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1.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) ; 102(1): e403-e412, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28608567

RESUMO

Ante-mortem studies of stress in rabbits are few and can potentially impact the haematologic response and physicochemical parameters of muscle meat. The aim of this study was to investigate the induction of stress by transport and simulation at two different times. Two hundred rabbits divided in a similar proportion of male and female were stressed by vehicular transportation and with motion simulation, using a vibration platform. They were divided into five groups: Control (without stress), Stress with Short Transportation (30 min), Stress with Long Transportation (60 min), Stress with Short Vibration Platform (30 min) and Stress with Long Vibration Platform (60 min). Transportation caused a decrease in the haematic potassium in both sexes (<5.2 mmol/L). The glucose and lactate concentrations increased in the transported rabbits (>219 and >61 mg/dl respectively). The differences between sexes showed that the P CO2 in males decreased <8.5 mmHg in stress groups compared to without stress group. Glucose concentration was 61.5 mg/dl for females and 38.0 mg/dl for males (p < .01). We concluded that in rabbits induced stress by transport increased the energetic metabolites in the blood tissue. This increase did not affect the production parameters and the quality of muscle meat.


Assuntos
Ácido Láctico/metabolismo , Carne/análise , Estresse Fisiológico , Animais , Feminino , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Masculino , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Coelhos/sangue , Coelhos/fisiologia , Meios de Transporte , Vibração
2.
Meat Sci ; 98(2): 193-7, 2014 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24967538

RESUMO

The objective of the present study was to determine the impact of recovering consciousness on physiological responses in hogs stunned with different concentrations of CO2. A total of 1336 pigs were moved into a CO2 anaesthesia chamber for 90s. The remaining pigs were assigned to 3 groups according to the CO2 concentration used for stunning: 85, 90 or 95%. Each group was then further divided into 2 sub-groups: those exsanguinated during the first 60s after leaving the chamber without recovering consciousness (WRC); and those exsanguinated after more than 60s that recovered consciousness (RC). The blood pH of the RC pigs decreased below 7.08, but their blood levels of Ca(2+) (>1.59mmol/L), glucose (>159.79mg/dL), and lactate (>103.52mg/dL) all increased when compared to reference values (RV) (P<0.05). Therefore, a greater metabolic and energy imbalance occurs during exsanguination when pigs recover consciousness. In conclusion, exsanguination should be performed immediately upon the pigs leaving the CO2 chamber.


Assuntos
Dióxido de Carbono/farmacologia , Estado de Consciência/efeitos dos fármacos , Inconsciência/veterinária , Animais , Glicemia/metabolismo , Cálcio/sangue , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Ácido Láctico/sangue , Valores de Referência , Estresse Fisiológico/efeitos dos fármacos , Suínos , Inconsciência/induzido quimicamente
3.
Genet Mol Res ; 10(4): 2358-65, 2011 Oct 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22002129

RESUMO

Traceability ensures a link between carcass, quarters or cuts of beef and the individual animal or the group of animals from which they are derived. Meat traceability is an essential tool for successful identification and recall of contaminated products from the market during a food crisis. Meat traceability is also extremely important for protection and value enhancement of good-quality brands. Molecular meat traceability would allow verification of conventional methods used for beef tracing in synthetic Mexican bovine breeds. We evaluated a set of 11 microsatellites for their ability to identify animals belonging to these synthetic breeds, Brangus and Charolais/Brahman (78 animals). Seven microsatellite markers allowed sample discrimination with a match probability, defined as the probability of finding two individuals sharing by chance the same genotypic profile, of 10(-8). The practical application of the marker set was evaluated by testing eight samples from carcasses and pieces of meat at the slaughterhouse and at the point of sale. The DNA profiles of the two samples obtained at these two different points in the production-commercialization chain always proved that they came from the same animal.


Assuntos
Bovinos/genética , Impressões Digitais de DNA/métodos , Genótipo , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Animais , Cruzamento , Feminino , Masculino , Carne , Indústria de Embalagem de Carne/métodos , Recall e Retirada de Produto
4.
Meat Sci ; 86(4): 945-8, 2010 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20732749

RESUMO

The effects of two transportation periods on physio- metabolic hemodynamic changes and gaseous exchange in commercial swine during transportation to the slaughterhouse was studied in 684 pigs, 357 barrows and 327 gilts, transported in 2 groups for 8 and 16 h. Transportation caused an increase of oxygen consumption and body temperature, a decrease in pH, lactic acid accumulation. Both transportation periods caused higher than normal plasma glucose levels, lactic acidosis and evidence of dehydration. The linear regression analysis for pigs transported for 8h indicates that the PO(2,) lactate and Ca(++) variables correlated negatively with the PCO(2.) Whilst the animals that were transported for 16 h had negative correlations between glucose, and calcium, hematocrit, lactate and potassium levels. It was concluded that regardless of transport time acidosis, hypocapnia, hypoxaemia, hypernatraemia, hypercalcaemia, hyperglycemia, lactacidemia and increased hematocrit levels occurred.


Assuntos
Carne , Estresse Fisiológico , Suínos/sangue , Meios de Transporte , Matadouros , Acidose Láctica/sangue , Animais , Glicemia/metabolismo , Temperatura Corporal , Cálcio/sangue , Desidratação , Feminino , Hematócrito , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Ácido Láctico/sangue , Masculino , Consumo de Oxigênio , Potássio/sangue , Análise de Regressão
5.
J Food Sci ; 75(5): C394-9, 2010 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20629858

RESUMO

The objective of this work was to study the stability of astaxanthin, obtained from shrimp wastes, and incorporated to 2 model systems: egg albumin protein solution and sunflower oil. Shrimp wastes were ensiled by a treatment with formic/acetic acids (4%-4% v/w wastes) and stored at 4 degrees C for 24 h. The pigment was extracted with organic solvents (petroleum ether:acetone:water, 15 : 75 : 10) and concentrated. The storage parameters studied were: illumination (light/dark), temperature (4/20 degrees C), atmosphere (air/air-free), and storage time (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 wk). Results showed that total xantophylls and astaxanthin were more stable in sunflower oil than in the protein system. Total xantophylls showed more stability than astaxanthin, possibly due to the presence of other, more stable carotenoids quantified together with xantophylls. Astaxanthin concentration was significantly affected by storage time; its degradation followed a first-order reaction rate under all the studied conditions. This pigment was stable only for 17 d, even when stored in air-free flasks, under refrigeration, and in the dark.


Assuntos
Resíduos Industriais/análise , Modelos Químicos , Penaeidae/química , Acetona/química , Ar , Alcanos/química , Animais , Estabilidade de Medicamentos , Proteínas do Ovo/química , Luz , Óleos de Plantas/química , Solventes/química , Óleo de Girassol , Temperatura , Fatores de Tempo , Água/química , Xantofilas/análise , Xantofilas/metabolismo
6.
Meat Sci ; 81(1): 233-7, 2009 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22063988

RESUMO

The effects of two different stunning methods on critical blood values in fattening pigs at a federal inspection slaughtering plant were monitored. A total of 658 pigs from the same genetic line and origin, were randomly assigned to 3 treatments: reference baseline levels (resting pigs; T1), stunning with CO(2) (T2) and stunned electrically (T3). Energetic profile, acid imbalance and blood gas levels, were monitored. Significant differences (p⩽0.05) between treatments for all variables were found, CO(2) stunned pigs showed hypercapnia, hypercalcemia, hyperglucemia, lactic acidemia, and an increase in haematocrit, coupled with reduced pH, [Formula: see text] , and Na; electrically stunned pigs had reduced blood pH, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] . The remaining indicators were increased in relation to the resting swine. Thus CO(2) stunning leads to a major imbalance because of mineral and acid base gaseous interchange, compared to electric stunning, thus possibly compromising animal welfare.

7.
Meat Sci ; 81(2): 410-7, 2009 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22064182

RESUMO

Herbs and spices are traditional used as food ingredients as well as for their antioxidant properties. The objective of this work was to study the concentration of carnosol, rosmarinic and carnosic acids in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and oregano leaves (Origanum vulgare L.), and their effect on the oxidation and colour of model pork batters. Extracts were obtained by maceration with ethanol and reflux with chloroform. Rosemary extracts showed higher antioxidant activity, even more than the phenol compounds separately. These extracts also showed the highest antioxidant capacity, possibly due to the presence of high concentrations of carnosic acid and carnosol and unidentified active compounds. However, ethanol oregano extracts containing high concentrations of phenols, mainly rosmarinic acid, efficiently prevented colour deterioration. The antioxidant effect of the studied extracts depends, not only on the concentration of phenol compounds (rosmarinic acid, carnosol and carnosic acid), but also on the extraction method and solvent.

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