RESUMO
Liver and kidney tissues and urine from calves chronically or acutely intoxicated by aflatoxin were surveyed to detect the presence of aflatoxins B1, M1 (AFB1, AFM1) and aflatoxicol (AFL). Aflatoxins B1, M1, and aflatoxicol were not found in the liver, kidney or urine from animals intoxicated by chronic forms. However in a calf that received a single dose of 0.8 mg of AFB1/kg of live weight and one submitted to a single dose of 1.8 mg of AFB1/kg of live weight detectable levels of aflatoxins occurred in tissues and urine.
Assuntos
Aflatoxina B1/análise , Aflatoxina M1/análise , Rim/química , Fígado/química , Aflatoxina B1/administração & dosagem , Aflatoxina B1/urina , Aflatoxina M1/administração & dosagem , Aflatoxina M1/urina , Aflatoxinas/análise , Animais , BovinosRESUMO
Um novo meio de cultivo foi elaborado a partir de cascas de banana (Musa paradisiaca) para uma rápida e presuntiva caracterizaçäo de Cryptococcus eoformans, utilizando-se a sua capacidade de produzir compostos melanínicos. Este meio é sensível, de baixo custo e pode ser estocado por longo tempo
Assuntos
Meios de Cultura/provisão & distribuição , Frutas/análise , Fungos/isolamento & purificação , BrasilRESUMO
The utilization of the fluorescent method (fluorescein diacetate DF and ethidium bromide BE), to verify the viability of fungal cells, was studied in 40 samples of liquor, from patients with neurocryptococcosis. For removing leukocytes and red blood cells, which produce interfering fluorescence, good results were obtained with 0.3% saponin solution. After processing of liquor, 0.1 ml aliquots of resulting suspension were mixed to equal volumes of fresh DF-BE solution. The best incubation period for staining was 30 minutes, resulting in good differentiation between viable (green fluorescence) and non viable (red fluorescence) cells.
Assuntos
Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/microbiologia , Cryptococcus neoformans/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Etídio , Fluoresceínas , Criptococose/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Humanos , Microscopia de Fluorescência/métodosRESUMO
One hundred samples of commercially available cows milk, collected in the state of São Paulo, from July 1979 to September 1981, were analysed to determine the levels of aflatoxins M1 and M2 by the method of the AOAC. This investigation was also undertaken in 50 samples of cows milk from two farms located in the Médio Vale do Paraiba, from animals which had ingested stored feed. Aflatoxin M1 was detected in only one sample of commercially available cows milk, while those from the farms were found to contain a minimum of 0.1 microgram/l and a maximum of 1.68 microgram/l.
Assuntos
Aflatoxinas/análise , Contaminação de Alimentos/análise , Leite/análise , Aflatoxina M1 , Animais , Brasil , Bovinos , Cromatografia em Camada FinaRESUMO
The dimorphism of Scopulariopsis brevicaulus was induced in malt agar (Oxoid), at 37 degrees C and 5-10% rate of CO2. Six cultures of S. brevicaulus were converted from hyphae to yeast-like cells by the following processes: One was that the hyphae formed intercalar and terminal chlamydoconidia-like cells. These cells increased in size, gained double contour and gave rise to budding cells. The other process was via conidia that assumed yeast characteristics. So, a transformation cycle M----Y was proposed. The yeast-like form presented slow reversion to the mould phase, standing, many times, in transition forms. A high concentration of sugars, peptone, temperature of cultivation of 37 degrees C and 5-10% rate of CO2 seem to be favourable factors for the maintenance of the yeast phase. Ethanol, E.D.T.A., potassium nitrate, temperature of 25 degrees C and aerobiosis are considered favourable factors to conversion of the mould phase.
Assuntos
Fungos Mitospóricos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Meios de Cultura , Fungos Mitospóricos/citologia , TemperaturaRESUMO
Foram estudados 172 casos humanos com suspeita clínica de micose superficial, portadores de lesöes na pele (118), nas unhas (42) e nos pêlos (12), diagnosticados em Säo Paulo, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 1985. Do total estudado houve 54% de positividade ao exame microscópico direto e 37% à cultura utilizando ágar Sabouraud dextrose e Mycobiotic agar. Os fungos isolados com maior freqüência foram: na pele: Trichophyton rubrum - 34%; T. mentagrophytes - 13%; Candida albicans - 10%; Epidermophyton floccosum - 3%; nas unhas: C. albicans - 4%; T. rubrum - 26%; T. mentagrophytes - 9%; M. gypseum - 5%; Malassezia furfur - 4%; e nos pêlos: M. canis - 67%; T. tonsurans - 33%
Assuntos
Humanos , Micoses/diagnóstico , Brasil , Unhas/microbiologia , Pele/microbiologiaRESUMO
Investigou-se a atividade de substancias isoladas de extrados, obtidos de estruturas vegetais, na inibicao do crescimento e na producao de aflatoxinas por Aspergillus flavus e A. parasiticus. A fracao mais ativa foi obtida do suco da folha de Agave sisalana (sisal), a qual demonstrou efeito impediente acentuado no crescimento fungico, bem como na inibicao da producao de aflatoxina por A. parasiticus (100%) e A.flavus (23%). Atividades menores foram observadas com os extratos de Bidens pilosa (fruto), Xylopia aromatica (fruto), Stryphodendron barbadetiman (casca) e Dimorphandra mollis (casca)
Assuntos
Aspergillus , Extratos Vegetais , AflatoxinasRESUMO
Atraves do metodo de exposicao ao ar de placas de Petri contendo agar Sabourand adicionado de cloranfinicol (100ug/ml) foram realizadas 360 coletas de fungos no ar distribuidas mensalmente: 10 coletas as 9 horas, 10 as 15 horas e 10 as 21 horas, num periodo de 12 meses. Estudou-se a variacao periodica (Manha, tarde e noite) de fungos de generos mais comuns em Sao Paulo Cladosporium, Epicoccum, Alternaria, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Rhodotorula e Aureobasidium e ainda dos fungos nao esporulados, bolores e leveduras totais. Leveduras totais e generos Aspergillus, Penicillium e Rhodotorula nao tiveram variacao de frequencia nos tres periodos.Bolores totais e Epicoccum spp. ocorreram em ordem crescente de frequencia as 21,9 e 15 horas. Os fungos nao esporulados e dos generos Cladosporium, Aureobasidium, Fusarium e Alternaria ocorrem com maior frequencia as 15 horas em relacao as 21 horas e o ultimo tambem em relacao as 9 horas.Os fungos nao esporulados e os bolores esporulados tiveram comportamento semelhante, nos horarios de maior frequencia. No periodo noturno, nao houve variacao significativa de frequencia dos fungos, sugerindo que os fatores que condicionam a dispensao aerea desses microrganismos nao apresentaexpressao nesse periodo
Assuntos
Periodicidade , Microbiologia do Ar , Fungos , BrasilRESUMO
Os autores registram o primeiro caso brasileiro de eumicetoma por Petriellidium boydii com localizacao em membro superior (antebraco) de paciente procedente do inferior do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. O fungo foi isolado em sua forma conidial tanto das secrecoes oriundas dos abcessos fistulizados, como do material de biopsia das partes moles e osseas. O exame histopatologico revelou a presenca de graos ou drusas parasitarias caracteristicas de eumicetoma
Assuntos
Micetoma , Pseudallescheria , AntebraçoRESUMO
SEVERAL DIFFERENT MOULDSHAVE BEEN REPORTED AS ETIOLOGIC AGENTS OF RING WORM IN ANIMALS. MICROSPORUM NANUM, FOR EXAMPLE, IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON AGENTS IN PIGS. THE ETIOLOGY OF ABDOMINAL RINGWORM-LIKE OR PITYRIASIS ROSEA IN PIGLETS IS UNCERTAIN. CLINICALLY, THIS DERMATOSIS IS CLO SELY RELATED TO DERMATOPHYTOSIS, BUT NO FUNGUS HAS YET BEEN PROVED RESPONSIBLE FOR IT. SOME INVESTIGATORS BELIEVE THAT IS A HEREDITARY DISEASE OR AT LEAST THAT A PREDISPOSITION TO THE CONDITION MAY BE INHERI TED. THE ILLNESS DESCRIBED HERE WAS APPARENTLY CAUSED BY SCOPULARIOPSIS BREVICAULIS BAINIER, A COMMON CONTAMINANT THAT IS RARELY RELATED TO ANIMALS AND HUMAN INFECTIONS
Assuntos
Dermatomicoses , Micoses , BrasilRESUMO
The genus Alternaria has been isolated from the atmosphere of several countries and its spores are considered as having a strong allergenic power. The description of the genus isolation with a relative frequency was noted in the following countries: Mexico, the United States of America, Canada, Great Britain, Spain, South Africa, Denmark and Argentina. Many Brazilian authors have pointed out the rare incidence of this genus excluding Faria (5) who recorded in the city of Belo Horizonte, State of Minas Gerais, a frequency of 21.1%. Several authors have failed to detect Alternaria sp. spores in the atmosphere of the city of Sao Paulo. As we were studying in our laboratory the airborne fungi of a region called Greater Sao Paulo, where the collections were made in some boroughs of the main city and its neighborhood, we began to make findings of the Alternaria sp. This gave us the opportunity of studying its incidence in that area during a period of one year. We chose 11 areas of this region where we made weekly plate expositions performing 429 trials in all. The technique of collection was the usual one with the exposition of the Petri dishes containing Sabouraud Agar distributed 72 hours before. The collection was made from September 1973 to August 1974. The exposition period was of 5 minutes duration in the open air or in a protected place when it rained. The exposition height was 1 meter from the ground. The identification was made through the colony macroscopic morphology and through the Riddell technique. The Alternaria sp. was isolated in the mentioned area through all the months of the year with its highest frequency in August (35.8%) and its lowest in December 3.7%). The average relative frequency obtained was of 17%. The highest isolation frequency was attained in Winter, the lowest in Spring; in Summer and Autumn, it remained at a medium level. In relation to the studied areas, the Alternaria sp. was isolated in all of them with a minimum frequency of 8.3% in Campos Eliseos and with a maximum frequency of 28.9% in Osasco. The authors would like to emphasize this unusual finding because in the region studied the Alternaria sp. was previously considered absent.