RESUMO
In 2006, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published two standard protocols for the detection and enumeration of Campylobacter spp. in foods: the ISO 10272-2(direct method) and the ISO 10272-1 (enrichment method). The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of these two methods in the detection of Campylobacter spp. and propose a modification in the enrichment method. Compared with the enrichment method, the direct method yielded a higher number of positive results for Campylobacter spp. and, consequently, presented higher sensitivity percentage. The isolation of Campylobacter spp. was more difficult when 10 mL of rinse was used in the enrichment method, which is currently recommended by the ISO protocol. Therefore, different rinse volumes were tested (2.5 and 5 mL). The most efficient recovery of Campylobacter spp. occurred when 2.5 mL of rinse were used in the enrichment method, most likely due to a lower number of microbial contaminants than that present in the 5 or 10 mL rinses. The proposed modification of the enrichment method will contribute to the food analysis by improving the detection of Campylobacter spp. in chicken carcass.
Assuntos
Animais , Alimentos Fortificados , Alimentos Fortificados/análise , Galinhas , Campylobacter/classificação , Campylobacter/químicaRESUMO
In 2006, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published two standard protocols for the detection and enumeration of Campylobacter spp. in foods: the ISO 10272-2(direct method) and the ISO 10272-1 (enrichment method). The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of these two methods in the detection of Campylobacter spp. and propose a modification in the enrichment method. Compared with the enrichment method, the direct method yielded a higher number of positive results for Campylobacter spp. and, consequently, presented higher sensitivity percentage. The isolation of Campylobacter spp. was more difficult when 10 mL of rinse was used in the enrichment method, which is currently recommended by the ISO protocol. Therefore, different rinse volumes were tested (2.5 and 5 mL). The most efficient recovery of Campylobacter spp. occurred when 2.5 mL of rinse were used in the enrichment method, most likely due to a lower number of microbial contaminants than that present in the 5 or 10 mL rinses. The proposed modification of the enrichment method will contribute to the food analysis by improving the detection of Campylobacter spp. in chicken carcass.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Galinhas , Alimentos Fortificados/análise , Alimentos Fortificados , Campylobacter/química , Campylobacter/classificaçãoRESUMO
1. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter strains (C. jejuni, C. coli and C. lari) isolated from broiler carcasses processed in the State of Paraná, Brazil. 2. Rates of microbial resistance and susceptibility were assessed by both Disk Diffusion (DD) and Etest (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) techniques. Antibiotics were tested using DD (12 antibiotics) and/or MIC (7 antibiotics) methods. 3. A total of 95.8% of the strains were resistant to at least two agents. In terms of multidrug resistance, 75% of strains were resistant to three or more groups of antibiotics. The highest rates of resistance were detected for cefalotin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and nalidixic acid. A high rate of susceptibility of the strains to erythromycin (95.8%) was found confirming that this is considered the agent of choice for treating campylobacteriosis. Comparison of the microbial resistance and susceptibility, as determined simultaneously by the two methods, found the techniques to be statistically equivalent for 5 out of the 6 antibiotics tested. 4. The results of this study suggest the need for adopting measures to control the use of antibiotics in broiler production to prevent multidrug resistance of Campylobacter strains and reduce the risk of serious human diseases caused by the consumption of contaminated chicken meat.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/veterinária , Campylobacter/efeitos dos fármacos , Galinhas , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/microbiologia , Animais , Infecções por Campylobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Campylobacter coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Campylobacter jejuni/efeitos dos fármacos , Campylobacter lari/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade a Antimicrobianos por Disco-Difusão , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Contamination of ISA BROWN layer hens by Salmonella spp. and serotyping of the isolated strains were performed in 30 farms. Salmonella detection was done from feces and cloaca swabs. Eggs produced in the farms contaminated by Salmonella spp. were analyzed by culturing the shell rinsing and egg yolk. Salmonella spp. was isolated in eight (23.0 percent) farms, but was not detected from eggs. S. Enteritidis, which is the most prevalent sorotype associated to human salmonelosis in Paraná State, was not isolated either from birds or eggs analyzed. The sorotypes isolated were Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (0:3.10) (67.0 percent), Mbandaka (11.0 percent), Infantis (11.0 percent), and Newport (11.0 percent).(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Infecções por Salmonella , Ovos , Produção de Alimentos , Epidemiologia , Salmonella/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Contamination of ISA BROWN layer hens by Salmonella spp. and serotyping of the isolated strains were performed in 30 farms. Salmonella detection was done from feces and cloaca swabs. Eggs produced in the farms contaminated by Salmonella spp. were analyzed by culturing the shell rinsing and egg yolk. Salmonella spp. was isolated in eight (23.0 percent) farms, but was not detected from eggs. S. Enteritidis, which is the most prevalent sorotype associated to human salmonelosis in Paraná State, was not isolated either from birds or eggs analyzed. The sorotypes isolated were Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (0:3.10) (67.0 percent), Mbandaka (11.0 percent), Infantis (11.0 percent), and Newport (11.0 percent).
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Ovos , Epidemiologia , Produção de Alimentos , Infecções por Salmonella , Salmonella/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Charqui meats were prepared in laboratory conditions in order to carry out experiments to observe the possibility of development of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium botulinum proteolytic type B spores and their toxins. Results demonstrated that the harsh processing conditions, high salt concentration, relative high temperature, a(w) values, inhibited the growth of both bacteria. Under our experimental conditions, S. aureus would survive throughout the sequence of salting steps i.e. brine followed by rock salting and the sunshine drying step. However, at final a(w) value of 0.70-0.75 would create conditions to inhibit its development. The other experiment revealed that C. botulinum spores germination also was impaired because of these low a(w) values. Under these conditions, charqui meats revealed to be safe products in relation to toxins from both enterotoxigenic S. aureus and C. botulinum.