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Osteosarcopenia is a major driver of functional loss and a risk factor for falls, fractures, disability and mortality in older adults, urgently requiring the development of effective interventions to address it. The hallmarks of aging provide a theoretical and practical framework that allows for the structured organization of current knowledge and the planning of new development lines. This article comprehensively reviews the currently available literature on the role of the hallmarks of aging in the development of osteosarcopenia, thereby offering a panoramic view of the state of the art and knowledge gaps in this field.
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Radiata pine bark is a widely available organic waste, requiring alternative uses due to its environmental impact on soil, fauna, and forest fires. Pine bark waxes could be used as cosmetic substitutes, but their toxicity requires evaluation since pine bark may contain toxic substances or xenobiotics, depending on the extraction process. This study evaluates the toxicity of radiata pine bark waxes obtained through various extraction methods on human skin cells grown in vitro. The assessment includes using XTT to evaluate mitochondrial activity, violet crystal dye to assess cell membrane integrity, and ApoTox-Glo triple assay to measure cytotoxicity, viability, and apoptosis signals. Pine bark waxes extracted via T3 (acid hydrolysis and petroleum ether incubation) and T9 (saturated steam cycle, alkaline hydrolysis, and petroleum ether incubation) exhibit non-toxicity up to 2% concentration, making them a potential substitute for petroleum-based cosmetic materials. Integrating the forestry and cosmetic industries through pine bark wax production under circular economy principles could promote development while replacing petroleum-based materials. Extraction methodology affects pine bark wax toxicity in human skin cells due to the retention of xenobiotic compounds including methyl 4-ketohex-5-enoate; 1-naphthalenol; dioctyl adipate; eicosanebioic acid dimethyl ester; among others. Future research will investigate whether the extraction methodology alters the molecular structure of the bark, affecting the release of toxic compounds in the wax mixture.
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Pinus , Humanos , Pinus/química , Casca de Planta/química , Alcanos , CerasRESUMO
RESUMEN Introducción: Los hábitos alimentarios en escolares se han relacionado con las habilidades cognitivas y el rendimiento académico. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre hábitos alimentarios y rendimiento académico en escolares chilenos. Métodos: Estudio transversal en 733 escolares de quinto al octavo básico. Se evaluaron hábitos alimentarios mediante frecuencia de consumo de grupos de alimentos, tiempos de comida, habilidades culinarias y gusto por preparar alimentos. Estas variables se relacionaron con calificaciones de las asignaturas de matemática y lenguaje. Resultados: Los escolares presentaron baja proporción de frecuencia de consumo saludable (FCS). Las niñas presentaron mayor FCS de pan (p<0,001), los niños presentaron mayor FCS de lácteos (p= 0,016). Por sexo, se observó diferencia en el rendimiento académico en lenguaje (p= 0,013). La FCS de lácteos se asoció con diferencias del rendimiento académico en lenguaje (p= 0,017) y matemática (p= 0,035). Desayunar se asoció a diferencias en el rendimiento académico en matemática (p= 0,028) y lenguaje (p= 0,001). No consumir pasteles y masas dulces (p= 0,016), y papas fritas, completos y masas fritas (p= 0,025) se asoció al rendimiento académico en matemática. Un 29,1% tiene habilidades culinarias, siendo 54% niñas (p= 0,006). La presencia de habilidades culinarias se relacionó significativamente con 7 de los 12 grupos de alimentos analizados. Conclusión: Los hábitos alimentarios se asociaron con el rendimiento académico de escolares.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Eating habits in school-age children have been associated with cognitive skills and academic performance. Aim: To determine the relationship between eating habits and academic performance in Chilean school-age children. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 733 school-age children. Eating habits were assessed by the frequency of consumption of food groups, mealtimes, cooking skills and if they liked to cook. Grades of math and language subjects were reported. Results: There was a low proportion of healthy consumption frequency (HCF). Girls had a higher HCF of bread (p<0.001), boys had a higher HCF of dairy (p= 0.016). By sex, academic performance in language was different in girls (p= 0.013). HCF of dairy was associated with academic performance in language (p= 0.017) and mathematics (p= 0.035). Eating breakfast was associated with academic performance in mathematics (p= 0.028) and language (p= 0.001). Not consuming cakes and sweet doughs (p= 0.016), French fries, hot dogs and sopaipillas (p= 0.025) was associated with academic performance in mathematics. 29.1% of children had cooking skills, 54.0% being girls (p= 0.006). Having cooking skills was significantly associated with 7 of the 12 food groups analyzed. Conclusion: Eating habits are associated to the academic performance of Chilean school-age children.
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La enfermedad de Chagas, endémica en Argentina, transcurre en dos fases: aguda y crónica. En los pacientes seropositivos al VIH, el Trypanosoma cruzi afecta a aquellos con inmunodeficiencia severa, se localiza principalmente en el sistema nervioso central y menos frecuentemente en el miocardio. La distinción entre miocarditis aguda y reactivación de la infección crónica, no es sencilla. El bajo recuento de linfocitos T CD4+ es un factor predictivo positivo de reactivación. En los enfermos con inmunodeficiencia avanzada, los resultados negativos de las pruebas serológicas no excluyen el diagnóstico de enfermedad de Chagas, que se confirma por la aplicación de métodos directos en sangre o líquido cefalorraquídeo. Se presenta el caso de un paciente infectado por el VIH, adquirido por transmisión vertical, con inmunodeficiencia severa, miocarditis aguda y compromiso del SNC. La parasitemia y parasitorraquia positivas para T. cruzi, establecieron la asociación de estos síntomas con la enfermedad de Chagas(AU)
Chagas disease, endemic in Argentina, goes through two stages: acute and chronic. In VIH seropositive patients, Trypanosomacruzi affects those with severe immunodeficiency; it is mainly located in the central nervous system and less frequently in the myocardium. Distinction between acute myocarditis and chronic infection reactivation is not simple. Low T CD4+ lymphocyte count is a positive predictive factor of reactivation. In patients with advanced immunodeficiency, negative results of serological tests do not exclude diagnosis of Chagas disease which may bre confirmed through the application of direct methods in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The case of a VIH infected patient who got the disease through vertical transmission with severe immunodeficiency, acute myocarditis and central nervous system damage. Positive parasitemia and parasitorrachya for T. cruzi established the association between these symptoms and Chagas disease(AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/complicações , Soropositividade para HIV/complicações , Meningoencefalite/diagnóstico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Doença de Chagas/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Las psoriasis es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica de piel, caracterizada por placas eritemato-descamativas, únicas o múltiples, en ocasiones generan rechazo y segregación social. con el objetivo de conocer la calidad de vida en pacientes con reciente diagnóstico de psoriasis que acuden al Servicio de Dermatología, se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal dentro del paradigma cuantitativo. El muestreo probabilístico, tuvo tamaño de 104 pacientes. La recolecciónde datos se realizó mediante los cuestionarios: Índice dermatológico de calidad de vida, Graffar Méndez Castellanos. En los resultados predomino el sexo masculino 50,96% (53/ 104 casos) la edad promedio fue 35,70 años, estrato socioeconómico IV (42,17%), 37,5% (39 casos) .sostuvo que en Poco grado ha representado el tratamiento de su dermopatía un problema, seguido de aquellos pacientes que afirmaron en Nada tal tratamiento representa un problema y 36,54% demuestra la preocupación de los pacientes por su condición. Se sugiere estudiar la calidad de vida en estos pacientes en forma periódica a fin de objetivar el impacto de las terapias en la vida del paciente.
Psoriasis is a chronic and relapsing disease affecting patients in many ways especially their quality of life, using triggers, be affected in a health, social, labor, without leaving aside the psychological health of the patient the objetive was. To describe the life quality in patients presenting to Dermatology Service, CHET diagnosed with psoriasis. We performed a descriptive crosssectional non-experimental, with a sample consist of 104 patients diagnosed with psoriasis attending the consultation of psoriasis of the Dermatology Service, CHET Data collection is performed by the test Dermatology Life Quality Index, Graffar Mendez Castellanos. The main results observed the mean age of 35.70 years, largely male 50.96% (53/104 cases), prevailing socioeconomic stratum Graffar IV (42.17%), 37.5% (39 cases) held that in lesser degree has represented dermopathy treatment of a problem, followed by those patients whom reported such treatment in Nothing is a problem.
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INTRODUCTION: Patients in underdeveloped nations have limited access to life-saving medical technology including cardiac rhythm management (CRM) devices. We evaluated alternative means to provide such technology to this patient population while assessing the safety and efficacy of such a practice. METHODS: Patients in the United States with clinical indications for extraction of CRM devices were consented. Antemortem CRM devices were cleaned and sterilized following a protocol established at our institution. Surveillance in vitro cultures were performed for quality assurance. The functional status of pulse generators was tested with a pacing system analyzer to confirm at least 70% battery life. Most generators were transported, in person, to an implanting institution in Nicaragua. Recipients with a Class I indication for CRM implantation, and meeting economical criteria set forth, were consented for implantation of a recycled device. RESULTS: Between 2003 and 2009, implantation was performed in 17 patients with an average age of 42.1 ± 20.3 years. Of the 17 patients, nine were male and eight were female. Mean follow-up was 68 ± 38 months. Device evaluation occurred prior to discharge, 4 weeks post implantation, and every 6 months thereafter. There were three deaths during the follow-up period secondary to myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure. Hematoma formation occurred in one patient. No infections, early battery depletion, or device malfunction were identified during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Our case series is the longest follow-up of recipients of recycled antemortem CRM devices. Our findings support the feasibility and safety of this alternative acquisition of life-saving technology.
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Arritmias Cardíacas/prevenção & controle , Área Carente de Assistência Médica , Marca-Passo Artificial/efeitos adversos , Falha de Prótese , Reutilização de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nicarágua , Resultado do Tratamento , Estados UnidosRESUMO
We study a waveguide array with an embedded nonlinear saturable impurity. We solve the impurity problem in closed form and find the nonlinear localized modes. Next, we consider the scattering of a small-amplitude plane wave by a nonlinear impurity mode, and discover regions in parameter space where transmission is fully suppressed. We relate these findings with Fano resonances and propose this setup as a means to control the transport of light across the array.
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OBJECTIVE: To calculate the Normal Tissue Complication Probabilities (NTCP) for the liver, right kidney, left kidney and spinal cord, as well as the global Uncomplicated Tumour Control Probability (UTCP) in gastric cancer patients who underwent a treatment with radiotherapy after radical surgery in our environment. MATERIAL AND METHOD: In April 2000, a postoperative chemotherapy (QT-RT) protocol started in the province of Malaga for Gastric Adenocarcinomas with postsurgical stage II or higher (pT3-4 and/or pN+). This clinical protocol served as a base for our NTCP and UTCP retrospective theorical study. A virtual simulation and a 3D planning were made in all cases. The differential HDV, selected for each patient were obtained for the 4 organs at risk (OR). Hystograms reduction was made by the Kutcher and Burman's Effective Volume method. NTCP calculations by Lyman's models. The following variables were calculated: maximal dose for each organ (Dmax), Effective Volume (Veff), TD50 (Veff/Vref); NTCP for each organ of the patient; global UTCP for each patient. Differences between the 2 treatment techniques were analysed (2-field versus 4-field technique). For the NTCP calculations the computer application Albireo 1.0(R) was used. RESULTS: 29 patients to assess with an average age of 54 +/- 10 years (range: 38-71); 65.5% men/34.5% women. The technique used was the field technique AP-PA in the 51.7% (15) and with 4 fields in 48.3% (14) of the cases. The global damage is estimated in 16% with a range between 0 and 37%. This goes up to 25% with the 2-field technique, with a wide range between 2 and 48% and it remains reduced to 4%, within a range between 0 and 12% when 4 fields are used. There were significant differences concerning the estimated damage probability (NTCP) on liver, spinal cord and left kidney, depending on the use of two or four fields. CONCLUSION: NTCP and the global UTCP values of the organs at risk allow to compare a technique net benefit from another in each particular case, although in our theoretical study the comparison was done among the patients. It is important to stress that the calculations of the TCP and NTCP have a limited quantitative signification but they are useful and beneficial in order to decide between treatment plans when they are supported by the clinical knowledge.