RESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN: La niñez y adolescencia son las etapas de la vida donde generalmente se instauran hábitos alimentarios que se relacionan con el desarrollo defactores de riesgo cardiovascular. OBJETIVO: Clasificar el riesgo cardiovascular en adolescentes escolarizados de Villavicencio (Colombia) y a su vez, estimar la asociación que tiene con la frecuencia de consumo de diferentes tipos de alimentos. METODOLOGÍA: Se trata de un estudio transversal analítico, desarrollado en 1.504 adolescentes escolarizados entre 13 a 17 años de Villavicencio, el riesgo cardiovascular fue evaluado de acuerdo al modelo propuesto por Rodríguez-Soriano y Sanjurjo, la frecuencia de alimentos se evaluó por medio de una encuesta estructurada para tal fin. Para estimar la relación entre el riesgo cardiovascular y la frecuencia de alimentos, se usaron modelos regresión binomial. RESULTADOS: La edad media de los participantes fue de 14,9 ± 0,07 años; el 61,9% eran mujeres, 80,6% provenían de colegios ubicados en la zona urbana. De acuerdo con la clasificación del riesgo cardiovascular, se encontró que el 34,5% de los adolescentes tenía riesgo cardiovascular alto, mientras que 25,4% tenían un riesgo intermedio. Los hombres, y los que consumían más de dos bebidas azucaradas al día eran aquellos que presentaron mayores cifras de alto riesgo cardiovascular (48,6% y 36,9% respectivamente). Los modelos de regresión mostraron que el consumo de más de una bebida azucaradas al día (RP 1,27 IC 95% 1,04-1,55) estaba asociado con niveles altos de riesgo cardiovascular en adolescentes. CONCLUSIÓN: Se identificó una alta proporción de adolescentes con riesgo medio y alto; adicionalmente, el consumo de bebidas azucaradas mostró su asociación con el riesgo cardiovascular.
BACKGROUND: Childhood and adolescence are the life stages where eating habits related to the development of cardiovascular risk factors are usually established. OBJECTIVE: To classify cardiovascular risk in school adolescents from Villavicencio (Colombia) and, additionally, to estimate its association with food intake frequency according to food kind. METHODOLOGY: This is an analytical cross-sectional study developed in 1,504 adolescents of 13 to 17 years of age schooling in Villavicencio. We evaluated the cardiovascular risk according to the model proposed by Rodríguez-Soriano and Sanjurjo, and the food intake frequency with a structured survey. We used a binomial regression model to estimate the relationship between cardiovascular risk and food intake frequency. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 14.9 ± 0,07 years; 61.9% were women, and 80.6% came from schools located in urban areas. According to the cardiovascular risk classification, 34.5% of adolescents had a high cardiovascular risk, while 25.4% had intermediate risk. Men and those who consume more than two sugary drinks per day are those who presented a higher percentage of high cardiovascular risk (48.6% and 36.9%, respectively). Regression models showed that consumption of more than one sugary drink per day was associated with high levels of cardiovascular risk in adolescents (OR 1.27 95%CI 1.04-1.55). CONCLUSION: A high proportion of adolescents have medium and high cardiovascular risk; additionally, the consumption ofsugary drinks showed its association with cardiovascular risk.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Comportamento Alimentar , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estudos Transversais , Fatores de Risco , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Childhood and adolescence are the life stages where eating habits related to the development of cardiovascular risk factors are usually established. OBJECTIVE: To classify cardiovascular risk in school adolescents from Villavicencio (Colombia) and, additionally, to estimate its association with food intake frequency according to food kind. METHODOLOGY: This is an analytical cross-sectional study developed in 1,504 adolescents of 13 to 17 years of age schooling in Villavicencio. We evaluated the cardiovascular risk according to the model proposed by Rodríguez-Soriano and Sanjurjo, and the food intake frequency with a structured survey. We used a binomial regression model to estimate the relationship between cardiovascular risk and food intake frequency. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 14.9 ± 0,07 years; 61.9% were women, and 80.6% came from schools located in urban areas. According to the cardiovascular risk classification, 34.5% of adolescents had a high cardiovascular risk, while 25.4% had intermediate risk. Men and those who consume more than two sugary drinks per day are those who presented a higher percentage of high cardiovascular risk (48.6% and 36.9%, respectively). Regression models showed that consumption of more than one sugary drink per day was associated with high levels of cardiovascular risk in adolescents (OR 1.27 95%CI 1.04-1.55). CONCLUSION: A high proportion of adolescents have medium and high cardiovascular risk; additionally, the consumption ofsugary drinks showed its association with cardiovascular risk.