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1.
Obes Surg ; 34(8): 2897-2906, 2024 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39001982

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) has experienced considerable growth, addressing the challenges of obesity and its complications. The lack of a comprehensive bibliometric analysis in Latin America motivates this study, highlighting the need to understand the evolution of research in this area and its impact on clinical decision-making and health policies. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional bibliometric study was carried out using the Scopus database. A structured search strategy was designed to identify articles related to bariatric surgery with authors affiliated with Latin American countries. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, followed by a descriptive and bibliometric analysis of the scientific production found. RESULTS: A total of 3553 documents published between 1991 and 2024 were included. There was an annual growth of 11%, with an average age of documents of 7.5 years. A concentration was observed in some countries, notably Brazil, Mexico, and Chile. Although scientific output increased, the average number of citations per article showed a downward trend since 2003. DISCUSSION: Despite the growth in scientific production, the quality and relevance of research is questioned, especially given the decrease in the impact received. It highlights the lack of meaningful regional collaboration, which could limit the sharing of knowledge and resources. Questions are raised about gaps in research capacity and the economic and development implications are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides valuable information to strengthen future research in bariatric surgery in Latin America. It highlights the importance of promoting regional and international collaboration and improving research training in countries with less participation. Clinical intervention strategies can benefit from better understanding research trends and adopting evidence-based practices in a more informed manner.


Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica , Bibliometria , Cirurgia Bariátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , América Latina , Pesquisa Biomédica , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia
3.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1565505

RESUMO

Introducción: La embolización de la arteria renal es un procedimiento endovascular mínimamente invasivo, de elección para pacientes con tumores renales que no permitan la terapéutica quirúrgica habitual. Objetivo: Caracterizar a los pacientes con tumores renales tratados con embolización transarterial según tipo de intervencionismo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, con datos registrados de forma retrospectiva de 30 pacientes que recibieron procedimientos de embolización transarterial en el Servicio de Imagenología del Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico "Hermanos Ameijeiras" en el período 2019-2022. Se caracterizó la muestra según descripción de las variables de interés. Resultados: Se realizaron 31 procedimientos, pues un paciente (3,3 por ciento) tuvo afectación tumoral en ambos riñones; del resto, 9 (30 por ciento) en riñón derecho y 20 (66,7 por ciento) en el izquierdo. Se aplicaron 22 procedimientos (70,9 por ciento) de embolización transarterial prequirúrgica a igual número de pacientes (73,3 por ciento). La serie tuvo predominio masculino (63,6 por ciento), media de 54,2 años y el 45,4 por ciento de piel blanca. Los procedimientos de embolización paliativa fueron 9 (29 por ciento), en grupos de 8 pacientes (26,7 por ciento). Prevaleció en mujeres (77,8 por ciento), de piel mestiza (50 por ciento) y promedio de 74 años. El 85,7 por ciento tenía actividad metastásica. En ambos grupos hubo sangrado mínimo y tiempo quirúrgico óptimo, y no existieron complicaciones inmediatas. Conclusiones: Los pacientes embolizados, independientemente de la edad, el sexo, el color de la piel y el avance de la enfermedad, así como del tipo de indicación (prequirúrgica o paliativa), presentaron condiciones favorables durante el acto quirúrgico, que evitaron la presencia de complicaciones con éxito en los procedimientos intervencionistas(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso
4.
BMC Health Serv Res ; 23(1): 529, 2023 May 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37221537

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Febrile neutropenia associated with some chemotherapy regimens can lead to potentially fatal complications and high health care costs. Administration of pegfilgrastim using an On-Body Injector (OBI) may be more convenient for cancer patients and physicians in countries with limited access to high-complexity healthcare. This study aims to describe physician and nurse preferences regarding different options for administration of pegfilgrastim at cancer centers, the chemotherapy schemes for which pegfilgrastim is most frequently prescribed and how healthcare providers prioritize certain administration schemes according to patients' access to healthcare services. METHODS: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study and survey, conducted between 2019 and 2020, to describe physician and nurse preferences regarding options for administration of pegfilgrastim at cancer centers, the demographics of the study population and characteristics of participating cancer centers. It included 60 healthcare professionals practicing at oncology centers from 8 cities in Colombia who were contacted and surveyed via telephone. Quantitative continuous variables were summarized using central tendency and dispersion measures. RESULTS: It was found that 35% of participants are haemato-oncologists, oncologists or hematologists, 30% are general practitioners, and 35% are other healthcare professionals (i.e., nurse, oncology nurse and head nurse). Our study shows that 48% of physicians prefer the use of OBI, particularly in the scheme of 24 h after myelosuppressive chemotherapy administrations. Regardless of patient frailty and travel time to the clinic, over 90% of healthcare providers (HCPs) prefer to prioritize preventing the patient from having to return to the clinic for pegfilgrastim administration as well as to increase healthcare staff availability through the use of OBI. CONCLUSIONS: The present study is the first one in Colombia that sought the reasons behind HCPs' choice to use OBI pegfilgrastim. Our results indicate that most professionals prefer to avoid the patient having to re-enter the care center for pegfilgrastim administration to facilitate access to healthcare for patients; patient characteristics and ease of transport are determining factors for respondents when choosing an option for drug administration. We found OBI is the preferred alternative by most HCPs and a good resource optimization strategy in the context of cancer patients' health care in Colombia.


Assuntos
Instituições de Assistência Ambulatorial , Clínicos Gerais , Humanos , Colômbia , Cidades , Estudos Transversais
5.
Neurodiagn J ; 62(3): 147-155, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35981347

RESUMO

Anastomoses between the median and ulnar nerves are commonly found on electrodiagnostic studies. These anastomoses are usually asymptomatic and are not discovered until nerve injuries occur that lead to unusual motor or sensory deficits. Their presence can cause difficulties in the interpretation of electrophysiological findings for the diagnosis of neuropathies and suppose a risk of iatrogenic damage during surgical procedures. We describe a rare case of bilateral Martin Gruber and Marinacci anastomosis, associated with median and ulnar nerve injuries in the carpal tunnel and Guyon's canal, respectively. The detailed anatomical knowledge of these anastomosis allows the electromyographist to identify them correctly, facilitating the interpretation of the findings and, incidentally, preventing iatrogenic injuries.


Assuntos
Síndrome do Túnel Carpal , Anastomose Cirúrgica , Síndrome do Túnel Carpal/diagnóstico , Síndrome do Túnel Carpal/cirurgia , Humanos , Doença Iatrogênica , Nervo Mediano , Nervo Ulnar/cirurgia , Punho/cirurgia
6.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 38(2): 71-80, abr.-jun. 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1383399

RESUMO

RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN: El estado migrañoso es una complicación de la migraña, los pacientes a menudo son hospitalizados para estudios diagnósticos o tratamiento. Una alternativa para el manejo son las salas de infusión, lo que permite minimizar los ingresos hospitalarios y la realización de exámenes innecesarios. OBJETIVO: Determinar la respuesta terapéutica y los factores asociados con esta en pacientes con estado migrañoso tratados en una sala de infusión. METODOLOGÍA: estudio de cohorte retrospectiva cuya población fueron pacientes con estado migrañoso atendidos en sala de infusión entre febrero y agosto del 2019. La información sobre variables sociodemográficas, variable clínicas y el manejo terapéutico se obtuvo a partir de la revisión de historias clínicas. Se evaluó la respuesta con escala análoga del dolor al inicio y al final del tratamiento; los pacientes con mejoría mayor al 50 % se consideraron respondedores. Se evaluaron los factores predictores de la respuesta terapéutica mediante regresión logística. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 124 pacientes, con promedio de edad de 36 (DE = 12) años, de los cuales el 82,3 % fueron mujeres. La duración promedio del estado migrañoso fue 8 (DE = 4) días, el 73,4 % de los casos se presentó sin aura y 97 (78,2 %) fueron respondedores. Los factores predictores de buena respuesta fueron el uso de dexametasona (OR 4,3) y no usar lidocaína (OR 6,0). CONCLUSIONES: La mayoría de los pacientes tuvo buena respuesta, lo que sugiere que las salas de infusión constituyen una buena alternativa al manejo intrahospitalario de la migraña. En nuestra experiencia, el esteroide constituye parte fundamental del manejo del estado migrañoso una vez se ha instaurado.


ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Status migrainosus is a complication of migraine, patients are often hospitalized for diagnostic studies and/or treatment. An alternative for the management, are the outpatient infusion center, minimizing hospital admissions and unnecessary examinations. OBJECTIVE: To determine the therapeutic response and associated factors in patients with migraine status treated in an infusion room. METHODOLOGY: Retrospective cohort study whose population was migraine patients attended in an infusion room between February and August 2019. Information on sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic management variables was obtained from the review of medical records. The response was evaluated with an analogous pain scale at the beginning and at the end of the treatment; Those patients with improvement greater than 50 % were considered responders. Predictive factors of therapeutic response were evaluated using logistic regression. RESULTS: 124 patients were included, with an average age of 36 (SD = 12 years), 82.3 % were women. The average duration of the migraine state was 8 (SD = 4 days), 73.4 % of the cases were without aura and 97 (78.2 %) were responders. The predictors of good response were the use of dexamethasone (OR: 4.3) and not using lidocaine (OR: 6.0). CONCLUSIONS: Most of the patients had a good response, which identified the outpatient infusion center as a good alternative to inpatient treatment of headache. In our experience, the steroid constitutes a fundamental part of the management of the status migrainosus once it has been established.


Assuntos
Prognóstico , Infusões Intravenosas , Enxaqueca sem Aura , Estudos de Coortes , Transtornos de Enxaqueca
7.
Acta biol. colomb ; 26(1): 54-61, ene.-abr. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152668

RESUMO

RESUMEN Se estudió la biología reproductiva del Bocachico, Prochilodus magdalenae, en el río San Jorge, Colombia. La especie es un pez con proporción sexual hembra: macho de 1,2:1, diferente a lo esperado. Presenta desarrollo ovocitario sincrónico en dos grupos, un desove anual que se extiende de abril a septiembre asociado al ciclo hidrológico del río San Jorge, talla media de madurez sexual estimada en 30,2 cm LT, ovocitos grandes de 950 μm y fecundidad promedio de 109 972 ovocitos, cuya ecuación fue F =7271,6 WO0,60, r =0,93, n =14.


ABSTRACT The reproductive biology of the Bocachico, Prochilodus magdalenae, in the San Jorge River, Colombia, was studied. The species is a fish with sexual proportion female: male of 1.2:1, different than expected. It presents synchronous ovocitary development in two groups, an annual spawning that extends from April to September associated to the hydrological cycle of the San Jorge River, length at first maturity estimated in 30.2 cm TL, large oocytes of 950 μm, and average fecundity of 109 972 oocytes, whose equation was F = 7271,6 OW0,60, r = 0,93, n = 14.

8.
BMC Med Genomics ; 12(1): 110, 2019 07 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31324178

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Copy Number variation (CNVs) in genes related to drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) are relevant in the interindividual variability of drug response. Studies of the CNVs in ADME genes in Latin America population are lacking. The objective of the study was to identify the genetic variability of CNVs in CYP-450 and GST genes in a subgroup of individuals of Colombian origin. METHODS: Genomic DNA was isolated from 123 healthy individuals from a Colombian population. Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) was performed for the identification of CNVs in 40 genomic regions of 11 CYP-450 and 3 GST genes. The genetic variability, allelic and genotypic frequencies were analyzed. RESULTS: We found that 13 out of 14 genes had CNVs: 5 (35.7%) exhibited deletions and duplications, while 8 (57.1%) presented either deletions or duplications.. 33.3% of individuals carried deletions and duplications while 49.6% had a unique type of CNV (deletion or duplication). The allelic frequencies of the CYP and GST genes were 0 to 47.6% (allele null), 0 to 17.5% (duplicated alleles) and 37 to 100% (normal alleles). CONCLUSIONS: Our results describe, for the first time, the genomic profile of CNVs in a subgroup of Colombian population in GST and CYP-450 genes. GST genes indicated greater genetic variability than CYP-450 genes. The data obtained contributes to the knowledge of genetic profiles in Latin American subgroups. Although the clinical relevance of CNVs has not been fully established, it is a valuable source of pharmacogenetic variability data with potential involvement in the response to medications.


Assuntos
Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450/genética , Variações do Número de Cópias de DNA , Glutationa Transferase/genética , Farmacogenética , Colômbia , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Humanos
9.
Rev. cient. odontol ; 7(1): 66-77, ene.-jun. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-1005864

RESUMO

Objetivo: Evaluar la remineralización de lesiones de manchas blancas en el esmalte de premolares humanos a través de la fluorescencia láser utilizando el barniz de flúor al 5% (Duraphat®), la nanohidroxiapatita (Nano P®), y la combinación de ambos agentes, a los 30 días de su aplicación. Método: La muestra estuvo conformada por 40 premolares y dividida en 4 grupos, (1) control (sin agente): saliva artificial, (2) barniz de flúor al 5% (Duraphat®), (3) nanohidroxiapatita (Nano P®), (4) y una combinación de ambos agentes remineralizantes (nanohidroxiapatita - Nano P® y barniz de flúor al 5% - Duraphat®). Se analizaron los datos mediante la prueba de Anova de una vía y test de Bonferroni. Se trabajó con un nivel de significancia p < 0,05. Resultados: La aplicación del barniz de flúor al 5% (Duraphat®) y la nanohidroxiapatita (Nano P®), seguido del barniz de flúor al 5% (Duraphat®) usado individual-mente, mostraron clínicamente valores mayores de remineralización comparado con el grupo control. No se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa, al comparar la remineralización de lesiones de manchas blancas medidas a través de fluorescencia láser utilizando dos agentes remineralizantes, el barniz de flúor al 5% (Duraphat®), la nanohidroxiapatita (Nano P®) y una combinación de ambos agentes a los 30 días de su aplicación. Conclusión: La combinación del barniz de flúor al 5% (Duraphat®) y la nano-hidroxiapatita (Nano P®), y barniz de flúor al 5% (Duraphat®) usado individualmente, mostraron clínicamente un incremento en la remineralización de las lesiones de manchas blancas a los 30 días de aplicación. (AU)


Objective: Evaluate the remineralization of white spot lesions on human premolar enamel by laser induced fluorescence following the use of a 5% fluoride varnish (Duraphat®), nanohydroxyapatite (Nano P®), and the combination of both agents 30 days after application. Method: The sample consisted of 40 premolars divided into 4 groups, (1) control (without agent): artificial saliva, (2) 5% fluoride varnish (Duraphat®), (3) nanohydroxyapatite (Nano P ®), (4) and a combination of both remineralizing agents (nanohydroxyapatite - Nano P® and 5% fluoride varnish - Duraphat®). The data were analyzed using the oneway ANOVA and Bonferroni tests. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Compared to the control group the highest remineralization values were obtained after the application of the 5% fluoride varnish (Duraphat®) and the nanohydroxyapatite (Nano P®), followed by the 5% fluoride varnish (Duraphat®) used individually. Conclusion: The combination of the 5% fluoride varnish (Duraphat®) and the nanohydroxyapatite (Nano P®), and the 5% fluoride varnish (Duraphat®) used individually improved remineralization of white spot lesions at 30 days. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Remineralização Dentária , Fluoretos Tópicos , Fluorescência , Hidroxiapatitas
10.
Odontol. pediatr. (Lima) ; 18(1): 4-11, 20190000.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362836

RESUMO

La caries dental es originada por interacciones complejas que provocan la desmineralización del tejido dental, debido a la presencia de ácidos que son producidos por las bacterias cariogénicas. El dolor y la infección causada por la caries dental genera deterioro funcional y disminución de la calidad de vida. La caries es considerada un problema de salud de alcance mundial que afecta entre el 60% y el 90% de la población escolar con una mayor prevalencia en niños de grupos socioeconómicos bajos. El alto consumo de azúcares libres ha sido implicado en el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, incluyendo la obesidad, las enfermedades cardiovasculares, la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y la caries dental. Es por tal motivo que la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en el año 2015 recomendó reducir la ingesta de azúcares libres a menos del 10% de la ingesta total de energía y preferiblemente por debajo del 5%, tanto en adultos como en niños. Por consiguiente, una orientación temprana a los padres en la consulta odontológica sobre el consumo de azúcares libres tendría el potencial de beneficiar tanto a la salud oral como a la salud general. El propósito del presente artículo es revisar la bibliografía actual relacionada con el consumo de azúcar y la caries dental.

11.
Curr Protein Pept Sci ; 19(11): 1058-1070, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29852868

RESUMO

Celiac disease (CD) is an inflammatory syndrome that affects mainly the intestine, but also other organs. This ailment is also affected by the physicochemical behavior of gluten as such. From the medical standpoint, this pathology results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. At the same time, gliadin (the alcohol-soluble fraction of gluten) along with other related oligomers, such as 33-gliadin, present high immunogenicity and are responsible for triggering of this disease. Within CD characterization, there are mainly two different approaches to carry out this study; one focuses on its chronic phase, while the other deals with its initial stages. Although the chronic phase of CD has been well characterized, the initiation of the inflammatory process is still unclear. As this process is apparently related to the aggregation of the oligomers involved in CD, the initiation of the disease could be explained by means of clarifying their self-assembly behavior. Thus, this work addresses the clinical explanation, within the chronic approach, attempting to combine it with the physicochemical techniques used for characterization of proteins aggregates as well.


Assuntos
Doença Celíaca/metabolismo , Doença Celíaca/terapia , Doença Celíaca/diagnóstico , Doença Celíaca/imunologia , Doença Crônica , Gliadina/química , Gliadina/imunologia , Gliadina/metabolismo , Glutens/química , Glutens/metabolismo , Humanos , Inflamação/metabolismo , Agregados Proteicos , Dobramento de Proteína , Multimerização Proteica
12.
Odontol. pediatr. (Lima) ; 17(1): 61-69, 2018.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1363902

RESUMO

Las lámparas de fotocurado son utilizadas diariamente en varias aplicaciones dentro de la odontología moderna. Las modalidades de fotocurado han cambiado mucho en los últimos 30 años con el desarrollo de diferentes tipos de fuentes de polimerización como la lámpara halógena, la lámpara de arco de plasma, la lámpara laser y la lámpara de luz emitida por diodos; sin embargo, los ojos de los operadores de las lámparas corren el riesgo de sufrir daños oculares acumulativos, principalmente debido a la reflexión de la luz azul. Es por tal motivo, que el objetivo de este artículo es revisar la bibliografía actual sobre los conceptos de la longitud de onda en las lámparas de fotocurado durante los tratamientos dentales y los posibles riesgos para la salud, con énfasis en el daño ocular. Así como, proponer una guía para el uso adecuado de la luz de fotocurado y reducir el daño a la salud en particular el daño ocular.

13.
Rev. cient. odontol ; 5(2): 733-743, jul.-dic. 2017. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-999133

RESUMO

Objetivo: La lactancia materna ha sido la principal fuente de alimentación desde el nacimiento del ser humano, siendo recomendada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud como alimento exclusivo durante los seis primeros meses de vida; sin embargo, por diversas causas se ha ido reemplazando por fórmulas lácteas u otros tipos de leche artificial, al cual se le ha denominado lactancia no materna. Este tipo de alimentación se da principalmente a través del uso del biberón proporcionando ventajas y desventajas tanto a los padres como al infante. El uso de estas fórmulas lácteas es de acuerdo a la etapa de vida en la que se encuentra el infante y debe ser orientado por un profesional; por otro lado, si este tipo de alimentación no es acompañada con la adecuada higiene oral, se prolonga y se da con mucha frecuencia, se convierte en un factor predisponente a la aparición de caries de infancia temprana, hábitos nocivos, etc. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente artículo de revisión es proporcionar información actualizada sobre la lactancia no materna y sus implicancias a nivel de la cavidad bucal. (AU)


Objective: Breastfeeding has been the main source of food since the birth of the human being, being recommended by the World Health Organization as exclusive food during the first six months of life; However, for various reasons it has been replaced by milk formulas or other types of artificial milk, which has been called non-breastfeeding. This type of feeding occurs mainly through the use of the bottle providing advantages and disadvantages to both the parents and the infant. The use of these milk formulas is according to the stage of life in which the infant is and should be guided by a professional; On the other hand, if this type of diet is not accompanied by adequate oral hygiene, it is prolonged and occurs very frequently, it becomes a predisposing factor to the appearance of early childhood caries, harmful habits, etc.Therefore, the objective of this review article is to provide with updated information on non-breastfeeding and its implications at the level of the oral cavity. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Lactação , Cárie Dentária , Mamadeiras , Lactente , Má Oclusão
14.
Rev. crim ; 58(1): 25-45, ene.-abr. 2016. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-791355

RESUMO

Se busca encontrar patrones espaciales de agrupación de la criminalidad entre jóvenes y población total en Medellín, Colombia, durante el período comprendido entre octubre del 2013 y noviembre del 2014. Para esto se creó una malla hexagonal de ciudad y buscamos clústeres de agrupamiento entre trece variables delictuales. Para encontrar los clústeres usamos las técnicas de substractive clustering y fuzzy c-means clustering. Al correr los clústeres encontramos microcorredores territoriales donde la criminalidad alta se consolida durante varios períodos de tiempo y patrones temporales que muestran cómo algunas zonas de alta criminalidad se van formando de modo gradual. Adicionalmente, se buscaron patrones espaciales de criminalidad entre jóvenes, y se encontró que este grupo etario suele presentar mayor variabilidad en la dinámica criminal y territorios de injerencia más pequeños que el resto de la población.


Our aim is to find clusters of spatial patterns of criminality among young people and the total population in Medellin, Colombia, within the period between October 2013 and November 2014. For this purpose, a hexagonal city network was created and we looked for groupings into clusters among thirteen tort/delict variables. In order to find the clusters, we used the subtractive clustering and fuzzy c-means clustering. When running them, we found territorial microcorridors where high criminality is consolidated during several periods of time and temporal patterns showing how some high criminality zones are being gradually shaped. Additionally, spatial patterns of criminality were sought among youths, and it was found that, usually, this age group tends to exhibit higher variability in criminal dynamics and meddling territories smaller than the rest of the population.


Procura-se encontrar padrões especiais de agrupação da criminalidade entre jovens e a população total em Medellín, Colômbia, durante o período entre outubro de 2013 e novembro de 2014. Para isso, uma malha hexagonal da cidade foi criada e nós procuramos clusteres entre treze variáveis criminosas A fim de encontrar clusteres nós usamos as técnicas de clustering suustractivo e fuzzy c-means clusting. Quando executar os clusteres nós encontramos microbrokers territoriais onde o criminalidade alta é consolidada durante diversos períodos de tempo e padrões temporários que mostram como algumas zonas de alta criminalidade formam-se gradualmente. Adicionalmente, padrões espaciais de criminalidade entre jovens foram procurados, e achou-se que este grupo etário costuma apresentar maior variabilidade na dinâmica criminosa e territórios da ingerência menores do que o resto da população.


Assuntos
Sistemas de Informação Geográfica , Crime , População , Estatística
15.
Neurosci Lett ; 595: 18-24, 2015 May 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25841791

RESUMO

Administration of the alkylating agent carmustine to pregnant mice induces hyperlocomotion in the offspring. Motor performance was evaluated by the rotarod task, which revealed that these animals have diminished Grab Frequency and a higher Performance Index, whereas Error of Latency and Latency to Fall were unaffected. Considering the recently revealed role of Bergmann cells of cerebellum in the control of motor activity, we used the transgenic mice GFAP-GFP to explore the impact of carmustine on the organization of these glial cells. Multiple examples of cell layer disorganization were detected; many soma of Bergmann cells were displaced to the external cell layer, and their processes were not well defined until young adulthood. In addition, the roof of the fourth ventricle was convoluted. These observations suggest that the exacerbated locomotion induced by carmustine may be due, in part, to the altered organization of the cell layers of cerebellum.


Assuntos
Alquilantes , Carmustina , Cerebelo/anormalidades , Malformações do Desenvolvimento Cortical/patologia , Animais , Cerebelo/patologia , Feminino , Malformações do Desenvolvimento Cortical/psicologia , Exposição Materna , Camundongos Transgênicos , Atividade Motora , Gravidez
16.
Rev. chil. neuropsicol. (En línea) ; 9(2,n.esp): 72-79, jun.2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-783445

RESUMO

El presente estudio es acerca del análisis neuropsicológico y neurofisiológico a partir del trabajo de evaluación e intervención neuropsicológica, en el caso de una niña de edad preescolar con características de espectro autista. La niña fue evaluada por presentar retraso en el desarrollo y ausencia del lenguaje. El diagnóstico de la evaluación neuropsicológica y psicológica permitió precisar los aspectos fuertes y débiles del desarrollo psicológico de la niña y precisar las estrategias de intervención. El programa de intervención fue elaborado de acuerdo a la consideración de la edad psicológica e incluyó varias etapas de introducción y formación de la actividad lúdica con apoyos simbólicos y verbales. Se realizaron estudios neuropsicológicos y electrofisiológico de seguimiento. Los resultados permitieron observar cambios favorables en la actividad de la niña a partir del proceso de corrección neuropsicológica, permitiendo acceso a las actividades escolares y la comunicación social. Se discute que a pesar de presencia de diagnósticos desfavorables en la edad infantil con indicaciones del daño cerebral, la corrección neuropsicológica es un instrumento poderoso para superación de dificultades y desarrollo progresivo en las edades infantiles...


The following study is related to the neuropsychological and neurophysiological analysis from a neuropsychological assessment and intervention of a preschool girl with autism spectrum characteristics. The girl was evaluated due to severe developmental disorders and absence of oral expression. Neuropsychological and psychological diagnosis allowed to determine strong and weak development aspects and to establish strategies for intervention. The intervention program was conducted according to consideration of psychological age of the girl and included diverse stages of game activities with symbolic and verbal means. The result showed improvement in the girl’s activity such as the possibility to take part in school learning and in social communication. We discuss that even in cases of severe diagnosis and probability of brain injury, neuropsychological intervention can play an important role and be powerful instrument for overcoming of developmental difficulties and serve for progressive development in childhood...


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Eletroencefalografia , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Transtorno Autístico/diagnóstico , Transtorno Autístico/fisiopatologia , Transtorno Autístico/reabilitação
17.
Neurosci Lett ; 532: 23-8, 2013 Jan 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23123780

RESUMO

The Calyx of Held (CoH) synapse is the largest synapse in mammals. It is located in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) and forms part of the auditory pathway. Modest GABAergic signaling is present in the CoH before hearing onset, when glutamatergic transmission predominates. In mice, after postnatal day 12, the absolute strength of glycinergic transmission increases markedly, while GABAergic signaling remains constant. The persistent GABAergic transmission in the MNTB is mediated by a slowly desensitizing component. In this study we recorded GABA-mediated responses from postsynaptic principal neurons (PPNs) of the MNTB and found that they are sensitive to TPMPA, suggesting the involvement of GABAρ subunits. RT-PCR and immunohistofluorescence in the MNTB confirmed GABAρ expression in PPNs. Interestingly, GABAρ3 was present only before hearing onset, and there was a switch to GABAρ1 and GABAρ2 expression in adult animals.


Assuntos
Vias Auditivas/metabolismo , Tronco Encefálico/metabolismo , Receptores de GABA-A/metabolismo , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Vias Auditivas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Tronco Encefálico/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Técnicas In Vitro , Camundongos , Neurônios/metabolismo , Técnicas de Patch-Clamp , Subunidades Proteicas/metabolismo , Sinapses/metabolismo
18.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 22(5): 329-34, 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19227940

RESUMO

CASE REPORTS: Case 1: We present a 5 year-old female patient with ligament laxity who started on August 1992 at 4 years of age when doing voluntary medial rotation and adduction of the hip, she presents with a posterior dislocation of the hip joint and voluntary reduction, with no more clinical data. Later on she realizes voluntary dislocation of the hip from three to five times a week, without pain or any clinical findings. She was evaluated by the Genetics Department who isn't able to integrate a syndrome. X-ray findings on the AP view show a right hip with a posterior dislocation, and a normal left hip. Case 2: We present a 7 year-old male patient who started on August 2001 when he suffered a fall from his own height over his right side, and presented an asymptomatic anterior dislocation of the right hip. From this moment on he presented multiple events of involuntary dislocation of the right hip. X-ray findings on the AP view show an anterior dislocation of the right hip. A Ponseti cast was used over night and the patients were educated to not dislocate the hip. They received yearly follow up until August 2004, with no more dislocations of the hip joint. The conservative treatment plan was effective as a definite treatment.


Assuntos
Luxação do Quadril , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Luxação do Quadril/etiologia , Luxação do Quadril/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Recidiva
19.
CES odontol ; 17(2): 45-50, jul.-dic. 2004. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-467237

RESUMO

El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar la capacidad de sellado del Pro-Root (MTA), condensado en forma manual o ultrasónica, luego de realizar la retropreparación apical con ultrasonido o microcontraángulo. Se tomaron 50 dientes extraídos de humanos los cuales se decoronaron; los conductos radiculares fueron preparados con técnica crow-down y obturados con técnica de condensación lateral y vertical. Después de la resección apical, los dientes se dividieron en 2 grupos: Grupo A: 20 dientes preparados apicalmente con ultrasonido y obturados retrógradamente con ProRoot subdividido en: A1, 10 dientes condensados con instrumento manual: A2, 10 dientes condesados con ultrasonido. El grupo B compuesto por 20 dientes preparados apicalmente con microcontraángulo y obturados retrógradamente con ProRoot se subdividió en B1:10 dientes condensados con instrumento manual; B2: dientes condensados con ultrasonidos. Los especimenes fueron sumergidos en cloruro de potasio al 1 por ciento durante 30 días para evaluar la Microfiltración con test electroquímico. La comparación entre los grupos no mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas hasta los 20 días. A los 25 y 30 días los Grupos B1 y B2 mostraron significativamente mayor Microfiltración que los otros grupos. Se observó mayor Microfiltración en los dientes preparados apicalmente con microcontrángulo y condensados en forma manual y ultrasónicamente...


Assuntos
Endodontia , Selantes de Fossas e Fissuras , Odontologia , Micropeneiramento , Ultrassom
20.
Investig. psicol ; 8(1): 145-171, 2003. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-730921

RESUMO

El estrés entre las enfermeras ha sido estudiado por diversos autores, muchos de los cuales tratan el burnout como un efecto importante del mismo. Este trabajo, que incluye una importante revisión bibliográfica del tema, parte de la hipótesis de la importancia del contexto en la determinación de los fenómenos psicológicos y plantea el estudio de los estresores específicos de este ámbito laboral, tal como son percibidos por el sujeto. Las entrevistas con un grupo de enfermeras/os permitieron obtener la lista de estresores específicos para nuestro medio socio-cultural. y elaborar el IMPAL- E (Inventario del Malestar Percibido en el Ambiente Laboral- Enfermería). Se incluyeron las siguientes dimensiones: medio ambiente físico de trabajo, factores propios de la tarea, organización del tiempo de trabajo, aspectos institucionales y aspectos personales. Este instrumento, junto con un cuestionario de datos socio-demográficos y otras pruebas psicológicas, fue administrado a una muestra de 31 enfermeras/os. Se concluye que a pesar del malestar experimentado por estos trabajadores en las diferentes áreas, la mayoría se declara satisfecho con su trabajo. Un hecho preocupante es la combinación entre alta tensión psicológica y bajos recursos personales, lo que implica que estos profesionales no cuentan con medios personales, familiares y/o sociales, con los que hacer frente a las tensiones generadas en su medio laboral.


Assuntos
Humanos , Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Enfermagem , Trabalho/psicologia , Entrevista Psicológica , Testes Psicológicos
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