RESUMO
In this study, 12 polymorphic microsatellites were inves-tigated to determine the genetic diversity and structure of 5 consecu-tive selected populations of golden mandarin fish (Siniperca scherzeri Steindachner). The total numbers of alleles, average heterozyosity, and average polymorphism information content showed that the genetic diversity of these breeding populations was decreasing. Additionally, pairwise fixation index FST values among populations and Da values in-creased from F1 generation to subsequent generations (FST values from 0.0221-0.1408; Da values from 0.0608-0.1951). Analysis of molecular variance indicated that most genetic variations arise from individuals within populations (about 92.05%), while variation among populations accounted for only 7.95%. The allele frequency of the loci SC75-220 and SC101-222 bp changed regularly in the 5 breeding generations. Their frequencies were gradually increased and showed an enrichment trend, indicating that there may be genetic correlations between these 2 loci and breeding traits. Our study indicated that microsatellite markers are effective for assessing the genetic variability in the golden mandarin fish breeding program.
Assuntos
Cruzamento , Peixes/genética , Variação Genética , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Animais , Frequência do Gene/genética , Loci GênicosRESUMO
Mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is a traditionally cultured freshwater fish with high commercial value in China. To facilitate marker-assisted selection for genetic improvement of this species, 100 microsatellite markers identified in previous studies were characterized in the 25 largest and 25 smallest individuals. Twenty polymorphic loci were used to genotype 200 individuals, and the associations between their genotypes and growth traits were examined. We found that 9 genotypes at 8 loci (SC-10, Sin 135, Sin 166, AP 34-23, AP 38-11, AP 37-22, AP 37-08, and AP 37-37) were positively correlated with growth traits (body weight, body length, body height) in the mandarin fish population. The average of observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.71 and 0.59, respectively, and the average polymorphism information content value was 0.54, indicating that the population had high genetic diversity. The markers developed in this study are useful for selection of genetic breeding in this species and its related species.
Assuntos
Repetições de Microssatélites , Perciformes/genética , Animais , China , Estudos de Associação Genética , Variação Genética , Genética Populacional , Heterozigoto , Seleção ArtificialRESUMO
The Chinese perch, or mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi), is a freshwater fish that is endemic to East Asia. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and structure of nine natural mandarin fish populations (from the Yangtze River and Amur River basins) and six hatchery stocks (from central and south China) using microsatellite markers. The results show that the genetic diversity of the Yangtze River populations was high and stable, and genetic differences between them were not significant. In contrast, a low level of genetic diversity and strong genetic structure were detected in the Amur River population. These results suggest that the Yangtze River region and the Amur River region should be treated as two separate units in conservation programs. The hatchery stocks exhibited low genetic diversity and significant genetic differentiation compared to natural populations; this may result in a significant impact on the species if escape events occur. Therefore, a scientific aquaculture management strategy is necessary for the long-term development of hatcheries.
Assuntos
Variação Genética , Genética Populacional , Repetições de Microssatélites , Perciformes/genética , Alelos , Animais , Aquicultura/organização & administração , China , Perciformes/classificação , Filogenia , Rios , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
In this report, 10 polymorphic microsatellites were applied to assess the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of 5 consecutive breeding generations of mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky). The results from total number of alleles, average polymorphism information content, and average homozygosity and heterozygosity showed that the genetic diversity of the breeding population was decreasing. The genetic identity between F1 and its descendant generations (F2, F3, F4, F5) decreased (from 0.9248 to 0.8803), while the genetic distance (from 0.0782 to 0.1275) and fixation index (from 0.03796 to 0.07393) increased. The allele frequency of SS181-235 and SS211-246 changed regularly in the 5 breeding generations, and they may be negatively associated with the selected trait, which needs to be confirmed by further research. Our study indicated that selective breeding was an efficient strategy for mandarin fish. In the process of breeding, some deleterious genes were phased out, and the genetic structure of the breeding populations became stable.
Assuntos
Estruturas Genéticas , Variação Genética , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Percas/genética , Alelos , Animais , Cruzamento , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Percas/classificação , Filogenia , Polimorfismo Genético , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
This study investigated functional changes in the ovaries of women who have had conservative laparoscopic endometrial cystectomy and the effects of traditional kidney-reinforcing and blood-activating Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on ovarian function. Seventy female patients who underwent laparoscopic endometrial cystectomy were randomized into two groups: TCM group receiving kidney-reinforcing and blood-activating Chinese medicine (N = 35) and control group receiving only routine follow-up (N = 35). The serum levels of all study participants were measured for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2) and inhibin B (INHB) prior to and after endometrial surgery. Postoperative menstruation conditions were also assessed. Compared to preoperative conditions, both LH and FSH levels during the postoperative 1st month increased in both groups, while E2 and INHB levels decreased (P < 0.05). In the TCM group, in contrast to the control group and the postoperative 1st month, we observed a decrease in LH and FSH levels during the postoperative 4th month, while E2 and INHB levels increased (P < 0.05). In this study, we found that certain TCM prescriptions lowered postoperative serum FSH and LH levels and increased the serum INHB and basal E2 levels, thereby improving the ovarian reserve.
Assuntos
Cistectomia , Endométrio/cirurgia , Rim/fisiopatologia , Laparoscopia , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Ovário/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Endométrio/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Hormônios/sangue , Humanos , Subunidades beta de Inibinas/sangue , Menstruação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is a traditionally cultured freshwater fish with high commercial value in China. To facilitate marker-assisted selection in genetic improvement of this species, 120 microsatellite markers from the literature were characterized in the 25 largest and 25 smallest individuals. Eighteen polymorphic loci were then used to genotype 200 individuals, and the associations between their genotypes and growth traits were examined. We found that eight genotypes of six loci (AP 37-06, AP 37-11, AP 37-16, AP 37-48, AP 38-32, and AP 39-05) were positively correlated with growth traits (body weight, length, and height) in the mandarin fish population. The average observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.68 and 0.59, respectively, and the average PIC value was 0.50, indicating a population with high genetic diversity. Therefore, these markers could be useful for assisted selection in genetic breeding of this species and its related species.
Assuntos
Marcadores Genéticos , Repetições de Microssatélites , Perciformes/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Característica Quantitativa Herdável , Animais , Peso Corporal , Cruzamento , Feminino , Loci Gênicos , Genética Populacional , Genótipo , Técnicas de Genotipagem , Heterozigoto , Masculino , Perciformes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fenótipo , TranscriptomaRESUMO
Spotted mandarin fish (Siniperca scherzeri Steindachne) feed solely on live fry of other fish species once the fry start feeding in the wild. In the present study, 26 polymorphic transcriptome-derived simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and 14 genomic SSR markers were developed and characterized in S. scherzeri Steindachne by combining a biotin-enrichment protocol and transcriptome of F1 interspecies hybrids between S. chuatsi (â) and S. scherzeri (â). These 40 polymorphic SSRs amplified 168 alleles (mean 4.2). The number of alleles, observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, and polymorphic information content per locus were in the range of 2 to 7 (mean 4.3), 0.1111 to 1.000 (mean 0.6718), 0.3118 to 0.8276 (mean 0.6901), and 0.2735 to 0.7902 (mean 0.6298), respectively. Ten of these microsatellite loci deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P < 0.00125) after Bonferroni correction for multiple tests and no significant linkage disequilibrium (P < 0.00006) was observed. The microsatellite markers characterized from S. scherzeri could be a valuable tool in genetic evaluation for conservation and for assessment of the mechanism associated with unique food preference of S. scherzeri from a genetic point of view.
Assuntos
Marcadores Genéticos , Repetições de Microssatélites , Perciformes/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Transcriptoma , Alelos , Animais , Cruzamento , Quimera/genética , Etiquetas de Sequências Expressas , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Loci Gênicos , Genética Populacional , Heterozigoto , Desequilíbrio de Ligação , Masculino , Perciformes/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
In this study, 37 transcriptome-derived simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and 18 genomic SSR markers were developed and characterized in the Chinese perch, Siniperca kneri Garman. The average allele number per locus was 5.1 (range: 2-8) for transcriptome-derived SSRs and 3.8 (range: 2-5) for genomic SSRs. The average observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.666 (range: 0.000-1.000) and 0.692 (range: 0.230-0.857) for transcriptome-derived SSRs, respectively. These values were 0.380 (range: 0.000-1.000) and 0.527 (range: 0.201-0.799) for genomic SSRs, respectively. The average polymorphic information content was 0.638 (range: 0.215-0.824) for transcriptome-derived SSRs and 0.477 (range: 0.183-0.752) for genomic SSRs. Seven of these loci exhibited departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after sequential Bonferroni's correction for multiple tests, and no significant deviation was observed for the linkage disequilibrium. These developed and characterized markers are anticipated to be useful for studies on population genetics, conservation genetics, and the fishery management of this species.
Assuntos
Repetições de Microssatélites , Percas/genética , Alelos , Animais , Feminino , Loci Gênicos , Genótipo , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Motivos de Nucleotídeos , Polimorfismo Genético , TranscriptomaRESUMO
The mandarin fish is a popular fresh water food fish in China. Fifty-three polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated through construction of an enriched library of genomic DNA of Siniperca chuatsi (Percichthyidae). We found 2 to 7 alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosity values varied from 0.059 to 1.000 and from 0.305 to 0.818, respectively. The polymorphic information content value varied from 0.255 to 0.782. Twelve microsatellite loci deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni's correction. These markers were evaluated in five species of sinipercine fish; 98% of the 265 locus/taxon combinations tested gave cross-amplification. Eight polymorphic microsatellite markers were randomly selected for genetic characterization of three S. chuatsi populations. The Ganjiang River and Yuanjiang River populations had moderate levels of genetic diversity, while the Mudanjiang River population had a relatively low level genetic diversity. Genetic distance-based cluster analysis showed clustering of the Ganjiang River and Yuanjiang River populations in a single group and the Mudanjiang River population in a separate group. Based on these results, we suggest that S. chuatsi from the Yangtze River watershed are distinct from the Mudanjiang River population. These SSR markers will be useful for diversity, mapping and marker assisted studies of S. chuatsi and other sinipercine fishes.
Assuntos
Repetições de Microssatélites , Perciformes/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Animais , Genética Populacional/métodosRESUMO
It is very important to investigate the reasons for the large individual differences in individual performance of food acceptance when using formulated diets for the successful culture of larvae and juveniles of the Chinese sturgeon Acipenser sinensis. Genetic differences of the mitochondrial control region were investigated by direct sequencing in two groups of Chinese sturgeon, which were apt to accept or refuse formulated diets. Among 968-bp sequences, 111 variable sites were identified. One variable site showed close association with the individual performance of specimens fed with formulated diets. The commercial diet for Chinese sturgeons usually contains high levels of lipids. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) are two members of the lipase gene family, which are essential for the utilization of dietary lipid. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 7 were detected in the two experimental groups of Chinese sturgeons. We were able to demonstrate that one SNP in the LPL gene and one SNP in the HL gene showed close association with the performance of sturgeons on the formulated diet.