RESUMO
Access to oral health care for vulnerable populations is one of the concerns addressed by the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration HIV/AIDS Bureau's Community-Based Dental Partnership Program (CBDPP). The program introduces dental students and residents at several dental schools to care for vulnerable patients through didactic and clinical work in community-based dental settings. This study of the dental students and residents in this program answered three questions: 1) What are their HIV knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors? 2) How has participation in the CBDPP impacted their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors? 3) Has the intervention affected their work placement decisions and attitudes after graduation, particularly with respect to treating people living with HIV and other underserved populations? A total of 305 first- through fourth-year dental students and first- and second-year residents at five dental schools across the United States completed surveys before and after a community-based rotation and following graduation. Response rates at each of the five schools ranged from 82.4 to 100 percent. The results showed an increase in the participants' knowledge and positive attitudes regarding treatment for patients with HIV and other vulnerable populations post-rotation compared to pre-rotation. Results after graduation found that most respondents were practicing in private settings or in academic institutions as residents but were willing to treat a diverse patient population. These findings support the role of training programs, such as the CBDPP, for expanding the dental workforce to treating vulnerable populations including people living with HIV/AIDS.
Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/psicologia , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Relações Comunidade-Instituição , Educação em Odontologia , Infecções por HIV/psicologia , Intenção , Estudantes de Odontologia/psicologia , Escolha da Profissão , Odontologia Comunitária/educação , Assistência Odontológica para Doentes Crônicos , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Internato e Residência , Preceptoria , Prática Privada , Estados Unidos , United States Health Resources and Services Administration , Populações VulneráveisRESUMO
Enfoca la necesidad de cambios institucionales significativos, incluyendo la consolidación de los programas de nutrición dentro de una sola entidad administrativa y la descentralización de la responsabilidad en torno a la implementación del programa. Propone un conjunto integrado de programas que aborden las múltiples causas del enanismo, retardo del crecimiento o desnutrición crónica