RESUMO
A mass was removed surgically from the right orbit of a 1-d-old Holstein calf. Grossly, the mass filled the rostral part of an enlarged orbit and compressed the globe toward the caudal pole of the orbit. The brown, 6-cm tumor had central yellow and brown areas, and a smooth, glistening cut surface. Microscopically, the neoplasm was highly cellular and composed of spindle cells arranged in irregular, broad, interlacing streams and bundles, forming a herringbone pattern and supported by a sparse collagenous matrix. Neoplastic cells infiltrated surrounding soft tissues and compressed the globe. The neoplastic cells had positive immunolabeling for α-smooth muscle actin, desmin, and vimentin, and negative immunolabeling for factor VIII, myoglobin, cytokeratin, and skeletal muscle actin. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry results confirmed a diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. To our knowledge, congenital periocular leiomyosarcoma has not been reported in cattle previously. This rare tumor could be included as a differential diagnosis in newborn calves with periocular masses.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos , Leiomiossarcoma , Animais , Bovinos , Leiomiossarcoma/veterinária , Leiomiossarcoma/patologia , Leiomiossarcoma/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Bovinos/patologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/congênito , Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Feminino , Neoplasias Orbitárias/veterinária , Neoplasias Orbitárias/patologia , Neoplasias Orbitárias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Orbitárias/cirurgia , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterináriaRESUMO
Feed contamination with naturally occurring mycotoxins is an unavoidable condition of significant concern in intensive productions. The presence of high concentrations of zearalenone >1 ppm in the diet can cause major reproductive disorders, particularly in swine. In order to reduce the consequences of intoxication, mycotoxin adsorbents are incorporated into feed. In the present study, zearalenone adsorption capacity of a lyophilized indigenous strain of Lactobacillus plantarum (L4; previously isolated from pig's rectal swabs) was first evaluated in vitro. A preliminary study in vivo was then performed in which the indigenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain was lyophilized and the powder obtained (L-L4) was incorporated into the diet of gilts two gilts received basal diet (control) and two received basal diet containing 2 g/kg L-L4 (treated). After an adaptation period, all the feed was contaminated with zearalenone at a dose of 0.93 mg ZEA/kg. Results from in vitro assay showed that L-L4 adsorbed 87.9% (SD 3.97) of zearalenone in 0.9% NaCl solution. In the in vivo exploratory study, higher daily weight gain and lower vulva area were observed in gilts that incorporated L-L4 to the diet. Additionally, higher zearalenone concentrations were eliminated in faeces from treated animals. The use of a product based on a lyophilized indigenous Lactobacillus strain to protect gilts from detrimental effects of zearalenone consumption has shown promising results so far. However, further studies are required in order to accurately assess its impact and evaluate doses according to different degrees of mycotoxins contamination.
Assuntos
Lactobacillus plantarum , Micotoxinas , Zearalenona , Ração Animal/análise , Animais , Dieta , Feminino , Contaminação de Alimentos/análise , SuínosRESUMO
Abstract Background: Bovine campylobacteriosis is a venereal disease due to infection with Campylobacter fetus venerealis. It causes mainly reproductive failures that lead to considerable economic losses. Objective: To perform a histopathological description of the mucosa from reproductive organs of heifers experimentally infected with Campylobacter fetus venerealis. Methods: Twelve 15-18-months-old Aberdeen Angus heifers were treated for estrous synchronization and exposed to natural breeding. They were then randomly divided into two groups: group A (n=9) was inoculated with C. fetus venerealis; group B (n=3, control) was inoculated with a placebo. Ultrasonography was performed at days 29, 38, and 42 post-breeding, and plasmatic progesterone levels were quantified using ELISA to confirm pregnancies. Animals in group A with plasma progesterone levels below 1 ng/mL and/or diagnosed as non-pregnant were further divided into three subgroups: A1 (n=4), euthanized at day 30 post-breeding; A2 (n=3), euthanized at day 40 post-breeding and A3 (n=2), euthanized at day 55 post-breeding. Heifers from group B, all diagnosed as pregnant, were euthanized each at day 30, 40, and 55 days post-breeding as well. Histological sections from every group were taken from oviducts, uterus, and vagina. Results: Lymphocytic inflammation was the most common lesion in all infected heifers. Trophoblast cells were found in the non-pregnant heifers euthanized at days 40, and 55 post-breeding. The inflammatory process with the presence of lymphoid cells probably altered the balance in the activity of maternal lymphoid cells, as well as gene expression of the trophoblast, finally affecting the embryo survival. Conclusion: This work contributes to the understanding of the histopathological process involved in post-mating infection of Campylobacter fetus bovine.
Resumen Antecedentes: La campilobacteriosis bovina es una enfermedad venérea causada por el Campylobacter fetus venerealis, que produce principalmente fallas reproductivas ocasionando grandes pérdidas económicas Objetivo: Describir las características histopatológicas de la mucosa de órganos reproductores de vaquillonas infectadas experimentalmente con Campylobacter fetus venerealis. Métodos: Doce vaquillonas Aberdeen Angus (15 a 18 meses de edad) con celo sincronizado, recibieron servicio natural, e inmediatamente se dividieron aleatoriamente en dos grupos: A (n=9), inoculadas con Campylobacter fetus venerealis; B (n=3; control), inoculadas con placebo. El diagnóstico de preñez se realizó por ultrasonografía a los 29, 38 y 42 días post-servicio; los niveles plasmáticos de progesterona fueron determinados por ELISA. Las vaquillonas del grupo A con niveles de progesterona plasmáticos menores a 1 ng/mL y/o diagnosticadas no preñadas, fueron consideradas para eutanasia y divididas en tres subgrupos: A1-eutanasia día 30 (n=4); A2-día 40 (n=3); y A3-día 55 (n=2) post-servicio. Las vaquillonas del grupo B, diagnosticadas preñadas, fueron eutanasiadas a los 30, 40 y 55 días. Se tomaron muestras de oviductos, útero y vagina. Resultados: Se observó inflamación linfocitaria en la totalidad de muestras del grupo A. Células trofoblásticas fueron encontradas en muestras correspondientes a los grupos A2 y A3. Probablemente, el proceso inflamatorio alteró el equilibrio de las células linfoides maternas y la expresión génica del trofoblasto, afectando la supervivencia embrionaria. Conclusión: Este trabajo contribuye a la comprensión del proceso histopatológico involucrado en la infección poscoital por Campylobacter fetus bovino.
Resumo Antecedentes: A campilobacteriose bovina é uma doença venérea originada pelo Campylobacter fetus venerealis, quem produz principalmente falha reprodutiva e porém grandes perdas económicas. Objetivo: Descrever as características histopatológicas da mucosa dos órgãos reprodutores de novilhas infetadas no modo experimental com Campylobacter fetus venerealis. Métodos: Doze novilhas Aberdeen Angus de 15 até 18 meses com cio sincronizado, receberam serviço natural. Logo após, foram aleatóreamente separados em grupos: A (n=9) inoculados com Campylobacter fetus venerealis e grupo B (n=3; controle) inoculadas com um placebo. O diagnóstico da gestação foi realizado por ultrasom nos dias 29, 38 y 42 pós-serviço. Os níveis plasmáticos da progesterona foram determinados por ELISA. As novilhas do grupo A, com níveis plasmáticos de progesterona menores a 1 ng/mL e/ou diagnosticadas não grávidas, foram consideradas para eutanásia e foram divididas em três subgrupos: A1-eutanásia aos 30 dias pós- serviço (n=4); A2-dia 40 (n=3); A3-dia 55 (n=2). Foram realizada eutanásia ás novilhas do grupo B diagnosticadas prenhadas, aos 30, 40 e 55 dias e a amostragem de ovidutos, útero e vagina. Resultados: A presença de inflamação linfocitária foi observada na totalidade das amostras do grupo A. Foram achadas células trofoblásticas nas amostras correspondente aos grupos A2 e A3. Provavelmente, pelo processo inflamatório tenha sido alterado o equilíbrio das células linfoides maternas, assim também como a expressão gênica do trofoblasto, afetando a supervivência embrionária. Conclusão: Este trabalho contribue á compreensão do processo histopatologico na infecção com Campylobacter fetus bovino pós-acasalamento.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT The ability to adsorb zearalenone by five strain of lactic acid bacteria was evaluated: four strains of Lactobacillus spp. isolated from pig rectal swabs and one commercial strain (Lactobacillus rhamnosus). Several factors affecting the adsorption capacity were evaluated in order to improve the adsorption of the mycotoxin by bacteria. The stability of the zearalenone-bacteria complex was analyzed. In every case, bacterial adsorption capacity was higher than 40.0%. The strain showing the highest adsorption (68.2%) was selected for the following steps of this research. The adsorption percentages obtained after processing 6.5 and 7.5 mL MRS broth were 57.40% + 3.53 and 64.46% + 0.76, respectively. The stability of zearalenone-bacteria complex was evaluated by successively rinsing. In the first rinsing step 42.26% + 0.414 was still bound. In the second rinsing step 25.12% + 0.664 was still bound, whereas 15.82% + 0.675 remained in the pellet after the third rinse. Results obtained demonstrated that Lactic Acid Bacteria has capacity to adsorb zearalenone. Finally adsorption was increased using a higher volume of initial broth. These results could be used to design a new lyophilized powder for detoxification, using lactic acid bacteria as potential zearalenone adsorbents.
Assuntos
Animais , Lactobacillus/metabolismo , Suínos/microbiologia , Zearalenona/metabolismo , Adsorção , Lactobacillus/química , Lactobacillus/genética , Lactobacillus/isolamento & purificação , Reto/microbiologia , Zearalenona/químicaRESUMO
ABSTRACT The ability to adsorb zearalenone by five strain of lactic acid bacteria was evaluated: four strains of Lactobacillus spp. isolated from pig rectal swabs and one commercial strain (Lactobacillus rhamnosus). Several factors affecting the adsorption capacity were evaluated in order to improve the adsorption of the mycotoxin by bacteria. The stability of the zearalenone-bacteria complex was analyzed. In every case, bacterial adsorption capacity was higher than 40.0%. The strain showing the highest adsorption (68.2%) was selected for the following steps of this research. The adsorption percentages obtained after processing 6.5 and 7.5 mL MRS broth were 57.40% + 3.53 and 64.46% + 0.76, respectively. The stability of zearalenone-bacteria complex was evaluated by successively rinsing. In the first rinsing step 42.26% + 0.414 was still bound. In the second rinsing step 25.12% + 0.664 was still bound, whereas 15.82% + 0.675 remained in the pellet after the third rinse. Results obtained demonstrated that Lactic Acid Bacteria has capacity to adsorb zearalenone. Finally adsorption was increased using a higher volume of initial broth. These results could be used to design a new lyophilized powder for detoxification, using lactic acid bacteria as potential zearalenone adsorbents.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Zearalenona/análogos & derivados , Zearalenona/administração & dosagem , Ácido Láctico/análise , SuínosRESUMO
The ability to adsorb zearalenone by five strain of lactic acid bacteria was evaluated: four strains of Lactobacillus spp. isolated from pig rectal swabs and one commercial strain (Lactobacillus rhamnosus). Several factors affecting the adsorption capacity were evaluated in order to improve the adsorption of the mycotoxin by bacteria. The stability of the zearalenone-bacteria complex was analyzed. In every case, bacterial adsorption capacity was higher than 40.0%. The strain showing the highest adsorption (68.2%) was selected for the following steps of this research. The adsorption percentages obtained after processing 6.5 and 7.5mL MRS broth were 57.40%+3.53 and 64.46%+0.76, respectively. The stability of zearalenone-bacteria complex was evaluated by successively rinsing. In the first rinsing step 42.26%+0.414 was still bound. In the second rinsing step 25.12%+0.664 was still bound, whereas 15.82%+0.675 remained in the pellet after the third rinse. Results obtained demonstrated that Lactic Acid Bacteria has capacity to adsorb zearalenone. Finally adsorption was increased using a higher volume of initial broth. These results could be used to design a new lyophilized powder for detoxification, using lactic acid bacteria as potential zearalenone adsorbents.
Assuntos
Lactobacillus/metabolismo , Suínos/microbiologia , Zearalenona/metabolismo , Adsorção , Animais , Lactobacillus/química , Lactobacillus/genética , Lactobacillus/isolamento & purificação , Reto/microbiologia , Zearalenona/químicaRESUMO
ABSTRACT The ability to adsorb zearalenone by five strain of lactic acid bacteria was evaluated: four strains of Lactobacillus spp. isolated from pig rectal swabs and one commercial strain (Lactobacillus rhamnosus). Several factors affecting the adsorption capacity were evaluated in order to improve the adsorption of the mycotoxin by bacteria. The stability of the zearalenone-bacteria complex was analyzed. In every case, bacterial adsorption capacity was higher than 40.0%. The strain showing the highest adsorption (68.2%) was selected for the following steps of this research. The adsorption percentages obtained after processing 6.5 and 7.5 mL MRS broth were 57.40% + 3.53 and 64.46% + 0.76, respectively. The stability of zearalenone-bacteria complex was evaluated by successively rinsing. In the first rinsing step 42.26% + 0.414 was still bound. In the second rinsing step 25.12% + 0.664 was still bound, whereas 15.82% + 0.675 remained in the pellet after the third rinse. Results obtained demonstrated that Lactic Acid Bacteria has capacity to adsorb zearalenone. Finally adsorption was increased using a higher volume of initial broth. These results could be used to design a new lyophilized powder for detoxification, using lactic acid bacteria as potential zearalenone adsorbents.