RESUMO
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective mechanisms of delayed-phase morphine preconditioning on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Thirty healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: a sham operation group (C), ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R), and delayed-phase morphine preconditioning group (M) (N = 10/group). Rabbits in the C group received thoracotomy for 160 min. Rabbits in the I/R group received left artery blockage for 40 min and reperfusion for 120 min. Rabbits in the M group received 1.0 mg/kg intravenous morphine 24 h prior to the identical treatment as the rabbits in the I/R group. In each group, the interleukin (IL)-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were detected at five time points: 20 min before the left coronary artery blockage (T1), 20 and 40 min after the left coronary artery blockage (T2 and T3, respectively), and 1 and 2 h after the myocardial reperfusion (T4 and T5, respectively). After reperfusion, the infarction size was measured with Evans blue and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Compared with the C group, serum IL-10 and TNF-α concentrations increased in the I/R and M groups; the difference was significant (P < 0.05). When compared with the I/R group, the IL-10 concentrations in the M group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), but the infarction size and TNF-α concentrations were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). These results suggested that delayed-phase morphine preconditioning might achieve myocardial protection through the regulation and balance of inflammatory cytokines.
Assuntos
Precondicionamento Isquêmico/métodos , Morfina/farmacologia , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Interleucina-10/sangue , Masculino , Coelhos , Distribuição Aleatória , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/sangue , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/patologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/sangueRESUMO
We isolated and characterized 22 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the crimson snapper (Lutjanus erythropterus) using a (GT)13-enriched genomic library. We found three to 15 alleles per locus, with a mean of 6.68. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.087 to 0.978 and from 0.125 to 0.904, respectively, with averages of 0.576 and 0.650, respectively. Only three loci showed significant deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction. Four loci showed evidence for null alleles. These markers will be useful for analyzing the population genetic structure and gene flow of L. erythropterus.
Assuntos
Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Perciformes/genética , Alelos , Animais , Fluxo Gênico , Variação Genética , Genética Populacional , Biblioteca Genômica , Heterozigoto , Polimorfismo Genético , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
This study aimed to investigate the protective effects and the mechanisms underlying these effects of isoflurane preconditioning in the delayed phase of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. We randomly divided 30 healthy male New Zealand white rabbits into three groups with 10 rabbits in each group as follows: sham operation group (C group), ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R group), and 2.0% isoflurane preconditioning group (S group). Rabbits in the C group received thoracotomy for 160 min. Rabbits in the I/R group underwent left coronary artery occlusion for 40 min and reperfusion for 120 min. Rabbits in the S group received inhalation of 2.0% isoflurane and 100% oxygen for 2 h; after 24 h, rabbits in this group received the same treatment as that administered to rabbits in the I/R group. We examined the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels in each group 20 min before occlusion of the left coronary, 20 and 40 min after occlusion of the left coronary artery, and 1 and 2 h after myocardial reperfusion. After reperfusion, immunoblotting was used to measure the myocardial caspase-3 expression levels, and the infarct size was measured using Evans blue and tetrazolium chloride staining. The levels of TNF-α and caspase-3 were lower in the S group than in the I/R group, and the myocardial infarct size decreased in the S group. Thus, isoflurane preconditioning in the delayed phase exerted protective effects by decreasing the myocardial caspase-3 expression and TNF-α production in a rabbit model of ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Assuntos
Caspase 3/metabolismo , Precondicionamento Isquêmico/métodos , Isoflurano/farmacologia , Traumatismo por Reperfusão Miocárdica/metabolismo , Traumatismo por Reperfusão Miocárdica/prevenção & controle , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Animais , Caspase 3/biossíntese , Masculino , Modelos Animais , Miocárdio/metabolismo , CoelhosRESUMO
The purpleback flying squid (Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis) is a pelagic squid with tremendous potential for commercial exploitation. We isolated and characterized 21 polymorphic microsatellite loci for S. oualaniensis using a (GT)13-enriched genomic library. The number of alleles per locus varied from 6 to 32. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.188 to 0.890, and 0.537 to 0.968, respectively. No significant linkage disequilibrium was detected at these loci. Five loci significantly deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and four loci may have exhibited null alleles. These microsatellite markers will facilitate further studies in population genetics and the sustainable utilization of S. oualaniensis.