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Abstract Hemodialysis central venous catheter (CVC) insertion can be complicated in patients with anomalous vessel anatomy. In such cases detailed knowledge of thoracic vessel anatomy is necessary to identify the exact location of the catheter. Central venous placement under ultrasound control has significantly reduced the complications associated with blind puncture and allows an appropriate puncture of the desired vessel, but the CVC can still get misplaced if it follows an anomalous route. Herein, we report a case of dialysis catheter placed into a left sided superior vena cava, only diagnosed after CT scan study.
Resumo A inserção do cateter venoso central (CVC) para hemodiálise pode ser complicada em pacientes com anatomia anômala dos vasos. Nesses casos, o conhecimento detalhado da anatomia do vaso torácico é necessário para identificar a localização exata do cateter. A colocação venosa central sob controle de ultrassom tem reduzido significativamente as complicações associadas à punção às cegas e permite uma punção apropriada do vaso desejado, mas o CVC ainda pode ficar mal posicionado se seguir uma rota anômala. Aqui, relatamos um caso de cateter de diálise colocado em uma veia cava superior esquerda, apenas diagnosticado após estudo de tomografia computadorizada.
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Circular economy, and concerns about environmental waste, is fostering the development of sustainable alternative products in a range of industries. In the dermo-cosmetic field, the market for sustainable anti-aging skincare products has increasingly grown over the last years. The innovation of this work was to develop chitosan films incorporating lemongrass essential oil (LEO) that could potentially be applied as a green cosmetic skin treatment due to their anti-oxidant and antimicrobial properties, using renewable and biodegradable materials. Different concentrations of LEO (i.e., 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 % w/w) were formulated into chitosan filmogenic matrices, forming skincare bioactive films. Their antioxidant properties and water vapor permeability were strongly governed by the LEO concentration. Chitosan bioactive films containing 0.5 % LEO showed cellular viability over 70 %, while those with 1.5 % LEO had similar antioxidant capacity as NAC (N-acetyl-L-cysteine), used as the positive control to inactivate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HaCat cells not treated with H2O2. The developed bioactive films showed activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Our LEO-loaded chitosan biofilms may be used as sheet masks with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties for skincare, with high flexibility and selected permeability, and without cytotoxic risks.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Quitosana , Cymbopogon , Óleos Voláteis , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologiaRESUMO
Abstract: Erector spinae plane block is an ultrasound-guided technique who has seen a growing role as a perioperative analgesic technique due to its safety profile and versatility. We describe a case of an elderly female with a history of ischemic heart disease and atrial fibrillation, who underwent segmental colectomy by left subcostal laparotomy under general anesthesia, for removal of a colon tumor. An erector spinae plane catheter was placed at the T7 level under ultrasound guidance, and then used for postoperative analgesia. Ropivacaine 0.2% (initial bolus + infusion at 8 mL/h) was used through the catheter, together with intravenous paracetamol and metamizol. This analgesic regimen was maintained for 72 hours, with excellent pain control, after which the catheter was removed. The patient's pain remained controlled and rescue analgesia was not required until her discharge at seven days postoperative. Continuous ESP block was an effective technique for postoperative analgesia in this case, allowing excellent pain control with a low risk of complications and avoiding the use of opioids.
Resumen: El bloqueo del plano del músculo erector espinal es una técnica ecoguiada que ha ganado popularidad como técnica analgésica perioperatoria debido a su perfil de seguridad y versatilidad. Se describe el caso de una anciana con cardiopatía isquémica y fibrilación auricular, a la que se le realizó colectomía segmentaria mediante laparotomía subcostal izquierda bajo anestesia general, para la escisión de un tumor de colon. Se colocó un catéter en el plano del músculo erector espinal al nivel T7 bajo guía ultrasónica y luego se utilizó para analgesia postoperatoria (ropivacaína 0.2% bolo + infusión a 8 mL/h) junto con paracetamol intravenoso y metamizol. Este régimen analgésico se mantuvo durante 72 horas, con excelente control del dolor, tras lo cual se retiró el catéter. La paciente permaneció con adecuada analgesia sin opioides de rescate hasta su alta a los siete días del postoperatorio. El bloqueo del plano del erector espinal torácico continuo fue una técnica eficaz para la analgesia postoperatoria en cirugía abdominal abierta, con bajo riesgo de complicaciones y evitando el uso de opioides.
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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the immunohistochemical profile of breast cancer (BC) in postmenopausal women. METHODS: This cross-sectional cohort study included 189 women, aged 45 to 75years and amenorrhea >12 months, with newly diagnosed BC and no previous cancer treatment. Clinical, anthropometric and biochemical data were collected, as well as data on BC hormone status (estrogen receptor, ER; progesterone receptor, PR; human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, HER-2), and epithelial proliferative activity (Ki-67). Tumors were divided into 5 subtypes:luminal A, luminal B HER-2 negative, luminal B HER-2 positive, non-luminal HER-2, and triple negative. Women with three or more of the following criteria were diagnosed with MetS: waist circumference ≥88cm; triglycerides ≥150mg/dL; HDL-cholesterol <50mg/dL; blood pressure ≥130/85mmHg; glucose ≥100mg/dL. RESULTS: Sixty-three (33.3%) of the 189 patients had MetS at the time of diagnosis. Women with MetS had a higher frequency of tumors ≤ 2cm than women without MetS (49.2% vs. 31.8%) (P = .038). There were no differences in histological grade, staging, or axillary lymph node metastasis (P > .05). The proportion of PR-positive (P = .006), HER-2-negative (P = .034), and luminal B HER-2-negative (P = .038) tumors was higher among patients with MetS compared to women without MetS (79.4% vs. 61.8%, 89.9% vs. 78.6% and 44.5% vs. 27.8%, respectively). Multivariate analysis adjusted for age, time since menopause and BMI showed a higher risk for luminal B HER-2-negative tumors among women with MetS (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.03-3.89), obese patients (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.06-3.90), and women with abdominal obesity (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.01-4.03). CONCLUSION: In postmenopausal women with newly diagnosed BC, the presence of MetS was associated with smaller tumor size, PR-positive and HER-2-negative status, and the luminal B tumor subtype.
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Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Síndrome Metabólica/metabolismo , Pós-Menopausa/metabolismo , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/complicações , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Síndrome Metabólica/complicações , Síndrome Metabólica/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/metabolismo , Triglicerídeos/sangueRESUMO
Hemodialysis central venous catheter (CVC) insertion can be complicated in patients with anomalous vessel anatomy. In such cases detailed knowledge of thoracic vessel anatomy is necessary to identify the exact location of the catheter. Central venous placement under ultrasound control has signiï¬cantly reduced the complications associated with blind puncture and allows an appropriate puncture of the desired vessel, but the CVC can still get misplaced if it follows an anomalous route. Herein, we report a case of dialysis catheter placed into a left sided superior vena cava, only diagnosed after CT scan study.
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Cateterismo Venoso Central , Cateteres Venosos Centrais , Diálise Renal , Veia Cava Superior , Humanos , Cateterismo Venoso Central/efeitos adversos , Cateterismo Venoso Central/métodos , Cateteres Venosos Centrais/efeitos adversos , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Diálise Renal/métodos , Ultrassonografia , Veia Cava Superior/diagnóstico por imagem , Veia Cava Superior/anormalidadesRESUMO
Vascularization is considered to be one of the key challenges in engineering functional 3D tissues. Engineering suturable vascular grafts containing pores with diameter of several tens of microns in tissue engineered constructs may provide an instantaneous blood perfusion through the grafts improving cell infiltration and thus, allowing rapid vascularization and vascular branching. The aim of this work was to develop suturable tubular scaffolds to be integrated in biofabricated constructs, enabling the direct connection of the biofabricated construct with the host blood stream, providing an immediate blood flow inside the construct. Here, tubular grafts with customizable shapes (tubes, Y-shape capillaries) and controlled diameter ranging from several hundreds of microns to few mm are fabricated based on poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) electrospun scaffolds. Furthermore, a network of pore channels of diameter in the order of 100µm was machined by laser femtosecond ablation in the tube wall. Both non-machined and laser machined tubular scaffolds elongated more than 100% of their original size have shown suture retention, being 5.85 and 3.96 N mm-2respectively. To demonstrate the potential of application, the laser machined porous grafts were embedded in gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels, resulting in elastomeric porous tubular graft/GelMA 3D constructs. These constructs were then co-seeded with osteoblast-like cells (MG-63) at the external side of the graft and human umbilical vein endothelial cells inside, forming a bone osteon model. The laser machined pore network allowed an immediate endothelial cell flow towards the osteoblasts enabling the osteoblasts and endothelial cells to interact and form 3D structures. This rapid vascularization approach could be applied, not only for bone tissue regeneration, but also for a variety of tissues and organs.
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Engenharia Tecidual , Alicerces Teciduais , Gelatina , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana , Humanos , Metacrilatos , PorosidadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical, biochemical, and genetic features of both new and previously reported patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) diagnosed in Portugal over the last 20 years. STUDY DESIGN: The cohort includes patients with an unexplained multisystem or single organ involvement, with or without psychomotor disability. Serum sialotransferrin isoforms and, whenever necessary, apolipoprotein CIII isoforms and glycan structures were analyzed. Additional studies included measurement of phosphomannomutase (PMM) activity and analysis of lipid-linked oligosaccharides in fibroblasts. Sanger sequencing and massive parallel sequencing were used to identify causal variants or the affected gene, respectively. RESULTS: Sixty-three individuals were diagnosed covering 14 distinct CDGs; 43 patients diagnosed postnatally revealed a type 1, 14 a type 2, and 2 a normal pattern on serum transferrin isoelectrofocusing. The latter patients were identified by whole exome sequencing. Nine of them presented also a hypoglycosylation pattern on apolipoprotein CIII isoelectrofocusing, pointing to an associated O-glycosylation defect. Most of the patients (62%) are PMM2-CDG and the remaining carry pathogenic variants in ALG1, ATP6AP1, ATP6AP2, ATP6V0A2, CCDC115, COG1, COG4, DPAGT1, MAN1B1, SLC35A2, SRD5A3, RFT1, or PGM1. CONCLUSIONS: Portuguese patients with CDGs are presented in this report, some of them showing unique clinical phenotypes. Among the 14 genes mutated in Portuguese individuals, 8 are shared with a previously reported Spanish cohort. However, regarding the mutational spectrum of PMM2-CDG, the most frequent CDG, a striking similarity between the 2 populations was found, as only 1 mutated allele found in the Portuguese group has not been reported in Spain.
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Defeitos Congênitos da Glicosilação/diagnóstico , Defeitos Congênitos da Glicosilação/genética , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Portugal , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Objetivo: identificar a prevalência de quedas, suas consequências e os fatores de risco ambientais para quedas de idosos residentes na comunidade. Metodologia: estudo transversal, com amostra por conveniência de 120 idosos cadastrados em uma equipe de Estratégia de Saúde da Família do município de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevista no domicílio com a aplicação de um questionário sociodemográfico e outro sobre quedas e fatores de risco ambientais. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva. Resultados: A maioria dos idosos era do sexo masculino (73,33%), com idade entre 60-69 anos (52,50%). Uma parte deles (16,67%) relatou ter caído nos últimos 12 meses, e entre os que tiveram queda, resultaram em hematomas (94,44%) ou escoriações (72,22%). Os fatores de risco ambientais para quedas encontrados foram: ausência de piso antiderrapante no banheiro (70,00%); ausência de iluminação nos corredores que ligam ao banheiro (50,83%); revestimentos irregulares e tapetes soltos (27,50%). Conclusão: A prevalência de quedas foi 16,67%, das quais a maioria dos idosos teve consequências leves. O ambiente domiciliar encontrado apresentava fatores de risco potenciais para quedas.
Objective: to identify the prevalence of falls, their consequences and the environmental risk factors for falls of elderly residents in the community. Methodology: this is a cross-sectional study, with a convenience sample of 120 elderly people registered in a Family Health Strategy team municipality of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Data collection was carried out through an interview at home with the application of a sociodemographic questionnaire and another on falls and environmental risk factors. Descriptive analysis was performed. Results: Most of the elderly were male (73.33%) aged 60-69 years (52.50%). A part of them (16.67%) reported having fallen in the last 12 months and had bruises (94.44%) or abrasions (72.22%). The environmental risk factors for falls found were: absence of non-slip floors in the bathroom (70.00%), absence of lighting in the corridors that connect to the bathroom (50.83%), irregular coverings and loose carpets (27.50%). Conclusion: The prevalence of falls was 16.67% and the majority of the elderly had mild consequences. The home environment found had potential risk factors for falls.
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Acidentes por Quedas , Idoso , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The liver is primarilyresponsible for energy homeostasis and the regulation of lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism. Lipid metabolism consists of distributing lipids to peripheral tissues or ensuring their return to the liver to be reprocessed. Additionally, cellular metabolism isregulated by several molecules in different signaling pathways. Lipid homeostasis in the liver is mainly regulated by AKT, AMPK, SREBP, PPAR, and JNK. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway results in the biosynthesis of macromolecules and regulates lipogenesis and the expression of lipogenic genes. AMPK is an energy sensor that regulates metabolism and is activated when stored ATP is depleted, and it is responsible for the suppression of several key lipogenic factors in the liver related to cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis. SREBPs control lipogenic geneexpressionandcholesterol metabolism and actin the nutritional regulation of fatty acids and triglycerides. The continued activation of SREBPs is associated with cellular stress, inflammation and ultimately steatosis. PPARs are intrinsically important regulators of lipid metabolism. These genes are essential tovarious metabolic processes, especially lipid and glucose homeostasis, and can play a role in cell differentiation. JNK signaling is related to insulin resistance and its activation results in decreased mitochondrial activity and fat accumulation. Therefore, the study of cell signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism and liver function may help to identify abnormalities and develop strategies to manage and regulate metabolic disorders and resulting complications.
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Fígado Gorduroso/metabolismo , Fígado/fisiologia , Fígado/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , RanunculaceaeRESUMO
Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV-3) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, responsible for sporadic cases of acute hepatitis E worldwide. Primate models have proven to be an essential tool for the study of HEV pathogenesis. Here we describe the outcomes of HEV infection in Macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus) inoculated experimentally with genotype 3. Eight adult cynomolgus macaques were inoculated intravenously with HEV-3 viral particles isolated from swine and human samples. Liver, spleen, duodenum, gallbladder and bile were sequential assessed up to the end-point of this study, 67 days post-inoculation (dpi). Our previously published findings showed that biochemical parameters return gradually to baseline levels at 55 dpi, whereas anti-HEV IgM and HEV RNA become undetectable in the serum and feces of all animals, indicating a non-viremic phase of recovery. Nevertheless, at a later stage during convalescence (67 dpi), the presence of HEV-3 RNA and antigen persist in central organs, even after peripheral viral clearance. Our results show that two cynomolgus inoculated with swine HEV-3 (animals I3 and O1) presented persistence of HEV RNA low titers in liver, gallbladder and bile. At this same stage of infection, HEV antigen (HEV Ag) could be detected in all infected animals, predominantly in non-reactive Kupffer cells (CD68+iNOS-) and sinusoidal lining cells. Simultaneously, CD4+, CD3+CD4+, and CD3+CD8+ immune cells were identified in hepatic sinusoids and small inflammatory clusters of lobular mononuclear cells, at the end-point of this study. Inability of HEV clearance in humans can result in chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, with subsequent liver failure requiring transplantation. The results of our study support the persistence of HEV-3 during convalescence at 67 dpi, with active immune response in NHP. We alert to the inherent risk of viral transmission through liver transplantation, even in the absence of clinical and biochemical signs of acute infection. Thus, besides checking conventional serological markers of HEV infection, we strongly recommend HEV-3 RNA and antigen detection in liver explants as public health measure to prevent donor-recipient transmission and spread of hepatitis E.
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Vírus da Hepatite E/genética , Hepatite E/genética , Fígado/virologia , Macaca fascicularis/virologia , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Duodeno/patologia , Duodeno/virologia , Fezes/virologia , Vesícula Biliar/patologia , Vesícula Biliar/virologia , Genótipo , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite/genética , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite/imunologia , Hepatite E/imunologia , Hepatite E/patologia , Hepatite E/virologia , Vírus da Hepatite E/imunologia , Vírus da Hepatite E/patogenicidade , Humanos , Fígado/patologia , Macaca fascicularis/imunologia , Tecido Parenquimatoso/patologia , Tecido Parenquimatoso/virologia , Baço/patologia , Baço/virologia , Suínos/virologia , Vírion/genética , Vírion/imunologia , Vírion/patogenicidadeRESUMO
Abstract: Carcinoid tumors are rare slow-growing neuroendocrine tissue neoplasms. Their ability to secrete bioactive substances to the systemic circulation is accountable for a clinical presentation known as carcinoid syndrome. Main symptoms include bronchoconstriction, flushing, diarrhea and hemodynamic instability. Octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, is the current mainstay for carcinoid syndrome treatment and perioperative management. However, no regimen has proven to be completely effective in preventing systemic manifestations and recent literature suggests that it might be an insufficient measure. We report a case of a 51-year-old male with a functioning small bowel neuroendocrine tumor and carcinoid syndrome presenting for a primary tumor resection, discussing possible pitfalls and key points in the care of these patients.
Resumen: Los tumores carcinoides son neoplasias de tejido neuroendocrino poco comunes y de crecimiento lento. Su capacidad para secretar sustancias bioactivas a la circulación sistémica es responsable por una presentación clínica conocida como síndrome carcinoide. Los principales síntomas incluyen broncoconstricción, enrojecimiento, diarrea e inestabilidad hemodinámica. Octreótido, un análogo de la somatostatina, es el pilar actual para el tratamiento del síndrome carcinoide y su manejo perioperatorio. Sin embargo, ningún tratamiento ha demostrado ser completamente eficaz para prevenir las manifestaciones sistémicas y estudios recientes indican que puede ser una medida insuficiente. Presentamos un caso de un varón de 51 años con un tumor neuroendocrino funcionante en el intestino delgado y un síndrome carcinoide, sometido a una resección del tumor primario, discutiendo posibles dificultades y puntos clave en la atención de estos pacientes.
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Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento, atitude e prática de idosos sobre quedas e os fatores associados. Metodologia: estudo transversal, com amostra probabilística, estratificada, proporcional de 557 idosos atendidos em unidades de saúde da família. Foi realizado entrevista com uso de questionário do tipo Inquérito Conhecimento, Atitude e Prática sobre quedas. Foi realizado análise com regressão de Poisson, considerando valor de p<0,5. Resultados: a maioria dos idosos já ouviu falar sobre quedas (92,3%) sabe que pode ser prevenida (73,2%), e acredita que é normal o idoso cair (54,2%). Quanto as práticas preventivas, 99,8% modifica o ambiente domiciliar, 72,9% evita subir em bancos/escadas, porém, a maioria não realiza atividade física (64,3%), não usa vitamina D (79,4%) ou sapatos antiderrapantes (63,9%). Conclusão: Os idosos têm conhecimento satisfatório, apresentam atitude favorável e a prevalência de prática preventiva de queda foi de 35,7%. Foi encontrada associação somente entre o conhecimento e a prática preventiva dos idosos. (AU)
Objective: to analyze the knowledge, attitude and practice of elderly people about falls and associated factors. Methodology: cross-sectional study, with probabilistic, stratified, and and proportional sample of 557 elderly people attended at family health units. An interview was conducted using a questionnaire of the type Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on falls. An analysis was performed with Poisson regression, considering p value <0.5. Results: most of the elderly people have heard about falls (92.3%), are aware that it can be prevented (73.2%), and believe that it is normal for the elderly to fall (54.2%). Regarding preventive practices, 99.8% modify the home environment, 72.9% avoid climbing benches/stairs, but most do not perform physical activity (64.3%), do not use vitamin D (79.4%), or non-slip shoes (63.9%). Conclusion: The elderly people have satisfactory knowledge, present a favorable attitude and the prevalence of preventive practice of fall was 35.7%. An association was found only between the knowledge and the preventive practice of the elderly people. (AU)
Objetivo: analizar el conocimiento, la actitud y la práctica de ancianos sobre caídas y los factores asociados. Metodologia: estudio transversal, con muestra probabilística, estratificada, proporcional de 557 ancianos atendidos en unidades de salud de la familia. Se realizó una entrevista con el uso de cuestionario del tipo Encuesta Conocimiento, Actitud y Práctica sobre caídas. Se realizó un análisis con regresión de Poisson, considerando valor de p <0,5. Resultados: la mayoría de los ancianos ya han oído hablar de caídas (92,3%), saben que pueden prevenirse (73,2%), y creen que es normal que el anciano caiga (54,2%). En cuanto las prácticas preventivas, 99,8% modifican el ambiente domiciliar, 72,9% evitan subir en bancos / escaleras, sin embargo, la mayoría no realiza actividad física (64,3%), no usa vitamina D (79,4%), o zapatos antideslizantes (63,9%). Conclusión: Los ancianos tienen conocimiento satisfactorio, presentan actitud favorable y la prevalencia de práctica preventiva de caída fue del 35,7%. Se encontró asociación sólo entre el conocimiento y la práctica preventiva de los ancianos. (AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Acidentes por Quedas , Prevenção Primária , Idoso , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , ConhecimentoRESUMO
OBJETIVO: analisar a prevalência de práticas preventivas de declínio cognitivo (DC) entre idosos e os fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde associados. METODOLOGIA: estudo transversal, analítico, desenvolvido com 557 idosos atendidos nas unidades de saúde da família do município de Tangará da Serra-MT. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista, com utilização de instrumento contendo características sociodemográficas, condições de saúde e práticas preventivas de DC realizadas por idosos e aplicação da escala de depressão geriátrica abreviada e do índice de Barthel. Foi realizada análise bivariada entre as variáveis independentes e práticas preventivas de DC para verificação de associação (p<0,05) por meio do teste x2 de Pearson. As variáveis que apresentaram associação com valor de p<0,20 foram selecionadas para a entrada no modelo de regressão múltipla de Poisson pelo método stepwise forward. RESULTADOS: a prevalência de práticas preventivas de DC foi de 55,1%. Foi encontrada associação entre práticas preventivas de DC e as variáveis escolaridade (p<0,001), situação ocupacional (p<0,001), capacidade funcional (p=0,017), sexo (p<0,001) e autoavaliação de saúde (p=0,028). CONCLUSÃO: a realização de práticas preventivas de DC se deu na maioria dos participantes e não foi previamente documentada em outros estudos. Idosos do sexo feminino, funcionalmente independentes, com alto nível de escolaridade, que estão trabalhando e autoavaliaram sua saúde como regular realizaram mais práticas preventivas de DC. Esses resultados são importantes, uma vez que mostram quais são as características dessa população que devem ser levadas em consideração no planejamento de ações para a promoção da saúde cognitiva.(AU)
Objective: to analyze the prevalence of cognitive decline (CD) preventive practices among the elderly population and the associated socio-demographic and health factors. Methodology: a cross-sectional, analytical study, conducted with 557 older people assisted at family health units in the city of Tangará da Serra-MT. Data were obtained through interviews, using an instrument containing sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions and CD preventive practices performed by the older people and applying the abbreviated geriatric depression scale and the Barthel index. Bivariate analysis was performed between the independent variables and CD preventive practices to verify association (p <0.05) using Pearson's x2 test. Variables with an association with p <0.20 were selected for entry into the Poisson multiple regression model by the stepwise forward method. Results: the prevalence of CD preventive practices was 55.1%. An association was found between CD preventive practices and the variables education (p <0.001), occupational status (p <0.001), functional capacity (p = 0.017), gender (p <0.001) and self-rated health (p = 0.028). Conclusion: preventive practices of CD were performed in most participants and were not previously documented in other studies. Female, functionally independent, highly educated elderly women who are working and self-rated their health as regular performed more CD...(AU)
Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia de prácticas preventivas del deterioro cognitivo (DC) entre ancianos y los factores sociodemográficos y de salud asociados. Metodología: estudio analítico transversal realizado con 557 personas mayores atendidas en unidades de salud familiar en la ciudad de Tangará da Serra-MT. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de entrevistas, con un instrumento que contenía características sociodemográficas, condiciones de salud y prácticas preventivas de DC realizadas por ancianos y aplicando la escala abreviada de depresión geriátrica y el índice de Barthel. Se realizó el análisis bivariado entre las variables independientes y las prácticas preventivas de DC para verificar la asociación (p <0,05) utilizando la prueba x2 de Pearson. Las variables con asociación p <0,20 se seleccionaron para ingresar en el modelo de regresión múltiple de Poisson mediante el método stepwise forward. Resultados: la prevalencia de prácticas preventivas de DC fue del 55,1%. Se encontró asociación entre las prácticas preventivas de DC y las variables educación (p <0.001), estado ocupacional (p <0.001), capacidad funcional (p = 0.017), género (p <0.001) y autoevaluación de la salud (p = 0,028). Conclusión: la mayoría de los participantes realizó prácticas preventivas de DC y no se documentaron previamente en otros estudios. Las mujeres mayores funcionalmente independientes, altamente educadas, que trabajan y autocalificaron su salud como regular realizaban más prácticas preventivas de DC. Estos resultados son importantes ya que muestran cuáles son las características que deben tenerse en cuenta al planificar acciones para promover la salud cognitiva de esta población.(AU)
Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Saúde do Idoso , Fatores de Risco , Cognição , Prevenção de Doenças , Enfermagem Geriátrica , Serviços de Saúde para IdososRESUMO
This study reports the results of 5 years of monitoring reef fish post-larvae using light traps in the Bay of Tamandaré, north-east Brazil. An annotated checklist of pre-settlement fish species, their frequency of occurrence and taxonomic characteristics are provided. In total, 4,422 post-larval fishes belonging to 36 families, 56 genera and 76 species were captured. The most species-rich families were Carangidae (7), Lutjanidae (6) and Pomacentridae (4), while the families Gerreidae (30.47%), Holocentridae (16.54%), Blenniidae (12.01%), Labrisomidae (8.36%), Lutjanidae (8.29%) and Acanthuridae (5.95%) were the most abundant. This is the first study of the taxonomic diversity and assemblage structure of settlement-stage reef fishes in the tropical south-west Atlantic Ocean. Although a few common species were not captured due to selectivity of light traps, the composition and taxonomic diversity of this first collection suggests that light traps are useful for studies of the early life history of a wide range of pre-settlement reef fishes.
Assuntos
Biodiversidade , Recifes de Corais , Peixes , Animais , Oceano Atlântico , Brasil , Perciformes , Alimentos MarinhosRESUMO
Objetivo: Identificar o perfil sociodemográfico e as condições de saúde dos idosos que sofreram quedas. Método: Estudo descritivo e transversal, com amostra de 220 idosos que caíram no último ano. As variáveis são características sociodemográficas, condições de saúde, avaliação do medo de cair e capacidade funcional. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados. Resultados: A maioria dos idosos que caíram possui idade entre 70 e 79 anos, é do sexo feminino, viúvo, com baixa escolaridade, aposentado com renda de até 1 salário mínimo, autoavalia sua saúde como regular/ruim, autorreferiu problemas cardiovasculares, osteomusculares, problemas de visão, e utiliza medicamentos regularmente. Foram também classificados como independentes funcionalmente e com medo de cair. Conclusão: O perfil sociodemográfico e as condições de saúde encontradas nos idosos deste estudo são importantes para nortear a ação dos profissionais de saúde na prevenção das quedas
Objective: To identify the sociodemographic profile and health conditions of the elderly who suffered falls. Method: Descriptive and transversal study, with a sample of 220 elderly people who fell in the last year. The variables are sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, fear of falling evaluation and functional capacity. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed. Results: The majority of the elderly who fell are aged 70-79 years, are female, widowed, with low schooling, retired with income of up to a minimum wage, self-rated their health as regular/poor, self-reported cardiovascular problems, Musculoskeletal, vision problems, and uses medications regularly. They were also classified as functionally independent and afraid to fall. Conclusion: The sociodemographic profile and the health conditions found in the elderly in this study are important to guide the action of health professionals in the prevention of falls
Meta: Identificar las condiciones sociodemográficas y de salud de las personas mayores que han sufrido caídas. Método: Estudio descriptivo y transversal, con una muestra de 220 personas de edad avanzada que han caído en el último año. Las variables son características sociodemográficas, las condiciones de salud, la evaluación de miedo a caer y la capacidad funcional. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo. Resultados: La mayoría de las personas mayores que han caído ha envejecido 70-79 años, son de sexo femenino, viuda, con bajo nivel de educación, se retiró con un ingreso de hasta un salario mínimo, autoavalia su salud como problemas, justo/ pobres autorreferiu cardiovasculares, musculoesquelético, problemas de visión, y las drogas usa con regularidad. También se clasificaron como funcionalmente independiente y el miedo a caer. Conclusión: Las condiciones socio-demográficas del perfil y de salud que se encuentran en los ancianos de este estudio son importantes para guiar las acciones de los profesionales de la salud en la prevención de caídas
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Acidentes por Quedas/prevenção & controle , Acidentes por Quedas/estatística & dados numéricos , Perfil de Saúde , BrasilRESUMO
Barrier membranes for guided bone regeneration (GBR) mainly promote mechanical maintenance of bone defect space and induce osteopromotion. Additionally, biopolymer-based membranes may provide greater bioactivity and biocompatibility due to their similarity to extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, biopolymers-based membranes from bacterial cellulose (BC) and collagen (COL) associated with osteogenic growth peptide (OGP(10-14)) were evaluated to determine in vitro osteoinductive potential in early osteogenesis; moreover, histological study was performed to evaluate the BC-COL OGP(10-14) membranes on bone healing after GBR in noncritical defects in rat femur. The results showed that the BC-COL and BC-COL OGP(10-14) membranes promoted cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity in osteoblastic cell cultures. However, ECM mineralization was similar between cultures grown on BC OGP(10-14) and BC-COL OGP(10-14) membranes. In vivo results showed that all the membranes tested, including the peptide-free BC membrane, promoted better bone regeneration than control group. Furthermore, the BC-COL OGP(10-14) membranes induced higher radiographic density in the repaired bone than the other groups at 1, 4 and 16 weeks. Histomorphometric analyses revealed that the BC-COL OGP(10-14) induced higher percentage of bone tissue in the repaired area at 2 and 4 weeks than others membranes. In general, these biopolymer-based membranes might be potential candidates for bone regeneration applications.
Assuntos
Biopolímeros/química , Regeneração Óssea , Histonas/química , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/química , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Osso e Ossos/patologia , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células , Colágeno/química , Masculino , Osteoblastos/citologia , Peptídeos/química , Polímeros/química , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento, as atitudes e as práticas preventivas do declínio cognitivo realizadas pelos idosos. Método: estudo transversal, desenvolvido com 557 idosos atendidos nas Unidades de Saúde da Família de um município de Mato Grosso, nos meses de fevereiro a maio de 2015. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista, utilizando questionário estruturado com perguntas sobre conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas preventivas de declínio cognitivo baseado nos inquéritos: Conhecimento, Atitude e Práticas. Realizou-se análise bivariada entre as variáveis conhecimento, atitude e práticas preventivas de declínio cognitivo e regressão múltipla de Poisson pelo método stepwise forward. Resultados: os idosos com conhecimento insatisfatório foram 469 (84,2%); atitude favorável, 523 (93,9%); e desenvolvem práticas preventivas do declínio cognitivo, 307 (55,1%). Foi encontrada associação entre conhecimento satisfatório e práticas preventivas de declínio cognitivo (p=0,027). Conclusão: Tais achados fornecem subsídios para ações em saúde, com a finalidade de elevar a realização das práticas preventivas nessa população.
Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento, las actitudes y las prácticas preventivas del declive cognitivo que ocurre en ancianos. Método: estudio trasversal, desarrollado con 557 ancianos atendidos en las Unidades de Salud de la Familia de un municipio de Mato Grosso, en los meses de febrero a mayo de 2015. Se recogieron los datos por medio de entrevista, utilizándose cuestionario estructurado con preguntas acerca de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas preventivas de declive cognitivo considerándose las investigaciones: Conocimiento, Actitud y Prácticas. Se realizó análisis bivariado entre las variables conocimiento, actitud y prácticas preventivas de declive cognitivo y regresión múltiple de Poisson por el método stepwise forward. Resultados: los ancianos con conocimiento insatisfactorio fueron 469 (84,2%); actitud favorable, 523 (93,9%); y desarrollan prácticas preventivas del declive cognitivo, 307 (55,1%). Hubo asociación entre conocimiento satisfactorio y prácticas preventivas de declive cognitivo (p=0,027). Conclusión: Esos hallazgos dan subsidios para acciones en salud y pueden elevar la realización de las prácticas preventivas en esa población.
Objective: to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices for the prevention of cognitive decline carried out by older adults. Method: a cross-sectional study was carried out with 557 older adults attended at the Family Health Units of a municipality of Mato Grosso from February to May of 2015. The data were collected through an interview using a structured questionnaire with questions on knowledge, attitudes and practices for the prevention of cognitive decline based on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice surveys. A bivariate analysis was performed between the variables knowledge, attitudes and practices for the prevention of cognitive decline, as well as Poisson multiple regression by the forward stepwise method. Results: 469 (84.2%) of the older adults presented unsatisfactory knowledge; 523 (93.9%) a favorable attitude; and 307 (55.1%) performed practices to prevent cognitive decline. An association was found between satisfactory knowledge and practices for the prevention of cognitive decline (p=0.027). Conclusion: These findings provide support for health actions that aim to increase the performance of preventive practices in this population.
Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Cognição , Conhecimento , Prevenção de Doenças , Enfermagem GeriátricaRESUMO
Objective. To describe the development of the bacterial cellulose coating with anti-inflammatory Ibuprofen (BC/Ibu) and to evaluate the cicatrization process with its use in patients with chronic wounds of venous and diabetic etiology. Methods. Longitudinal descriptive study. The cellulose membrane, cultivated with bacteria Gluconacetobacter xylinus and with incorporation of Ibuprofen, was used in the treatment of patients with chronic wounds in public health services in a Brazilian municipality. The ideal coverage characteristics were evaluated through physical, chemical and cell proliferation tests. Results. The sample consisted of 14 patients (10 women and 4 men), 8 with venous ulcer, 5 with diabetic foot and one with mixed wound. There was reduction of area and pain in 9 lesions; total healing of 3 wounds; and debridement of the devitalized tissue in 5 wounds with increased area. The use of the membrane was important in the reduction of pain, exudation and ease in the accomplishment of the curative. Conclusion. BC/Ibu favored the cicatrization process of patients with chronic vasculogenic wounds.(AU)
Objetivo. Describir el desarrollo de la cobertura de celulosa bacteriana con antiinflamatorio Ibuprofeno (CB/Ibu) y evaluar el proceso de cicatrización en la utilización en pacientes con heridas crónicas de etiología venosa y diabética. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo longitudinal. La membrana de celulosa, cultivada con bacterias Gluconacetobacter xylinus y con incorporación del Ibuprofeno se utilizó en el tratamiento de pacientes con heridas crónicas en servicios de atención pública de un municipio brasileño. Se evaluaron características de cobertura ideal mediante pruebas físicas, químicas y de proliferación celular. Resultados. La muestra fue constituida por 14 pacientes (10 mujeres y 4 hombres): 8 con úlcera venosa, 5 con pie diabético y uno con herida mixta. Se redujo el área y el dolor en 9 lesiones; la cicatrización total de 3 heridas; y el debridamiento del tejido desvitalizado en 5 heridas con aumento del área. El uso de la membrana de celulosa disminuyó el dolor de la exudación y facilitó la realización del vendaje. Conclusión. La CB/Ibu favoreció el proceso de cicatrización de los pacientes con heridas crónicas vasculogénicas.(AU)
Objetivo. Descrever o desenvolvimento da cobertura de celulose bacteriana com anti-inflamatório Ibuprofeno (CB/Ibu) e avaliar o processo de cicatrização com a sua utilização em pacientes com feridas crônicas de etiologia venosa e diabética. Métodos. Estudo descritivo longitudinal. A membrana de celulose, cultivada com bactérias Gluconacetobacter xylinus e com incorporação do Ibuprofeno, foi utilizada no tratamento de pacientes com feridas crônicas em serviços de atendimento público de um município brasileiro. Foram avaliadas as características de cobertura ideal mediante testes físicos, químicos e de proliferação celular. Resultados. A amostra foi constituída por 14 pacientes (10 mulheres e 4 homens), sendo 8 com úlcera venosa, 5 com pé diabético e um com ferida mista. Houve redução da área e da dor em 9 lesões; cicatrização total de 3 feridas; e o debridamento do tecido desvitalizado em 5 feridas com aumento da área. O uso da membrana além da diminuição da dor, da exsudação e facilidade na realização do curativo. Conclusão. A CB/Ibu favoreceu o processo cicatrização dos pacientes com feridas crônicas vasculogênicas. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Úlcera Varicosa , Cicatrização , Celulose , Ibuprofeno , Pé Diabético , Gluconacetobacter xylinusRESUMO
Epidemiological studies found that hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV-3) infection was associated with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in immunocompromised patients. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between the host immunosuppressive status and the occurrence of HEV-related chronic hepatitis. Here we describe a successful experimental study, using cynomolgus monkeys previously treated with tacrolimus, a potent calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressant, and infected with a Brazilian HEV-3 strain isolated from naturally infected pigs. HEV infected monkeys were followed up during 160 days post infection (dpi) by clinical signs; virological, biochemical and haematological parameters; and liver histopathology. The tacrolimus blood levels were monitored throughout the experiment. Immunosuppression was confirmed by clinical and laboratorial findings, such as: moderate weight loss, alopecia, and herpes virus opportunistic infection. In this study, chronic HEV infection was characterized by the mild increase of liver enzymes serum levels; persistent RNA viremia and viral faecal shedding; and liver histopathology. Three out of four immunosuppressed monkeys showed recurrent HEV RNA detection in liver samples, evident hepatocellular ballooning degeneration, mild to severe macro and microvesicular steatosis (zone 1), scattered hepatocellular apoptosis, and lobular focal inflammation. At 69 dpi, liver biopsies of all infected monkeys revealed evident ballooning degeneration (zone 3), discrete hepatocellular apoptosis, and at most mild portal and intra-acinar focal inflammation. At 160 dpi, the three chronically HEV infected monkeys showed microscopic features (piecemeal necrosis) corresponding to chronic hepatitis in absence of fibrosis and cirrhosis in liver parenchyma. Within 4-months follow up, the tacrolimus-immunosuppressed cynomolgus monkeys infected with a Brazilian swine HEV-3 strain exhibited more severe hepatic lesions progressing to chronic hepatitis without liver fibrosis, similarly as shown in tacrolimus-immunosuppressed solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. The cause-effect relationship between HEV infection and tacrolimus treatment was confirmed in this experiment.
Assuntos
Vírus da Hepatite E/patogenicidade , Imunossupressores/imunologia , Macaca fascicularis/imunologia , Macaca fascicularis/virologia , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Genótipo , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite/imunologia , Hepatite E/imunologia , Hepatite E/virologia , Vírus da Hepatite E/genética , Vírus da Hepatite E/imunologia , Terapia de Imunossupressão/métodos , Fígado/imunologia , Fígado/virologia , Cirrose Hepática/imunologia , Cirrose Hepática/virologia , Testes de Função Hepática/métodos , Masculino , RNA Viral/genética , Eliminação de Partículas Virais/imunologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To describe the development of the bacterial cellulose coating with anti-inflammatory Ibuprofen (BC/Ibu) and to evaluate the cicatrization process with its use in patients with chronic wounds of venous and diabetic etiology. METHODS: Longitudinal descriptive study. The cellulose membrane, cultivated with bacteria Gluconacetobacter xylinus and with incorporation of Ibuprofen, was used in the treatment of patients with chronic wounds in public health services in a Brazilian municipality. The ideal coverage characteristics were evaluated through physical, chemical and cell proliferation tests. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 14 patients (10 women and 4 men), 8 with venous ulcer, 5 with diabetic foot and one with mixed wound. There was reduction of area and pain in 9 lesions; total healing of 3 wounds; and debridement of the devitalized tissue in 5 wounds with increased area. The use of the membrane was important in the reduction of pain, exudation and ease in the accomplishment of the curative. CONCLUSIONS: BC/Ibu favored the cicatrization process of patients with chronic vasculogenic wounds.