RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The human skin microbiota is mainly composed of bacteria belonging to the genera Staphylococcus, Cutibacterium, Micrococcus and Corynebacterium, but on the skin of the face and back, ca. 50% of the total microbiota is represented by the bacterium Cutibacterium acnes. The aim of this research was to evaluate the impact of C. martini EO and its major compound, geraniol, on C. acnes. METHODS: The minimum inhibitory concentration against C. acnes strains, phenotypic changes and responses of the proteome was determined. In addition, was assessed the effect of compounds in RNA-binding assay, on C. acnes-exposed keratinocytes and on the C. acnes type distribution on shoulder skin. KEY FINDINGS: The range of the MIC was 0.7 to 1.6 mg/ml for the three main C. acnes types. There were no cytotoxic effects of compounds in the absence or presence of C. acnes; after 7 days of exposure to C. martini EO, we could not detect a major shift of the C. acnes types on shoulder skin that was found to be dominated by C. acnes strains of types II and IA2. CONCLUSIONS: Our work gives novel insight into the skin microbiota-interacting properties of C. martini EO.
Assuntos
Cymbopogon , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Propionibacterium acnes/efeitos dos fármacos , Monoterpenos Acíclicos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Óleos Voláteis/administração & dosagem , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Terpenos/administração & dosagem , Terpenos/farmacologiaRESUMO
Propolis is a bee product with several biological properties. This study aimed at investigating a propolis-containing mouthwash, its organoleptic properties, microbial contamination and its antibacterial action in vitro. This mouthwash was assessed in vivo to control dental plaque in humans. The presence of microorganisms was analyzed and the minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus mutans was determined. A comparative study was done in vivo using propolis, chlorhexidine, and propolis plus chlorhexidine in lower concentrations for 14 days. Dental plaque was analyzed by the Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) index. The odontological product was yellow, cloudy, free of microbial contamination, and exerted an inhibitory action in vitro. Individuals who used a propolis-containing mouthwash for 14 consecutive days in combination or not to chlorhexidine showed a similar PHP index to chlorhexidine alone. The product exerted an antibacterial action in vitro and in vivo, exhibiting a positive action in the control of dental plaque.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Placa Dentária/prevenção & controle , Antissépticos Bucais/farmacologia , Própole/farmacologia , Adulto , Clorexidina/farmacologia , Placa Dentária/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Streptococcus mutans/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Copaifera spp oleoresins have been used in folk medicine for centuries; nevertheless, its immunomodulatory action has not been investigated. Thus, the goal of this study was to characterize different oleoresins and to verify their action on human monocytes regarding pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α and IL-10, respectively). The chemical composition of Brazilian Copaifera reticulata, Copaifera duckey and Copaifera multijuga oleoresins was analyzed by HPLC-MS. Cell viability was assessed by MTT method after incubation of cells with Copaifera spp. Noncytotoxic concentrations of oleoresins were incubated with human monocytes from healthy donors, and cytokine production was determined by ELISA. HPLC-MS analysis for terpenes allowed the identification of six diterpene acids and one sesquiterpene acid. Oleoresins exerted no cytotoxic effects on human monocytes. All oleoresins had a similar profile: LPS-induced TNF-α production was maintained by oleoresins, while a significant inhibitory action on IL-10 production was seen. Copaifera oleoresins seemed to exert an activator profile on human monocytes without affecting cell viability. Such effect may be due to the presence of either diterpene or sesquiterpene acids; however, further studies are necessary to determine the involvement of such compounds in Copaifera immunomodulatory effects.
Assuntos
Bálsamos/farmacologia , Fabaceae/química , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Interleucina-10/metabolismo , Monócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Bálsamos/química , Sobrevivência Celular , Células Cultivadas , Fabaceae/classificação , Humanos , Interleucina-10/genética , Estrutura Molecular , Especificidade da Espécie , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: In traditional medicine, plants have formed the basis of sophisticated systems that have been in existence for thousands of years and still provide mankind with new remedies. Cymbopogon martinii, known as palmarosa, has been used in aromatherapy as a skin tonic due to its antimicrobial properties. It has also used in Ayurvedic medicine for skin problems and to relieve nerve pain. The immunomodulatory action of C. martinii essential oil (EO) and geraniol was evaluated regarding the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-10, respectively) by human monocytes in vitro. METHODS: Monocyte cultures were incubated with EO or geraniol. After 18 h, cytotoxicity assays were performed using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method, and cytokine production was determined by ELISA. KEY FINDINGS: The variables showed no cytotoxic effects on monocytes. TNF-α production was not affected by C. martinii and geraniol, and only the concentration of 5 µg/ml of C. martinii stimulated its production. On the other hand, all concentrations of C. martinii and geraniol increased IL-10 production by human monocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Data showed that noncytotoxic concentrations of EO and geraniol exerted an anti-inflammatory action by increasing IL-10 production; moreover, geraniol seemed to be probably responsible for EO immunomodulatory activity in our assay condition.