RESUMO
PIP: This Resolution creates a National Fund for Peace, with initial assets of 35 million quetzales, to execute programs and projects directed at refugees and other persons affected by the internal armed struggle in Guatemala. The direction, administration, and supervision of the Fund are the responsibility of a Directing Council, Executive Directorate, Department for the Formulation of Programs and Projects, and a Department of Finance. The Council is headed by the President of Guatemala and is composed of representatives of various government agencies. Its primary duty is to prescribe the Government's policy of financial and technical support for the above-mentioned programs and projects and to become acquainted with and, when appropriate, approve programs of national interest in these areas as formulated by public and private organizations. Further provisions of the Resolution set forth the duties of the other departments of the Fund and the Government's role in providing resources for the Fund.^ieng
Assuntos
Financiamento Governamental , Planejamento em Saúde , Legislação como Assunto , Organização e Administração , Refugiados , América , América Central , Demografia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Emigração e Imigração , Administração Financeira , Guatemala , América Latina , América do Norte , População , Dinâmica Populacional , MigrantesRESUMO
PIP: This document contains major provisions of the constitution adopted by Brazil on 5 October 1988. This constitution seeks to promote the welfare of all citizens without discrimination. The equality of all citizens is guaranteed, and the equal rights of women are specifically mentioned. Property rights are also guaranteed and defined. Female inmates are granted the right to remain with their children while breast feeding. Workers are guaranteed a minimum wage, a family allowance for dependents, maternity/paternity leave, specific incentives to protect the labor market for women, retirement benefits, free day care for preschool-age children, pay equity, and equal rights between tenured and sporadically employed workers. Agrarian reform provisions are given, including the authority to expropriate land. Social and economic policies to promote health are called for, and public health services are to be decentralized, to be integrated, and to foster community participation. Pension plan and social assistance provisions are outlined as are duties of the state in regard to education. The amount of money to be dedicated to education is set out, and a national educational plan is called for to achieve such goals as the eradication of illiteracy, the universalization of school attendance, the improvement of instruction, and the provision of vocational training. Specific measures are set out to protect and preserve the environment. Family policy deals with issues of marriage, the definition of a family, divorce, the right to family planning services, and the deterrence of domestic violence. Social protection provisions cover mothers and children, handicapped persons, and protection of minors. Finally, the customs and rights of Indians are protected, with special provisions given to protect land tenure and to protect the rights of Indians in water resource development and prospecting and mining activities.^ieng
Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Constituição e Estatutos , Economia , Educação , Emprego , Política de Planejamento Familiar , Financiamento Governamental , Direitos Humanos , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Assistência Pública , Saúde Pública , Política Pública , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Direitos da Mulher , América , Brasil , Cultura , Demografia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Meio Ambiente , Etnicidade , Administração Financeira , Saúde , América Latina , População , Características da População , Classe Social , Planejamento Social , América do SulRESUMO
This Decree, which is aimed at guaranteeing health care for all the people of Costa Rica, recognizes the right of persons insured by the State to receive, without direct payment, services to protect their health in the facilities of the Costa Rica Social Security Fund. A person insured by the State is defined as a user of health services not included in any of the schemes, categories, or agreements of the Fund and who cannot pay for health services. Further provisions of the Decree set forth rules on determining who is eligible to receive health services and the financing of such services, among other things.
Assuntos
Financiamento Governamental , Serviços de Saúde , Seguro Saúde , Previdência Social , América , América Central , Costa Rica , Atenção à Saúde , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Administração Financeira , Saúde , América Latina , América do NorteRESUMO
This Decree amends Section 44 of the Constitution of Uruguay to read as follows: "44. The State shall legislate on all matters related to public health and hygiene, and shall assure the improvement of the physical, moral, and social well-being of all the inhabitants of the country. All inhabitants shall have a duty to care for their own health and to have themselves treated in the event of disease. The State shall make available, without charge, means of prevention and medical care to indigent persons or to persons lacking sufficient resources."
Assuntos
Constituição e Estatutos , Financiamento Governamental , Serviços de Saúde , Saúde Pública , América , Atenção à Saúde , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Administração Financeira , Saúde , América Latina , América do Sul , UruguaiRESUMO
This Decree sets forth the organization and functioning of Mexico's National Institute of Perinatology. The objectives of the Institute are the following: 1) to support the functioning and consolidation of the National Health System and to contribute to the fulfillment of the right to health protection with respect to perinatal care; 2) to support the execution of sectoral health programs within the scope of the System's functions and services; 3) to provide health services to women experiencing high risk pregnancies, in particular, services related to preventive and curative medicine and surgical procedures; 4) to provide medical consultation and hospital assistance, as well as services for human reproduction, growth, and development, in the installations created for this purpose; these services will either be free of charge or the charge will be based on the social and economic conditions of the users; 5) to provide measures of social assistance for those patients who lack economic resources; 6) to conduct studies and clinical research in the biomedical field and related sciences for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of perinatal diseases and in compliance with the provisions of the General Health Law and applicable regulations; 7) to provide technical and scientific information on health findings and improvements as well as to publish the outcome of studies and work undertaken; 8) to promote and hold meetings and carry out scientific national or international exchange programs with similar institutions; 9) to advise and deliver opinions to the Health Secretary when requested; 10) to function as an advisory committee for the relevant institutions of the Federal Public Administration and social and private institutions in this field; 11) to exploit specialized human resources for attention to perinatal problems in compliance with the applicable regulations; 12) to organize and implement educational and professional programs in the field of perinatal care for the professional, technical, and auxiliary staff; 13) to confer academic awards and give recognition to studies in compliance with applicable regulations; 14) to promote the execution of health protection activities according to the applicable regulations; 15) to provide all other services and necessary activities to fulfill the goals of this Decree and other applicable regulations. Further provisions of the Decree deal with the duties of the Governing Board and the Director General, among other things.
Assuntos
Comunicação , Consultores , Financiamento Governamental , Educação em Saúde , Planejamento em Saúde , Legislação como Assunto , Centros de Saúde Materno-Infantil , Organização e Administração , Pesquisa , América , Atenção à Saúde , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Educação , Administração Financeira , Saúde , Serviços de Saúde , América Latina , México , América do Norte , Atenção Primária à SaúdeRESUMO
This Law and regulatory Decree No. 2017 of 12 October 1988 (Diario Oficial, No. 38531, 12 October 1988, pp. 1-7) establish new procedures for the distribution of rural land in Colombia. A major aspect of these laws is the incorporation of the National Council of Economic and Social Policy (CONPES) into the planning and control of the agriculture reform scheme. According to these regulations, the Colombian Institute for Agriculture Reform (INCORA) will be in charge of the creation of the Annual Plan of Activities which establishes the regions subject to a land distribution plan under the supervision of CONPES. Once the Annual Plan of Activities is formulated, the regulations authorize INCORA to negotiate directly with the owners of the lands covered by the regional plan. For this purpose, the land is subject to technical analysis consisting of an on-site visit during which the quality, improvement, and value of the machinery attached to the land are assessed. After the analysis is completed, an offer will be made to the owner, who has a period of 15 days to accept or reject it. If the offer is rejected, INCORA will initiate an expropriation proceeding. Payment will be made in government bonds, maturing in five years. The owners have a right to seek the exclusion of their lots from regional plans. A second major aspect of these laws is that their objectives include not only the redistribution of the land but also the creation of adequate infrastructure for the development of regions subject to agrarian reform. Projects for the construction of railroads or other means of transportation, public service facilities, and cultural centers will be carried out keeping in mind the principle that respect for environmental concerns be maintained.
Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Economia , Financiamento Governamental , Planejamento em Saúde , Legislação como Assunto , Meios de Transporte , América , Colômbia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Meio Ambiente , Administração Financeira , América Latina , Organização e Administração , Planejamento Social , América do SulRESUMO
This Law contains rules on the expropriation of land that was not broken into parcels as mandated by Article 105 of the Constitution of El Salvador. Such land is to be taken over by the Government unless it is the land of farming cooperatives or communities. Under the Law, a legal presumption exists that the owner of such land is responsible for the fact that it has not been broken up. The Salvadoran Institute of Agrarian Transformation (ISTA) is charged with taking possession and disposing of expropriated land. It is to determine indemnification for the land and to pay indemnification by means of agrarian reform bonds, which can be used by the holder for financing various agricultural projects. It is to transfer the land to farmers, farming communities, and farming cooperatives, with preference given to those already exploiting the land; no individual is to receive more than seven hectares. ISTA is also to set the terms by which those given land are to pay for it, and, in no case, is it to receive less than it gave to those from whom it expropriated the land.
Assuntos
Agricultura , Economia , Financiamento Governamental , Legislação como Assunto , América , América Central , Países em Desenvolvimento , El Salvador , Emprego , Administração Financeira , Mão de Obra em Saúde , América Latina , América do Norte , Planejamento SocialRESUMO
This Law creates a Special Technical Commission in El Salvador to collect information, investigate, and make decisions on the transfer of property belonging to the State. State property includes property belonging to the State at the national, regional, and local levels as well as land belonging to official autonomous institutions and public law corporations. Such property is eligible for transfer if it is not indispensable for state activities and if it is suitable for agriculture. Under the Law, all government bodies, official autonomous institutions, and public law corporations have the duty to report to the Commission the status of their property. After the Executive determines which properties are to be transferred, the property will be paid for through agrarian reform bonds. The property will be transferred to farmers with no land or with insufficient land and to farming cooperatives. Preference will be given to farmers without land and to those who have been exploiting the land subject to transfer. Persons acquiring land will pay for it through mortgages in favor of state agrarian reform agencies.
Assuntos
Agricultura , Economia , Financiamento Governamental , Legislação como Assunto , Organização e Administração , América , América Central , Países em Desenvolvimento , El Salvador , Emprego , Administração Financeira , Mão de Obra em Saúde , América Latina , América do Norte , Planejamento SocialRESUMO
This Act sets forth the basic forestry law of Uruguay. It defines forest land and the duties of the forestry service, which include afforestation and the protection of forests. Forest land is divided into two categories, public and private. Afforestation by the owners of private land is obligatory when declared necessary by a Presidential Order. If the required planting is not completed, the owner is subject to a monthly fine and the land may be taken by the State. Both kinds of land are subject to basic protection provisions, including limitations on operations and transfers affecting protection and natural forests and general requirements concerning fire protection, pests, and diseases. Any unauthorized operation prejudicial to a protected forest is prohibited and the author is required to reforest without the benefit of financial incentives. In addition, the Act gives the authorities the power to prohibit transit, settlement, logging, grazing, and other activities in state forests. The Act also establishes a Forestry Fund and provides for the encouragement of afforestation through tax and financial benefits and direct intervention. It calls for an amount equivalent to the cost of 10,000 hectares of reforestation to be set aside for forest development each year and requires the Executive to produce a five-year forestry plan setting the number of hectares to be reforested each year. Further provisions of the Act describe enforcement procedures and penalties, among other things.
Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Financiamento Governamental , Legislação como Assunto , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Árvores , América , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Meio Ambiente , Administração Financeira , América Latina , América do Sul , UruguaiRESUMO
This Decree contains the text of the National Forestation Plan of Uruguay. The general objective of the plan is to carry out the first stage of a program formulated in cooperation with the Japanese Government to increase national forests in the next five years so as to create a balance between forest products needed and forest products produced. The Plan is to cost four million dollars each year for five years and is to be carried out by the private sector under supervision by the State. Further provisions of the Decree set forth the justification, dimensions, affected localities, and benefits of the Plan.
Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Financiamento Governamental , Legislação como Assunto , Árvores , América , Ásia , Países Desenvolvidos , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Meio Ambiente , Ásia Oriental , Administração Financeira , Japão , América Latina , América do Sul , UruguaiRESUMO
This Decree provides that the Chilean Government will confer a housing subsidy under the following conditions: 1) each beneficiary is entitled to only one subsidy; 2) the subsidy is to be a supplement to money saved and at the immediate disposal of the beneficiary; 3) in general, the subsidy is to be used to finance the acquisition or construction of new housing; and 4) the housing must be intended as the permanent residence of the beneficiary. Two kinds of subsidies are to be granted: a direct subsidy in specific amounts not to exceed 75% of the house value and an indirect subsidy to subsidize mortgages. Under the Decree, single or married persons who have reached the age of majority and minors who are married and employed are eligible for subsidies. Applicants awarded subsidies are to be determined on a regional basis according to the particular conditions of the applicants, such as the amount saved by the applicant, lot availability, number of family members, length of time of savings, and the amount of credit needed. Once housing is acquired, a beneficiary may not for five years sell, transfer, rent, or use the housing for any purpose other than living there permanently. Provisions of this Decree were amended by Decree No. 114 of 8 July 1988 (Diario Oficial, No. 33.140, 6 August 1988) and Decree No. 135 of 2 August 1988 (Diario Oficial, No. 33.146, 13 August 1988).
Assuntos
Financiamento Governamental , Habitação , Legislação como Assunto , Assistência Pública , América , Chile , Demografia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Economia , Administração Financeira , Geografia , América Latina , População , Características de Residência , América do SulRESUMO
This Decree and Decree 1906, which it amends, mandate the formation of a Special Commission charged with reviewing all loan applications in Venezuela for the acquisition or construction of low-income housing filed in mortgage banks, financing institutions, or savings and loan institutions. Under the Decrees, builders of low-income housing complexes can receive up to 60% of the cost as a loan and buyers up to 75%. Loans will be granted to individual buyers only if they lack housing or their current housing does not meet minimum standards; they can make an initial payment of 15% of the selling price, and monthly payments on the loan do not exceed 30% of their salary. Loans are, in general, to be made at a 9% yearly interest rate. Repayment for loans made for the construction of rental units or the individual purchase of units is set at 20 years. Repayment for loans for the construction of units for sale is set between 18 and 36 months.