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In this work, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) copolymer from electronic waste (e-waste) was used to produce filaments for application in 3D printing. Recycled ABS (rABS) from e-waste was blended with virgin ABS (vABS) in different concentrations. By differential scanning calorimetry, it was observed that the values of the glass transition temperatures for vABS/rABS blends ranged between the values of vABS and rABS. Torque rheometry analysis showed that the processability of vABS was not compromised with the addition of rABS. Rheological measurements showed that the viscosity of vABS was higher than that of rABS at low frequencies and indicated that vABS and rABS are immiscible. Impact strength (IS) tests of the 3D printed samples showed an increase in the IS with an increase in the rABS content up to 50 wt%. Blending vABS with rABS from e-waste is promising and proved to be feasible, making it possible to recycle a considerable amount of plastics from e-waste and, thus, contributing to the preservation of the environment.
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COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, affects neuronal cells, causing several symptoms such as memory loss, anosmia and brain inflammation. Curcuminoids (Me08 e Me23) and curcumin (CUR) are derived from Curcuma Longa extract (EXT). Many therapeutic actions have been linked to these compounds, including antiviral action. Given the severe implications of COVID-19, especially within the central nervous system, our study aims to shed light on the therapeutic potential of curcuminoids against SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in neuronal cells. Here, we investigated the effects of CUR, EXT, Me08 and Me23 in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y. We observed that Me23 significantly decreased the expression of plasma membrane-associated transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and TMPRSS11D, consequently mitigating the elevated ROS levels induced by SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, Me23 exhibited antioxidative properties by increasing NRF2 gene expression and restoring NQO1 activity following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Both Me08 and Me23 effectively reduced SARS-CoV-2 replication in SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing ACE2 (SH-ACE2). Additionally, all of these compounds demonstrated the ability to decrease proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-17, while Me08 specifically reduced INF-γ levels. Our findings suggest that curcuminoid Me23 could serve as a potential agent for mitigating the impact of COVID-19, particularly within the context of central nervous system involvement.
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Anti-Inflamatórios , Antioxidantes , Antivirais , Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , Curcumina , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , Curcumina/farmacologia , Curcumina/análogos & derivados , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antivirais/farmacologia , SARS-CoV-2/efeitos dos fármacos , SARS-CoV-2/fisiologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Curcuma/química , Serina Endopeptidases/metabolismo , COVID-19/virologia , COVID-19/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Citocinas/metabolismo , NAD(P)H Desidrogenase (Quinona)/metabolismo , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Neurônios/metabolismo , Neurônios/virologiaRESUMO
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a type of leukemia whose main genetic marker is the reciprocal translocation that leads to the production of the BCR::ABL1 oncoprotein. The expression of some genes may interfere with the progression and development of leukemias. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that have the potential to alter the expression of some genes and may be correlated with some types of leukemia and could be used as biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients. Therefore, this project carried out an analysis of microRNA-type plasma biomarkers in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia at unique points, including follow-up analysis of patients from the Erasto Gaertner Hospital. 35 microRNAs were analyzed in different cohorts. Inside those groups, 70 samples were analyzed at unique points and 11 patients in a follow-up analysis. Statistically different results were found for microRNA-7-5p, which was found to be upregulated in patients with high expression of the BCR::ABL1 transcript when compared to healthy controls. This microRNA also had evidence of behavior related to BCR::ABL1 when analyzed in follow-up, but strong evidence was not found. In this way, this work obtained results that may lead to manifestations of a relationship between miR-7-5p and chronic myeloid leukemia, and evaluations of possible microRNAs that are not related to this pathology.
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Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva , MicroRNAs , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , Proteínas de Fusão bcr-abl/genética , Proteínas de Fusão bcr-abl/metabolismo , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/diagnóstico , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/genética , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/patologia , Translocação Genética , BiomarcadoresRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The effects of SARS-CoV-2 gestational exposure on child development remain inconclusive. AIMS: To analyze the effects of SARS-CoV-2 gestational exposure on neurodevelopment until 12 months. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study conducted in five municipalities in Southeast Brazil from August 2021 to September 2022. SUBJECTS: Infants were recruited from a serological survey performed during neonatal screening and followed up to 12 months old. We included 224 infants exposed to SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy and 225 non-exposed, according to the serology results of the newborn as well as their mothers and the maternal antenatal RT-PCR results. OUTCOME MEASURES: Developmental assessments were performed at 6 and 12 months using the Survey of Wellbeing of Young Children-Brazilian Version (SWYC-BR). Children with suspected developmental delay (SDD) at 6 and 12 months were considered at high risk for developmental delay (HRDD). Additionally, risk factors associated with SDD were examined. RESULTS: There were 111 children identified with SDD and 52 with HRDD. SARS-CoV-2 gestational exposure was not associated with SDD. Exposure in the first gestational trimester increased SDD risk by 2.15 times compared to the third. Cesarean delivery predicted SDD (OR 1.56; 95%CI 1.01-2.42) and HRDD (OR 1.91; 95%CI 1.04-3.48). Additionally, suspected maternal depression predicted SDD (OR 1.76; 95%CI 1.01-3.10). CONCLUSION: SARS-CoV-2 gestational exposure did not increase the developmental delay risk. However, our findings suggest that the earlier the gestational exposure, the greater the developmental delay risk at 12 months. Cesarean delivery and suspected maternal depression increased the developmental delay risk, independent of virus exposure.
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COVID-19 , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Criança , Humanos , Gravidez , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , SARS-CoV-2 , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologiaRESUMO
This study investigated the genotoxic risk of chronic exposure of hemolymph's cells of Drosophila melanogaster (Insecta, Diptera) to water samples from Boqueirão de Parelhas Dam and from Lucrécia Dam in the semiarid region of Brazil. The dams are located over the Pegmatite Province of Borborema, with rocks rich in uranium and thorium. Water samples hydrated a culture medium composed of mashed potatoes, where larvae of D. melanogaster fed for 24 h, before be underwent to the Comet assay. The same water was evaluated for the presence of dissolved Radon gas (222Rn) and concentrations of 11 toxic metals (Ag, Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn). The results indicated a genotoxic effect resulting from exposure to the waters of the Parelhas dam, in the samples of August 2018; and in Lucrécia dam, in January 2019. D. melanogaster stood out for its high sensitivity to monitor the genotoxic effects of compounds dissolved in public dams. And unlike to other essentially aquatic sentinel organisms, this species stood out as a model to concomitant studies of air and water possible contaminated, in a scenario of natural environmental radioactivity present in semiarid of Brazil.
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Metais Pesados , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Drosophila melanogaster , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Espécies Sentinelas , Água , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Brasil , Ingestão de Alimentos , Metais Pesados/análiseRESUMO
Introdução: O efeito branqueador dos dentifrícios contendo Blue covarine é fundamentado no seu mecanismo de ação, caracterizado pela sua deposição na superfície dentária, alterando a percepção da cor. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura e buscar evidência científica sobre o efeito branqueador do Blue Covarine em tecidos mineralizados e materiais restauradores estéticos. Materiais e métodos: Para a revisão da literatura foram feitas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, BBO, SciELO e MEDLINE para identificar estudos clínicos e laboratoriais que avaliassem a ação branqueadora do agente óptico Blue covarine. Como estratégia de busca foram utilizados os descritores "Blue covarine", "Blue covarine e pasta de dentes", "Blue covarine and toothpaste", "Blue covarine e dentifrícios", "Blue covarine and dentifrices", "Blue covarine e dentifrícios branqueadores", "Blue covarine and whitening dentifrices", "Blue covarine e dentifrícios clareadores", "Blue covarine and bleaching dentifrices", "Blue covarine e pasta de dentes branqueadoras", "Blue covarine and whitening toothpaste", "Blue covarine e pasta de dentes clareadoras", "Blue covarine and bleaching toothpaste". Resultados: Dois pesquisadores selecionaram e analisaram criticamente 31 artigos, sendo 2 revisões da literatura, 4 estudos clínicos e 25 estudos laboratoriais. Divergências quanto ao desenho de estudo, métodos, amostra, critérios clínicos e parâmetros laboratoriais foram observados, além de conflitos de interesse. Conclusão: O Blue Covarine presente nos dentifrícios branqueadores parece ser efetivo na promoção do branqueamento dentário apenas quando associado aos agentes abrasivos presentes nas formulações, evidenciando que ensaios clínicos e laboratoriais, com metodologias semelhantes, são necessários para se obter evidência científica conclusiva sobre o efeito deste agente branqueador.(AU)
Introduction: The whitening effect of dentifrices containing Blue Covarine is based on its mechanism of action, characterized by its deposition on the tooth surface, altering the perception of color. Objective: To review the literature and seek scientific evidence on the whitening effect of Blue Covarine on mineralized tissues and aesthetic restorative materials. Materials and methods: For the literature review, searches were carried out in the PubMed, LILACS, BBO, SciELO and MEDLINE databases, in order to identify clinical and laboratory studies that evaluated the whitening action of the optical agent Blue Covarine. As a search strategy, the descriptors "Blue Covarine", "Blue Covarine and toothpaste", "Blue Covarine and dentifrices", "Blue Covarine and whitening dentifrices", "Blue Covarine and bleaching dentifrices", "Blue Covarine and whitening toothpaste", "Blue Covarine and bleaching toothpaste". Results: Two researchers selected and critically analyzed 31 articles, including 2 literature reviews, 4 clinical studies and 25 laboratory studies. Differences in study design, methods, sample, clinical criteria and laboratory parameters were observed, in addition to conflicts of interest. Conclusion: Blue Covarine present in whitening dentifrices seems to be effective in promoting dental whitening only when associated with abrasive agents present in the formulations, showing that clinical and laboratory tests, with similar methodologies, are necessary to obtain conclusive scientific evidence on the effect of this bleaching agent.(AU)
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Humanos , Clareamento Dental/métodos , Dentifrícios/química , Isoindóis/química , Clareadores Dentários/química , Metaloporfirinas/química , Colorimetria , Esmalte Dentário/químicaRESUMO
Among the 13 types of propolis classified in Brazil according to their physicochemical properties, green propolis and brown propolis are the most commonly found and used. In this work, a comparison of the physicochemical properties of green and brown propolis produced in Minas Gerais, Brazil was performed according to the methodology established by the Brazilian legislation. And, the content of 9 bioactive compounds in the samples was determined by RP-HPLC. GrProp showed a higher content of pinocembrin, artepillin C and baccharin, and a higher quantity of total flavonoids, in comparison with BrwProp. The mechanical mass content in both types of propolis was above the limit established by legislation. However, the other physicochemical parameters were within the limits. The chemical composition, especially the flavonoid content and the free radical (DPPH) scavenger property confer to both types of propolis a promising pharmacological activity.
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Própole , Própole/química , Brasil , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/químicaRESUMO
The health benefits of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have encouraged the search for rich sources of these compounds. However, the supply chain of PUFAs from animals and plants presents environmental concerns, such as water pollution, deforestation, animal exploitation and interference in the trophic chain. In this way, a viable alternative has been found in microbial sources, mainly in single cell oil (SCO) production by yeast and filamentous fungi. Mortierellaceae is a filamentous fungal family world-renowned for PUFA-producing strains. For example, Mortierella alpina can be highlighted due to be industrially applied to produce arachidonic acid (20:4 n6), an important component of infant supplement formulas. Thus, the state of the art of strategies to increase PUFAs production by Mortierellaceae strains is presented in this review. Firstly, we have discussed main phylogenetic and biochemical characteristics of these strains for lipid production. Next, strategies based on physiological manipulation, using different carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature, pH and cultivation methods, which can increase PUFA production by optimizing process parameters are presented. Furthermore, it is possible to use metabolic engineering tools, controlling the supply of NADPH and co-factors, and directing the activity of desaturases and elongase to the target PUFA. Thus, this review aims to discuss the functionality and applicability of each of these strategies, in order to support future research for PUFA production by Mortierellaceae species.
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Ácidos Graxos Insaturados , Mortierella , Animais , Filogenia , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/metabolismo , Engenharia Metabólica , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo , Carbono/metabolismo , Mortierella/genética , Mortierella/química , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismoRESUMO
Chagas disease is derived from the infection by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. In many countries, benznidazole is the only drug approved for clinical use despite several side effects and the emergence of resistant parasite strains. In this context, our group has previously pointed out that two novel aminopyridine derivatives complexed with Cu2+, namely, cis-aquadichloro(N-[4-(hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-2-pyridinemethamino)copper (3a) and its glycosylated ligand cis-dichloro (N-{[4-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-ß-D-glucopyranosyloxy)pheny]lmethyl}-2-pyridinemethamino)copper (3b), are effective against T. cruzi trypomastigote forms. With this result in mind, the present work aimed to investigate the effects of both compounds on trypomastigotes physiology and on the interaction process with host cells. Apart from loss of plasma membrane integrity, an increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased mitochondrial metabolism were observed. Pretreatment of trypomastigotes with these metallodrugs inhibited the association index with LLC-MK2 cells in a typical dose-dependent manner. Both compounds showed low toxicity on mammalian cells (CC50 > 100 µM), and the IC50 values calculated for intracellular amastigotes were determined as 14.4 µM for 3a and 27.1 µM for 3b. This set of results demonstrates the potential of these aminopyridines complexed with Cu2+ as promising candidates for further antitrypanosomal drug development.
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Objetivo: Avaliar a taxa de cesáreas e suas principais indicações com base na classificação de Robson na Maternidade Municipal de São Vicente em 2020, um hospital público de risco habitual. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal observacional. Foram efetuadas revisão, correção e análise retrospectiva e documental da classificação de Robson na Maternidade Municipal de São Vicente. Foram analisados partos de janeiro a dezembro de 2020, dos quais foram coletadas e ordenadas as informações mais relevantes para a pesquisa. Resultados: Uma amostra de 1.627 partos foi encontrada. A taxa geral de cesáreas encontrada foi de 46,3%. A contribuição relativa dos grupos 1, 2 e 5 para a taxa de cesáreas foi de 16,8%, 13,3% e 46,8%, respectivamente, enquanto a contribuição relativa das indicações de cesáreas foi de 25,5% para parto cesáreo anterior e de 21,5% para sofrimento fetal agudo. Conclusão: Foi evidenciada alta taxa de cesáreas, e as principais indicações foram cesárea prévia e sofrimento fetal agudo. Os grupos 1, 2 e 5 da classificação de Robson foram os que mais contribuíram para essa taxa.
Objective: To evaluate the cesarean section rate and the cesarean indication rate based on Robson Classification during 2020 in Sã o Vicente's Municipal Maternity, a habitual-risk public hospital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study. We have reviewed, corrected, analyzed retrospectively and documented Robson Classification in Sã o Vicente's Municipal Maternity. Births from January to December 2020 were analyzed, from which the main data for the research was collected and organized. Results: A sample of 1,627 births was found. The overall rate of cesarean section was 46.3%. The relative contribution of groups 1, 2 and 5 to the cesarean rate was 16.8%, 13.3% and 46.8%, respectively. While the cesarean indication relative contribution was 25.5% for previous cesarean and 21.5% for fetal distress. Conclusion: We found a high cesarean rate and the main indications were previous cesarean and fetal distress. Robson classification groups 1, 2 and 5 contributed the most to this rate.
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Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Cesárea/estatística & dados numéricos , Parto Obstétrico/estatística & dados numéricos , Placenta Acreta , Placenta Prévia , Saúde Materno-Infantil , Nascimento Vaginal Após Cesárea , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Phase angle (PhA) is a Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) parameter representing an indicator of cellular health and has been suggested as a biomarker of nutritional status. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between PhA and nutritional parameters in older adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with community-dwelling older adults. Body mass index (BMI), arm muscle circumference (AMC), calf circumference (CC), body fat percentage (BF%), appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), serum albumin, mini-nutritional assessment (MNA), and PhA were assessed. KolmogorovSmirnov test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, chi-square test, and Poisson regression models were performed. RESULTS: 144 participants were included in the study, and most of them were female, aged ≥80 years, and underweight. Most older adults with lower PhA were women, aged range 8089 years, and with reduced ASMM (p<0.05). PhA presented a significant correlation with age (r=0.417; p<0.001), ASMM (r=0.427; p<0.001), AMC (r=0.195; p=0.019) and BF% (r=0.223; p=0.007). Older adults with lower PhA present reduced ASMM (PR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.041.50), and hypoalbuminemia (PR: 1.50; 95%CI: 1.112.03). CONCLUSION: PhA is related to commonly nutritional indicators used in clinical practice and could be an important biomarker of muscle mass reserves in community-living older adults of both sexes.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Saúde do Idoso , Impedância Elétrica , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
The food industry is always looking for new strategies to extend the shelf life of food. In recent years, the focus has been on edible films and coatings. These play an essential role in the quality, safety, transport, storage, and display of a wide variety of fresh and processed foods and contribute to environmental sustainability. In this sense, this study aimed to carry out a bibliometric analysis and literature review on the production of whey-based films for application in food packaging. Whey-based films have different characteristics when compared to other biopolymers, such as antimicrobial and immunomodulatory capacity. A wide variety of compounds were found that can be incorporated into whey films, aiming to overcome their limitations related to high solubility and low mechanical properties. These compounds range from plasticizing agents, secondary biomacromolecules added to balance the polymer matrix (gelatin, starch, chitosan), and bioactive agents (essential oils, pigments extracted from plants, and other antimicrobial agents). The most cited foods as application matrix were meat (fish, chicken, ham, and beef), in addition to different types of cheese. Edible and biodegradable films have the potential to replace synthetic polymers, combining social, environmental, and economic aspects. The biggest challenge on a large scale is the stability of physical, chemical, and biological properties during application. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Anti-Infecciosos , Embalagem de Alimentos , Animais , Bovinos , Conservação de Alimentos , Soro do Leite , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Polímeros , Proteínas do Soro do Leite , CarneRESUMO
Neuroactive steroids can be synthetic or endogenous molecules produced by neuronal and glial cells and peripheral glands. Examples include estrogens, testosterone, progesterone and its reduced metabolites such as 5α-dihydro-progesterone and allopregnanolone. Steroids produced by neurons and glia target the nervous system and are called neurosteroids. Progesterone and analog molecules, known as progestogens, have been shown to exhibit neurotrophic, neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, glial modulatory, promyelinating, and remyelinating effects in several experimental models of neurodegenerative and injury conditions. Pleiotropic mechanisms of progestogens may act synergistically to prevent neuron degeneration, astrocyte and microglial reactivity, reducing morbidity and mortality. The aim of this review is to summarize the significant findings related to the actions of progesterone and other progestogens in experimental models and epidemiological and clinical trials of some of the most prevalent and debilitating chronic neurodegenerative disorders, namely, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis. We evaluated progestogen alterations under pathological conditions, how pathology modifies their levels, as well as the intracellular mechanisms and glial interactions underlying their neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, an analysis of the potential of natural progestogens and synthetic progestins as neuroprotective and regenerative agents, when administered as hormone replacement therapy in menopause, is also discussed.
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Doença de Alzheimer , Progestinas , Feminino , Humanos , Progestinas/farmacologia , Progestinas/uso terapêutico , Progestinas/metabolismo , Progesterona/farmacologia , Progesterona/uso terapêutico , Progesterona/metabolismo , Neuroproteção , Doença de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Neurônios/metabolismoRESUMO
Atualmente, o diabetes mellitus (DM) continua sendo um problema de saúde crescente relacionado ao atraso na cicatrização cutânea e altas taxas de amputação, o que leva a uma grande necessidade de novas terapias. Uma abordagem alternativa para o tratamento de feridas diabéticas é a terapia de fotobiomodulação (PBMT). No entanto, o mecanismo que a PBMT pode ativar para estimular o reparo de feridas em uma condição prejudicada, como diabetes, ainda não é totalmente compreendido. Identificar e analisar o papel da PBMT na modulação das células cutâneas em um modelo in vitro de diabetes tipo I. Populações heterogêneas de células cutâneas foram isoladas enzimaticamente de camundongos não diabéticos e diabéticos e tratadas ou não com laser de diodo (InGalP, 660nm, 20mW, 5J/cm2 , 0,71 W/cm2 ,7s). Funções celulares essenciais, como capacidade de formação de colônias, viabilidade e migração celular foram quantificadas. A capacidade de diferenciação neuro e adipogênica e marcadores importantes para reparo de feridas também foram analisados. A PBMT estimulou a migração celular cutânea intervalada ou seja, dia sim, dia não independentemente do tipo de célula, apesar de ter produzido limitada viabilidade e crescimento celulares. Após 14 dias de cultivo, a expressão negativa do transportador de glicose 1 (GLUT1) confirmou o estado diabético em células in vitro. A PBMT promoveu a neurodiferenciação de ambas as linhagens celulares, mas aumentou a adipogênese apenas em células não diabéticas. A expressão diminuída de receptor antagonista de interleucina 1 (IL1ra) e o aumento de interleucina-1α (IL- 1α) mostraram aumento do estado inflamatório nas células diabéticas em comparação com as células não diabéticas, o que foi agravado pela PBMT. Por outro lado, a PBMT aumentou a expressão de marcadores de células-tronco (Nestina NES e Antígeno Neuro-Glial 2 NG2) em células não induzidas à diferenciação. A PBMT em 660nm apresentou efeitos ambivalentes em células cutâneas in vitro. Apesar da PBMT ter contribuído para aumentar o estado hiperinflamatório das células diabéticas, seus efeitos na migração e na estimulação de células multipotentes foram positivos. É possível que a PBMT contribua para o influxo de células indiferenciadas no leito da ferida acelerando o reparo tecidual em feridas crônicas.
Currently, diabetes mellitus (DM) remains a soaring health problem related to delayed skin healing and high amputation rates, which leads to a need for new therapies. An alternative approach to treating diabetic wounds is photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT). However, the mechanism that PBMT might activate to stimulate wound repair in an impaired condition such as diabetes is still not fully understood. Objective: To identify and analyze the role of PBMT in the modulation of cutaneous cells in an in vitro model of type I diabetes. Heterogeneous populations of skin cells were enzymatically isolated from non-diabetic and diabetic mice and treated or not with a diode laser (InGalP, 660nm, 20mW, 5J/cm2 , 0.71 W/cm, 7s). Essential cell functions such as colony formation capacity, cell viability, and migration were quantified. Neuro and adipogenic differentiation ability and markers for wound repair were also analyzed. PBMT stimulated interval cutaneous cell migration that is, every other day regardless of cell type, despite producing limited cell viability and growth. After 14 days of culture, negative glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) expression confirmed the diabetic state in cells in vitro. PBMT promoted neurodifferentiation of both cell lines but increased adipogenesis only in non-diabetic cells. Decreased expression of receptor antagonist interleukin 1 (IL1ra) and increased interleukin-1α (IL-1α) showed enhanced inflammatory status in diabetic cells compared to non-diabetic cells, which was exacerbated by PBMT. On the other hand, PBMT increased the expression of stem cell markers (Nestin NES and Neuro-Glial Antigen 2 NG2) in cells not induced to differentiation. PBMT at 660nm showed ambivalent effects on cutaneous cells in vitro. Although PBMT contributed to an increase in the hyperinflammatory state of diabetic cells, its effects on migration and stimulation of multipotent cells were positive. Therefore, PBMT may contribute to the influx of undifferentiated cells into the wound site, accelerating tissue repair in chronic wounds.
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Fototerapia , Cicatrização , Ferimentos e Lesões , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Diabetes MellitusRESUMO
RESUMO: Crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) apresentam características clínicas que podem levá-las a terem desafios em compreender e participar do novo contexto mundial e estarem sujeitas a sofrerem os impactos causados pela pandemia da covid-19. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar se a pandemia trouxe impactos para crianças e adolescentes com TEA. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed, DOAJ, BVS, SciELO e Oásis. Foram incluídos apenas estudos que tiveram como público crianças e adolescentes com TEA. Após as buscas, um total de 28 artigos foram incluídos para a análise da revisão. Os resultados apontam que aspectos relacionados ao comportamento, à saúde mental, à rotina, à interrupção dos atendimentos presenciais e ao contexto familiar e escolar apresentaram maiores impactos negativos, enquanto comunicação e socialização tiveram impactos positivos. Não foram identificados muitos estudos em relação aos impactos da pandemia sobre os aspectos motores e a mudança dos atendimentos para telemonitoramento. Concluiu-se que a pandemia causou impactos significativos em crianças e adolescentes com TEA; assim sendo, com a retomada das atividades presenciais, esse público precisará de maior atenção.
ABSTRACT: Children and teenagers with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have clinical characteristics that can lead them to challenges in understanding and participating in the new world context and they are more likely to suffer the impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this sense, the goal of this study was to analyze whether the pandemic has had an impact on children and teenagers with ASD. This is a systematic review carried out in the electronic databases PubMed, DOAJ, BVS, SciELO and Oásis. Only studies that had children and teenagers with ASD were included. After the searches, a total of 28 articles were included for review analysis. The results show that aspects related to behavior, mental health, routine, interruption of face-to-face attendance and family and school context had greater negative impacts, while communication and socialization had positive impacts. Not many studies were identified regarding the impacts of the pandemic on the motor aspects and the change of calls to telemonitoring. It is concluded that the pandemic caused significant impacts on children and adolescents with ASD, so, with the resumption of face-to-face activities, this audience will need more attention.
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Introdução: os dentifrícios antiplaca e anticálculo contêm, em sua composição, agentes específicos para o controle e a redução do biofilme dentário, como o citrato de zinco, o óxido de zinco e o pirofosfato tetrassódico, dentre outros. Objetivo: avaliar in vitroa ação de dentifrícios antiplaca e anticálculo na variação da massa e da rugosidade superficial do esmalte bovino submetido à escovação simulada por 6 e 12 meses.Metodologia: 40 corpos de prova (CP) foram randomizados e divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos (n=10): grupo controle (GC- água) e 3 grupos teste (GT1 Colgate-Total® 12 Clean Mint, GT2 Colgate-Total® 12 Anti-Tártaro, GT3 Prevent® Antiplaca). Os CP foram submetidos à escovação simulada por 6 e 12 mesese as avaliações da massa e da rugosidade foram realizadas após cada período de escovação. Resultados: a análise da variação da massa demonstrou que não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos e os tempos. A avaliação da rugosidade demonstrou que, após 12 meses de escovação, o GT1 apresentou aumento significativo da rugosidade, quando comparado aos grupos controle e testes, enquanto os grupos GT2 e GT3 apresentaram comportamento semelhante após um ano de escovação, promovendo o polimento superficial do esmalte bovino. Conclusão: a escovação com os dentifrícios antiplaca ou anticálculo não promoveu perda significativa da massa no esmalte bovino e promoveu seu polimento.
Introduction: Antiplaque and anticalculus dentifrices contain in their composition specific agents for the control and reduction of dental biofilm, such as zinc citrate, zinc oxide, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, among others. Objective: To evaluate in vitro the action of antiplaque and anticalculus dentifrices on the variation of mass and surface roughness of bovine enamel submitted to simulated brushing for 6 and 12 months. Metodology: 40 specimens (PB) were randomized and randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10): control group (GC water) and 3 test groups (GT1 Colgate-Total® 12 Clean Mint, GT2 Colgate-Total® 12 Anti-Tartar, and GT3 Prevent®Antiplaque). The PB were submitted to simulated brushing for 6 and 12 months and the mass and roughness evaluations were performed after each brushing period. Results: The analysis of mass variation showed that there was no significant difference between groups and times. The roughness evaluation showed that after 12 months of brushing, GT1 showed a significant increase in roughness when compared to the control and test groups, while the GT2 and GT3 groups showed similar behavior after one year of brushing, promoting the surface polishing of bovine enamel. Conclusion: Brushing with antiplaque or anticalculus dentifrices did not promote significant mass loss in bovine enamel and promoted its polishing.
Assuntos
Animais , Doenças Periodontais , Escovação Dentária , Produtos Biológicos , Técnicas In Vitro , Cálculos Dentários , Esmalte Dentário , DentifríciosRESUMO
Aim: To evaluate the influence of the parameters L* a* b* on the variation of the color of bovine tooth enamel submitted to artificial darkening, after simulated brushing, with whitening toothpastes containing blue covarine. Methods: To undertake this study in vitro, 60 specimens (SP) were divided into 6 groups (n=10): control group (CGwater) and 5 test groups (GT1-Colgate Total 12, GT2-Oral-B 3D White Perfection, GT3- Colgate Luminous Instant White, GT4-CloseUp White Diamond Attraction, GT5-Sorriso Xtreme White). The specimens were darkened with coffee and submitted to simulated brushing for 6, 12, and 24 months. The alteration in the color was evaluated using CIELAB parameters and the ΔL, Δa, Δb and ΔE were calculated. The data was analyzed through generalized linear models using the R program and considering a level of significance of 5%. Results: The parameters L*, a* and the ΔL, Δa obtained better results in the test group than in the control group. There were no statistical differences between CG and the test groups for the evaluation of the b* parameter. In the evaluation of the Δb, the GT3 differed statistically from the CG. In relation to the ΔE, all the group tests showed a variation in color statistically greater than that of the CG and the GT4 showed the greatest variation, not differing from the GT3 during the periods studied. Conclusion: The mechanical and optical whitening agents positively influenced the values L*a* and b*, as well as in its variations and in the ΔE. It is important to emphasize, however, that to analyze tooth whitening it is necessary to evaluate their parameters together
Assuntos
Dente , Cremes Dentais , Cor , ClareadoresRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the physical behaviours of office workers worldwide, but studies comparing physical behaviours between countries with similar restrictions policies are rare. This study aimed to document and compare the 24-hour time-use compositions of physical behaviours among Brazilian and Swedish office workers on working and non-working days during the pandemic. METHODS: Physical behaviours were monitored over 7 days using thigh-worn accelerometers in 73 Brazilian and 202 Swedish workers. Daily time-use compositions were exhaustively described in terms of sedentary behaviour (SED) in short (< 30 min) and long (≥30 min) bouts, light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and time-in-bed. We examined differences between countries using MANOVA on data processed according to compositional data analysis. As Swedish workers had the possibility to do hybrid work, we conducted a set of sensitivity analyses including only data from days when Swedish workers worked from home. RESULTS: During working days, Brazilian office workers spent more time SED in short (294 min) and long (478 min) bouts and less time in LPA (156 min) and MVPA (50 min) than Swedish workers (274, 367, 256 and 85 min, respectively). Time spent in bed was similar in both groups. Similar differences between Brazilians and Swedes were observed on non-working days, while workers were, in general, less sedentary, more active and spent more time-in-bed than during working days. The MANOVA showed that Brazilians and Swedes differed significantly in behaviours during working (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.36) and non-working days (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.20). Brazilian workers spent significantly more time in SED relative to being active, less time in short relative to long bouts in SED, and more time in LPA relative to MVPA, both during workdays and non-workdays. Sensitivity analyses only on data from days when participants worked from home showed similar results. CONCLUSIONS: During the COVID-19 pandemic Brazilian office workers were more sedentary and less active than Swedish workers, both during working and non-working days. Whether this relates to the perception or interpretation of restrictions being different or to differences present even before the pandemic is not clear, and we encourage further research to resolve this important issue.