RESUMO
ABSTRACT Introduction and Objective: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) represents 5% of all urothelial malignancies (1-3). Accurate pathologic diagnosis is key and may direct treatment decisions. Current ureteroscopic biopsy techniques include cold-cup, backloaded cold-cup and stone basket (4-6). The study objective was to compare a standard cold-cup biopsy technique to a novel cold-cup biopsy technique and evaluate histopathologic results. Materials and Methods: We developed a novel UTUC biopsy technique termed the "form tackle" biopsy. Ureteroscope is passed into ureter/renal collecting system. Cold-cup forceps are opened and pressed into the lesion base (to engage the urothelial wall/submucosal tissue) then closed. Ureteroscope/forceps are advanced forward 3-10mm and then extracted from the patient. We compared standard versus novel upper tract biopsy techniques in a series of patients with lesions ≥1cm. In each procedure, two standard and two novel biopsies were obtained from the same lesion. The primary study aim was diagnosis of malignancy. IRB approved: 21-006907. Results: Fourteen procedures performed on 12 patients between June 2020 and March 2021. Twenty-eight specimens sent (14 standard, 14 novel) (Two biopsies per specimen). Ten procedures with concordant pathology. In 4 procedures the novel biopsy technique resulted in a diagnosis of UTUC (2 high-grade, 2 low-grade) in the setting of a benign standard biopsy. Significant difference in pathologic diagnoses was detected between standard and novel upper tract biopsy techniques (p=0.008). Conclusions: The "form tackle" upper tract ureteroscopic biopsy technique provides higher tissue yield which may increase diagnostic accuracy. Further study on additional patients required. Early results are encouraging.
Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias Ureterais/patologia , Biópsia/métodos , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/patologia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , UreteroscopiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) represents 5% of all urothelial malignancies (1-3). Accurate pathologic diagnosis is key and may direct treatment decisions. Current ureteroscopic biopsy techniques include cold-cup, backloaded cold-cup and stone basket (4-6). The study objective was to compare a standard cold-cup biopsy technique to a novel cold-cup biopsy technique and evaluate histopathologic results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed a novel UTUC biopsy technique termed the "form tackle" biopsy. Ureteroscope is passed into ureter/renal collecting system. Cold-cup forceps are opened and pressed into the lesion base (to engage the urothelial wall/submucosal tissue) then closed. Ureteroscope/forceps are advanced forward 3-10mm and then extracted from the patient. We compared standard versus novel upper tract biopsy techniques in a series of patients with lesions ≥1cm. In each procedure, two standard and two novel biopsies were obtained from the same lesion. The primary study aim was diagnosis of malignancy. IRB approved: 21-006907. RESULTS: Fourteen procedures performed on 12 patients between June 2020 and March 2021. Twenty-eight specimens sent (14 standard, 14 novel) (Two biopsies per specimen). Ten procedures with concordant pathology. In 4 procedures the novel biopsy technique resulted in a diagnosis of UTUC (2 high-grade, 2 low-grade) in the setting of a benign standard biopsy. Significant difference in pathologic diagnoses was detected between standard and novel upper tract biopsy techniques (p=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: The "form tackle" upper tract ureteroscopic biopsy technique provides higher tissue yield which may increase diagnostic accuracy. Further study on additional patients required. Early results are encouraging.
Assuntos
Biópsia , Carcinoma de Células de Transição , Neoplasias Ureterais , Biópsia/métodos , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/patologia , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Neoplasias Ureterais/patologia , UreteroscopiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Metastasis-directed therapy of small solitary foci of metastatic renal cell carcinoma has been associated with improved survival. Percutaneous resection of tumors in the upper tract urinary system has been widely used for treatment of localized urothelial carcinoma, however, its role in renal cell carcinoma has not been described. Herein, we present the first case of patient undergoing percutaneous resection of renal cell carcinoma in the contralateral renal pelvis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a case report describing the diagnosis, management and surgical approach to renal cell carcinoma recurrence in the contralateral renal pelvis. RESULTS: Our patient was a 75-year-old male with a history of renal cell carcinoma status post radical nephrectomy who developed a solitary 2 cm recurrence in the contralateral renal pelvis, which was found after he presented with gross hematuria. He underwent successful percutaneous resection of this recurrence with final pathology showing clear cell renal cell carcinoma. CONCLUSION: We present the first case of renal cell carcinoma recurrence in the contralateral renal pelvis treated with percutaneous resection.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Pelve Renal/cirurgia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Cateterismo Urinário/métodos , Idoso , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Pelve Renal/patologia , Masculino , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Retroperitoneal access for robotic renal surgery is an effective alternative to the commonly used transperitoneal approach. We describe our contemporary experience and technique for attaining retroperitoneal access. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We outline our institutional approach to retroperitoneal access for the instruction of urologists at the beginning of the learning curve. The patient is placed in the lateral decubitus position. The first incision is made just inferior to the tip of the twelfth rib as described by Hsu, et al. After the lumbodorsal fascia is traversed, the retroperitoneal space is dilated with a round 10 millimeter AutoSutureTM (Covidien, Mansfield, MA) balloon access device. The following trocars are used: A 130 millimeter KiiR balloon trocar (Applied Medical, Rancho Santa Margarita, CA), three robotic, and one assistant. Key landmarks for the access and dissection are detailed. RESULTS: 177 patients underwent a retroperitoneal robotic procedure from 2007 to 2015. Procedures performed include 158 partial nephrectomies, 16 pyeloplasties, and three radical nephrectomies. The robotic fourth arm was utilized in all cases. When compared with the transperitoneal approach, the retroperitoneal approach was associated with shorter operative times and decreased length of stay (1). Selection bias and surgeon preference accounted for the higher proportion of patients who underwent partial nephrectomy off-camp via the retroperitoneal approach. CONCLUSIONS: Retroperitoneal robotic surgery may confer several advantages. In patients with previous abdominal surgery or intra-abdominal conditions, the retroperitoneum can be safely accessed while avoiding intraperitoneal injuries. The retroperitoneum also provides a confined space that may minimize the sequelae of potential complications including urine leak. Moreover, at our institution, retroperitoneal robotic surgery is associated with shorter operative times and a decreased length of stay when compared with the transperitoneal approach (2). In selected patients, the retroperitoneal approach is a viable alternative to the transperitoneal approach for a variety of renal procedures.
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Espaço Retroperitoneal/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Humanos , Rim/cirurgia , Nefrectomia , Robótica/métodosRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objectives To further elucidate which patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) may benefit from cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) before targeted therapy (TT), and to assess the overall survival of patients undergoing CN and TT versus TT alone. Materials and Methods We identified 88 patients who underwent CN at our institution prior to planned TT and 35 patients who received TT without undergoing CN. Preoperative risk factors described in the literature were assessed in our patient population (serum albumin, liver metastasis, symptomatic metastasis, clinical ≥T3 disease, retroperitoneal and supradiaphragmatic lymphadenopathy). Patients were stratified by number of pretreatment risk factors and overall survival (OS) was compared. Results TT patients had significantly more risk factors compared to CN patients (3.06 vs. 2.11, p<0.01). Patients who received TT alone had median OS of 5.8 months. All but one patient receiving TT alone had two or more risk factors. A comparison of the CN and TT groups was performed by constructing Kaplan-Meier curves. There was no significant difference in median OS for those patients with exactly two risk factors (447 vs. 389 days, p=0.24), and those with three or more risk factors (184 vs. 155 days, p=0.87). Conclusions Using previously described pretreatment risk factors we found that patients with two or more risk factors derived no significant survival advantage from CN in the TT era. These risk factors should be incorporated in the assessment of patients for CN.
Assuntos
Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Renais/terapia , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos de Citorredução , Neoplasias Renais/terapia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Carcinoma de Células Renais/secundário , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Terapia Combinada , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To further elucidate which patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) may benefit from cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) before targeted therapy (TT), and to assess the overall survival of patients undergoing CN and TT versus TT alone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified 88 patients who underwent CN at our institution prior to planned TT and 35 patients who received TT without undergoing CN. Preoperative risk factors described in the literature were assessed in our patient population (serum albumin, liver metastasis, symptomatic metastasis, clinical ≥T3 disease, retroperitoneal and supradiaphragmatic lymphadenopathy). Patients were stratified by number of pretreatment risk factors and overall survival (OS) was compared. RESULTS: TT patients had significantly more risk factors compared to CN patients (3.06 vs. 2.11, p<0.01). Patients who received TT alone had median OS of 5.8 months. All but one patient receiving TT alone had two or more risk factors. A comparison of the CN and TT groups was performed by constructing Kaplan-Meier curves. There was no significant difference in median OS for those patients with exactly two risk factors (447 vs. 389 days, p=0.24), and those with three or more risk factors (184 vs. 155 days, p=0.87). CONCLUSIONS: Using previously described pretreatment risk factors we found that patients with two or more risk factors derived no significant survival advantage from CN in the TT era. These risk factors should be incorporated in the assessment of patients for CN.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/terapia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos de Citorredução , Neoplasias Renais/terapia , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Nefrectomia , Carcinoma de Células Renais/secundário , Terapia Combinada , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nefrectomia/métodos , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de RiscoAssuntos
Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Duração da Cirurgia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Carga TumoralAssuntos
Rim Fundido/cirurgia , Pelve Renal/cirurgia , Laparoscopia/métodos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Obstrução Ureteral/cirurgia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pelve Renal/anormalidades , Mesentério/cirurgia , Duração da Cirurgia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Purpose: To evaluate the overall prognosis of post-stem cell transplant inpatients who required continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) for hematuria. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of adult stem cell transplant recipients who received CBI for de novo hemorrhagic cystitis as inpatients on the bone marrow transplant service at Washington University from 2011-2013. Patients who had a history of genitourinary malignancy and/or recent surgical urologic intervention were excluded. Multiple variables were examined for association with death. Results: Thirty-three patients met our inclusion criteria, with a mean age of 48 years (23-65). Common malignancies included acute myelogenous leukemia (17/33, 57%), acute lymphocytic leukemia (3/33, 10%), and peripheral T cell lymphoma (3/33, 10%). Median time from stem cell transplant to need for CBI was 2.5 months (0 days-6.6 years). All patients had previously undergone chemotherapy (33/33, 100%) and 14 had undergone prior radiation therapy (14/33, 42%). Twenty-eight patients had an infectious disease (28/33, 85%), most commonly BK viremia (19/33, 58%), cytomegalovirus viremia (17/33, 51%), and bacterial urinary tract infection (8/33, 24%). Twenty-two patients expired during the same admission as CBI treatment (22/33 or 67% of total patients, 22/28 or 79% of deaths), with a 30-day mortality of 52% and a 90-day mortality of 73% from the start of CBI. Conclusions: Hemorrhagic cystitis requiring CBI is a symptom of severe systemic disease in stem cell transplant patients. The need for CBI administration may be a marker for mortality risk from a variety of systemic insults, rather than directly attributable to the hematuria.
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Cistite/mortalidade , Cistite/terapia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/mortalidade , Hematúria/mortalidade , Hematúria/terapia , Transplante de Medula Óssea/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Medula Óssea/mortalidade , Cistite/etiologia , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos adversos , Hematúria/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores de Tempo , Irrigação Terapêutica/métodos , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the overall prognosis of post-stem cell transplant inpatients who required continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) for hematuria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of adult stem cell transplant recipients who received CBI for de novo hemorrhagic cystitis as inpatients on the bone marrow transplant service at Washington University from 2011-2013. Patients who had a history of genitourinary malignancy and/or recent surgical urologic intervention were excluded. Multiple variables were examined for association with death. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients met our inclusion criteria, with a mean age of 48 years (23-65). Common malignancies included acute myelogenous leukemia (17/33, 57%), acute lymphocytic leukemia (3/33, 10%), and peripheral T cell lymphoma (3/33, 10%). Median time from stem cell transplant to need for CBI was 2.5 months (0 days-6.6 years). All patients had previously undergone chemotherapy (33/33, 100%) and 14 had undergone prior radiation therapy (14/33, 42%). Twenty-eight patients had an infectious disease (28/33, 85%), most commonly BK viremia (19/33, 58%), cytomegalovirus viremia (17/33, 51%), and bacterial urinary tract infection (8/33, 24%). Twenty-two patients expired during the same admission as CBI treatment (22/33 or 67% of total patients, 22/28 or 79% of deaths), with a 30-day mortality of 52% and a 90-day mortality of 73% from the start of CBI. CONCLUSIONS: Hemorrhagic cystitis requiring CBI is a symptom of severe systemic disease in stem cell transplant patients. The need for CBI administration may be a marker for mortality risk from a variety of systemic insults, rather than directly attributable to the hematuria.