Assuntos
Adolescente , Análise Multivariada , Causas de Morte , Criança , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Etários , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores de Risco , Hanseníase/complicações , Hanseníase/mortalidade , Infecções por HTLV-I/complicações , Infecções por HTLV-I/epidemiologia , Infecções por HTLV-I/mortalidade , Lactente , Modelos Logísticos , Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Pré-Escolar , Recém-Nascido , República Democrática do CongoRESUMO
This study reports the various steps involved in the design of a simplified information system for leprosy (OMSLEP), developed in cooperation between the Unit of Epidemiology, University of Louvain, Belgium, and WHO. The objective of the system is to permit the evaluation of a) the efficiency of programs within the context of established strategies and norms; b) the effectiveness of leprosy control methods from an epidemiological point of view; c) the efficacy and productivity of certain program components. Prior to designing the system, the relevant epidemiological and operational indices have been reviewed. A survey was also made of the forms used by some 78 leprosy control schemes throughout the world in order to analyze the current information now being collected. The proposed system is described. It includes individual record form to be filled at registration and once yearly in subsequent years of follow-up, a detection form, and an annual statistics form for the tabulation of total patients. The system is presently being tested in some 15 countries
Assuntos
Hanseníase/epidemiologia , Hanseníase/prevenção & controle , Hanseníase/terapiaRESUMO
Australia antigen is more common in patients with lepromatous leprosy than in patients with tuberculoid leprosy or in non-leprosy controls. In the combined populations, the frequency is, in general, higher in males than females, and in younger people than in older people. Australia antigen has now been found to be associated with lepromatous leprosy, leukaemia, and hepatitis, and to cluster in families. It is sugegsted that indivuduals with Australia antigen have an inadequate immune response and are especially susceptible to various illness, including lepromatous leprosy.
Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adolescente , Antígenos , Análise Fatorial , Envelhecimento , Hanseníase/diagnóstico , Hanseníase/genética , Hanseníase/imunologia , Hanseníase/sangue , Hepatite/imunologia , Computadores , SexoRESUMO
Enough is known of the occurrence of bone damage in leprosy to establish it as a serious and probably very frequent complication. For practical purposes although, other bones may be involved, the principal problem relates to the small bones of the hands and feet. Two general kinds of bone damage are recognized: specific leprous osteitis, caused by invasion of the bone by M.leprae, and nonspecific leprous osteitis, in which the basic cause is damage or destruction due to invasion by M. leprae of the nerves supplying the extremities. The latter is nonspecific in the sense that the osteitis is not a direct result of invasion of the bone by the leprosy bacillus. From the mechanistic point of view, nonspecific osteitis may be tentatively classified as: 1- Distal absorption, in which vascular disturbances and / or secondary infection in the anesthetic extremity play a role; 2- Metatarsophalangeal osteoarthritis, which is associated with repeated injury of an anesthetic site following displacement of the supporting structures of the plantar arch; 3- Osteitis, which is a sequel to ulceration and secondary infection; and 4- Osteoporosis, which follows disuse. There is a need for more extensive sequential studies, correlating clinical, x-ray and histopathologic data. It would be useful and enlightening to have such studies carried out in several widely separated parts of the world.
Assuntos
Hanseníase , Hanseníase/classificação , Hanseníase/diagnósticoRESUMO
Les mutilations constituent aujourd`hui le problème le plus grave posé par la lèpre. Les thérapeutique modernes, en particulier les préparation sulfonées à résorption lente, permettent san contredit de soigner la plupart des malades, de les blanchir et de le guérir. Mais, soint que les traitments actuels n`agissent par sur les troubles trophiques des extrémités, soit que beaucoup de malades se fassent soigner trop tardivement, il persiste un nombre considérable de lépreux mutilés