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AIMS: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of naringin 100mg/kg in combination with pravastatin 10mg/kg by gavage for 6weeks compared with monotherapy over lipid profiles, glucose levels and weight in murine model of obesity. MAIN METHODS: The study design was planned with 5 groups of 6 male Wistar Albina rats: Group 1: control with balanced food and vehicle (C-); Group 2: control with Obesity and vehicle (C+); Group 3: Obesity+naringin (N); Group 4: Obesity+pravastatin (P); Group 5: Obesity+pravastatin+naringin (NP). Obesity was developed with a food model. KEY FINDINGS: The naringin groups showed a decrease in weight gain and low glucose values compared to the control group (weight NP:311.4 vs C+:348.6; glucose NP: 173.12 vs C+:235.56) (p<0.05); the group with naringin+pravastatin combination showed the total cholesterol (TC), LDL and triglycerides (TGs) to normal levels (TC NP:51.6 vs C+:83.4; LDL NP:9.32 vs C+:32.32; TGs NP:39.4 vs C+:89.4) (p<0.05); but was not statistically significant compared with monotherapy. SIGNIFICANCE: The combination of naringin and pravastatin did not appear to be better than monotherapy on lipids, but its use could generate euglycemic and antiobesogenic effects, in addition to diminishing the adverse hepatic effects of pravastatin in rats.

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Nicotinic acid, N-methylpyridinium ion, and trigonelline are well studied nutritional biomarkers present in coffee, and they are indicators of thermal decomposition during roasting. However, no method is yet available for their simultaneous determination. This paper describes a rapid and validated HPLC-diode array detector method for the simultaneous quantitation of caffeine, trigonelline, nicotinic acid, N-methylpyridinium ion, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural that is applicable to three coffee matrixes: green, roasted, and instant. Baseline separation among all compounds was achieved in 30 min using a phenyl-hexyl RP column (250×4.6 mm, 5 µm particle size), 0.3% aqueous formic buffer (pH 2.4)-methanol mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and a column temperature at 30°C. The method showed good linear correlation (r2>0.9985), precision (less than 3.9%), sensitivity (LOD=0.023-0.237 µg/mL; LOQ=0.069-0.711 µg/mL), and recovery (84-102%) for all compounds. This simplified method is amenable for a more complete routine evaluation of coffee in industry.

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Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre mortalidad en cirugía de cardiopatías congénitas del adulto y los factores relacionados con el paciente y la intervención. Método: Estudio descriptivo de intervenciones por cirujanos con actividad habitual en cardiopatías congénitas (238), cardiopatías adquiridas (117) y residentes (108). Se evaluó la asociación de la mortalidad con el riesgo y complejidad quirúrgica, actividad habitual del cirujano, y tiempo de circulación extracorpórea y de pinzamiento aórtico, mediante modelos de regresión logística. Resultados: Se incluyeron 463 cirugías (442 con circulación extracorpórea) entre 1991 y 2012. Edad mediana de intervención: 34 años (52.8% mujeres); primera cirugía 295, reintervención 168. La puntuación mediana del Aristóteles fue 6.8, con complejidad significativamente mayor tras reestructurarse la Unidad en 2001. La mortalidad hospitalaria total fue del 3.9%. La mortalidad se asoció significativamente al número de intervenciones previas (OR: 5.02; IC 95%: 1.44-17.52), intervenciones por cirujanos de cardiopatía adquirida (OR: 3.53; IC 95%: 1.14-10.98), Aristóteles alto (OR: 1,64; IC 95%: 1.18-2.29), y tiempos prolongados de extracorpórea (OR: 1.13; IC 95%: 1.07-1.19). Conclusiones: La mortalidad en cirugía de cardiopatía congénita en adultos es baja. Las intervenciones de alta complejidad, tiempos elevados de extracorpórea y múltiples reintervenciones se asocian con mayor mortalidad. La participación de cirujanos especialistas en cardiopatías congénitas se asocia con mejores resultados.

Objective: To assess the association between mortality in surgery of congenital heart disease in adults, and factors related to patients and operations. Method: Descriptive study of operations performed by specialized surgeons in congenital heart surgery (238), adult acquired surgery (117), and specialty residents (108). The association of mortality with surgical risk and complexity, specialization of surgeon, cardiopulmonary by-pass and aortic cross clamping was assessed fitting logistic regression models. Results: A total of 463 operations were included (442 with cardiopulmonary by-pass) in the study performed between 1991 and 2012. Median age at surgery: 34; 52.8% were women. First surgery: 295, reoperation: 168. Median score of Aristotle was 6.8, with significantly higher complexity since 2001, after restructuring the Unit. Overall hospital mortality was 3.9%. Mortality was significantly associated to number of previous surgeries (OR: 5.02; 95%CI: 1.44-17.52), operations by acquired heart disease surgeons (OR: 3.53; 95%CI: 1.14-10.98), higher Aristotle (OR: 1,64; 95%CI: 1.18-2.29), and high cardiopulmonary by-pass time (OR: 1.13; 95%CI: 1.07-1.19). Conclusions: Surgery of congenital heart disease in adults has been performed with low mortality. High complexity interventions, prolonged cardiopulmonary by-pass times and multiple reoperations were associated to higher mortality. Participation of cardiac surgeons specialized in congenital heart disease is associated with better outcomes.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between mortality in surgery of congenital heart disease in adults, and factors related to patients and operations. METHOD: Descriptive study of operations performed by specialized surgeons in congenital heart surgery (238), adult acquired surgery (117), and specialty residents (108). The association of mortality with surgical risk and complexity, specialization of surgeon, cardiopulmonary by-pass and aortic cross clamping was assessed fitting logistic regression models. RESULTS: A total of 463 operations were included (442 with cardiopulmonary by-pass) in the study performed between 1991 and 2012. Median age at surgery: 34; 52.8% were women. First surgery: 295, reoperation: 168. Median score of Aristotle was 6.8, with significantly higher complexity since 2001, after restructuring the Unit. Overall hospital mortality was 3.9%. Mortality was significantly associated to number of previous surgeries (OR: 5.02; 95%CI: 1.44-17.52), operations by acquired heart disease surgeons (OR: 3.53; 95%CI: 1.14-10.98), higher Aristotle (OR: 1,64; 95%CI: 1.18-2.29), and high cardiopulmonary by-pass time (OR: 1.13; 95%CI: 1.07-1.19). CONCLUSIONS: Surgery of congenital heart disease in adults has been performed with low mortality. High complexity interventions, prolonged cardiopulmonary by-pass times and multiple reoperations were associated to higher mortality. Participation of cardiac surgeons specialized in congenital heart disease is associated with better outcomes.

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This study provides the first chemical investigation of wild-harvested fruits of Vanilla pompona ssp. grandiflora (Lindl.) Soto-Arenas developed in their natural habitat in the Peruvian Amazon. Flowers were hand-pollinated and the resulting fruits were analysed at different developmental stages using an HPLC-DAD method validated for the quantification of glucovanillin and seven other compounds. The method showed satisfactory linearity (r(2)>0.9969), precision (coefficient of variation <2%), recoveries (70-100%), limit of detection (0.008-0.212 µg/ml), and limit of quantification (0.027-0.707 µg/ml). The evaluation of crude and enzyme-hydrolyzed Soxhlet-extracted samples confirmed the leading role of glucosides in fruit development. LC-ESI-MS studies corroborated the identities of four glucosides and seven aglycones, among them vanillin (5.7/100 g), 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (3.6/100 g), and anisyl alcohol (7.1/100 g) were found in high concentrations. The attractive flavor/aroma profile exhibited by wild V. pompona fruits supports studies focused on the development of this species as a specialty crop.

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Con el objetivo de desarrollar una guía para la preservación y conservación de los fondos de la Biblioteca Médica Nacional de Cuba, se establecen una serie de lineamientos para el tratamiento de las diferentes clases de colecciones y documentos. Se tratan los factores externos -temperatura, humedad, luz, polvo, agentes biológicos y otros, cuya acción ejerce una mayor influencia negativa sobre la conservación de los fondos en una institución, así como la seguridad de las colecciones ante el agua, el fuego, las guerras y los fenómenos naturales. Finalmente, se abordan las diferentes técnicas para el rescate de colecciones dañadas

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