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This study delves into the early development of Vieja fenestrata (Cichlidae), with a specific focus on the description of external morphological and morphometric changes, and growth patterns from hatching to the loss of larval characters under controlled laboratory conditions at a temperature of 28°C. Asynchronous hatching was observed between 58 and 60 h postfertilization, with the posterior body emerging first. Over 14 days, significant morphological, physiological, and behavioral changes were observed, revealing a complex developmental trajectory. The initial developmental phases were characterized by rapid vascularization, fin differentiation, and heightened activity, and the subsequent days witnessed the flexion of the notochord, emergence of swim bladder functionality, and transition to exogenous feeding. Maturation progressed with the absorption of the yolk sac, regression of cement glands, and fin ray development, culminating in metamorphosis by 14 days post-hatching. Throughout this period, evolving pigmentation patterns and structural adaptations highlight the species' adaptive strategies. During the larval period of V. fenestrata, substantial changes in morphological proportions were observed. Before the inflection, tail length, trunk length, and body depth had negative allometric growth, and head length, eye diameter, and snout length had positive allometric growth. After the inflection, body depth and snout length showed positive allometric growth; head length and trunk length exhibited isometric growth, whereas tail length and eye diameter demonstrated negative allometric growth. These findings contribute insights into the intricate developmental dynamics of V. fenestrata. Moreover, further research may explore these developmental dynamics' ecological and evolutionary implications.
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In vitro plant cultures are able to remove and metabolise xenobiotics, making them promising tools for decontamination strategies. In this work, we evaluated Brassica napus hairy roots (HRs) to tolerate and remove high concentrations of the azo dye Naphthol Blue-Black (NBB). Experiments were performed using both growing and resting culture systems at different pHs. Reuse of HRs biomass was evaluated in successive decolourisation cycles. Proteomics was applied to understand the molecular responses likely to be involved in the tolerance and removal of NBB. The HRs tolerated up to 480 µg mL-1 NBB, and 100 % removal was achieved at 180 µg mL-1 NBB after 10 days using both culture systems. Interestingly, the HRs are robust enough to be reused, showing 55-60 % removal even after three reuse cycles. The highest dye removal rates were achieved during the first 2 days of incubation, as initial removal is mainly driven by passive processes. Active mechanisms are triggered later by regulating the expression of proteins with different biological functions, mainly those related to xenobiotic metabolism, such as hydrolytic and redox enzymes. These results suggest that B. napus HRs are a robust tool that could make a significant contribution to textile wastewater treatment.
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Biodegradação Ambiental , Brassica napus , Raízes de Plantas , Proteômica , Brassica napus/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Corantes/metabolismo , Corantes/química , Compostos Azo/metabolismo , Compostos Azo/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismoRESUMO
GABA B receptors (GABABRs) are heterodimeric seven-transmembrane receptors that interact with a range of proteins and form large protein complexes on cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains. As the brain ages, membrane cholesterol levels exhibit alterations, although it remains unclear how these changes impact protein-protein interactions and downstream signaling. Herein, we studied the structural bases for the interaction between GABABR and the KCC2 transporter, including their protein expression and distribution, and we compared data between young and aged rat cerebella. Also, we analyzed lipid profiles for both groups, and we used molecular dynamics simulations on three plasma membrane systems with different cholesterol concentrations, to further explore the GABABR-transporter interaction. Based on our results, we report that a significant decrease in GABAB2 subunit expression occurs in the aged rat cerebella. After performing a comparative co-immunoprecipitation analysis, we confirm that GABABR and KCC2 form a protein complex in adult and aged rat cerebella, although their interaction levels are reduced substantially as the cerebellum ages. On the other hand, our lipid analyses reveal a significant increase in cholesterol and sphingomyelin levels of the aged cerebella. Finally, we used the Martini coarse-grained model to conduct molecular dynamics simulations, from which we observed that membrane cholesterol concentrations can dictate whether the GABABR tail domains physically establish G protein-independent contacts with a transporter, and the timing when those associations eventually occur. Taken together, our findings illustrate how age-related alterations in membrane cholesterol levels affect protein-protein interactions, and how they could play a crucial role in regulating GABABR's interactome-mediated signaling. Significance Statement: This study elucidates age-related changes in cerebellar GABAB receptors (GABABRs), KCC2, and plasma membrane lipids, shedding light on mechanisms underlying neurological decline. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal how membrane lipids influence protein-protein interactions, offering insights into age-related neurodegeneration. The findings underscore the broader impact of cerebellar aging on motor functions, cognition, and emotional processing in the elderly. By elucidating plasma membrane regulation and GABAergic dynamics, this research lays the groundwork for understanding aging-related neurological disorders and inspires further investigation into therapeutic interventions.
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Human adenoviruses (HAdV) of species F are commonly involved in pediatric acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The real impact on Venezuelan health is unknown. To investigate the prevalence and molecular diversity of HAdV in Venezuela, 630 fecal samples collected from children with AGE in 3 cities, from 2001 to 2013, were tested by PCR. Species F and types F40/41 were identified by REA. HAdV was detected in 123 cases (19.5%), most from outpatient females under 24 months old. A progressive and substantial increase in the detection rate was observed over time, significantly higher in rotavirus vaccinated than unvaccinated children (28.4% vs. 9.5%, P = 0.00019). Phylogenetic analysis of 28 randomly selected genomes showed high similarity among HAdV-F40/41 and those worldwide. HAdV-F of type 41 prevailed (79.8%) and clustered into 2 intratypic major clades. The significant involvement of HAdV-F41 in AGE suggests the importance of actively monitoring viral agents other than rotavirus, especially after vaccine introduction.
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Adenovírus Humanos , Gastroenterite , Vacinas contra Rotavirus , Rotavirus , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Adenovírus Humanos/genética , Fezes , Gastroenterite/epidemiologia , Filogenia , Rotavirus/genética , Venezuela/epidemiologia , MasculinoRESUMO
Bacillus toyonensis SFC 500-1E is a member of the consortium SFC 500-1 able to remove Cr(VI) and simultaneously tolerate high phenol concentrations. In order to elucidate mechanisms utilized by this strain during the bioremediation process, the differential expression pattern of proteins was analyzed when it grew with or without Cr(VI) (10 mg/L) and Cr(VI) + phenol (10 and 300 mg/L), through two complementary proteomic approaches: gel-based (Gel-LC) and gel-free (shotgun) nanoUHPLC-ESI-MS/MS. A total of 400 differentially expressed proteins were identified, out of which 152 proteins were down-regulated under Cr(VI) and 205 up-regulated in the presence of Cr(VI) + phenol, suggesting the extra effort made by the strain to adapt itself and keep growing when phenol was also added. The major metabolic pathways affected include carbohydrate and energetic metabolism, followed by lipid and amino acid metabolism. Particularly interesting were also ABC transporters and the iron-siderophore transporter as well as transcriptional regulators that can bind metals. Stress-associated global response involving the expression of thioredoxins, SOS response, and chaperones appears to be crucial for the survival of this strain under treatment with both contaminants. This research not only provided a deeper understanding of B. toyonensis SFC 500-1E metabolic role in Cr(VI) and phenol bioremediation process but also allowed us to complete an overview of the consortium SFC 500-1 behavior. This may contribute to an improvement in its use as a bioremediation strategy and also provides a baseline for further research.
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Fenol , Proteômica , Biodegradação Ambiental , Cromo/química , Fenol/química , Fenol/metabolismo , Fenóis , Espectrometria de Massas em TandemRESUMO
To quantify the association between maternal uric acid levels and pre-eclampsia risk in a large collection of primigravid women. A case-control study (1365 cases of pre-eclampsia and 1886 normotensive controls) was conducted. Pre-eclampsia was defined as blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg and proteinuria ≥ 300 mg/24 h. Sub-outcome analysis included early, intermediate, and late pre-eclampsia. Multivariable analysis for pre-eclampsia and its sub-outcomes was conducted using binary and multinomial logistic regression, respectively. Additionally, a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies measuring uric acid levels < 20 weeks of gestation was performed to rule out reverse causation. There was a positive linear association between increasing uric acid levels and presence of pre-eclampsia. Adjusted odds ratio of pre-eclampsia was 1.21 (95%CI 1.11-1.33) for every one standard deviation increase in uric acid levels. No differences in the magnitude of association were observed between early and late pre-eclampsia. Three studies with uric acid measured < 20 weeks' gestation were identified, with a pooled OR for pre-eclampsia of 1.46 (95%CI 1.22-1.75) for a top vs. bottom quartile comparison. Maternal uric acid levels are associated with risk of pre-eclampsia. Mendelian randomisation studies would be helpful to further explore the causal role of uric acid in pre-eclampsia.
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Pré-Eclâmpsia , Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Ácido Úrico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologiaRESUMO
(1) Background: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) is an endocrine factor involved in glucose and lipid metabolism that exerts pleiotropic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum FGF-21 profile in healthy and mild preeclamptic pregnant women at each trimester of pregnancy; (2) Methods: Serum FGF-21 levels were determined by ELISA in a nested case-control study within a longitudinal cohort study that included healthy (n = 54) and mild preeclamptic (n = 20) pregnant women, women at three months after delivery (n = 20) and eumenorrheic women during the menstrual cycle (n = 20); (3) Results: FGF-21 levels were significantly lower in the mid-luteal phase compared to the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle in eumenorrheic women (p < 0.01). Maternal levels of FGF-21 were significantly lower in the first and second trimesters and peaked during the third trimester in healthy pregnant women (p < 0.01). Serum levels of FGF-21 in healthy pregnant were significantly lower in the first and second trimester of pregnancy compared with the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and postpartum (p < 0.01). Serum FGF-21 levels were significantly higher in preeclamptic compared to healthy pregnant women during pregnancy (p < 0.01); (4) Conclusions: These results suggest that a peak of FGF-21 towards the end of pregnancy in healthy pregnancy and higher levels in preeclamptic women might play a critical role that contributes to protecting against the negatives effects of high concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and hypertensive disorder. Furthermore, FGF-21 might play an important role in reproductive function in healthy eumenorrheic women during the menstrual cycle.
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Pré-Eclâmpsia , Gestantes , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Fatores de Crescimento de Fibroblastos , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , GravidezRESUMO
The emerging contaminant 4-nonylphenol is an active ingredient in many surfactants. Though 4-nonylphenol has been reported in Mexican waterbodies, no stringent law is available to establish its permissible limits. Most ecotoxicological assays using zooplankton species are based on previously unexposed populations, and multigenerational experiments are rare. Plationus patulus and Brachionus havanaensis are widely distributed species in Mexico and have been used in ecotoxicological assessments. In this work, the median lethal concentration of 4-nonylphenol (LC50, 24 h) for both rotifer species was derived. Based on our acute toxicity data (24 h LC50 of 4-nonylphenol for P. patulus and B. havanaensis were 500 and 250 µg L-1, respectively), three sublethal concentrations (µg L-1) (7.81, 15.82 and 31.25 for B. havanaensis and 15.62, 31.25 and 62.5 for P. patulus) were used in the life table demography tests for two successive generations (F0 and F1) of either rotifer species. Regardless of the concentrations used, 4-nonylphenol had an adverse effect on both rotifer species over two successive generations. P. patulus was more sensitive than B. havanaensis in chronic toxicity tests. F1 generation of both rotifer species was far more adversely affected than the F0 in all toxicant treatments.
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Disruptores Endócrinos , Rotíferos , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Demografia , Disruptores Endócrinos/toxicidade , Fenóis , Testes de Toxicidade Crônica , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidadeRESUMO
Yersinia enterocolitica (Ye) inserts outer proteins (Yops) into cytoplasm to infect host cells. However, in spite of considerable progress, the mechanisms implicated in this process, including the association of Yops with host proteins, remain unclear. Here, we evaluated the functional role of Galectin-1 (Gal1), an endogenous ß-galactoside-binding protein, in modulating Yop interactions with host cells. Our results showed that Gal1 binds to Yops in a carbohydrate-dependent manner. Interestingly, Gal1 binding to Yops protects these virulence factors from trypsin digestion. Given that early control of Ye infection involves activation of macrophages, we evaluated the role of Gal1 and YopP in the modulation of macrophage function. Although Gal1 and YopP did not influence production of superoxide anion and/or TNF by Ye-infected macrophages, they coordinately inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production. Notably, recombinant Gal1 (rGal1) did not rescue NO increase observed in Lgals1-/- macrophages infected with the YopP mutant Ye ∆yopP. Whereas NO induced apoptosis in macrophages, no significant differences in cell death were detected between Gal1-deficient macrophages infected with Ye ∆yopP, and WT macrophages infected with Ye wt. Strikingly, increased NO production was found in WT macrophages treated with MAPK inhibitors and infected with Ye wt. Finally, rGal1 administration did not reverse the protective effect in Peyer Patches (PPs) of Lgals1-/- mice infected with Ye ∆yopP. Our study reveals a cooperative role of YopP and endogenous Gal1 during Ye infection.
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Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/metabolismo , Galectina 1/metabolismo , Imunidade , Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese , Yersinia enterocolitica/imunologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/química , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Peptídeo Hidrolases/metabolismo , Ligação Proteica , Proteólise , Proteômica , Fatores de Virulência/metabolismo , Yersinia enterocolitica/patogenicidadeRESUMO
Acid mine drainage-affected environments are interesting microbial niches for the isolation of metal-resistant microorganisms. In this sense, the aim of the present work is to isolate and characterize metal-resistant microorganisms from sediments of an abandoned gold mine located in San Luis (Argentina). For these purposes, the metal removal capacity and the microelemental composition of the biomass exposed to metals were evaluated. Likewise, proteomic techniques were applied to understand the removal and resistance mechanisms. Fusarium tricinctum M6 was isolated and identified as tolerant to Cu(II), Fe(II) and Cr(VI). When faced with 40 µg mL-1 Cu(II), the growth was affected by 60% and the removal capacity was 30-35%. Copper was found uniformly distributed in the biomass (5.23% w/w) and variations in the proportion of other biomass constituent elements were detected. When exposed to Cu(II), F. tricinctum M6 showed differential expression of intra and extracellular proteins involved in different metabolic processes. A large number of proteins with metal ion binding sites were detected both at intra and extracellular levels. The results obtained in the present work indicated bioadsorption of the metal on the cell surface and an important readjustment of the protein expression to counteract the stress produced by Cu(II).
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Cobre , Fusarium , Argentina , Cobre/toxicidade , ProteômicaRESUMO
Ecuador has been one of the most affected countries by the Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, by April 2020 this country presented the highest rates of mortality in Latin America. The purpose of the present study was to identify behaviors during confinement and sociodemographic variables associated with the mental health status of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients who were part of the epidemiological surveillance program in Ecuador that included mandatory confinement and self-isolation. A cross-sectional study was performed from March 22th to April 18th, 2020 using an online survey. The survey collected socio-demographic information and severity of depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety symptoms through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. A total of 759 patients completed the questionnaire, 20.3% presented moderate to severe symptoms of depression and 22.5% moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety. Being a woman and from the Coastal region were risk factors. Exercising, maintaining daily routines, and keeping informed about the COVID-19 but limiting to an hour was associated with better mental health. Regression analysis indicated that the mentioned behaviors explained approximately 17% of the variance for depression sum scores and 11.8% of the variance for anxiety sum scores while controlling for gender and region. Understanding the association between sociodemographic variables and psychological states in patients with COVID-19 is relevant to tackle future public mental health problems and to implement health policies that are intended to palliate further psychiatric complications. Promotion of modifiable behaviors such as exercising, maintaining daily routines, and keeping informed about the COVID-19 but limiting to less than an hour is recommended.
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Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/psicologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/psicologia , Atividades Cotidianas , Adolescente , Adulto , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Busca de Comunicante , Estudos Transversais , Equador/epidemiologia , Monitoramento Epidemiológico , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Saúde Mental , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pandemias , Questionário de Saúde do Paciente , Quarentena , Fatores de Risco , SARS-CoV-2 , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Pain is a usual and troublesome non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease, with a prevalence of 29-82%. Therefore, it's vital to find pharmacological treatments for managing PD-associated pain symptoms, to improve patients' quality of life. For this reason, we tested the possible synergy between L-DOPA and celecoxib in decreasing allodynia and hyperalgesia induced by unilateral lesioning with 6-OHDA into the SNpc in rats. We also tested whether the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effect induced by combination of L-DOPA and celecoxib is mediated by the NO-cGMP-ATP-sensitive K+ channel pathway. Tactile allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia were evaluated using von Frey filament. Isobolographic analyses were employed to define the nature of the drug interaction using a fixed dose ratio (0.5:â0.5). We found that acute and sub-acute (10-day) treatment with a single dose of L-DOPA (3-25 mg/kg, i. p.) or celecoxib (2.5-20 mg/kg, i. p.) induced a dose-dependent antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effect in parkinsonian rats. Isobolographic analysis revealed that the ED50 values obtained by L-DOPA + celecoxib combination was significantly less than calculated additive values, indicating that co-administration of L-DOPA with celecoxib produces synergistic interactions in its antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effect in animals with nigrostriatal lesions. Moreover, the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects induced by L-DOPA + celecoxib combination were blocked by intrathecal pre-treatment with L-NAME, ODQ, and glibenclamide. Taken together, the data suggest that L-DOPA + celecoxib combination produces an antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic synergistic interaction at the systemic level, and these effects are mediated, at the central level, through activation of the NO-cGMP-ATP-sensitive K+ channel pathway.
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Celecoxib/administração & dosagem , Hiperalgesia/metabolismo , Canais KATP/metabolismo , Levodopa/administração & dosagem , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/metabolismo , Animais , GMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Hiperalgesia/induzido quimicamente , Hiperalgesia/tratamento farmacológico , Canais KATP/agonistas , Masculino , Oxidopamina/toxicidade , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/tratamento farmacológico , Ratos , Ratos WistarAssuntos
Ansiedade/psicologia , COVID-19/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Adulto , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Equador/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Questionário de Saúde do Paciente , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Multiple small studies have suggested that women with pre-eclampsia present elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). However, little is known regarding the source of this CRP and IL-6 increase. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between CRP and IL-6 levels with pre-eclampsia considering different confounding factors. Using data from a large Colombian case-control study (3,590 cases of pre-eclampsia and 4,564 normotensive controls), CRP and IL-6 levels were measured in 914 cases and 1297 controls. The association between maternal serum levels of CRP and IL-6 with pre-eclampsia risk was evaluated using adjusted logistic regression models. Pre-eclampsia was defined as presence of blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg and proteinuria ≥300mg/24 h (or ≥1 + dipstick). There was no evidence of association between high levels of CRP and IL-6 with pre-eclampsia after adjusting for the following factors: maternal and gestational age, ethnicity, place and year of recruitment, multiple-pregnancy, socio-economic position, smoking, and presence of infections during pregnancy. The adjusted OR for 1SD increase in log-CRP and log-IL-6 was 0.96 (95%CI 0.85, 1.08) and 1.09 (95%CI 0.97, 1.22), respectively. Although previous reports have suggested an association between high CRP and IL-6 levels with pre-eclampsia, sample size may lack the sufficient power to draw robust conclusions, and this association is likely to be explained by unaccounted biases. Our results, the largest case-control study reported up to date, demonstrate that there is not a causal association between elevated levels of CRP and IL-6 and the presence of pre-eclampsia.
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Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/sangue , Pré-Eclâmpsia/sangue , Adolescente , Biomarcadores/sangue , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Feto , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Pré-Eclâmpsia/diagnóstico , Gravidez , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Maternal serum concentrations of folate, homocysteine, and vitamin B12 have been associated with pre-eclampsia. Nevertheless, reported studies involve limited number of cases to reliably assess the nature of these associations. Our aim was to examine the relation of these three biomarkers with pre-eclampsia risk in a large Colombian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Design: A case-control study. Setting: Cases of pre-eclampsia and healthy pregnant controls were recruited at the time of delivery from eight different Colombian cities between 2000 and 2012. Population or Sample: 2978 cases and 4096 controls were studied. Maternal serum concentrations of folate, homocysteine, and vitamin B12 were determined in 1148 (43.6%) cases and 1300 (31.7%) controls. Also, self-reported folic acid supplementation was recorded for 2563 (84%) cases and 3155 (84%) controls. Analysis: Adjusted odds ratios (OR) for pre-eclampsia were estimated for one standard deviation (1SD) increase in log-transformed biomarkers. Furthermore, we conducted analyses to compare women that reported taking folic acid supplementation for different periods during pregnancy. Main Outcomes Measures: Odds ratio for pre-eclampsia. RESULTS: After adjusting for potential confounders in logistic regression models, the OR for pre-eclampsia was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.90) for 1SD increase in log-folate, 1.16 (95%CI: 1.05, 1.27) for 1SD increase in log-homocysteine, and 1.10 (95%CI: 0.99, 1.22) for 1SD increase in log-vitamin B12. No interactions among the biomarkers were identified. Women who self-reported consumption of folic acid (1 mg/day) throughout their pregnancy had an adjusted OR for pre-eclampsia of 0.86 (95%CI: 0.67, 1.09) compared to women that reported no consumption of folic acid at any point during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal serum concentrations of folate were associated as a protective factor for pre-eclampsia while concentrations of homocysteine were associated as a risk factor. No association between maternal vitamin B12 concentrations and preeclampsia was found.
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Ácido Fólico/sangue , Homocisteína/sangue , Pré-Eclâmpsia/epidemiologia , Vitamina B 12/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Pré-Eclâmpsia/sangue , Gravidez , Adulto JovemRESUMO
RESUMEN Objetivo Evaluar la peroxidación lipídica en adolescentes púberes con exceso de peso y la presencia o no de resistencia a la insulina. Métodos El estudio fue descriptivo, correlacional y transversal en 80 adolescentes entre 12 y 15 años. Se determinó el perfil lipídico, LDL oxidada, 8-Isoprostano y se estimaron los índices de oxidación de LDL. Se determinó el IMC y se midió la circunferencia de cintura. Resultados Los adolescentes con exceso de peso y resistencia a la insulina mostraron la LDL oxidada, 8-isoprostano y el índice LDL oxidada/c-HDL superior a los de quienes tenían exceso de peso sin resistencia a la insulina y que el grupo control (p<0,05). Conclusión Los adolescentes con exceso de peso y resistencia a la insulina mostraron mayores concentraciones de marcadores de peroxidación lipídica que el resto de los adolescentes evaluados, lo que implicaría un posible papel del estrés oxidativo en el desarrollo de la resistencia a la insulina. Estos resultados ponen de manifiesto la importancia de promover una buena alimentación y estilos de vida saludables para evitar que estos adolescentes se conviertan en adultos obesos con comorbilidades asociadas a la obesidad, lo cual afectarían su calidad y tiempo de vida.(AU)
ABSTRACT Objective To assess lipid peroxidation in pubescent adolescents with excess weight and the presence or absence of insulin resistance. Materials and Methods This was a descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study carried out in 80 adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years. Lipid profile, oxidized LDL, 8-Isoprostane and LDL oxidation rates were estimated. BMI was determined and waist circumference was measured. Results Overweight and insulin resistance adolescents showed a oxidized LDL, 8-iso-prostane and oxidized LDL-C/HDL ratio higher than those who were overweight without insulin resistance and that the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion Adolescents with excess weight and insulin resistance showed higher concentrations of lipid peroxidation markers than the rest of the adolescents evaluated, which may imply a possible role of oxidative stress in the development of insulin resistance. These results highlight the importance of promoting good nutrition and healthy lifestyles to prevent these adolescents from becoming obese adults with associated comorbidities, affecting their quality of life and life expectancy.(AU)
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Humanos , Adolescente , Resistência à Insulina , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais/instrumentaçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pre-eclampsia constitutes a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Pre-eclampsia susceptibility is believed to be associated with altered lipid profiles and abnormal lipid metabolism via lipid peroxidation that leads to endothelial dysfunction. The goal of this study was to evaluate the association of maternal blood lipid and apolipoprotein levels with pre-eclampsia in a large-scale study. METHODS: Using data from a large case-control study (1366 cases of pre-eclampsia and 1741 normotensive controls), the association between the distributions of eight lipid fractions and pre-eclampsia risk was evaluated using adjusted logistic regression models. Pre-eclampsia was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg and proteinuria ≥300 mg/24 h (>1 + dipstick). Sub-group analyses were conducted for early (<34 weeks) and late (≥37 weeks) pre-eclampsia, estimating the effect of 1 standard deviation increase in log-transformed lipid fraction levels in adjusted multinomial regression models. RESULTS: After adjustment for potential confounders, concentrations of triglycerides, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and the relationship between apolipoprotein B and A1 (ApoB/ApoA1) showed the strongest associations with pre-eclampsia, particularly for those cases with an early onset. CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of triglycerides, ApoE and the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio are associated with an increased risk of pre-eclampsia. Further studies that allow for a causal inference are needed to confirm or refute the aetiological role of blood lipids in pre-eclampsia.
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Apolipoproteínas/sangue , Pré-Eclâmpsia/sangue , Pré-Eclâmpsia/etiologia , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto , Apolipoproteína A-I/sangue , Apolipoproteína B-100/sangue , Apolipoproteínas E/sangue , Biomarcadores/sangue , Pressão Sanguínea , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Colômbia , Feminino , Humanos , Pré-Eclâmpsia/diagnóstico , Pré-Eclâmpsia/fisiopatologia , Gravidez , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
RESUMEN Objetivo Evaluar la capacidad del Índice Cardiometabólico (ICM) para predecir alteraciones en las concentraciones en ayuno de glucosa, dislipidemia e hipertensión en adolescentes. Métodos El estudio fue descriptivo, correlacional y transversal. Se evaluaron 278 adolescentes de entre 12 y 15 años. Se determinó las concentraciones de glicemia, triglicéridos, HDL-c y se calculó el índice TG/HDL-c. Se midió el peso, talla y circunferencia de cintura y se determinó el Índice de Masa Corporal, el de conicidad y la relación cintura talla (Rel. CC-T). El producto de la Rel. CC-T y TG/HDL-C constituyó el índice cardiometabólico (ICM). Se determinó la presión arterial. Resultados El área bajo la curva ROC del ICM como predictor de dislipidemia, hipertensión (HTA) y glucosa alterada en ayunas (GAA) fue de 0,777 (IC 95%=0,712-0,842), 0,710 (IC 95%=0,559-0,853) y 0,564 (IC 95%=0,447-0,682), respectivamente. Conclusión En la muestra estudiada el ICM mostró capacidad de predecir dislipidemia e HTA, pero no para GAA.(AU)
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the ability of the Cardiometabolic Index (CMI) to predict alterations in fasting glucose concentrations, dyslipidemia and hypertension in adolescents. Materials and Methods Descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study. 278 adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years were evaluated. Serum glucose, triglycerides and HDL-C were determined and the TG/HD-C ratio was estimated. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured and body mass index, conicity index and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were determined. The product of WHtR and TG/HDL-C was the Cardiometabolic Index (CMI). Blood pressure was determined. Results The area under the ROC curve of the CMI as a predictor of dyslipidemia, hypertension (AHT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was 0.777 (CI 95% = 0.712 to 0.842), 0.710 (CI 95% = 0.559 to 0.853) and 0.564 (CI 95% = 0.447 to 0.682), respectively. Conclusion In the studied sample, CMI showed ability to predict dyslipidemia and hypertension, but not IFG.(AU)
RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a capacidade do Índice Cardiometabólico (ICM) de predizer alterações nas concentrações de glicose em jejum, dislipidemia e hipertensão em adolescentes. Métodos O estudo foi descritivo, correlacional e transversal. Foram avaliados 278 adolescentes entre 12 e 15 anos. As concentrações de glicemia, triglicerídeos, HDL-c foram determinadas e o índice TG / HDL-c foi calculado. Peso, altura e circunferência da cintura foram medidos e o Índice de Massa Corporal, o índice de conicidade e a relação cintura-comprimento (Rel. CC-T) foram determinados. O produto do Rel. CC-T e TG / HDL-C constituiu o índice cardiometabólico (ICM). A pressão arterial foi determinada. Resultados A área sob a curva ICM ROC como um preditor de dislipidemia, hipertensão (HT) e glicemia de jejum alterada (GAA) foi 0,777 (IC 95% = 0,712-0,842), 0,710 (IC 95% = 0,559-0,853) e 0,564 (IC 95% = 0,447-0,682), respectivamente. Conclusão Na amostra estudada, o ICM apresentou capacidade de predizer dislipidemia e TH, mas não para GAA.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Metabolismo Basal , Glicemia/análise , Índice de Massa Corporal , Dislipidemias/sangue , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais/instrumentação , Correlação de DadosRESUMO
PURPOSE: Clostridium difficile infections are the leading cause of diarrhea associated with the use of antibiotics. During infection, C. difficile initiates a sporulation cycle leading to the persistence of C. difficile spores in the host and disease dissemination. The development of vaccine and passive immunization therapies against C. difficile has focused on toxins A and B. In this study, an immunoproteome-based approach to identify immunogenic proteins located on the outer layers of C. difficile spores as potential candidates for the development of immunotherapy and/or diagnostic methods against this devastating infection is used. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: To identify potential immunogenic proteins on the surface of C. difficile R20291, spore coat/exosporium extracts are separated by 2D electrophoresis (2-DE) and analyzed for reactivity against C. difficile spore-specific goat sera. Finally, the selected spots are in-gel digested with chymotrypsin, peptides generated are separated by nanoUPLC followed by MS/MS using Quad-TOF-MS, corroborated by Ultimate 3000RS-nano-UHPLC coupled to Q-Exactive-Plus-Orbitrap MS. RESULTS: The analysis identify five immunoreactive proteins: spore coat proteins CotE, CotA, and CotCB; exosporium protein CdeC; and a cytosolic methyltransferase. CONCLUSION: This data provides a list of spore surface protein candidates as antigens for vaccine development against C. difficile infections.