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Introducción: Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TICs) son un recurso a través del cual los profesionales de la salud pueden proporcionar apoyo y asesoría a distancia. Objetivo: Describir las experiencias de una cuidadora familiar (CF) con el uso de las TICs en la implementación de una intervención educativa como apoyo para su autocuidado y el cuidado del adulto mayor (AM). Metodología: Estudio de caso con abordaje cualitativo. Una pasante de la licenciatura en Enfermería y Obstetricia implementó una intervención educativa en una CF del 15 diciembre 2020 al 25 junio 2021, periodo de pandemia por COVID-19. La recolección de datos se realizó a partir de entrevistas a profundidad, mensajes de texto y voz de WhatsApp, así como por observación. Se realizó análisis de contenido tipo temático según de Souza Minayo. Resultados: Se identificó el teléfono celular como el dispositivo más utilizado, las funciones de videollamada y mensaje de voz de WhatsApp como las herramientas más útiles y preferidas por la CF, y las infografías y videos como los materiales educativos más adecuados para esta población. Limitaciones: Solo se incluyó una CF y un AM, lo cual puede generar un sesgo de respuesta, ya que la CF quizás estuvo más motivada y dispuesta a participar que otros cuidadores hipotéticos. Valor: Implementar un nuevo canal de comunicación entre el profesional de enfermería, el AM, la CF y otros familiares. Conclusiones: El uso de las TICs fue aceptado por la CF para recibir capacitación en su autocuidado y cuidado del AM.
Introduction: Health professionals can use Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to provide support and advice at a distance. Objective: Description of the experiences of a family caregiver (FC) with the use of ICTs in the implementation of an educational intervention to support her self-care and the care of the Older Adult (OA). Methodology: Case study with qualitative approach. An undergraduate intern in Nursing and Midwifery implemented an educational intervention with a FC from December 15, 2020 to June 25, 2021, during the covid-19 pandemic. Data collection was gathered with in-depth interviews, Whatsapp text and voice messages, as well as direct observation. Thematic type content analysis was performed according to de Souza Minayo. Results: The cell phone was identified as the most used device, Whatsapp video call and voice message functions as the most useful and preferred tools by the FC, and infographics and videos as the most appropriate educational materials for this population. Limitations: Only one female FC and one male OA were included in this study. This may generate response bias, as the FC was perhaps more motivated and willing to participate than other hypothetical caregivers. Value: Implementation of a new communication channel between the nursing professional, the OA, the FC, and other family members. Conclusions: Training in the use of ICTs was accepted by the FC to improve her self-care and care of the OA.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Cuidadores , Idoso , Telefone Celular , Tecnologia da Informação , Enfermeiras e EnfermeirosRESUMO
Tortuguero, Costa Rica is considered the second largest green turtle (Chelonia mydas) rookery in the world. By 1950, Tortuguero was one of the sites with the greatest take of green turtles in the Caribbean. Currently, Tortuguero is a worldwide example for ecotourism-based on sea turtle conservation. However, illegal take of nesting turtles still occurs. We aimed to describe the illegal take at Tortuguero, estimating the minimum number of sea turtles taken using data collected during daily and weekly track surveys from 2005 to 2021. Additionally, we conducted 12 semi-structured interviews with key informants to obtain a better understanding of this activity. We documented 735 nesting turtles illegally taken at Tortuguero, being the green turtle the most affected species; these findings were also supported by our interviewees. Respondents stated that in Tortuguero the take of sea turtles has always occurred and traditions regarding sea turtle meat consumption are still present, even though it is considered shameful in the village. However, our interviewees affirmed that most of the sea turtles taken are traded to other locations away from Tortuguero. Our findings represent the minimum of illegal take (documented only at the beach), as not all the sea turtles taken were observed. Finally, despite long-standing conservation efforts carried out in Tortuguero, further changes in the National Park's management plans are needed, including more personnel and increased law enforcement. This may be necessary to reduce the impact on the Tortuguero green turtle nesting population in the near future.
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Tartarugas , Animais , Região do Caribe , Costa Rica/epidemiologia , Comportamento de Nidação , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , CrimeRESUMO
Costa Rica hosts two renowned olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) arribada beaches: Nancite and Ostional. In addition, the country hosts a third nascent arribada beach in Corozalito. We documented the frequency of arribada events in Corozalito (9°50'55.40â³ N; 85°22' 47.67â³ W) from 2008 to 2021 and the abundance of egg-laying females during 12 arribadas. Moreover, we report on tag recaptures at Corozalito that were initially deployed at other nesting beaches in Costa Rica. Finally, we estimated incubation temperature, and performed quadrat and nest excavations to estimate hatching rates. We registered 29 arribadas at Corozalito since 2008, all between August and January. We estimated more than 150,000 olive ridleys nested during 12 arribadas from 2019 to 2021. Mean hatching success was 65% in quadrats and 59% for in situ marked nests. The mean incubation temperature was 32.3 °C. We found turtles tagged at other locations on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica nesting at Corozalito, providing evidence of philopatric plasticity. We suggest nascent arribada rookeries form rapidly via recruitment from regional turtle aggregations. Our findings show that hatching success is far higher at Corozalito than Ostional or Nancite. Continued monitoring of nesting dynamics at this site may shed light upon the mechanisms that rule how arribada beaches are born and evolve. Corozalito offers a unique opportunity to study and understand the arribada phenomenon and warrants official protection under official National Wildlife Refuge status.
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Using UV-Vis spectrophotometry a stability study of melatonin at different pH values was done in aqueous media, finding that at acidic pH melatonin is unstable when interacting with the environment, however it becomes stable protecting it from light and oxygen. From the UV-Vis spectra and SQUAD software, melatonin pKa values, in a completely protected aqueous medium, were estimated as 5.777±0.011 and 10.201±0.024. Using the same techniques, the melatonin and ß-cyclodextrin inclusion complex formation constants were assessed at pH3, 7 and 11.5, giving the values of log ß=(3.07±0.06), (2.94±0.01) and (3.07±0.06) M-1, respectively. From the global acidity formation constants and the complexes' formation constants, the molar fractions were determined for each species of MT and MT-ßCD, to build the molar fraction-[ßCD]-pH 3D diagram and the molar fraction-pH 2D diagrams, where it was possible to observe the predominance of the MT species with and without ßCD. A voltammetric study at pH3, allowed obtaining a value of log ß=(3.15±0.01) M-1, which corroborates that obtained through UV-Vis spectrophotometry, supporting strongly the rationale behind using simple, straightforward techniques.
Assuntos
Melatonina/química , Espectrofotometria , beta-Ciclodextrinas/química , Eletroquímica , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Cinética , Espectrofotometria UltravioletaRESUMO
Knowledge of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal assemblages in the Trachypogon savanna ecosystems is very important to a better understanding of the ecological processes mediated by this soil microbial group that affects multiple ecosystem functions. Considering the hypothesis that the biocrusts can be linked to vegetation through the arbuscular fungi mycelial network, the objectives proposed in this study were to determine (i) whether there are arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the biocrusts (ii) whether arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal assemblages are linked to the Trachypogon patches, and (iii) whether the composition of the assemblages is related to soil properties affected by microbiological activity. The community structure of the AMF was investigated in three habitats: rhizospheric soil and roots of Trachypogon vestitus, biological soil crusts, and bare soil. The canonical correspondence analysis showed that two soil properties related to enzymatic activity (protease and ß-glucosidase) significantly affected the community composition of the AMF. The biocrusts in the Venezuelan savanna are colonized by an AM fungal community linked to that of the bare soil and significantly different from that hosted by the roots of the surrounding T. vestitus, suggesting that assemblages of AMF in biocrusts might be related more closely to those of annual plant species appearing in favorable conditions.
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Pradaria , Micorrizas , Poaceae , Microbiologia do Solo , Ecossistema , Raízes de Plantas , Rizosfera , Solo , VenezuelaRESUMO
Several studies have suggested that significant embryo mortality is caused by microbes, while high microbial loads are generated by the decomposition of eggs broken by later nesting turtles. This occurs commonly when nesting density is high, especially during mass nesting events (arribadas). However, no previous research has directly quantified microbial abundance and the associated effects on sea turtle hatching success at a nesting beach. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the microbial abundance in olive ridley sea turtle nest sand affects the hatching success at Ostional, Costa Rica. We applied experimental treatments to alter the microbial abundance within the sand into which nests were relocated. We monitored temperature, oxygen, and organic matter content throughout the incubation period and quantified the microbial abundance within the nest sand using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) molecular analysis. The most successful treatment in increasing hatching success was the removal and replacement of nest sand. We found a negative correlation between hatching success and fungal abundance (fungal 18S rRNA gene copies g(-1) nest sand). Of secondary importance in determining hatching success was the abundance of bacteria (bacterial 16S rRNA gene copies g(-1) g(-1) nest sand). Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that high microbial activity is responsible for the lower hatching success observed at Ostional beach. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism appears to be the deprivation of oxygen and exposure to higher temperatures resulting from microbial decomposition in the nest.
Assuntos
Microbiota , Comportamento de Nidação , Tartarugas , Animais , Costa Rica , Metagenoma , TemperaturaRESUMO
Knowledge of the natural diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and understanding of their biogeographical patterns and what drive them might help to the maintenance and preservation of ecosystems under a changing environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of different environmental factors to the determination of the composition of AMF assemblages in representative sites within the Morrocoy National Park (Venezuela). The community structure of the AMF under the canopy of Coccoloba uvifera was investigated in four cays (Borracho, Muerto, Peraza, and Paiclás) and one mainland location (Las Luisas). Based on partial sequences of the nuclear small subunit ribosomal DNA gene, the AM fungi in soil samples were divided into 31 operational taxonomic units, grouped in eight families. The canonical correspondence analysis showed that environmental factors related to insularity (the mean annual rainfall, the distance to the mainland coast, and the cay land area) and a soil property related to biological activity (the total carbohydrate content) were significantly related to the distribution of the AMF communities.
Assuntos
Antozoários/microbiologia , Recifes de Corais , Micorrizas/classificação , Animais , Micorrizas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Venezuela , Microbiologia da ÁguaRESUMO
Objetivos: Evaluar la magnitud de la infección por el virus del dengue después del primer brote presentado en el distrito de Casma, Ancash (febrero - abril 2002). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio seroepidemiológico postepidémico, se procesaron 400 muestras de sangre total recolectados en papel de filtro, las que fueron obtenidas por muestreo probabilístico, bietápico y de conglomerados en población del distrito de Casma. Se consideró comopositivo a todo paciente con resultado positivo del ELISA de captura para IgM e IgG para dengue. Resultados: La prevalencia de infección en base a la encuesta seroepidemiológica encontrada fue de 14,1 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 9,8 - 18,4 por ciento), por lo que se estima se presentaron 3939 (I.C.95 por ciento 2723- 5113) infecciones por el virus del dengue serotipo 1 en el distrito de Casma durante la epidemia de febrero a mayo del año 2002. El 60 por ciento de los casos positivos presentó sintomatología, el sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica notificó sólo 832 casos de dengue clásico, sin presentación de formas graves. Conclusiones: La seroprevalencia del primer brote de dengue en Casma en abril del año 2002 fue de 14,1 por ciento. El sistema de notificación obligatoria de la vigilancia epidemiológica detectó 21 por ciento del total estimado de personas infectadas (aproximadamente 1:5); y 35,2 por ciento de los casos que tuvieron sintomatología.
Objectives: To assess the extent of dengue fever virus infection after the first outbreak that occurred in Casma District, Ancash (February to April 2002). Materials and methods: A seroepidemiological study was performed after the outbreak, 400 blood specimens obtained using a probabilistic, two-staged and conglomerate sampling technique were collected in filter paper, and they were analyzed for this study. A patient was considered as infected if a positive result in the IgM and IgG capture-ELISA for dengue fever was found. Results: Prevalence of dengue fever infection on the basis of this seroepidemiological survey was 14,1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9,818,4%). Consequently, it is estimated that 3939 cases of dengue fever serotype 1 infection occurred in Casma District during the outbreak from February to May 2002. 60% of all positive cases developed symptoms, the Epidemiological Surveillance system reported only 832 cases of classic dengue fever and no severe cases were found. Conclusions: Seroprevalence in the first dengue fever outbreak in Casma District in April 2002 was 14,1% The epidemiological surveillance system detected 21% of the total estimated number of infected persons (approximately 1:5); and 32,5% of cases that developed symptoms.
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Dengue , Estudos Transversais , Monitoramento Epidemiológico , PeruRESUMO
The objective of our study was to assess the response of physical (aggregate stability and bulk density) and biological (enzyme activities and microbial biomass) soil quality indicators to the adoption of agroecological management practices, such as the planting of forage species (forage area) and the rotation of local crops (polycrop area), carried out in a representative tropical pasture on an integrated livestock-crop farm. The pasture system was used as control (pasture area). In all three areas, the values of water-soluble C were higher in the rainy season compared to the dry season. Pasture and forage areas had the highest percentage of stable aggregates in the rainy season, while polycrops developed soils with less stable aggregates. Soil bulk density was lower in the pasture and forage areas than in the polycrop area. In the pasture area, the microbial biomass C values, dehydrogenase, urease, protease-BAA, acid phosphatase, and beta-glucosidase activities were higher than in the forage and polycrop areas, particularly in the dry season. The highest increase in the microbial biomass C in the rainy season, with respect to the dry season, was recorded in the pasture area (about 1.2-fold). In conclusion, the planting of forage species can be considered an effective practice for carrying out sustainable, integrated livestock-crop systems, due to its general maintenance of soil quality, while the adoption of polycrop rotations appears to be less favorable because it decreases soil quality.
Assuntos
Agricultura , Microbiologia do Solo , Solo , Biomassa , Cuba , Monitoramento Ambiental , Poaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Controle de Qualidade , Estações do Ano , Clima TropicalRESUMO
This study evaluates the effects of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 receptor (IGF-1R) down-regulation in stimulated T lymphocytes by investigating the expression of early activation proteins CD69, CD25, and interleukin (IL)-2. We found that IGF-1 does not modify CD69 expression but increases transcription and protein synthesis of CD25 and IL-2. The lowest level of IGF-1R detected after 15 min of activation suggested that the effects of IGF-1 occur at the initiation of cell activation. The activation of IGF-1R was confirmed by IGF-1R phosphorylation and increased phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein kinase. We also detected the alternative IGF-1 transcripts Ea, with paracrine/autocrine regulation, and Eb, with endocrine regulation, in Jurkat cells and in quiescent T lymphocytes, and we detected IGF-1 protein in the culture medium after stimulation. These data suggest that the proliferative effects of IGF-1 on T lymphocytes include both autocrine/paracrine and endocrine processes.
Assuntos
Proteínas Imediatamente Precoces/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/farmacologia , Ativação Linfocitária , Linfócitos T/efeitos dos fármacos , Antígenos CD/efeitos dos fármacos , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Antígenos de Diferenciação de Linfócitos T/efeitos dos fármacos , Antígenos de Diferenciação de Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Regulação para Baixo , Humanos , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/genética , Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Células Jurkat , Cinética , Lectinas Tipo C , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Receptor IGF Tipo 1/metabolismo , Receptores de Interleucina-2/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Transcrição Gênica/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The Wobbler mouse, a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), presents motorneuron degeneration and pronounced astrogliosis in the spinal cord. We have studied factors controlling astrocyte proliferation in cultures derived from Wobbler and control mice spinal cord. Basal rate of [3H]thymidine incorporation was 15 times lower in Wobbler astrocytes. While in control cultured cells interleukin-1alpha (IL-1) and corticosterone (CORT) significantly increased proliferation, both agents were inactive in Wobbler astrocytes. The lack of response to CORT was not due to the absence of glucocorticoid receptors, because similar receptor amounts were found in Wobbler and control astrocytes. In contrast to IL-1 and CORT, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) substantially increased proliferation of Wobbler astrocytes but not of control cells. Differences in response to TGF-beta1 were also obtained by measuring glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreaction intensity, which was substantially higher in Wobbler astrocytes. Thus, abnormal responses to different mitogens characterized Wobbler astrocytes in culture. We suggest that TGF-beta1 may play a role in the reactive gliosis and GFAP hyperexpression found in the degenerating spinal cord of this model of ALS.
Assuntos
Astrócitos/metabolismo , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/metabolismo , Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Animais , Astrócitos/citologia , Astrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Divisão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Corticosterona/farmacologia , Feminino , Proteína Glial Fibrilar Ácida/metabolismo , Gliose/genética , Gliose/patologia , Interleucina-1/farmacologia , Cinética , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Camundongos Mutantes Neurológicos , Doença dos Neurônios Motores/genética , Doença dos Neurônios Motores/patologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Pregnatrienos/farmacologia , Valores de Referência , Medula Espinal/citologia , Medula Espinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Timidina/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/farmacologiaAssuntos
Fator V/genética , Mutação , Trombose Venosa/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Argentina , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Trombose Venosa/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Glial cell-derived nitric oxide (NO.) and its regulation has significant implications for central nervous system pathophysiology. The aim of the present study was to determine the production of NO. by cultured rat astrocytes and peritoneal macrophages, and its regulation by glucocorticoids. Results corroborate the presence of both constitutive and induced NO. synthase (cNOS and iNOS) in astrocytes, while macrophages express only the inducible isoform. Dexamethasone was able to decrease NO. synthesis produced by induction of iNOS in macrophage and astrocyte phagocytosis, but not the NO. produced by the cNOS spontaneously expressed in cultured astrocytes
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Animais , Ratos , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Astrócitos/citologia , Astrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Astrócitos , Células Cultivadas , Córtex Cerebral/citologia , Dexametasona/farmacologia , Glucocorticoides/farmacologia , Óxido Nítrico , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
Glial cell-derived nitric oxide (NO.) and its regulation has significant implications for central nervous system pathophysiology. The aim of the present study was to determine the production of NO. by cultured rat astrocytes and peritoneal macrophages, and its regulation by glucocorticoids. Results corroborate the presence of both constitutive and induced NO. synthase (cNOS and iNOS) in astrocytes, while macrophages express only the inducible isoform. Dexamethasone was able to decrease NO. synthesis produced by induction of iNOS in macrophage and astrocyte phagocytosis, but not the NO. produced by the cNOS spontaneously expressed in cultured astrocytes
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Astrócitos , Células Cultivadas , Córtex Cerebral , Dexametasona , Glucocorticoides , Óxido Nítrico , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
Glial cell-derived nitric oxide (NO.) and its regulation has significant implications for central nervous system pathophysiology. The aim of the present study was to determine the production of NO. by cultured rat astrocytes and peritoneal macrophages, and its regulation by glucocorticoids. Results corroborate the presence of both constitutive and induced NO. synthase (cNOS and iNOS) in astrocytes, while macrophages express only the inducible isoform. Dexamethasone was able to decrease NO. synthesis produced by induction of iNOS in macrophage and astrocyte phagocytosis, but not the NO. produced by the cNOS spontaneously expressed in cultured astrocytes.
Assuntos
Astrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Astrócitos/metabolismo , Dexametasona/farmacologia , Glucocorticoides/farmacologia , Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Astrócitos/citologia , Células Cultivadas , Córtex Cerebral/citologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
Glial cell-derived nitric oxide (NO.) and its regulation has significant implications for central nervous system pathophysiology. The aim of the present study was to determine the production of NO. by cultured rat astrocytes and peritoneal macrophages, and its regulation by glucocorticoids. Results corroborate the presence of both constitutive and induced NO. synthase (cNOS and iNOS) in astrocytes, while macrophages express only the inducible isoform. Dexamethasone was able to decrease NO. synthesis produced by induction of iNOS in macrophage and astrocyte phagocytosis, but not the NO. produced by the cNOS spontaneously expressed in cultured astrocytes.
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Waking EEG was recorded from left and right parietals in 60 adult Wistar rats gonadectomized after puberty during 5 days, 1 as baseline, 1 with vehicle and 1 with 10 mg/kg i.m. of diazepam with hormonal treatment (either testosterone propionate, 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone or vehicle in males and progesterone, estradiol benzoate or vehicle in females). Quantitative EEG analysis showed that: diazepam in gonadectomized males increased absolute power of alpha, beta 1 and beta 2, increased interparietal correlation of delta and decreased interparietal correlation of slow theta, fast theta and beta 1, whereas in gonadectomized females, diazepam additionally decreased slow and fast theta absolute power. EEG effects were not modified by testosterone propionate or 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone treatment in males. Diazepam plus estradiol rendered the female EEG response similar to the gonadectomized or testosterone-treated males response; diazepam plus progesterone induced the same response in females as in gonadectomized females and additionally induced interparietal asymmetry and decreased interparietal correlation of all EEG bands. Present results and information on the effects of diazepam on interparietal coupling of EEG and demonstrate that the EEG response to diazepam in adult rats is sexually dimorphic and depends on sex as well as on activational effects of gonadal steroids.
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Ansiolíticos/farmacologia , Diazepam/farmacologia , Eletroencefalografia/efeitos dos fármacos , Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais/farmacologia , Lobo Parietal/efeitos dos fármacos , Maturidade Sexual/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Di-Hidrotestosterona/farmacologia , Dominância Cerebral/efeitos dos fármacos , Estradiol/análogos & derivados , Estradiol/farmacologia , Potenciais Evocados/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Análise de Fourier , Masculino , Progesterona/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Processamento de Sinais Assistido por Computador , Testosterona/farmacologiaRESUMO
Although it is known that IGF-1 increases T lymphocyte proliferation, the regulation of its receptor expression during the process has not been defined. Consequently the regulation of IGF-1R expression by IGF-1 and the activation events in human blood T lymphocytes and the Jurkat T cell line were now investigated. IGF-1R expression in nonstimulated Jurkat cells was confirmed and downregulation by IGF-1 was demonstrated. In addition, both cell types showed a time-dependent reduction in the number of IGF-1R-positive cells following activation, which was increased by IGF-1. In Jurkat cells the negative regulation of IGF-1R levels was correlated with the appearance and continuous increase in IL-2R. In T lymphocytes the decrease in IGF-1R expression was faster, reaching its plateau after 3 h of activation. Our findings suggest that loss of the IGF-1R is one of the initial events of the activation process not regulated by IL-2.
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Ativação Linfocitária , Receptor IGF Tipo 1/biossíntese , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Regulação para Baixo , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/farmacologia , Células Jurkat , Linfócitos T/efeitos dos fármacosAssuntos
Infecções por HIV/genética , HIV-1 , Receptores CCR5/genética , Alelos , Argentina/epidemiologia , Criança , Feminino , Genótipo , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , Leucócitos Mononucleares , Masculino , GravidezRESUMO
Astrocytes participate in central nervous system injury, degenerative diseases and also perform macrophagic functions. The present work investigates: 1) the effect of the physiological glucocorticoid corticosterone (CORT) and the synthetic agonist dexamethasone (DEX) on latex beads phagocytosis by neonatal rat cortical astrocytes in culture, and 2) the expression of immunoreactive glucocorticoid receptors (GR) in astrocytes cultured in different media with or without a pulse application of CORT. The results indicated that glucocorticoids reduced astrocyte phagocytic activity, as occurred with macrophages, independently of the culturing conditions employed. The extent of phagocytosis was inversely related to nuclear immunostaining for GR in cultures in fetal calf serum, which contained endogenous glucocorticoid. However, no correlation was found between nuclear GR and phagocytosis for cultures in glucocorticoid-free medium or in medium containing CORT. It is suggested that additional factors, besides the GR, may be involved in glucocorticoid modulation of astrocyte phagocytosis.