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OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for mental health in the population in times of COVID-19 through the analysis of levels of socio-cognitive mindfulness and perception of stress in individuals. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional observational study with a quantitative approach, carried out through online data collection using the Perceived Stress Scale and the Langer Mindfulness Scale in a sample of 955 individuals from different regions of Brazil. RESULTS: Women, younger people and individuals with low socioeconomic conditions had higher levels of perceived stress; on the other hand, older men and individuals with high socioeconomic status had higher levels of mindfulness. CONCLUSION: Socio-cognitive mindfulness was not a protective factor for perceived stress in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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COVID-19 , Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Saúde Mental , Pandemias , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Titanium surface modifications are widely used to modulate cellular behavior by recognition of topographical cues. However, how those modifications affect the expression of mediators that will influence neighboring cells is still elusive. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of conditioned media from osteoblasts cultured on laser-modified titanium surfaces on the differentiation of bone marrow cells in a paracrine manner and to analyze the expression of Wnt pathway inhibitors. Mice calvarial osteoblasts were seeded on polished (P) and Yb:YAG laser-irradiated (L) Ti surfaces. Osteoblast culture media were collected and filtered on alternate days to stimulate mice BMCs. Resazurin assay was performed every other day for 20 days to check BMC viability and proliferation. After 7 and 14 days of BMCs maintained with osteoblasts P and L-conditioned media, alkaline phosphatase activity, Alizarin Red staining, and RT-qPCR were performed. ELISA of conditioned media was conducted to investigate the expression of Wnt inhibitors Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) and Sclerostin (SOST). BMCs showed increased mineralized nodule formation and alkaline phosphatase activity. The L-conditioned media enhanced the BMC mRNA expression of bone-related markers Bglap, Alpl, and Sp7. L-conditioned media decreased the expression of DKK1 compared with P-conditioned media. The contact of osteoblasts with Yb:YAG laser-modified Ti surfaces induces the regulation of the expression of mediators that affect the osteoblastic differentiation of neighboring cells. DKK1 is among these regulated mediators.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To identify risk factors for mental health in the population in times of COVID-19 through the analysis of levels of socio-cognitive mindfulness and perception of stress in individuals. Method: This is a cross-sectional observational study with a quantitative approach, carried out through online data collection using the Perceived Stress Scale and the Langer Mindfulness Scale in a sample of 955 individuals from different regions of Brazil. Results: Women, younger people and individuals with low socioeconomic conditions had higher levels of perceived stress; on the other hand, older men and individuals with high socioeconomic status had higher levels of mindfulness. Conclusion: Socio-cognitive mindfulness was not a protective factor for perceived stress in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar factores de riesgo para la salud mental en la población en tiempos de COVID-19 a través del análisis de los niveles de mindfulness sociocognitivo y percepción de estrés en los individuos. Método: Se trata de un estudio observacional transversal con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado a través de la recolección de datos en línea utilizando la Escala de Estrés Percibido y la Escala de Mindfulness de Langer en una muestra de 955 individuos de diferentes regiones de Brasil. Resultados: Las mujeres, los jóvenes y las personas con condiciones socioeconómicas bajas presentaron mayores niveles de estrés percibido. Por el contrario, los hombres mayores y las personas con un nivel socioeconómico alto tenían niveles más altos de atención plena. Conclusión: El mindfulness sociocognitivo no fue un factor protector para el estrés percibido en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19.
RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar fatores de risco para a saúde mental na população em tempos de COVID-19 por meio da análise dos níveis atenção plena sociocognitiva e de percepção ao estresse nos indivíduos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional do tipo transversal com abordagem quantitativa, realizado por meio de coleta de dados online utilizando a Escala de Estresse Percebido e a Escala de Atenção Plena de Langer em uma amostra de 955 indivíduos de diversas regiões do Brasil. Resultados: Mulheres, pessoas mais jovens e indivíduos com baixas condições socioeconômicas apresentaram maiores níveis de estresse percebido. Em contrapartida, os homens mais velhos e indivíduos com altas condições socioeconômicas apresentaram maiores níveis de atenção plena. Conclusão: A atenção plena sociocognitiva não se constituiu fator de proteção ao estresse percebido no contexto pandêmico da COVID-19.
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Saúde Mental , Enfermagem , Infecções por Coronavirus , Estresse Psicológico , Atenção Plena , COVID-19RESUMO
Lipoproteins are important bacterial immunostimulating molecules capable of inducing receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANKL) and osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo . Although these molecules are present in periodontopathogenic bacteria, their role in periodontitis is not known. In this study, we used Pam2CSK4 (PAM2), a synthetic molecule that mimics bacterial lipoprotein, to investigate the effects of lipoproteins on periodontitis in mice. C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into three experimental groups: 1) Negative control group: animals received vehicle injection; 2) Positive control group: animals received injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS); 3) PAM2 group: animals received PAM2 injection. All the injections were performed bilaterally every other day into the palatal mucosa between first and second molars. After twenty-four days, the animals were euthanized to assess alveolar bone volume (micro-CT), cellular and extracellular composition in the gingiva (stereometric analysis), and osteoclast numbers (TRAP staining). Treatment with either PAM2 or LPS induced gingival inflammation, as demonstrated by increased infiltration of inflammatory cells and enhanced angiogenesis, associated with a smaller number of fibroblasts and decreased extracellular matrix. Importantly, treatment not only with LPS but also with PAM2 resulted in a larger number of TRAP+ multinucleated osteoclasts and significant loss of alveolar bone. Collectively, our data demonstrate that PAM2 can induce gingival inflammation and bone loss in mice, broadening the avenues of investigation into the role of lipoproteins in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
Assuntos
Lipopeptídeos/farmacologia , Periodontite/etiologia , Periodontite/patologia , Receptor 2 Toll-Like/antagonistas & inibidores , Perda do Osso Alveolar/etiologia , Perda do Osso Alveolar/patologia , Processo Alveolar/efeitos dos fármacos , Processo Alveolar/patologia , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Gengiva/efeitos dos fármacos , Gengiva/patologia , Gengivite/etiologia , Gengivite/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Osteoclastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteoclastos/fisiologia , Periodontite/microbiologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Fosfatase Ácida Resistente a Tartarato , Fatores de Tempo , Microtomografia por Raio-XRESUMO
Abstract Lipoproteins are important bacterial immunostimulating molecules capable of inducing receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANKL) and osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo . Although these molecules are present in periodontopathogenic bacteria, their role in periodontitis is not known. In this study, we used Pam2CSK4 (PAM2), a synthetic molecule that mimics bacterial lipoprotein, to investigate the effects of lipoproteins on periodontitis in mice. C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into three experimental groups: 1) Negative control group: animals received vehicle injection; 2) Positive control group: animals received injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS); 3) PAM2 group: animals received PAM2 injection. All the injections were performed bilaterally every other day into the palatal mucosa between first and second molars. After twenty-four days, the animals were euthanized to assess alveolar bone volume (micro-CT), cellular and extracellular composition in the gingiva (stereometric analysis), and osteoclast numbers (TRAP staining). Treatment with either PAM2 or LPS induced gingival inflammation, as demonstrated by increased infiltration of inflammatory cells and enhanced angiogenesis, associated with a smaller number of fibroblasts and decreased extracellular matrix. Importantly, treatment not only with LPS but also with PAM2 resulted in a larger number of TRAP+ multinucleated osteoclasts and significant loss of alveolar bone. Collectively, our data demonstrate that PAM2 can induce gingival inflammation and bone loss in mice, broadening the avenues of investigation into the role of lipoproteins in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Periodontite/etiologia , Periodontite/patologia , Receptor 2 Toll-Like/antagonistas & inibidores , Lipopeptídeos/farmacologia , Osteoclastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Periodontite/microbiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Distribuição Aleatória , Perda do Osso Alveolar/etiologia , Perda do Osso Alveolar/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Processo Alveolar/efeitos dos fármacos , Processo Alveolar/patologia , Fosfatase Ácida Resistente a Tartarato , Gengiva/efeitos dos fármacos , Gengiva/patologia , Gengivite/etiologia , Gengivite/patologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BLRESUMO
Abstract Lipoproteins are important bacterial immunostimulating molecules capable of inducing receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANKL) and osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo . Although these molecules are present in periodontopathogenic bacteria, their role in periodontitis is not known. In this study, we used Pam2CSK4 (PAM2), a synthetic molecule that mimics bacterial lipoprotein, to investigate the effects of lipoproteins on periodontitis in mice. C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into three experimental groups: 1) Negative control group: animals received vehicle injection; 2) Positive control group: animals received injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS); 3) PAM2 group: animals received PAM2 injection. All the injections were performed bilaterally every other day into the palatal mucosa between first and second molars. After twenty-four days, the animals were euthanized to assess alveolar bone volume (micro-CT), cellular and extracellular composition in the gingiva (stereometric analysis), and osteoclast numbers (TRAP staining). Treatment with either PAM2 or LPS induced gingival inflammation, as demonstrated by increased infiltration of inflammatory cells and enhanced angiogenesis, associated with a smaller number of fibroblasts and decreased extracellular matrix. Importantly, treatment not only with LPS but also with PAM2 resulted in a larger number of TRAP+ multinucleated osteoclasts and significant loss of alveolar bone. Collectively, our data demonstrate that PAM2 can induce gingival inflammation and bone loss in mice, broadening the avenues of investigation into the role of lipoproteins in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Periodontite/etiologia , Periodontite/patologia , Receptor 2 Toll-Like/antagonistas & inibidores , Lipopeptídeos/farmacologia , Osteoclastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteoclastos/fisiologia , Periodontite/microbiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Distribuição Aleatória , Perda do Osso Alveolar/etiologia , Perda do Osso Alveolar/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Processo Alveolar/efeitos dos fármacos , Processo Alveolar/patologia , Fosfatase Ácida Resistente a Tartarato , Gengiva/efeitos dos fármacos , Gengiva/patologia , Gengivite/etiologia , Gengivite/patologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BLRESUMO
This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of terpinen-4-ol against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus and its influence on gbpA (S. mutans) and slpA (L. acidophilus) gene expression. As measured by XTT assay, the concentrations of terpinen-4-ol that effectively inhibited the biofilm were 0.24% and 0.95% for S. mutans and L. acidophilus, respectively. Confocal microscopy revealed the presence of a biofilm attached to the enamel and dentin block surfaces with significant terpinen-4-ol effects against these microorganisms. The expression of the gbpA and slpA genes involved in adherence and biofilm formation was investigated using RT-PCR. Expression of these genes decreased after 15 min with 0.24% and 0.95% terpinen-4-ol in S. mutans and L. acidophilus, respectively. These findings demonstrate the antimicrobial activity of terpinen-4-ol and its ability to modulate the expression of gbpA and slpA genes, emphasizing the therapeutic capacity of terpinen-4-ol as an alternative to inhibit adherence in biofilm.
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Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Lactobacillus acidophilus/efeitos dos fármacos , Streptococcus mutans/efeitos dos fármacos , Terpenos/farmacologia , Adulto , Anti-Infecciosos , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Lactobacillus acidophilus/genética , Lactobacillus acidophilus/metabolismo , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Fitoterapia , Streptococcus mutans/genética , Streptococcus mutans/metabolismo , Óleo de Melaleuca/químicaRESUMO
The present study aimed to evaluates polymerization shrinkage (PS) using microcomputed tomography (µCT) and microtensile bond strength (µTBS) in bulk fill composites (BFC) and conventional class I restorations as well as the correlation between these factors. Class I cavities (4 x 5 x 4 mm), factor-C = 4.2, were created in third molars that were free of caries, which were randomly divided in 4 groups (n = 6): XTI (Filtek Supreme XTE: incremental technique); XTB (Filtek Supreme XTE: single fill technique); TBF (Tetric Bulk Fill); and SF (SonicFill). Each tooth was scanned twice in µCT: T0 was after filling the cavity with composite, and T1 was after light curing. The data were analyzed by subtracting the composite volume for each time (T1 - T0). After 1 week, the teeth were sectioned crosswise in the buccolingual and mesiodistal directions to obtain specimens with approximately 1 mm² thickness and fixed in a universal testing machine to perform µTBS. The Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests showed a statistically significant difference for shrinkage in µCT among the XTI and XTB and between the SF and XTB. Regarding the µTBS, all the groups differed from XTB. Bulk fill composites type presents a PS similar to that of the conventional nanoparticulate composite inserted using the incremental technique, but the bond strength was higher for the incremental group, which presented a lower number of pre-test failures when compared to BFC. No correlation was observed between the polymerization shrinkage and bond strength in the studied composites.
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Resinas Compostas/química , Colagem Dentária , Restauração Dentária Permanente/métodos , Resistência à Tração , Análise do Estresse Dentário , Polimerização , Distribuição Aleatória , Microtomografia por Raio-X/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Several studies reported the local tissue reaction caused by mineral aggregate-based cements. However, few studies have investigated the systemic effects promoted by these cements on liver and kidney when directly applied to connective tissue. The purpose of this in vivo study was to investigate the systemic effect of mineral aggregate-based cements on the livers and kidneys of rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Samples of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and a calcium aluminate-based cement (EndoBinder) containing different radiopacifiers were implanted into the dorsum of 40 rats. After 7 and 30 d, samples of subcutaneous, liver and kidney tissues were submitted to histopathological analysis. A score (0-3) was used to grade the inflammatory reaction. Blood samples were collected to evaluate changes in hepatic and renal functions of animals. RESULTS: The moderate inflammatory reaction (2) observed for 7 d in the subcutaneous tissue decreased with time for all cements. The thickness of inflammatory capsules also presented a significant decrease with time (P<.05). Systemically, all cements caused adverse inflammatory reactions in the liver and kidney, being more evident for MTA, persisting until the end of the analysis. Liver functions increased significantly for MTA during 30 d (P<.05). CONCLUSION: The different cements induced to a locally limited inflammatory reaction. However, from the systemic point of view, the cements promoted significant inflammatory reactions in the liver and kidney. For MTA, the reactions were more accentuated.
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Compostos de Alumínio/farmacologia , Compostos de Cálcio/farmacologia , Cimentos Dentários/farmacologia , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Óxidos/farmacologia , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular/farmacologia , Silicatos/farmacologia , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Combinação de Medicamentos , Rim/patologia , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Teste de Materiais , Ratos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Abstract Objective: Several studies reported the local tissue reaction caused by mineral aggregate-based cements. However, few studies have investigated the systemic effects promoted by these cements on liver and kidney when directly applied to connective tissue. The purpose of this in vivo study was to investigate the systemic effect of mineral aggregate-based cements on the livers and kidneys of rats. Material and Methods: Samples of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and a calcium aluminate-based cement (EndoBinder) containing different radiopacifiers were implanted into the dorsum of 40 rats. After 7 and 30 d, samples of subcutaneous, liver and kidney tissues were submitted to histopathological analysis. A score (0-3) was used to grade the inflammatory reaction. Blood samples were collected to evaluate changes in hepatic and renal functions of animals. Results: The moderate inflammatory reaction (2) observed for 7 d in the subcutaneous tissue decreased with time for all cements. The thickness of inflammatory capsules also presented a significant decrease with time (P<.05). Systemically, all cements caused adverse inflammatory reactions in the liver and kidney, being more evident for MTA, persisting until the end of the analysis. Liver functions increased significantly for MTA during 30 d (P<.05). Conclusion: The different cements induced to a locally limited inflammatory reaction. However, from the systemic point of view, the cements promoted significant inflammatory reactions in the liver and kidney. For MTA, the reactions were more accentuated.
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Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Óxidos/farmacologia , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular/farmacologia , Silicatos/farmacologia , Compostos de Cálcio/farmacologia , Compostos de Alumínio/farmacologia , Cimentos Dentários/farmacologia , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Tempo , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Teste de Materiais , Combinação de Medicamentos , Rim/patologia , Fígado/patologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Incontinentia pigmenti or Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome is a rare X-linked dominant disease that mainly affects the skin, eyes, hair, central nervous system and teeth. The disease is predominant among women. Although dermatologic manifestations are among the most important aspects for the diagnosis of the syndrome, they are less damaging to the patient and do not require treatment. However, oral involvement characterized by hypodontia of deciduous and permanent teeth is important for the diagnosis and treatment of the patient. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 3-year-old girl with ophthalmologic and neurologic disturbances, cutaneous manifestations and hypodontia. Since the patient did not present more damaging manifestations such as neurologic and/or ophthalmologic problems, her most severe complications were related to dental anomalies. The importance of integrated dental treatment, which combines pediatric dentistry, orthodontics and conventional prosthesis, is emphasized. CONCLUSION: Hypodontia is a frequent finding in incontinentia pigmenti, and dentists should be aware of this condition in order to help with the diagnosis.