RESUMO
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are food-processing contaminants considered to be carcinogenic and genotoxic. Due to its drying process stage, teas may be contaminated with PAHs. The aim of the study was to validate an analytical method involving QuEChERS and HPLC-FLD for the determination of PAH4 in teas and evaluate the contamination levels in 10 different types of teas from Brazil. Recoveries varied from 54% to 99% and relative standard deviations from 1% to 21%. Limits of detection and quantification were from 0.03 to 0.3 µg/kg and 0.1 to 0.5 µg/kg, respectively. Mate tea presented the highest PAH levels, with PAH4 varying from 194 to 1795 µg/kg; followed by black (1.8-186 µg/kg), white (24-119 µg/kg), and green teas (3.1-92 µg/kg). Teas with lowest PAH4 were strawberry, lemongrass, peppermint, and boldo. Only trace levels of PAHs were detected in tea infusions, so apparently it would not affect PAH intake by Brazilian population.
Assuntos
Carcinógenos Ambientais/análise , Contaminação de Alimentos , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/análise , Chá/química , Chás de Ervas/análise , Métodos Analíticos de Preparação de Amostras , Benzo(a)Antracenos/análise , Benzo(a)Antracenos/isolamento & purificação , Benzo(a)pireno/análise , Benzo(a)pireno/isolamento & purificação , Brasil , Carcinógenos Ambientais/isolamento & purificação , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Crisenos/análise , Crisenos/isolamento & purificação , Fluorenos/análise , Fluorenos/isolamento & purificação , Manipulação de Alimentos , Inspeção de Alimentos/métodos , Ilex paraguariensis/química , Limite de Detecção , Oxirredução , Folhas de Planta/química , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/isolamento & purificação , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Espectrometria de Fluorescência , Chá/economia , Chás de Ervas/economiaRESUMO
A total of 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were surveyed in dry whole soybeans (Glycine max L.) sold for human consumption. The analysed samples were commercialised in vegetarian shops and food stores in Southern Brazil regions. The determination of PAHs levels was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)with fluorescence detection. PAHs were present in 89.7% of the samples. Chrysene (Chy) and 5 methyl chrysene (5MeChy) were the main PAHs detected (76.9% and 71.8%, respectively) followed by dibenzo(ai)pyrene (DaiP), however in a much less percentage of samples (23.1%). Apart from those PAHs, also benzo(a)antracene (BaA), benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF), benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF) and benzo(a)pyrene(BaP) were found. The ΣPAH levels in the positive samples ranged from 0.80 to 38.78 µg kg-1, with exception of one sample that reached 204.46 µg kg-1 (ΣPAHs of six compounds). Despite the present contamination there are no maximum limits set for PAHs in soybeans.