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Introducción. La hipotermia terapéutica (HT) reduce el riesgo de muerte o discapacidad en niños con encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica (EHI) moderada-grave. Objetivo. Describir una población de pacientes con EHI que requirió HT y su evolución hasta el alta hospitalaria. Población y métodos. Estudio descriptivo de cohorte retrospectivo. Se analizaron todos los pacientes que ingresaron a HT entre 2013 y 2022. Se evaluaron datos epidemiológicos, clínicos, de monitoreo, tratamiento, estudios complementarios y condición al alta. Se compararon los factores de riesgo entre pacientes fallecidos y sobrevivientes, y de estos, los que requirieron necesidades especiales al alta (NEAS). Resultados. Se incluyeron 247 pacientes. Mortalidad: 11 %. Evento centinela más frecuente: período expulsivo prolongado (39 %). Inicio del tratamiento: mediana 5 horas de vida. Convulsiones: 57 %. Eritropoyetina intravenosa: 66,7 %. Patrón anormal de monitoreo de función cerebral: 52 %. Normalización del monitoreo: mediana 24 horas. Resonancia magnética patológica: 42 %. Variables predictoras de mortalidad: Sarnat y Sarnat grave, y ecografía patológica al ingreso. Conclusión. La mortalidad global fue del 11 %. Las derivaciones aumentaron en forma más evidente a partir del año 2018. El horario de inicio de HT fue más tardío que en reportes anteriores. Los signos neurológicos de gravedad según la escala de Sarnat y Sarnat y la ecografía cerebral basal patológica fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad al alta. Los pacientes con NEAS presentaron normalización del trazado del electroencefalograma de amplitud integrada más tardío. El hallazgo más frecuente en la resonancia fue la afectación de los ganglios basales. No se encontraron diferencias clínicas ni de complicaciones estadísticamente significativas entre los pacientes que recibieron eritropoyetina.
Introduction. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) reduces the risk of death or disability in children with moderate to severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Objective. To describe a population of patients with HIE that required TH and their course until discharge. Population and methods. Retrospective, descriptive, cohort study. All patients admitted to TH between 2013 and 2022 were studied. Epidemiological, clinical, monitoring, and treatment data were assessed, together with supplementary tests and condition at discharge. Risk factors were compared between deceased patients and survivors; and, among the latter, those requiring special healthcare needs (SHCN) at discharge. Results. A total of 247 patients were included. Mortality: 11%. Most common sentinel event: prolonged second stage of labor (39%). Treatment initiation: median of 5 hours of life. Seizures: 57%. Intravenous erythropoietin: 66.7%. Abnormal pattern in brain function monitoring: 52%. Normalization of monitoring: median of 24 hours. Pathological magnetic resonance imaging: 42%. Predictor variables of mortality: severe Sarnat and Sarnat staging and pathological ultrasound upon admission. Conclusion. The overall mortality rate was 11%. Referrals increased more markedly since 2018. The time of TH initiation was later than in previous reports. Severe neurological signs as per the Sarnat and Sarnat staging and a pathological baseline cranial ultrasound were independent predictors of mortality at discharge. Patients with SHCN at discharge showed a normalized tracing in the amplitude-integrated electroencephalography performed later. The most common finding in the magnetic resonance imaging was basal ganglia involvement. No statistically significant differences were observed in terms of clinical characteristics or complications among patients who received erythropoietin.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica/mortalidade , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica/terapia , Hipotermia Induzida/métodos , Fatores de Tempo , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Estudos de Coortes , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Hospitais PúblicosRESUMO
Introduction. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) reduces the risk of death or disability in children with moderate to severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Objective. To describe a population of patients with HIE that required TH and their course until discharge. Population and methods. Retrospective, descriptive, cohort study. All patients admitted to TH between 2013 and 2022 were studied. Epidemiological, clinical, monitoring, and treatment data were assessed, together with supplementary tests and condition at discharge. Risk factors were compared between deceased patients and survivors; and, among the latter, those requiring special healthcare needs (SHCN) at discharge. Results. A total of 247 patients were included. Mortality: 11%. Most common sentinel event: prolonged second stage of labor (39%). Treatment initiation: median of 5 hours of life. Seizures: 57%. Intravenous erythropoietin: 66.7%. Abnormal pattern in brain function monitoring: 52%. Normalization of monitoring: median of 24 hours. Pathological magnetic resonance imaging: 42%. Predictor variables of mortality: severe Sarnat and Sarnat staging and pathological ultrasound upon admission. Conclusion. The overall mortality rate was 11%. Referrals increased more markedly since 2018. The time of TH initiation was later than in previous reports. Severe neurological signs as per the Sarnat and Sarnat staging and a pathological baseline cranial ultrasound were independent predictors of mortality at discharge. Patients with SHCN at discharge showed a normalized tracing in the amplitude-integrated electroencephalography performed later. The most common finding in the magnetic resonance imaging was basal ganglia involvement. No statistically significant differences were observed in terms of clinical characteristics or complications among patients who received erythropoietin.
Introducción. La hipotermia terapéutica (HT) reduce el riesgo de muerte o discapacidad en niños con encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica (EHI) moderada-grave. Objetivo. Describir una población de pacientes con EHI que requirió HT y su evolución hasta el alta hospitalaria. Población y métodos. Estudio descriptivo de cohorte retrospectivo. Se analizaron todos los pacientes que ingresaron a HT entre 2013 y 2022. Se evaluaron datos epidemiológicos, clínicos, de monitoreo, tratamiento, estudios complementarios y condición al alta. Se compararon los factores de riesgo entre pacientes fallecidos y sobrevivientes, y de estos, los que requirieron necesidades especiales al alta (NEAS). Resultados. Se incluyeron 247 pacientes. Mortalidad: 11 %. Evento centinela más frecuente: período expulsivo prolongado (39 %). Inicio del tratamiento: mediana 5 horas de vida. Convulsiones: 57 %. Eritropoyetina intravenosa: 66,7 %. Patrón anormal de monitoreo de función cerebral: 52 %. Normalización del monitoreo: mediana 24 horas. Resonancia magnética patológica: 42 %. Variables predictoras de mortalidad: Sarnat y Sarnat grave, y ecografía patológica al ingreso. Conclusión. La mortalidad global fue del 11 %. Las derivaciones aumentaron en forma más evidente a partir del año 2018. El horario de inicio de HT fue más tardío que en reportes anteriores. Los signos neurológicos de gravedad según la escala de Sarnat y Sarnat y la ecografía cerebral basal patológica fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad al alta. Los pacientes con NEAS presentaron normalización del trazado del electroencefalograma de amplitud integrada más tardío. El hallazgo más frecuente en la resonancia fue la afectación de los ganglios basales. No se encontraron diferencias clínicas ni de complicaciones estadísticamente significativas entre los pacientes que recibieron eritropoyetina.
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Hipotermia Induzida , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Feminino , Masculino , Estudos de Coortes , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica/terapia , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica/mortalidade , Recém-Nascido , Hipotermia Induzida/métodos , Hospitais Públicos , Lactente , Fatores de Risco , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Fatores de Tempo , Pré-EscolarRESUMO
Protoceratium reticulatum is the main yessotoxin-producer along the Chilean coast. Thus far, the yessotoxin levels recorded in this region have not posed a serious threat to human health. However, a bloom of P. reticulatum during the austral summer of 2022 caused the first ban of shellfish collection, due to the high toxin levels. A bloom of P. reticulatum during the austral summer of 2020 allowed an evaluation of the fine-scale distribution of the dinoflagellate during a tidal cycle. High-resolution measurements of biophysical properties were carried out in mid-summer (February 18-19) at a fixed sampling station in Puyuhuapi Fjord, Chilean Patagonia, as part of an intensive 24-h biophysical experiment to monitor the circadian distributions of P. reticulatum vegetative cells and yessotoxins. High P. reticulatum cell densities (>20 × 103 cells L-1) were found in association with a warmer (14.5-15 °C) and estuarine (23.5-24.5 g kg-1) sub-surface water layer (6-8 m). P. reticulatum cell numbers and yessotoxins followed a synchronic distribution pattern consistent with the excursions of the pycnocline. Nevertheless, the surface aggregation of the cells was modulated by the light cycle, suggesting daily vertical migration. The yessotoxin content per P. reticulatum cell ranged from 9.4 to 52.2 pg. This study demonstrates both the value of fine-scale resolution measurements of biophysical properties in a highly stratified system and the potential ecosystem impact of P. reticulatum strains producing high levels of yessotoxins.
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Dinoflagellida , Venenos de Moluscos , Oxocinas , Dinoflagellida/fisiologia , Oxocinas/análise , Chile , Estuários , Luz , Proliferação Nociva de Algas , Toxinas Marinhas/análiseRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Empirical evidence underscores an association between parental stress and emotional and behavioral problems in offspring. However, a comprehensive systematic review or meta-analysis on this topic is lacking. Thus, this study aims to address the scientific inquiry: Is there a relationship between parental stress and emotional/behavioral problems in children? SOURCES: This systematic review with a meta-analysis surveyed PubMed, PsycINFO, and the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde between August and September 2021. The present search combined terms (school-age children) AND (parental stress OR parenting stress OR family stress) AND (emotional and behavioral problems OR internalizing and externalizing problems). Eligibility criteria encompassed cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies published within the last five years, exploring the association between parental stress (stressful life events and parenthood-related stress disorders) and emotional/behavioral problems in school-age children. PROSPERO ID CRD42022274034. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS: Of the 24 studies meeting all inclusion criteria (n = 31,183) for the systematic review, nine were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed an association between parental stress and emotional problems (COR: 0.46 [95 % CI: 0.27 - 0.61], p < 0.001, Heterogeneity = 89 %) as well as behavioral problems (COR: 0.37 [95 % CI: 0.27 - 0.46], p < 0.001, Heterogeneity = 76 %). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that parental stress predicts emotional/behavioral problems in school-age children. Since these problems are related to long-term negative effects in adulthood, these results are crucial for preventing mental health problems in offspring and for screening and managing parental stress.
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Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil , Pais , Estresse Psicológico , Humanos , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Criança , Pais/psicologia , Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil/etiologia , Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil/psicologiaRESUMO
The effects of yessotoxins (YTXs) produced by the dinoflagellate Protoceratium reticulatum in the early stages of bivalves have not been studied in detail. The present study evaluates the effects of P. reticulatum and YTXs on the survival and feed ingestion of veliger larvae of Argopecten purpuratus. Larvae were 96 h-exposed to 500, 1000 and 2000 P. reticulatum cells mL-1, and their equivalent YTX extract was prepared in methanol. Results show a survival mean of 82 % at the highest density of dinoflagellate, and 38 % for larvae with the highest amount of YTX extract. Feed ingestion is reduced in the dinoflagellate exposure treatments as a function of cell density. Therefore, the effect of YTXs on A. purpuratus represents a new and important area of study for investigations into the deleterious effects of these toxins in the early stages of the life cycle of this and, potentially, other bivalves.
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Bivalves , Dinoflagellida , Venenos de Moluscos , Oxocinas , Pectinidae , Animais , Toxinas Marinhas/metabolismo , Larva , Dinoflagellida/metabolismo , Ingestão de AlimentosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Patients with cervical cancer (CC) may experience local recurrence very often after treatment; when only clinical parameters are used, most cases are diagnosed in late stages, which decreases the chance of recovery. Molecular markers can improve the prediction of clinical outcome. Glycolysis is altered in 70% of CCs, so molecular markers of this pathway associated with the aggressiveness of CC can be identified. METHODS: The expression of 14 glycolytic genes was analyzed in 97 CC and 29 healthy cervical tissue (HCT) with microarray; only LDHA and PFKP were validated at the mRNA and protein levels in 36 of those CC samples and in 109 new CC samples, and 31 HCT samples by qRT-PCR, Western blotting, or immunohistochemistry. A replica analysis was performed on 295 CC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. RESULTS: The protein expression of LDHA and PFKP was associated with poor overall survival [OS: LDHA HR = 4.0 (95% CI = 1.4-11.1); p = 8.0 × 10-3 ; PFKP HR = 3.3 (95% CI = 1.1-10.5); p = 4.0 × 10-2 ] and disease-free survival [DFS: LDHA HR = 4.5 (95% CI = 1.9-10.8); p = 1.0 × 10-3 ; PFKP HR = 3.2 (95% CI = 1.2-8.2); p = 1.8 × 10-2 ] independent of FIGO clinical stage, and the results for mRNA expression were similar. The risk of death was greater in patients with overexpression of both biomarkers than in patients with advanced FIGO stage [HR = 8.1 (95% CI = 2.6-26.1; p = 4.3 × 10-4 ) versus HR = 7 (95% CI 1.6-31.1, p = 1.0 × 10-2 )] and increased exponentially as the expression of LDHA and PFKP increased. CONCLUSIONS: LDHA and PFKP overexpression at the mRNA and protein levels was associated with poor OS and DFS and increased risk of death in CC patients regardless of FIGO stage. The measurement of these two markers could be very useful for evaluating clinical evolution and the risk of death from CC and could facilitate better treatment decision making.
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Fosfofrutoquinases , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Feminino , Humanos , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Glicólise/genética , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/genética , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Lactato Desidrogenase 5/metabolismo , Fosfofrutoquinases/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genéticaRESUMO
Dinophysis acuminata and D. acuta, which follows it seasonally, are the main producers of lipophilic toxins in temperate coastal waters, including Southern Chile. Strains of the two species differ in their toxin profiles and impacts on shellfish resources. D. acuta is considered the major cause of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) outbreaks in Southern Chile, but there is uncertainty about the toxicity of D. acuminata, and little information on microscale oceanographic conditions promoting their blooms. During the austral summer of 2020, intensive sampling was carried out in two northern Patagonian fjords, Puyuhuapi (PUY) and Pitipalena (PIT), sharing D. acuminata dominance and D. acuta near detection levels. Dinophysistoxin 1 (DTX 1) and pectenotoxin 2 (PTX 2) were present in all net tow samples but OA was not detected. Although differing in hydrodynamics and sampling dates, D. acuminata shared behavioural traits in the two fjords: cell maxima (>103 cells L-1) in the interface (S ~ 21) between the estuarine freshwater (EFW)) and saline water (ESW) layers; and phased-cell division (µ = 0.3-0.4 d-1) peaking after dawn, and abundance of ciliate prey. Niche analysis (Outlying Mean Index, OMI) of D. acuta with a high marginality and much lower tolerance than D. acuminata indicated an unfavourable physical environment for D. acuta (bloom failure). Comparison of toxin profiles and Dinophysis niches in three contrasting years in PUY-2020 (D. acuminata bloom), 2018 (exceptional bloom of D. acuta), and 2019 (bloom co-occurrence of the two species)-shed light on the vertical gradients which promote each species. The presence of FW (S < 11) and thermal inversion may be used to provide short-term forecasts of no risk of D. acuta blooms and OA occurrence, but D. acuminata associated with DTX 1 pose a risk of DSP events in North Patagonian fjords.
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Dinoflagellida , Intoxicação por Frutos do Mar , Humanos , Toxinas Marinhas/análise , Estuários , Ácido Okadáico/análiseRESUMO
RESUMEN Introducción: con el desarrollo de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones, las páginas web constituyen un medio facilitador del conocimiento. Objetivo: elaborar la planificación para el diseño del sitio web de la Universidad Virtual de Salud de Pinar del Río. Desarrollo: para el desarrollo del sitio se llevarán a cabo cinco procesos fundamentales: planificación inicial del sitio, definición, diseño y estándares, puesta en marcha y plan de mantenimiento. Para la confección de la página se empleará el gestor de contenido WordPress, donde PHP será el lenguaje de programación, MySQL como motor de bases de datos, Apache como servidor Web, y Windows como sistema operativo. Conclusiones: la página web constituye un medio de apoyo a los procesos desarrollados en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río, pues facilita el proceso de gestión de la información de la Universidad Virtual de Salud de dicha institución. Además, como herramienta de enseñanza despierta el interés por la investigación y contribuye a la alfabetización informacional tanto de estudiantes, como de profesores y del personal de salud que ingrese en la página.
ABSTRACT Introduction: with the development of communication and information technologies, the websites constitute a means of knowledge facilitator. Objective: to plan the design of a website at Pinar del Río Virtual Health University. Development: to the creation of the website, five main processes have to be considered: initial planning of website, its definition, design and standards, starting up and maintenance plan. To the creation of the website Word Press content manager was applied, using PHP as a programming language, MySQL as a motor of databases, Apache as a web server and Windows as an operative system. These tools allow the creation of a digital product that is able to solve the needs of information flow, interchange and update of constant communication, that are required by professionals and graduates in training. Conclusions: the website constitutes a means of support to the processes Pinar del Rio University of Medical Sciences develops, facilitating the process of information management of the Virtual Health University in this higher education institution. It encourages students to make use of it, contributing to the improvement of information literacy for students, professors and health care personnel who browse through the website.
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RESUMEN Introducción: La comunicación científica exige nuevos estándares que permitan una difusión rápida de los resultados científicos; lo cual adquiere gran connotación en las Ciencias de la Salud. Objetivo: Describir las bases para la implementación de la ciencia abierta. Método: Se desarrolló una revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos Scopus, SciELO, Pubmed y RedALyC, citándose 27 artículos. Se emplearon fórmulas de búsqueda obtenidas por la combinación de descriptores y los operadores OR y AND. Resultados: La ciencia abierta permite mejor velocidad de difusión y posicionamiento de la producción científica, evaluar la fiabilidad de los estudios y detectar conflictos de intereses. Es necesario el trabajo en materia de infraestructura para la publicación y manipulación de los datos de investigación, así como en políticas que delimiten su uso. La ciencia abierta no cambia la motivación y objetivos de la investigación, sino el cómo hacer ciencia y difundirla. Conclusiones: La ciencia abierta se sustenta el acceso libre y sin restricciones a la información, permitiendo el acceso abierto a los códigos, a los datos, a las publicaciones, así como procesos de evaluación abierta.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Scientific communication requires new standards that allows a quick diffusion of scientific results, acquiring an eminent important in the Health Sciences. Objective: Describe the basis for the implementation of open Science. Method: A bibliographic review was developed in Scopus, SciELO, Pubmed and RedALyC databases, citing 27 articles. Search formulas obtained by the combination of descriptors and the OR and AND operators were used. Results: Open science allows a quick diffusion and good positioning of scientific production, evaluation of the reliability of studies and to detect conflicts of interest. A good infrastructure is needed for the scientific publications and to manipulate all research data, as well as policies to limit their use. Open science does not change the motivation and objectives of research, but rather how science is done and how disseminated. Conclusions: Open science is based on free and unrestricted access to information, allowing open access to codes, data, publications, as well as open evaluation processes.
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Revisão da Pesquisa por Pares , Publicações Científicas e Técnicas , Publicações Eletrônicas , Publicação de Acesso AbertoRESUMO
RESUMEN Para lograr un análisis integral de los pacientes con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad, a partir de las insuficiencias en su diagnóstico, se asume como objetivo el proponer ejes de peritaje de los niños con esta dolencia, que aporten una compresión integral. Se concluye que un proceso de evaluación diagnóstica debe ser: exhaustivo, con enfoque a la potencialidad, personalizado, contextualizado, sistémico, con visión evolutiva y que considere la respuesta al tratamiento, lo cual se refleja en los ejes, en correspondencia con los síntomas nucleares predominantes, los trastornos mentales comórbidos, las alteraciones somáticas asociadas, los factores etiológicos identificados, el rendimiento escolar: las potencialidades socio-compensatorias, la respuesta al tratamiento, las características de los entornos de interacción, de acuerdo con la evolución, y el pronóstico del trastorno.
ABSTRACT To determine insufficiencies in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, for a complete assessment. We propose axes for diagnostic evaluation of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, for its better comprehension. We conclude that a diagnostic evaluation process of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder should be: comprehensive, focused on potential, personalized, contextualized, systemic, with an evolutionary vision including treatment response. In relation to predominant nuclear symptoms, axes reflect comorbid mental disorders, associated somatic alterations, etiological factors identified, school performance: socio-compensatory potential, response to treatment, characteristics of the interaction environments, evolution and prognosis of the disorder.
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Los hemotrópicos son entidades patológicas que afectan a caninos domésticos y salvajes, así como a humanos; su distribución geográfica es mundial. Con el objetivo de determinar la prevalencia de hemotrópicos en caninos domésticos de las comunidades Cancamure II, Guaranache I y Vega El Limón, de la parroquia San Juan, municipio Sucre, estado Sucre, Venezuela, se tomaron muestras sanguíneas a 65 caninos, de todas las edades, sin distinción de raza ni sexo, previo consentimiento informado de sus propietarios. Para el diagnóstico parasitológico se utilizó el examen directo, extendidos sanguíneos y de capa blanca teñidos con Hemacolor®, también se empleó la técnica de concentración de Knott modificada. De los 65 caninos estudiados, 39 resultaron positivos para hemotrópicos, representando una prevalencia de 60,00%. Entre los hemotrópicos encontrados, Ehrlichia canis resultó ser la especie más común en los caninos con una prevalencia de 89,70%, seguido por Anaplasma platys (10,20%), Dirofilaria immitis (7,70%) y Hepatozoon canis (2,60%). La comunidad más afectada por Ehrlichia canis fue Guaranache I con el 48,60% de los casos. Los valores hematológicos concordaron con lo esperado para cada hemotrópico; en el caso particular de la hepatozoonosis, el canino presentó una leucocitosis de 18,3x10(9)/L y linfocitosis leve (53,80%); sin embargo, no presentó ningún signo patognomónico. La elevada prevalencia de Ehrlichia canis en estas comunidades representa un riesgo epidemiológico para la población canina y las personas de estas comunidades. El hallazgo de Hepatozoon canis representa un importante aporte epidemiológico de la enfermedad en el municipio Sucre, siendo este el primer caso reportado en el oriente venezolano.
Hemotropics are pathogens that affect domestic and wild dogs as well as humans worldwide. In this study we determined the prevalence of hemotropics in domestic dogs in the Cancamure II, Vega El Limón and Guaranache communities in the parish of San Juan, Sucre Municipality, Sucre state, Venezuela. Blood samples of 65 dogs of all ages, regardless of race or sex, were collected with the informed consent of their owners. Parasitological diagnosis was performed using direct examination, as well as blood and buffy coat smears stained with Hemacolor®. The modified Knott´s concentration technique was also used. Of the 65 dogs studied 39 (60%) tested positive for hemotropics, and of these Ehrlichia canis was the most common species with a prevalence of 89.7%, followed by Anaplasma platys (10.2%), Dirofilaria immitis (7.7%) and Hepatozoon canis (2.6%). The community most affected by Ehrlichia canis was Guaranache with 48.6% of the total number of cases. Hematologic values were consistent with expected values for each hemotropic. As regards the hepatozoonosis, the dog showed a leukocytosis of 18.3x10(9)/L and mild lymphocytosis (53.8%), but did not show any pathognomonic symptoms. The high prevalence of Ehrlichia canis in these communities represents an epidemiological risk both for the dog populations and human inhabitants. The presence of Hepatozoon canis also represents an important contribution to the epidemiology of hepatozoonosis in Sucre Municipality, as this is the first report of this disease in eastern Venezuela.
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OBJECTIVE: To study expression of dysadherin in human testis, epididymis, and spermatozoa. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Basic research laboratory. PATIENT(S): Testis, epididymis, and testicular spermatozoa from patients under treatment and semen from volunteer donors. INTERVENTION(S): Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, and Western immunoblotting. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Dysadherin messenger RNA (mRNA) analysis in testis, epididymis, and ejaculated spermatozoa, immunohistochemistry of both tissues, Western immunoblotting of tissue/cell extracts, and immunocytochemistry of spermatozoa. RESULT(S): Dysadherin mRNA was found in testis, epididymis, and ejaculated spermatozoa. Whereas testis and spermatozoa exhibited a distinctive 91-kDa protein form, the epididymis showed a 50-kDa moiety, also found in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed >99% homology between testicular and somatic cell mRNA, suggesting differential protein glycosylation. Dysadherin was immunodetected in round spermatids and testicular/ejaculated spermatozoa. It localizes to the acrosomal region and flagellum and colocalized with E-cadherin in the head and with the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase α4 subunit in the flagellum. CONCLUSION(S): This is the first report on expression of dysadherin in the male gonad and in spermatozoa. Its colocalization with E-cadherin and Na(+),K(+)-ATPase leads us to postulate a role for dysadherin as a modulator of sperm function.
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Epididimo/fisiologia , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Espermatozoides/fisiologia , Testículo/fisiologia , Reação Acrossômica/fisiologia , Biópsia , Neoplasias da Mama , Caderinas/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Células Endoteliais/citologia , Epididimo/citologia , Exocitose/fisiologia , Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Humanos , Canais Iônicos , Masculino , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , ATPase Trocadora de Sódio-Potássio/metabolismo , Capacitação Espermática/fisiologia , Espermatozoides/citologia , Testículo/citologia , Veias Umbilicais/citologiaRESUMO
Epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) is a 120 kDa cell-cell adhesion molecule involved in the establishment of epithelial adherens junctions. It is connected to the actin cytoskeleton by adaptor proteins such as beta-catenin. Loss of E-cadherin expression/function has been related to tumor progression and metastasis. Several molecules associated with down-regulation of E-cadherin have been described, within them neural cadherin, Twist and dysadherin. Human breast cancer cell lines IBH-6 and IBH-4 were developed from ductal primary tumors and show characteristic features of malignant epithelial cells. In this study expression of E-cadherin and related proteins in IBH-6 and IBH-4 cell lines was evaluated. In IBH-6 and IBH-4 cell extracts, only an 89 kDa E-cadherin form (Ecad89) was detected, which is truncated at the C-terminus and is present at low levels. Moreover, no accumulation of the 86 kDa E-cadherin ectodomain and of the 38 kDa CTF1 fragment was observed. IBH-6 and IBH-4 cells showed an intracellular scattered E-cadherin localization. beta-catenin accompanied E-cadherin localization, and actin stress fibers were identified in both cell types. E-cadherin mRNA levels were remarkably low in IBH-6 and IBH-4 cells. The E-cadherin mRNA and genomic sequence encoding exons 14-16 could not be amplified in either cell line. Neither the mRNA nor the protein of neural cadherin and dysadherin were detected. Up-regulation of Twist mRNA was found in both cell lines. In conclusion, IBH-6 and IBH-4 breast cancer cells show down-regulation of E-cadherin expression with aberrant protein localization, and up-regulation of Twist; these features can be related to their invasive/metastatic characteristics.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Caderinas/metabolismo , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/metabolismo , Actinas/metabolismo , Antígenos CD , Western Blotting , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Caderinas/genética , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/genética , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Éxons , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Canais Iônicos , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Invasividade Neoplásica , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Fibras de Estresse/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Relacionada a Twist/metabolismo , beta Catenina/metabolismoRESUMO
Los cuerpos de poliglucosán (CPG), se encuentran en diversas entidades patológicas e incluso en condiciones normales. Su hallazgo en biopsia, cerebrales de pacientes con epilepsia mioclónica progresiva es diagnóstico de enfermedad de Lafora, siendo también encontrados en hígado, músculo esquelético, músculo cardíaco y piel. Presentamos los hallazgos clínicos, gistoquímicos, inmunohistoquímicos y ultraestructurales de la biopsia cerebral de un paciente masculino de 18 años de edad, en el que clínicamente se sospechó la enfermedad
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Epilepsias Mioclônicas/diagnóstico , Epilepsias Mioclônicas/história , Epilepsias Mioclônicas/patologiaRESUMO
Se realiza un estudio prospectivo para evaluar el tratamiento quirúrgico en la enfermedad pilonidal comparando la técnica cerreda Vs. técnica abierta con anestesia local. La muestra estudiada fue de 42 pacientes entre 13 y 30 años (promedio 20.5 años) de los cuales 37 (88,10 por ciento) eran del sexo femenino y 5 (11,90 por ciento) del sexo masculino. Los pacientes fueron divididos al azar en dos grupos, 21 pacientes intervenidos con técnica cerrada y 21 pacientes con técnica abierta. Se utilizó anestesia local y manejo ambulatorio en todos los casos. La técnica cerrada permitió una pronta cicatrización y período de incapacidad post-operatorio menor que la técnica abierta, hubo dos recidivas con la técnica cerrada, sin otras complicaciones; en la técnica abierta se presentaron dos casos complicados con sangramiento, sin otras complicaciones