RESUMO
One Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated as FH14T, was isolated from nodules of Phaseolus vulgaris grown in Hidalgo State of Mexico. Results based upon 16S rRNA gene (≥99.8 % similarities to known species), concatenated sequence (recA, atpD and glnII) analysis of three housekeeping genes (≤93.4 % similarities to known species) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values of genome sequence (ranged from 87.6 to 90.0 % to related species) indicated the distinct position of strain FH14T within the genus Rhizobium. In analyses of symbiotic genes, only nitrogen fixation gene nifH was amplified that had nucleotide sequence identical to those of the bean-nodulating strains in R. phaseoli and R. vallis, while nodulation gene nodC gene was not amplified. The failure of nodulation to its original host P. vulgaris and other legumes evidenced the loss of its nodulation capability. Strain FH14T contained summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω6c/C18:1 ω7c, 59.96 %), C16:0 (10.6 %) and summed feature 2 (C12:0 aldehyde/unknown 10.928, 10.24 %) as the major components of cellular fatty acids. Failure to utilize alaninamide, and utilizing L-alanine, L-asparagine and γ-amino butyric acid as carbon source, distinguished the strain FH14T from the type strains for the related species. The genome size and DNA G+C content of FH14T were 6.94 Mbp and 60.8 mol %, respectively. Based on those results, a novel specie in Rhizobium, named Rhizobium hidalgonense sp. nov., was proposed, with FH14T (=HAMBI 3636T = LMG 29288T) as the type strain.
Assuntos
Endófitos/isolamento & purificação , Phaseolus/microbiologia , Rhizobium/isolamento & purificação , Nódulos Radiculares de Plantas/microbiologia , Microbiologia do Solo , Alanina/metabolismo , Asparagina/metabolismo , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Composição de Bases , Sequência de Bases , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Endófitos/classificação , Endófitos/genética , Endófitos/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos/química , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , México , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Rhizobium/classificação , Rhizobium/genética , Rhizobium/metabolismo , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Solo/química , SimbioseRESUMO
In order to investigate bean-nodulating rhizobia in different types of soil, 41 nodule isolates from acid and alkaline soils in Mexico were characterized. Based upon the phylogenetic studies of 16S rRNA, atpD, glnII, recA, rpoB, gyrB, nifH and nodC genes, the isolates originating from acid soils were identified as the phaseoli symbiovar of the Rhizobium leguminosarum-like group and Rhizobium grahamii, whereas the isolates from alkaline soils were defined as Ensifer americanum sv. mediterranense and Rhizobium radiobacter. The isolates of "R. leguminosarum" and E. americanum harbored nodC and nifH genes, but the symbiotic genes were not detected in the four isolates of the other two species. It was the first time that "R. leguminosarum" and E. americanum have been reported as bean-nodulating bacteria in Mexico. The high similarity of symbiotic genes in the Rhizobium and Ensifer populations showed that these genes had the same origin and have diversified recently in different rhizobial species. Phenotypic characterization revealed that the "R. leguminosarum" population was more adapted to the acid and low salinity conditions, while the E. americanum population preferred alkaline conditions. The findings of this study have improved the knowledge of the diversity, geographic distribution and evolution of bean-nodulating rhizobia in Mexico.