RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Cushing's syndrome (CS) is an endocrine disease by to glucocorticoids excess, depen dent or independent of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). The main cause is iatrogenic due to excessive use of glucocorticoids. OBJECTIVE: To show the association between prolonged use of topical corticosteroids and the development of CS. CLINICAL CASE: An infant treated with topical corticosteroids due to seborrheic dermatitis. Due to long-term unsupervised use, he develops Cushing's syndrome characterized by obesity and compromised growth rate. Topical use of corticosteroids was discontinued and physiological replacement therapy was initiated with descending doses, achieving clinical improvement. DISCUSSION: Topical corticosteroids are widely used in clinical practice for management of dermatological pathologies. These are available in various presentations with va riable efficiency. The main determining factors in its action are the characteristics of the skin, the active principle of the drug, the potency and application technique, so that the adverse effects are observed more frequently in the use due to diaper dermatitis. The main adverse effect of long-term use is Cushing's syndrome which can be prevented through supervised use and progressive decrease. CONCLUSION: The rational and careful use of topical corticosteroids is essential to take advantage of the beneficial effects and avoid adverse effects.

Assuntos

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El síndrome de Cushing (SC) es una patología endocrinológica por exceso de glucocorticoides, dependiente o independiente de hormona corticotropina (ACTH). La principal causa es iatrógenica por uso excesivo de glucocorticoides. OBJETIVO: Evidenciar la asociación entre uso prolongado de corticoides tópicos y desarrollo de SC. CASO CLÍNICO: Lactante mayor previamente sano, quien recibió tratamiento con corticoides tópicos debido a dermatitis seborreica. Debido a uso prolongado no supervisado, evolucionó con síndrome de Cushing caracterizado por obesidad y compromiso de la velocidad de crecimiento. Se suspendió uso tópico y se inició terapia en dosis de sustitución fisiológica en descenso, logrando mejoría clínica. DISCUSIÓN: Los corticoides tópicos se utilizan ampliamente en la práctica clínica para manejo de patologías dermatológicas. Éstos se encuentran disponibles en diversas presentaciones y potencias. Los principales factores determinantes en su acción son: características de la piel, principio activo del medicamento, potencia y técnica de aplicación, por lo que los efectos adversos se observan con mayor frecuencia ante uso por dermatitis del pañal. El principal efecto adverso del uso prolongado es el desarrollo del síndrome de Cushing, pudiendo prevenirse mediante uso supervisado y descenso progresivo. CONCLUSIÓN: Resulta funda mental el uso racional y cuidadoso de los corticoides tópicos para aprovechar los efectos beneficiosos y evitar la aparición de reacciones adversas.

INTRODUCTION: Cushing's syndrome (CS) is an endocrine disease by to glucocorticoids excess, depen dent or independent of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). The main cause is iatrogenic due to excessive use of glucocorticoids. OBJECTIVE: To show the association between prolonged use of topical corticosteroids and the development of CS. CLINICAL CASE: An infant treated with topical cor ticosteroids due to seborrheic dermatitis. Due to long-term unsupervised use, he develops Cushing's syndrome characterized by obesity and compromised growth rate. Topical use of corticosteroids was discontinued and physiological replacement therapy was initiated with descending doses, achieving clinical improvement. DISCUSSION: Topical corticosteroids are widely used in clinical practice for management of dermatological pathologies. These are available in various presentations with va riable efficiency. The main determining factors in its action are the characteristics of the skin, the active principle of the drug, the potency and application technique, so that the adverse effects are observed more frequently in the use due to diaper dermatitis. The main adverse effect of long-term use is Cushing's syndrome which can be prevented through supervised use and progressive decrease. CONCLUSION: The rational and careful use of topical corticosteroids is essential to take advantage of the beneficial effects and avoid adverse effects.

Assuntos

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La osteogénesis imperfecta (OI) es un trastorno hereditario del tejido conectivo fenotípicamente heterogéneo. Formas leves de OI suelen presentar fragilidad ósea mínima y estatura normal pudiendo manifestarse sólo por osteoporosis precoz o pérdida mineral ósea grave posmenopáusica. El cuadro moderado - severo presenta fracturas múltiples con trauma mínimo (o nulo) y deformidades óseas de grado variable. Forma más severa produce la muerte en el período perinatal. PRESENTACIÓN DEL CASO: Lactante varón 2 años 7 meses, nacido de término por parto normal, pequeño para edad gestacional severo, primogénito de madre adolescente y padre con antecedente OI. Se mantuvo hospitalizado para control de crecimiento ponderal, no encontrándose patología agregada. Tras alta, paciente fue citado a policlínico de genética por antecedente OI, sin asistir. Al año de edad, fue derivado por fractura fémur derecho posterior a trauma aparentemente mínimo, hospitalizándose para manejo con observación de OI y probable violencia intrafamiliar. Primera evaluación genética no impresionó OI, luego endocrinología solicitó estudio bioquímico y radiológico completo ambulatorio. Posteriormente, consultó por fractura fémur izquierdo con fractura tibial derecha previamente no diagnosticada. Tras reevaluación genética, destacaban retraso de talla y múltiples dismorfias corcordantes, diagnosticándose OI leve-moderada por clínica y antecedente familiar. Equipo endocrinología inició tratamiento con bifosfonatos. Evoluciona con fractura codo y nueva fractura fémur derecho tras caída. DISCUSIÓN: La OI es una patología frecuente con manifestaciones heterogéneas con diagnóstico sencillo ante fragilidad ósea, manifestaciones extraesqueléticas e historia familiar positiva. El diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno permitirían minimizar complicaciones y maximizar capacidad funcional.

INTRODUCTION: The osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a phenotypically heterogeneous hereditary connective tissue disease. The mild forms of OI tends to show minimum fragility on bones and normal height which could only be manifested as an early osteoporosis or serious postmenopausal bone density loss. The severe clinic picture shows multiple fractures with minimum trauma and bone deformity. The most severe form causes perinatal death. CASE REPORT: A breastfed infant boy of two years and seven months, born by natural birth, very small for gestational age, first born of a teenage mother and a father with OI. He was, first hospitalized for weight and growth control. No pathological findings were recognized. After the discharge, he did not attend to the genetic control. At one year old, he was sent with a right femur fracture after a minimum trauma. He was hospitalized suspecting OI and possible domestic violence. A first genetic evaluation did not match with OI, then endocrinology requested a complete radiological study. The biochemical study was normal. Then, he presented left femur and right tibia fracture. The genetic reevaluation, found multiple dysmorphic characteristic and late size development, which confirmed a mild form of OI. A biphosphonates treatment was initiated. DISCUSSION: The OI is a frequent disease with heterogeneous manifestations. The diagnosis is simple, bases on bone fragility, extra skeletal manifestations and familiar history. An early diagnosis and treatment could minimize complications and maximize mobility and functional capacity.

Assuntos

Assuntos