RESUMO
Within the last decade new technologies have been developed and implemented which employ light, often in the presence of a photosensitizer, to inactivate pathogens that reside in human blood products for the purpose of transfusion. These pathogen reduction technologies attempt to find the proper balance between pathogen kill and cell quality. Each system utilizes various chemistries that not only impact which pathogens they can inactivate and how, but also how the treatments affect the plasma and cellular proteins and to what degree. This paper aims to present the various chemical mechanisms for pathogen reduction in transfusion medicine that are currently practiced or in development.
Assuntos
Furocumarinas/farmacologia , Azul de Metileno/farmacologia , Fotoferese , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/farmacologia , Riboflavina/farmacologia , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias/efeitos da radiação , Transfusão de Sangue , Furocumarinas/química , Humanos , Luz , Azul de Metileno/química , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/química , Riboflavina/química , Trypanosoma/efeitos dos fármacos , Trypanosoma/efeitos da radiação , Vírus/efeitos dos fármacos , Vírus/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
The link between a new variant form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) and the consumption of prion contaminated cattle meat as well as recent findings showing that vCJD can be transmitted by blood transfusion have raised public health concerns. Currently, a reliable test to identify prions in blood samples is not available. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility to remove scrapie prion protein (PrP(Sc)) and infectivity from red blood cell (RBC) suspensions by a simple washing procedure using a cell separation and washing device. The extent of prion removal was assessed by Western blot, PMCA and infectivity bioassays. Our results revealed a substantial removal of infectious prions (3 logs of infectivity) by all techniques used. These data suggest that a significant amount of infectivity present in RBC preparations can be removed by a simple washing procedure. This technology may lead to increased safety of blood products and reduce the risk of further propagation of prion diseases.