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1.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36542012

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by a parasite protozoon from the genus Leishmania. Among the molecular techniques applied for detecting these parasites, real-time PCR with High Resolution Melting (PCR-HRM) proved advantageous since it simultaneously determines both the presence and species of the pathogen in one step, through amplification and later analysis of curves generated by melting temperature. METHODS: Based on this molecular technique, the goal of this study was to estimate the PCR-HRM sensitivity for Leishmania spp. detection in different canine tissues by evaluating biological samples obtained from popliteal, submandibular, and pre-scapular lymph nodes, from bone marrow and ear pinnae of 28 stray dogs captured in the metropolitan area of Asunción (Paraguay). RESULTS: The rk39 immunochromatographic test showed that 25/28 tested dogs (89%) presented antibodies against L. infantum. In 20/25 dogs that tested positive for rk39 (80%), it was possible to detect Leishmania spp. by PCR-HRM and determine that the species corresponded entirely to L. infantum. Regarding the analysis of different tissues, the parasite was detected in all popliteal lymph node samples, followed by high detection in submandibular (at 95%) and pre-scapular lymph nodes (at 90%), bone marrow (at 85%), and ear pinnae (at 85%). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that the use of real-time PCR-HRM using the molecular marker hsp70 was a highly sensitive method for simultaneously detecting and identifying Leishmania species in different tissues taken from infected dogs. In addition, the usefulness of ear pinnae as easily accessible tissue for molecular diagnosis was emphasized.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão , Leishmania infantum , Leishmaniose Visceral , Leishmaniose , Cães , Animais , Leishmaniose Visceral/diagnóstico , Leishmania infantum/genética , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Leishmaniose/diagnóstico , Leishmaniose/veterinária , Leishmaniose/parasitologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/métodos
2.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop;55: e0069, 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1422855

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Background: Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by a parasite protozoon from the genus Leishmania. Among the molecular techniques applied for detecting these parasites, real-time PCR with High Resolution Melting (PCR-HRM) proved advantageous since it simultaneously determines both the presence and species of the pathogen in one step, through amplification and later analysis of curves generated by melting temperature. Methods: Based on this molecular technique, the goal of this study was to estimate the PCR-HRM sensitivity for Leishmania spp. detection in different canine tissues by evaluating biological samples obtained from popliteal, submandibular, and pre-scapular lymph nodes, from bone marrow and ear pinnae of 28 stray dogs captured in the metropolitan area of Asunción (Paraguay). Results: The rk39 immunochromatographic test showed that 25/28 tested dogs (89%) presented antibodies against L. infantum. In 20/25 dogs that tested positive for rk39 (80%), it was possible to detect Leishmania spp. by PCR-HRM and determine that the species corresponded entirely to L. infantum. Regarding the analysis of different tissues, the parasite was detected in all popliteal lymph node samples, followed by high detection in submandibular (at 95%) and pre-scapular lymph nodes (at 90%), bone marrow (at 85%), and ear pinnae (at 85%). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the use of real-time PCR-HRM using the molecular marker hsp70 was a highly sensitive method for simultaneously detecting and identifying Leishmania species in different tissues taken from infected dogs. In addition, the usefulness of ear pinnae as easily accessible tissue for molecular diagnosis was emphasized.

3.
Front Chem ; 8: 22, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32064248

RESUMO

From the early 60s, Co complexes, especially Co phthalocyanines (CoPc) have been extensively studied as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Generally, they promote the 2-electron reduction of O2 to give peroxide whereas the 4-electron reduction is preferred for fuel cell applications. Still, Co complexes are of interest because depending on the chemical environment of the Co metal centers either promote the 2-electron transfer process or the 4-electron transfer. In this study, we synthetized 3 different Co catalysts where Co is coordinated to 5 N atoms using CoN4 phthalocyanines with a pyridine axial linker anchored to carbon nanotubes. We tested complexes with electro-withdrawing or electro-donating residues on the N4 phthalocyanine ligand. The catalysts were characterized by EPR and XPS spectroscopy. Ab initio calculations, Koutecky-Levich extrapolation and Tafel plots confirm that the pyridine back ligand increases the Co-O2 binding energy, and therefore promotes the 4-electron reduction of O2. But the presence of electron withdrawing residues, in the plane of the tetra N atoms coordinating the Co, does not further increase the activity of the compounds because of pull-push electronic effects.

4.
Horiz. méd. (Impresa) ; 17(1): 51-56, ene.-mar. 2017. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-989896

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de orientación empática en los estudiantes de Terapia Física y Rehabilitación de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2016. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo-observacional, prospectivo, con diseño no experimental de corte transversal. Realizado en 134 estudiantes de Terapia Física y Rehabilitación del 2do al 5to año de carrera de la Escuela Académico Profesional de Tecnología Médica de la UNMSM; se empleó la Escala de Empatía Médica de Jefferson (EEMJ). Resultados: En general se obtuvo una puntuación media de 114.60±14.424, que corresponde a un nivel alto de orientación empática. Cualitativamente esta categoría está representada por el 85.1%. Respecto a las dimensiones, se obtuvieron puntuaciones medias de "Toma de perspectiva" (61.33, nivel alto [91.0%]), "Atención por compasión" (41.16, nivel alto [82.8%]) y "Capacidad de Ponerse en el Lugar del Paciente" (12.38, nivel medio [61.2%]). No hay diferencias significativas en general ni en las dimensiones según sexo y según edad (p>0.05), pero sí se encuentran diferencias significativas según año de carrera. Conclusión: Los estudiantes de Terapia Física y Rehabilitación de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, presentan del 3er, 4to y 5to año respecto al 2do año de carrera (p≤0.05) una orientación empática favorable; específicamente se muestran prestos a la comprensión de los sentimientos de los pacientes y en poner atención a las experiencias personales de los pacientes como medio terapéutico


Objective: To determine the level of empathic orientation in students of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), 2016. Materials and methods: A quantitative descriptive-observational prospective non-experimental cross-sectional study performed in 134 second- to fifth-year students of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation at Escuela Académico Profesional de Tecnología Médica of UNMSM. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) was used. Results: In general, a mean score of 114.60 ± 14.424 was obtained, corresponding to a high level of empathic orientation. This category is qualitatively represented by 85.1%. Regarding the dimensions, mean scores were obtained in "Perspective Taking" (61.33, high level [91.0%]), "Compassionate Care" (41.16, high level [82.8%]) and "Standing in the Patient's Shoes" (12.38, mean level [61.2%]). There were no significant differences neither in general terms nor in gender and age (p>0.05), but there were significant differences in the year of the career. Conclusion: Third, fourth and fifth-year students of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos have a favorable empathic orientation compared to second-year students (p≤0.05). They specifically show willingness to understand patients' feelings and pay attention to patients' personal experiences as therapeutic means

5.
Lima; s.n; 2016. 62 p. tab, graf.
Tese em Espanhol | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1114589

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de orientación empática en los estudiantes de Terapia Física y Rehabilitación de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2016. Material y métodos: Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo-observacional, prospectivo, con diseño no experimental de corte transversal. Realizado en 134 estudiantes de Terapia Física y Rehabilitación del 2do al 5to año de carrera de la Escuela Académico Profesional de Tecnología Médica de la UNMSM; se empleó la Escala de Empatía Médica de Jefferson (EEMJ). Resultados: En general se obtuvo una puntuación media de 114.60±14.424, que corresponde a un nivel alto de orientación empática, cualitativamente esta categoría está representada por el 85.1 por ciento; respecto a las dimensiones; se obtuvieron puntuaciones medias de "Toma de perspectiva" (61.33, nivel alto [91.0 por ciento]), "Atención por compasión" (41.16, nivel alto [82.8 por ciento]), y "Capacidad de Ponerse en el Lugar del Paciente" (12.38, nivel medio [61.2 por ciento]). No hay diferencias significativas en general ni en las dimensiones según sexo y según edad (p>0.05), sí se encuentran diferencias significativas según año de carrera, a favor del 3er, 4to y 5to año respecto al 2do año de carrera (p≤0.05). Conclusión: Los estudiantes de terapia física y Rehabilitación de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, presentan una orientación empática favorable; específicamente se muestran prestos a la comprensión dejos sentimientos de los pacientes y en poner atención a las experiencias personales de los pacientes como medio terapéutico.


Objective: Determine the level of empathic orientation in students of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation of the National University of San Marcos, 2016. Material and methods: quantitative descriptive-type approach observational, prospective, with no design experience of cross section. Conducted on 134 students of physical therapy and rehabilitation of 2 to 5 year career of the Academic Professional School of Medical Technology of San Marcos; Scale of Physician Empathy Jefferson (JSPE) was used. Results: Overall an average score of 114.60 ± 14.424, which corresponds to a high level of empathic orientation, qualitatively this category is represented by 85.1 per cent was obtained; regarding size, mean scores of "Taking perspective" (61.33, high level [91.0 per cent]), "Attention compassion" (41.16, high level [82.8 per cent]), and "Ability to take the place were obtained Patientõ (12.38, midlevel [61.2 per cent]). No significant differences in overall size or by sex and by age (p>0.05), they are significant differences career year, for the 3rd, 4th and 5th year for the 2nd year career (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The students of physical therapy and rehabilitation National University of San Marcos have a favorable empathic orientation; specifically they are ready to understanding the feelings of patients and paying attention to personal experiences of patients as a therapeutic means.


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto Jovem , Empatia , Estudantes de Ciências da Saúde , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Relações Profissional-Paciente , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Transversais
6.
Rev. chil. anest ; 28(2): 107-12, ago. 1999. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-269479

RESUMO

En la anestesia epidural caminando, el prolongado inicio de acción de la analgesia es uno sus principales problemas. Los objetivos de este trabajo son comparar la lactancia y duración análgesica de dos dosis de epinefrina (E) asociada a bajas dosis de bupivacaína (B) y sufentanil (S) en la analgesia del trabajo de parto (TP) inicial. Material y Método: Se estudiaron 60 pacientes con embarazo de término ASAI_II en TP inicial y con dilatación cervical menos o igual 4 cm. Grupo EO (Control) (N=20): B 10 mg + S 20 ug en solución fisiológica (SF) hasta completar 20 ml. Grupo E10 (n=20): B 10 mg + S 20 ug +E 10 ug en SF hasta 20 ml. Grupo E20 (n=20); B 10 mg + S 20 ug + E 20 ug en SF hasta 20 ml, epidural. Se midió latencia, duración, calidad analgésica, capacidad para deambular y efectos colaterales. Resultados: Sin diferencia demográficas. La lactancia se redujo significativamente entre los grupos al adicionar E en forma dosis dependiente. La duración fue mayor al adicionar epinefrina. No hubo bloqueo motor y todas caminaron. Hubo 20 por ciento de mareo en los grupos con E y ninguno en el control (p<0.05). El descenso de la PA fue igual y menor a un 15 por ciento entre los grupos. No hubo diferencias en incidencia de prurito, nauseas o vómitos


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Analgesia Epidural , Epinefrina/administração & dosagem , Início do Trabalho de Parto/efeitos dos fármacos , Analgesia Epidural/efeitos adversos , Bupivacaína/administração & dosagem , Paridade , Sufentanil/administração & dosagem
7.
Rev. chil. anest ; 26(2): 87-92, dic. 1997. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-290326

RESUMO

Introducción y Objetivo: El uso cada vez más frecuente de la anestesia epidural caminando en el trabajo de parto, hace necesario la ausencia de bloqueo motor (BM) y una analgesia adecuada. El objetivo es comparar bupivacaína (B)-5 mg y su repercusión en cuanto a latencia, duración, calidad de la analgesia y BM. Material y Método: Se estudiaron 50 pacientes con embarazo de término ASA I-II. Grupo B-5 (n=25): B 5 mg + E 5µg + S 20 µg en solución fisiológica (SF) hasta completar 20 ml. Grupo B-10(n=25): B 10 mg + E 10 µg + S 20 µg en SF hasta 20 ml. Se midió dolor, nivel analgésico, presión arterial bloqueo motor, capacidad de deambular y efectos colaterales. Resultados: Sin diferencias demográficas ni obstétricas. Sin diferencia en duración, prurito, deambulación ni nivel metamérico alcanzado. La EVA inicial fue mayor en B-10. La presión arterial disminuyó aunque menos de un 10 por ciento. Conclusiones: La latencia es menor cuando se usa B-10. La duración es igual. No hay BM con dosis iguales o menores a 10 mg. El mareo es mayor cuando se usa B-10. Hubo descenso de la PAS en ambos grupos menor del 10 por ciento


Assuntos
Humanos , Gravidez , Feminino , Adulto , Bupivacaína/farmacologia , Epinefrina/farmacologia , Sufentanil/farmacologia , Analgesia Epidural , Bupivacaína/administração & dosagem , Método Duplo-Cego , Combinação de Medicamentos , Epinefrina/administração & dosagem , Trabalho de Parto , Sufentanil/administração & dosagem , Tempo de Reação
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