RESUMO
Introduction: Although current guidelines recommend not drinking coffee prior to phlebotomy, our hypothesis is that drinking coffee does not affect the clinical interpretation of biochemical and haematological test results. Materials and methods: Twenty-seven volunteers were studied in basal state (T0) and 1h after (T1) drinking coffee. Routine haematological (Sysmex-XN1000 analyser) and biochemistry parameters (Vitros 4600 analyser) were studied. Results were compared using the Wilcoxon test (P < 0.05). A clinical change was considered when mean percent difference (MD%) was higher than the reference change value (RCV). Results: Coffee intake produced statistically, but not clinically, significant: i) increases in haemoglobin (P = 0.009), mean cell haemoglobin concentration (P = 0.044), neutrophils (P = 0.001), albumin (P = 0.001), total protein (P = 0.000), cholesterol (P = 0.025), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.007), uric acid (P = 0.011), calcium (P = 0.001), potassium (P = 0.010), aspartate aminotransferase (P = 0.001), amylase (P = 0.026), and lactate dehydrogenase (P = 0.001), and ii) decreases in mean cell volume (P = 0.002), red cell distribution width (P = 0.001), eosinophils (P = 0.002), and lymphocytes (P = 0.001), creatinine (P = 0.001), total bilirubin (P = 0.012), phosphorus (P = 0.001), magnesium (P = 0.007), and chloride (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Drinking a cup of coffee 1 hour prior to phlebotomy produces no clinically significant changes in routine biochemical and haematological test results.
Assuntos
Testes Hematológicos , Flebotomia , Humanos , Flebotomia/métodos , Testes de Coagulação Sanguínea , Colesterol , HemoglobinasRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Currently available recommendations regarding fasting requirements before phlebotomy do not specify any maximum water intake volume permitted during the fasting period. The aim was to study the effects of 300 mL water intake 1 h before phlebotomy on specific analytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood was collected from 20 women (median age (min-max): 24 (22 - 50) years) in basal state (T0) and 1 h after 300 mL water intake (T1). Glucose, total proteins (TP), urea, creatinine, cystatin C, total bilirubin (BT), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides (Tg), uric acid (UA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate-aminotransferase (AST), alanine-aminotransferase and lactate-dehydrogenase (LD) were studied. Results were analyzed using Wilcoxon test. Mean difference (%) was calculated for each analyte and was further compared with reference change value (RCV). Only mean differences (%) higher than RCV were considered clinically significant. RESULTS: Significant differences (median T0vs median T1, P) were observed for TP (73 vs 74 g/L, 0.001); urea (4.08 vs 4.16 mmol/L, 0.010); BT (12 vs 13 µmol/L, 0.021); total cholesterol (4.9 vs 4.9 mmol/L, 0.042); Tg (1.05 vs 1.06 mmol/L, 0.002); UA (260 vs 270 µmol/L, 0.006); GGT (12 vs 12 U/L, 0.046); AST (22 vs 24 U/L, 0.001); and LD (364 vs 386 U/L, 0.001). Although the differences observed were statistically significant, they were not indicative of clinically significant changes. CONCLUSIONS: A water intake of 300 mL 1 h prior to phlebotomy does not interfere with the analytes studied in the present work.
Assuntos
Química Clínica/métodos , Água/química , Adulto , Colesterol/sangue , Ingestão de Líquidos , Jejum , Feminino , Humanos , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Adulto Jovem , gama-Glutamiltransferase/sangueRESUMO
Con el objetivo de analizar la distribución de proteína C reactiva de alta sensibilidad en una población argentina y estudiar la asociación de este parámetro bioquímico con el síndrome metabólico y con los componentes que lo conforman, se realizó un estudio transversal que incluyó 467 pacientes adultos de ambos sexos en los que se evaluaron parámetros clínicos y bioquímicos, incluida la proteína C reactiva de alta sensibilidad. El valor de la mediana de proteína C reactiva de alta sensibilidad en la población fue de 1,3 mg/L y no se observaron diferencias entre sexos. Los sujetos con síndrome metabólico presentaron niveles superiores de proteína C reactiva de alta sensibilidad respecto de aquellos sin síndrome metabólico, 3,1 y 1,1 (p = 0,000), respectivamente. Las variables asociadas en forma independiente con una PCR > 3,0 mg/dL fueron la obesidad abdominal, el C-HDL bajo según el sexo y la presión arterial = 130/85 mm Hg (OR 3,0 p = 0,000, OR 2,5 p = 0,000 y OR 2,1 p = 0,005, respectivamente). La probabilidad relativa de que los individuos con síndrome metabólico presentaran proteína C reactiva de alta sensibilidad > 3,0 mg/L fue 4,8 veces mayor respecto de aquellos sin síndrome metabólico luego de ajustar por variables confundidoras. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian la fuerte relación existente entre tejido adiposo, enfermedad cardiovascular e inflamación.
Clinical and biochemical parameters including high sensitivity C-reactive protein of an Argentine population of 467 adult patients from both sexes were evaluated in a cross-sectional study in order to analyze the distribution of high sensitivity C-reactive protein and to study the association of this biomarker with the metabolic syndrome and its components. The median value of high sensitivity C-reactive protein in the population was of 1.3 mg/L and there were no significant differences between both sexes. Subjects with metabolic syndrome had higher levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein compared to those without metabolic syndrome, 3.1 and 1.1 (p = 0.000), respectively. Abdominal obesity, low HDL-C levels according to sex and blood pressure = 130/85 mm Hg were independent variables associated with CRP > 3.0 mg/dL (OR 3.0 p = 0,000, OR 2.5 p = 0,000 and OR 2.1 p = 0.005, respectively). After adjusting for confounders, the relative likelihood of presenting high sensitivity C-reactive protein > 3.0 mg/L was 4.8 times greater in subjects with metabolic syndrome compared to those without metabolic syndrome. These results show a strong relation between adipose tissue, cardiovascular disease and inflammation.
RESUMO
Con el objetivo de analizar la distribución de proteína C reactiva de alta sensibilidad en una población argentina y estudiar la asociación de este parámetro bioquímico con el síndrome metabólico y con los componentes que lo conforman, se realizó un estudio transversal que incluyó 467 pacientes adultos de ambos sexos en los que se evaluaron parámetros clínicos y bioquímicos, incluida la proteína C reactiva de alta sensibilidad. El valor de la mediana de proteína C reactiva de alta sensibilidad en la población fue de 1,3 mg/L y no se observaron diferencias entre sexos. Los sujetos con síndrome metabólico presentaron niveles superiores de proteína C reactiva de alta sensibilidad respecto de aquellos sin síndrome metabólico, 3,1 y 1,1 (p = 0,000), respectivamente. Las variables asociadas en forma independiente con una PCR > 3,0 mg/dL fueron la obesidad abdominal, el C-HDL bajo según el sexo y la presión arterial = 130/85 mm Hg (OR 3,0 p = 0,000, OR 2,5 p = 0,000 y OR 2,1 p = 0,005, respectivamente). La probabilidad relativa de que los individuos con síndrome metabólico presentaran proteína C reactiva de alta sensibilidad > 3,0 mg/L fue 4,8 veces mayor respecto de aquellos sin síndrome metabólico luego de ajustar por variables confundidoras. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian la fuerte relación existente entre tejido adiposo, enfermedad cardiovascular e inflamación.(AU)
Clinical and biochemical parameters including high sensitivity C-reactive protein of an Argentine population of 467 adult patients from both sexes were evaluated in a cross-sectional study in order to analyze the distribution of high sensitivity C-reactive protein and to study the association of this biomarker with the metabolic syndrome and its components. The median value of high sensitivity C-reactive protein in the population was of 1.3 mg/L and there were no significant differences between both sexes. Subjects with metabolic syndrome had higher levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein compared to those without metabolic syndrome, 3.1 and 1.1 (p = 0.000), respectively. Abdominal obesity, low HDL-C levels according to sex and blood pressure = 130/85 mm Hg were independent variables associated with CRP > 3.0 mg/dL (OR 3.0 p = 0,000, OR 2.5 p = 0,000 and OR 2.1 p = 0.005, respectively). After adjusting for confounders, the relative likelihood of presenting high sensitivity C-reactive protein > 3.0 mg/L was 4.8 times greater in subjects with metabolic syndrome compared to those without metabolic syndrome. These results show a strong relation between adipose tissue, cardiovascular disease and inflammation.(AU)
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The changes induced by dietary n-3 fatty acids (FA) in the lipids and FA of plasma, liver and blood cells, and their reversibility, was studied in mice given a diet containing 9% fish oil (FO) for 2 weeks and then returned to, and kept for another 2 weeks on, the usual standard lab chow diet. In plasma, the concentrations of phospholipids (PL), mostly phosphatidylcholine (PC), triacylglycerols (TG), cholesterol and cholesterol esters (CE) decreased rapidly after starting the FO diet, and remained low from day 3 onwards. This decrease was concomitant with a remarkable reduction in the n-6 FA, especially 18:2n-6, not compensated for by the relative enrichment in n-3 FA induced by FO. In liver, TG and CE decreased and PL slightly increased, all of them showing reduced n-6/n-3 ratios. Sphingomyelin, which lacks polyunsaturated FA other than small amounts of 18:2 and 24:2n-6, showed altered ratios between its very long chain monoenes and saturates. In the washout phase, the most rapid event was an immediate increase in 18:2n-6 and after a few days in 20:4n-6 in plasma and liver, where most of the lipid and FA changes were reversed completely in about 10 days. In the case of blood cells even 2 weeks were insufficient for a reversal to the initial n-6/n-3 ratios. The lipid class responsible for this lack of reversibility was phosphatidylethanolamine, PC having returned to the initial fatty acid composition during the stated period.