RESUMO
Objective To assess the effect of a program of vigorous physical exercises on the serum concentration of free and total L-carnitine, in male inmates at a prison in Boyacá, Colombia. Methods Pre-post intervention population-based study. 44 male prisoners with overweight and/or obesity, from a jail in Boyacá, Colombia were randomly assigned into two groups: an intervention group and a control group. The intervention consisted in participating in a vigorous exercise program over twelve weeks. Anthropometric measures and levels of free and total L-carnitine were every four weeks. Results There were significant increases in serum levels of free and total L-carnitine in the intervention group compared to the control group. Concurrently, in this group there was a reduction in body mass index (BMI), while in the control group there were no changes. Conclusion In overweight and/or obese patients, the routine practice of vigorous exercise plus caloric restriction offers significant benefits in reducing body fat volumes through the mechanisms of energetic consumption of long chain fatty acids.(AU)
Objetivo Evaluar el efecto de un programa de ejercicio físico intenso sobre las concentraciones séricas de L-Carnitina libre y total, en varones recluidos en una prisión de Boyacá, Colombia. Métodos Estudio de intervención antes - después, de base poblacional. 44 internos con sobrepeso y/o obesidad, de una prisión en Boyacá, Colombia, fueron aleatoriamente asignados a dos grupos: Uno de intervención y uno de control. La intervención consistió en un programa de práctica sistemática de ejercicio intenso, durante doce semanas continuas. Cada cuatro semanas se realizaron mediciones antropométricas y se determinaron los niveles séricos de L-Carnitina libre y total. Resultados Hubo un incremento significativo en los niveles séricos de L-Carnitina libre y Total en el grupo de intervención, comparado con lo registrado en el grupo control; simultáneamente, en el grupo de intervención se registró disminución en el índice de masa corporal (IMC), mientras que en el grupo control no se registraron cambios. Conclusión En presencia de sobrepeso y/o obesidad, la práctica rutinaria de ejercicios físicos intensos además de la restricción calórica, ofrece significativos beneficios en la reducción del volumen de grasa corporal por el mecanismo de consumo energético de los ácidos grasos de cadena larga.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Carnitina/administração & dosagem , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Prisioneiros , Exercício Físico , ColômbiaRESUMO
Objective To assess the effect of a program of vigorous physical exercises on the serum concentration of free and total L-carnitine, in male inmates at a prison in Boyacá, Colombia. Methods Pre-post intervention population-based study. 44 male prisoners with overweight and/or obesity, from a jail in Boyacá, Colombia were randomly assigned into two groups: an intervention group and a control group. The intervention consisted in participating in a vigorous exercise program over twelve weeks. Anthropometric measures and levels of free and total L-carnitine were every four weeks. Results There were significant increases in serum levels of free and total L-carnitine in the intervention group compared to the control group. Concurrently, in this group there was a reduction in body mass index (BMI), while in the control group there were no changes. Conclusion In overweight and/or obese patients, the routine practice of vigorous exercise plus caloric restriction offers significant benefits in reducing body fat volumes through the mechanisms of energetic consumption of long chain fatty acids.
RESUMO
Objetivo: Evaluar prospectivamente y mediante comparación, durante la prueba de marcha de 6 minutos, el comportamiento de la saturación arterial de oxígeno (SPO2) y otras variables vitales, en dos grupos, uno de mineros del carbón (expuestos) y otro de trabajadores universitarios (controles). Materiales y métodos:Estudio prospectivo de cohortes. Se realizó la prueba (PM6M) en 72 trabajadores mineros y 46 trabajadores universitarios. Se midió minuto a minuto SPO2, frecuencia cardiaca y distancia recorrida. Resultados: Se encontró una significativa desaturación de oxígeno, ante un ejercicio moderado, en los trabajadores mineros, equivalente a una manifestación precoz de alteración funcional del intercambio alveolo-capilar. Conclusiones: La exposición respiratoria sostenida a polvo de carbón y sílice podría ocasionar alteración funcional del intercambio gaseoso alveolo capilar. La pulsioximetría en la prueba de marcha de 6 minutos se perfila como una herramienta útil y costo-efectiva en salud ocupacional para el seguimiento y control de la salud de los mineros del carbón.
Objective: To evaluate prospectively and through comparison the behavior of the arterial oxygen saturation (SPO2) and other vital variables in two groups, one of coal miners (exposed) and another formed by university workers (controls) during the test run of 6 minutes. Materials and methods: Prospective cohort study. The test (6MWT) was performed in 72 miners and 46 university workers. SpO2, heart rate and walked distance were estimated every minute. Results: A significant oxygen desaturation was found in the mineworkers when practicing a moderate exercise, which is equivalent to an early manifestation of functional impairment of the alveolar-capillary exchange. Conclusions: The sustained respiratory exposure to coal dust and silica may cause functional impairment of alveolar capillary gas exchange. The pulse oximetry in the 6 minutes walking test is emerging as a useful and cost-effective occupational health tool to monitor and health surveillance of coal miners.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pneumoconiose , Testes de Função Respiratória , Monitorização Transcutânea dos Gases Sanguíneos , Doenças ProfissionaisRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Describing the efficacy and achievements of the kangaroo mothers' programme (KMP) regarding preterm or low-birth-weight babies' health and development in Hospital San Rafael in Tunja from November 2007 to December 2009. METHODS: This was a retrospective observational cohort study; 374 infants born prematurely or having low-birth-weight were included to assess household socio-demographic factors, maternal and obstetric history, delivery characteristics and complications and follow-up until 40 weeks post-conception age. RESULTS: There was a high prevalence of teenage pregnancy (17.5 %) and in women older than 35 years (12.6 %), unwanted pregnancy (40.6 %), low quality and poor availability of food in families, complications such as preeclampsia, infection and premature rupture of membranes, 1,969 grams average birth weight, 2,742.9 grams average weight on discharge and 22 grams average weight gain per day. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that KMP methodology substantially improved the mothers' psychological aspects and health status and the newborns' prognosis and led to stabilising body temperature and weight gain rate while decreasing risks of complications and nosocomial infection. It also lowered health care costs and shortened hospital stay.
Assuntos
Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Método Canguru , Adolescente , Adulto , Peso ao Nascer , Aleitamento Materno/métodos , Aleitamento Materno/estatística & dados numéricos , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Redução de Custos , Características da Família , Feminino , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Maternidades/organização & administração , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Doenças do Prematuro/epidemiologia , Método Canguru/economia , Método Canguru/métodos , Método Canguru/estatística & dados numéricos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Idade Materna , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Gravidez na Adolescência/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Aumento de Peso , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Assessing lifetime prevalence of illegal substance use and accessibility to such substances. Determining risk factors and the protective factors linked to them. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using descriptive and bivariate analysis. A survey was applied to 1,515 students from 8th to 11th grades in the city's schools, ages ranging from 12 to 18. RESULTS: An increase in lifetime prevalence and lower age for consumption onset were found. The main risk factors were determined to be academic environment and attitudes towards school authorities, linked to recreational and sports groups without control by elders, gang membership and engaging in risky and dangerous activities. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed the need for a critical review of current promotion and prevention strategies aimed at controlling the use of psychoactive substances amongst children and adolescents, according to the current reality of trafficking and domestic consumption in Colombia.
Assuntos
Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Cocaína/epidemiologia , Abuso de Maconha/epidemiologia , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Idade de Início , Atitude , Criança , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Cocaína/psicologia , Colômbia , Estudos Transversais , Comportamento Perigoso , Uso de Medicamentos/legislação & jurisprudência , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Abuso de Maconha/psicologia , Grupo Associado , Prevalência , Recreação , Fatores de Risco , Assunção de Riscos , Instituições Acadêmicas/classificação , Estudantes/psicologia , População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Objetivo Describir la eficacia y logros del PMC sobre la salud y el desarrollo de los recién nacidos prematuros o con bajo peso al nacer en el Hospital San Rafael de Tunja durante el periodo comprendido entre Noviembre de 2007 y Octubre 31 de 2009 en sus diferentes componentes. Métodos Estudio observacional descriptivo de una cohorte. Se incluyeron 374 recién nacidos prematuros o con bajo peso al nacer, para evaluar factores sociodemográficos del hogar, antecedentes maternos y obstétricos, características y complicaciones del parto y seguimiento hasta las 40 semanas de edad postconcepcional. Resultados Altas prevalencias de embarazo adolescente (17,5 %) y en mayores de 35 años (12,6 %); embarazo no deseado (40,6 %); baja calidad y disponibilidad de alimentos en la familia; complicaciones como toxemia gravídica, infecciones y ruptura prematura de membranas; peso promedio al nacer de 1 969 gramos; peso promedio al egreso 2 742,9 gramos; ganancia promedio de peso por día de 22 gramos. Conclusiones Se encuentra que la metodología del programa Madre Canguro mejora sustancialmente los aspectos psicológicos de la madre y el pronóstico de salud de los recién nacidos y permite la estabilización de la temperatura corporal, del ritmo de ganancia de peso, a la vez que disminuye los riesgos de complicaciones y de infección nosocomial. También disminuye los costos de atención y estancia hospitalaria.
Objective Describing the efficacy and achievements of the kangaroo mothers' programme (KMP) regarding preterm or low-birth-weight babies' health and development in Hospital San Rafael in Tunja from November 2007 to December 2009. Methods This was a retrospective observational cohort study; 374 infants born prematurely or having low-birth-weight were included to assess household socio-demographic factors, maternal and obstetric history, delivery characteristics and complications and follow-up until 40 weeks post-conception age. Results There was a high prevalence of teenage pregnancy (17.5 %) and in women older than 35 years (12.6 %), unwanted pregnancy (40.6 %), low quality and poor availability of food in families, complications such as preeclampsia, infection and premature rupture of membranes, 1,969 grams average birth weight, 2,742.9 grams average weight on discharge and 22 grams average weight gain per day. Conclusions It was found that KMP methodology substantially improved the mothers' psychological aspects and health status and the newborns' prognosis and led to stabilising body temperature and weight gain rate while decreasing risks of complications and nosocomial infection. It also lowered health care costs and shortened hospital stay.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Adulto Jovem , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Método Canguru , Peso ao Nascer , Aleitamento Materno/métodos , Aleitamento Materno/estatística & dados numéricos , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Redução de Custos , Características da Família , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Maternidades/organização & administração , Doenças do Prematuro/epidemiologia , Método Canguru/economia , Método Canguru/métodos , Método Canguru , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Longitudinais , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Idade Materna , Complicações na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Gravidez na Adolescência/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Aumento de PesoRESUMO
Objectives Assessing lifetime prevalence of illegal substance use and accessibility to such substances. Determining risk factors and the protective factors linked to them. Methods This was a cross-sectional study using descriptive and bivariate analysis. A survey was applied to 1,515 students from 8th to 11th grades in the city's schools, ages ranging from 12 to 18. Results An increase in lifetime prevalence and lower age for consumption onset were found. The main risk factors were determined to be academic environment and attitudes towards school authorities, linked to recreational and sports groups without control by elders, gang membership and engaging in risky and dangerous activities. Conclusions The results showed the need for a critical review of current promotion and prevention strategies aimed at controlling the use of psychoactive substances amongst children and adolescents, according to the current reality of trafficking and domestic consumption in Colombia.
Objetivo Evaluar la prevalencia de vida del consumo de sustancias ilegales y la accesibilidad a sustancias ilegales. Determinar factores de riesgo y factores protectores relacionados con el consumo. Métodos Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal mediante el análisis descriptivo y bivariado. Se aplicó una encuesta a 1 515 estudiantes de los grados 8 al 11 en las escuelas de la ciudad, entre las edades de 12 a 18. Resultados Se encontró un aumento de la prevalencia de vida y una disminución en la edad de inicio al consumo. Los principales factores de riesgo encontrados fueron: ambiente académico y las actitudes hacia las autoridades escolares, la vinculación a los grupos de deportes recreativos, no respeto a los mayores, pertenecer a pandillas y participar en actividades riesgosas y peligrosas. Conclusiones Los resultados mostraron la necesidad de una revisión crítica de la promoción actual y las estrategias de prevención destinadas a controlar el uso de sustancias psicoactivas entre los niños y adolescentes, de acuerdo a la nueva realidad de la tráfico y consumo interno en Colombia.