the relationship among the variables and sensitivity, confidence intervals and agreement percentages were calculated for the automated methodologies. Very major (VM), major (EM), and minor errors (Em) were also calculated. Vitek® YBC and MicroScan RYID® systems were concordant in 88,4% (175/198) and 85,9% (170/198) respectively, when compared with the reference method, therefore, both automated systems can be used as identification methods since they showed an statistically significant association when were compared with the reference method (p<0,05). The Vitek YBC® system presented EM=7,1% and Em=4,5%, while the MicroScan RYID® system showed EM=11,1% and Em = 3,0%. The automated methods compared in this study have acceptable concordant agreement levels, but the presence of EM and Em can cause that the operator of these equipments incurs in incorrect identifications. Therefore, is indispensable the use of complementary tests as morphology microscopic visualization in corn meal agar and use of chromogenic agar when performing yeasts identification by automated methods. These systems are a valuable tool for the yeasts identification, however, the microbiologist experience continues to be an important strength to assure the quality of the results.


Assuntos
Humanos , Leveduras , Carboidratos , Farinha , Micoses , Amostras de Alimentos
6.
Rev. Soc. Venez. Microbiol ; 28(1): 61-65, jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-631652

RESUMO

El lector del panel microbiológico automatizado autoScan®-4 detecta el crecimiento del hongo en diversos sustratos bioquímicos, presentes en los pozos de los paneles del MicroScan®. El propósito de este estudio fue relacionar el ¨biotipo¨ identificado por el MicroScan® con la especie causante de criptococosis, con el objeto de permitir una identificación en el menor tiempo posible. Se evaluaron 82 cepas de Cryptococcus spp. aisladas a partir de muestras clínicas entre 1995 y 2004. Para garantizar la pureza de las cepas, se realizó la identificación de las mismas por métodos convencionales; para identificar las especies se utilizó el medio L-canavanina-glicina-azul de bromotimol (CGB). Se utilizó también el panel de identificación rápida de levaduras del MicroScan®, con el fin de determinar el ¨biotipo¨. El MicroScan® reveló 27 diferentes ¨biotipos¨. De los 82 aislados tipificados con el uso del medio CGB, el 91,46 % correspondieron a C. neoformans y 8,54 % a C. gattii. No se encontró una diferencia significativa entre los ¨biotipos¨ y las especies (p>0,05). Sin embargo, se encontró significancia estadística entre las especies C. gattii y C. neoformans y la asimilación de p-nitrofenil-N-acetil-ß-D-glucosamina (NAG) (p<0,05). El panel de identificación rápida de levaduras del MicroScan® no fue capaz de diferenciar ambas especies.


The automated reader of the AutoScan® -4 microbiological panels detects fungi growth in various biological substrates present in the MicroScan® panel wells. The purpose of this study was to relate the biotype identified by the MicroScan® with the species causing the criptococcosis, in order to obtain identification in the shortest possible period. The evaluation included 82 Cryptococcus spp. strains isolated from clinical samples between 1995 and 2004. To guarantee the purity of the strains they were also identified by conventional methods; to identify the species we used L-canavanin-glycine-bromthymol blue medium (CGB). We also used the fast yeast identification MicroScan® panel with the purpose of determining the “biotype”. The MicroScan® revealed 27 different “biotypes”. Of the 82 isolates typed with the CGB medium, 91.46% corresponded to C. neoformans and 8.5% to C. gattii. No significant difference was found among the “biotypes” and the species (p<0,05). Nevertheless, there was a statistically significant difference between the assimilation of p-nitrophenil-N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosamine (NAG) (p<0.05) by the C. gattii and the C. neoformans species. The fast yeast identification MicroScan® panel was not able to differentiate between both species.

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