RESUMO
OBJETIVOS: O objetivo principal deste estudo foi avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde com relação ao gerenciamento de uma situação de emergência envolvendo deslocamento acidental da cânula de traqueostomia. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo exploratório com profissionais de saúde (médicos, fisioterapeutas e enfermeiros) da unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital universitário, em Salvador-BA, no período de julho a setembro de 2007. Para tanto, foi traduzido e adaptado um questionário semi-estruturado retirado de um estudo prévio. As perguntas foram: 1- você já lidou com esta situação? 2- Qual seria a sua primeira conduta? 3 - Você sabe o que são as suturas de ancoragem? 4 - Como as suturas de ancoragem devem ser utilizadas em uma emergência? 5 - Você sabe o que é e como deve ser utilizado o obturador? RESULTADOS: A amostra foi composta por 41 profissionais (nove médicos, 20 enfermeiros e 12 fisioterapeutas). A análise descritiva demonstrou que 63 por cento dos profissionais nunca vivenciaram esta intercorrência. Uma análise dos subgrupos evidenciou que 42 por cento dos fisioterapeutas, 56 por cento dos médicos e 69 por cento dos enfermeiros agiriam de forma inadequada nesta situação. Uma análise global, com relação ao nível de conhecimento sobre as suturas de ancoragem, demonstrou que 78 por cento dos entrevistados não sabiam o que eram e como utilizá-las, assim como 63,4 por cento afirmaram desconhecer a forma correta de utilização do obturador. CONCLUSÕES: O nível de conhecimento dos profissionais avaliados, referente ao manejo da traqueostomia em uma situação de emergência, foi insuficiente. Uma maior deficiência foi detectada com relação ao conhecimento e a utilização das suturas de ancoragem.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge of health care professionals in an emergency situation related to tracheostomy tube displacement METHODS: a descriptive and exploratory study was carried out with the intensive care unit health professionals of a university hospital in Salvador, Brazil, from July to September 2007. For this purpose, a questionnaire was translated and adapted from a previous study. Questions were: 1- Have you dealt with this emergency? 2 - What is the first thing you do? 3- Do you know what the stay sutures are for? 4 - How are they used in an emergency setting? 5 -Do you know what to do with the introducer? RESULTS: the sample comprised 41 professionals (nine physicians, 20 nurses and 12 physiotherapists). A descriptive analysis showed that 63 percent of professionals had never experienced such complications. Analysis of a subgroup showed that 42 percent of physiotherapists, 56 percent of physicians and 69 percent of nurses would act inappropriately. Analyzing the level of knowledge about the importance of stay sutures, the study showed that 78 percent of the sample did not know what they were or how to use them, and 63.4 percent did not know how to use the introducer correctly. CONCLUSIONS: , regarding the use of a tracheostomy tube in a situation of emergency, the level of knowledge of the professionals evaluated was insufficient. The greatest shortcoming was detected in the level of knowledge about stay sutures.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge of health care professionals in an emergency situation related to tracheostomy tube displacement METHODS: a descriptive and exploratory study was carried out with the intensive care unit health professionals of a university hospital in Salvador, Brazil, from July to September 2007. For this purpose, a questionnaire was translated and adapted from a previous study. Questions were: 1- Have you dealt with this emergency? 2 - What is the first thing you do? 3- Do you know what the stay sutures are for? 4 - How are they used in an emergency setting? 5 -Do you know what to do with the introducer? RESULTS: the sample comprised 41 professionals (nine physicians, 20 nurses and 12 physiotherapists). A descriptive analysis showed that 63% of professionals had never experienced such complications. Analysis of a subgroup showed that 42% of physiotherapists, 56% of physicians and 69% of nurses would act inappropriately. Analyzing the level of knowledge about the importance of stay sutures, the study showed that 78% of the sample did not know what they were or how to use them, and 63.4% did not know how to use the introducer correctly. CONCLUSIONS: , regarding the use of a tracheostomy tube in a situation of emergency, the level of knowledge of the professionals evaluated was insufficient. The greatest shortcoming was detected in the level of knowledge about stay sutures.
RESUMO
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O desmame da ventilação mecânica é um desafio na prática da unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) e está relacionado a diversas complicações. Uma dessas complicações relaciona-se ao laringoespasmo pós-extubação, evento que muitas vezes pode ser previsto através do teste de escape do balonete (TEB). O objetivo deste estudo foi demonstrar que o TEB é um método simples, confiável e de baixo custo para avaliar o grau de obstrução de via aérea superior em pacientes no processo de desmame da ventilação mecânica. CONTEÚDO: Foi realizada revisão sistemática da literatura através das bases de dados MedLine, SciElo e LILACS com publicações entre 1995 e 2007. Os artigos incluídos abordaram o uso do teste do balonete como índice preditivo para laringoespasmo e falha na extubação traqueal. Não fizeram parte estudos com animais e revisões bibliográficas. Procurou-se relacionar o TEB com tempo de ventilação mecânica, idade e grupos específicos de pacientes que se beneficiaram com a técnica. CONCUSÕES: O TEB pode ser considerado bom índice preditivo para identificar a presença de laringoespasmo pós-extubação, quando levadas em consideração as características da população estudada.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Weaning patients from mechanical ventilation is a challenge in the intensive care unit (ICU) practice and is related to some complications. One of these is the pos-extubation laryngospasm, an event that can be anticipated for the cuff leak test (CLT). The objective was demonstrate that the CLT is a simple, reliable and low costs method to available the presence of obstruction in high airway in patients under weaning ventilator. CONTENTS: It was made a systematic review in databases MedLine, SciElo and LILACS with articles from 1995 to 2007. The selected studies focused the use of the CLT to predict laryngospasm and extubation failure. It was excluded studies with animals and others literature reviews. It was looked correlates the CLT with mechanical ventilation's days, age and specific groups that could beneficiates with the application of this technique. CONCLUSIONS: The CLT can be considerate a good index to predict laryngospasm pos-extubation, when considerate the studied population characteristics.
Assuntos
Intubação Intratraqueal/estatística & dados numéricos , Laringismo/diagnóstico , Respiração Artificial/efeitos adversosRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Weaning patients from mechanical ventilation is a challenge in the intensive care unit (ICU) practice and is related to some complications. One of these is the pos-extubation laryngospasm, an event that can be anticipated for the cuff leak test (CLT). The objective was demonstrate that the CLT is a simple, reliable and low costs method to available the presence of obstruction in high airway in patients under weaning ventilator. CONTENTS: It was made a systematic review in databases MedLine, SciElo and LILACS with articles from 1995 to 2007. The selected studies focused the use of the CLT to predict laryngospasm and extubation failure. It was excluded studies with animals and others literature reviews. It was looked correlates the CLT with mechanical ventilation's days, age and specific groups that could beneficiates with the application of this technique. CONCLUSIONS: The CLT can be considerate a good index to predict laryngospasm pos-extubation, when considerate the studied population characteristics.
RESUMO
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O trauma cranioencefálico (TCE) constitui um problema de saúde mundial, muito destes pacientes evoluem com insuficiência respiratória necessitando de intubação traqueal e suporte ventilatório artificial, apresentando como complicações freqüentes a síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo (SDRA). Dessa forma, este estudo teve o objetivo de descrever a prática clínica diária sobre o manuseio ventilatório destes pacientes. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados quais os modos e os parâmetros ventilatórios utilizados para ventilar os pacientes com TCE e SDRA por uma amostra de fisioterapeutas da cidade de Salvador, BA, a partir de um estudo descritivo, por meio de entrevistas face-a-face no período de outubro de 2005 a março de 2006. Para tanto foi elaborado um questionário semi-estruturado contendo variáveis sócio-demográficas, o perfil do hospital e a estratégia ventilatória aplicada em pacientes com TCE que viessem desenvolver a SDRA. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi composta por 70 fisioterapeutas, 41 (58,6 por cento) eram do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 31,2 ± 6,4 (24-49) anos e tempo de formado 7,7 ± 6,4 (1-27) anos, dos quais 37 (52,9 por cento) trabalham em hospital público; 67 (95,7 por cento) têm alguma especialização. Sessenta e quatro fisioterapeutas afirmam utilizar o modo pressão controlada (PCV). A pressão de pico e a pressão platô desejada para ventilar os pacientes com TCE e SDRA foram em média, de 35,6 ± 5,3 (25-50) e 28,4 ± 5,8 (15-35) cmH2O, respectivamente. Quarenta e oito entrevistados (68,6 por cento) afirmaram desejar ventilar os pacientes com TCE e SDRA com a PaCO2 entre 30 e 35 mmHg. Trinta e um (44,3 por cento) dos entrevistados afirmaram encontrar a PEEP ideal através da PEEP que ofertasse melhor SpO2 com menor FiO2. CONCLUSÔES: É incontestável que a estratégia ventilatória de paciente com TCE grave que venha a desenvolver LPA ou SDRA constitua um autêntico desafio; observa-se uma predileção pelo...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a healthy-world problem, some of his patients develop respiratory failure, requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation, and the most common complications are the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In this way, this study has the objective describe the daily clinical practice of respiratory care in this patients submit mechanical ventilation. METHODS: The methods and ventilatories parameters used to ventilate the patients with TBI and ARDS has been evaluated by a sample of physiotherapists from the city of Salvador, BA, from a descriptive study. The data were collected by face-to-face interviews in the period of October 2005 to March 2006. For in such way a half structuralized questionnaire was elaborated contends changeable social-demographic, about the hospital profile and the applied ventilatory strategy in patients with TBI that come to develop ARDS. RESULTS: The sample was composed by 70 physiotherapists, 41 (58.6 percent) was female, with mean of age of 31.2 ± 6.4 (24-49) years-old and graduated time 7.7 ± 6.4 (1-27) years, which 37 (52.9 percent) works on public hospital; 67 (95.7 percent) has any specialization. Sixty four physiotherapists affirm the usage of the pressure controlled ventilation mode. The peak pressure and the plateau pressure wanted to ventilate the patients with TBI and ARDS were in mean 35.6 ± 5,3 (25-50) and 28,4 ± 5,8 (15-35) cmH2O respectively. Forty eighty (68.6 percent) of the interviewed wants a PaCO2 in 30-35 mmHg. Thirty one (44.3 percent) of the interviewed finds the ideal PEEP through the best SpO2 with minor FiO2. CONCLUSIONS: It's incontestable that the ventilatory strategy of a patient with severe TBI that become to develop ALI or ARDS is an authentic challenge; a predilection for PCV mode is observed due to the already known protective ventilation strategy.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório , Respiração Artificial/efeitos adversos , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/complicações , Especialidade de Fisioterapia , Serviço Hospitalar de Fisioterapia/organização & administraçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a healthy-world problem, some of his patients develop respiratory failure, requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation, and the most common complications are the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In this way, this study has the objective describe the daily clinical practice of respiratory care in this patients submit mechanical ventilation. METHODS: The methods and ventilatories parameters used to ventilate the patients with TBI and ARDS has been evaluated by a sample of physiotherapists from the city of Salvador, BA, from a descriptive study. The data were collected by face-to-face interviews in the period of October 2005 to March 2006. For in such way a half structuralized questionnaire was elaborated contends changeable social-demographic, about the hospital profile and the applied ventilatory strategy in patients with TBI that come to develop ARDS. RESULTS: The sample was composed by 70 physiotherapists, 41 (58.6%) was female, with mean of age of 31.2 ± 6.4 (24-49) years-old and graduated time 7.7 ± 6.4 (1-27) years, which 37 (52.9%) works on public hospital; 67 (95.7%) has any specialization. Sixty four physiotherapists affirm the usage of the pressure controlled ventilation mode. The peak pressure and the plateau pressure wanted to ventilate the patients with TBI and ARDS were in mean 35.6 ± 5,3 (25-50) and 28,4 ± 5,8 (15-35) cmH2O respectively. Forty eighty (68.6%) of the interviewed wants a PaCO2 in 30-35 mmHg. Thirty one (44.3%) of the interviewed finds the ideal PEEP through the best SpO2 with minor FiO2. CONCLUSIONS: It's incontestable that the ventilatory strategy of a patient with severe TBI that become to develop ALI or ARDS is an authentic challenge; a predilection for PCV mode is observed due to the already known protective ventilation strategy.