RESUMO
Human Pegivirus Type 1 (HPgV-1), a ubiquitous commensal virus, has been recently suggested as a marker of immunologic function. There is scarce data for the presence, genotypes, and molecular characteristics of HPgV-1 among kidney transplant recipients. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and the molecular characteristics (cycle threshold, genotypes) of this viral infection among kidney transplant recipients from the Brasília, Federal District of Brazil. HPgV-1 RNA detection in the plasma was assessed by RT-qPCR. Positive samples were submitted to sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the 5´-UTR portion of the viral genome. The estimated HPgV-1 prevalence among renaltransplant recipients was 20%. The performed phylogenetic inference revealed that the most frequent genotype among these patients was HPgV-1 genotype 2 (78.9%) presented by its two subgenotypes (2 A and 2B), followed by genotypes 1 and 3 (10.5% each). This study presents new data about the HPgV-1 circulation and molecular characteristics among kidney transplant recipients from the Federal District of Brazil. Further work is fundamental to examine the effect of HPgV-1 among patients with immunological suppression, including kidney transplant recipients.
RESUMO
Fulminant hepatitis is a severe clinical disease characterized by a marked decline in liver function and encephalopathy. In a previous survey, using metagenomics in a group of 27 patients with this clinical condition, we observed an expressive quantity of reads of the Human pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1). Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency, molecular features, and HPgV-1 circulating genotypes in patients with fulminant hepatitis. After testing the collected plasma samples, we discovered twelve samples (44.4%) that were positive for HPgV-1 RNA (using both real-time and nested PCR). The positive samples presented a mean cycle threshold (Ct) of 28.5 (±7.3). Genotyping assignments revealed that all HPgV-1 positive samples belonged to the HPgV-1 genotype 2 (both subgenotypes 2A and 2B were identified). Although HPgV-1 is considered a commensal virus, little is known regarding its prevalence and genotypes in cases of fulminant hepatitis. More research is needed to understand whether HPgV-1 can be implicated in clinical disorders and infectious diseases.
RESUMO
Coinfection of HPgV-1 with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is common due to shared modes of transmission, with a prevalence of HPgV-1 viremia of approximately 20% among individuals with chronic HCV infection. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of HPgV-1 RNA and circulating genotypes in patients with hepatitis C from a health service located in the city of Belém, in the state of Pará, Northern Brazil. A total of 147 samples were included in the study from February to December 2019. Among the participants, 72.1% (106/147) were monoinfected with HCV, with detectable HCV viral RNA, and 27.9% (41/147) were coinfected with HCV/HPgV-1. The most frequently found genotypes were HPgV-1 genotypes 1 and 2 (36.6% and 63.4%), respectively. While for HCV there was a predominance of genotypes 1 and 3 (58.5% and 41.5%). No significant differences were found when comparing any risk, sociodemographic, or clinical factors between groups. Also, there was no statistically significant difference when relating the viral genotypes of both agents. This study indicated that the prevalence of infection by HPgV-1 is high in HCV carriers in Belém, Pará, and probably does not change the clinical course of HCV infection, however, further studies are still needed.
Assuntos
Coinfecção , Hepatite C Crônica , Hepatite C , Humanos , Hepatite C Crônica/complicações , Hepatite C Crônica/epidemiologia , Hepacivirus/genética , Brasil/epidemiologia , Pegivirus , Prevalência , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/complicações , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Genótipo , RNARESUMO
Fulminant hepatitis is a severe clinical disease characterized by a marked decline in liver function and encephalopathy. In a previous survey, using metagenomics in a group of 27 patients with this clinical condition, we observed an expressive quantity of reads of the Human pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1). Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency, molecular features, and HPgV-1 circulating genotypes in patients with fulminant hepatitis. After testing the collected plasma samples, we discovered twelve samples (44.4%) that were positive for HPgV-1 RNA (using both real-time and nested PCR). The positive samples presented a mean cycle threshold (Ct) of 28.5 (±7.3). Genotyping assignments revealed that all HPgV-1 positive samples belonged to the HPgV-1 genotype 2 (both subgenotypes 2A and 2B were identified). Although HPgV-1 is considered a commensal virus, little is known regarding its prevalence and genotypes in cases of fulminant hepatitis. More research is needed to understand whether HPgV-1 can be implicated in clinical disorders and infectious diseases.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of Human Pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1) viremia and genotype diversity among healthy blood donors from the Eastern Brazilian Amazon (city of Macapá, State of Amapá). There is little information for prevalence and circulation of HPgV-1 in this remote Brazilian region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a study evaluating the HPgV-1 RNA prevalence and circulating genotypes in 431 volunteer blood donors originating from the Eastern Brazilian Amazon. The obtained HPgV-1 positive samples were submitted to sequencing and genotyping analysis in order to examine the genotype diversity of this virus in the Brazilian Amazon. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated a prevalence of HPgV-1 RNA in 9.5% of the tested blood donors. The phylogenetic analyses of the detected positive samples showed the presence of HPgV-1 genotypes 1, 2 and 3. The most frequently detected genotype was 2 (78.0% of the cases) represented by sub-genotypes 2A (39.0%) and 2B (39.0%). At lower rates, genotypes 1 (14.6%) and 3 (7.4%) were also detected. CONCLUSION: Our results revealed the presence of genotypes with European, Asiatic and African endemicity in Amazonian blood donors, probably due to the complex miscegenation processes that took place in this Brazilian region. More investigations, including information for the prevalence of HPgV-1 RNA in blood donors from other Latin American countries are needed to estimate the viremic rates and genotype distribution of this virus in a highly diverse continent like South America.
Assuntos
Doadores de Sangue , Infecções por Flaviviridae/epidemiologia , Vírus GB C/genética , Hepatite Viral Humana/epidemiologia , RNA Viral/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto , África/etnologia , Ásia/etnologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Europa (Continente)/etnologia , Feminino , Infecções por Flaviviridae/virologia , Vírus GB C/isolamento & purificação , Genótipo , Hepatite Viral Humana/virologia , Migração Humana , Humanos , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de RNA , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Human pegivirus (HPgV-1, GBV-C) is classified within the Pegivirus genus of the Flaviviriade family. The natural history of HPgV-1 infection is still unclear, however, the main route of viral transmission seems to be the parenteral one. The detection of HPgV-1 viremia in blood donors without parenteral exposure demonstrates that other routes of HPgV-1 transmission might also exist. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPgV-1 RNA and circulating genotypes among blood donors from a intra-hospital Hemotherapy Service localized in the Santa Maria city, central part of the Rio Grande do Sul State in the extreme South of Brazil. METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from 373 volunteer blood donors and tested for the presence of HPgV-1 RNA. All positive for RNA samples were submitted to sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of the HPgV-1 RNA was 5.9% (22/373). The performed phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a predominant detection of genotype 2 with its both subgenotype forms (95.5% of all isolates i.e 54.5% belonging to subgenotype 2 A and 40.9% belonging to subgenotype 2B). Only one sequence was classified as genotype 3 (1/22, 4.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates the circulation pattern and genotypes of HPgV-1 among volunteer blood donors of South Brazil, and adds to the global knowledge of the natural history and possible transmission routes of this viral agent with putative impact on the area of hemotherapy.